List of invasive species in Europe

{{See also|Invasive species in the British Isles|List of invasive species in Portugal}}

This is a list of invasive species in Europe. A species is regarded as invasive if it has become introduced to a location, area, or region where it did not previously occur naturally (i.e., is not a native species) and becomes capable of establishing a breeding population in the new location. An invasive species will be one that thrives in its new environment and negatively influences the ecology and biodiversity of that ecosystem. Negative effects can also affect humans, by compromising health (e.g. vectors of diseases) or socioeconomic systems (e.g. damages to agriculture or forestry).

The term invasive species refers to a subset of those species defined as introduced species. If a species has been introduced but remains local, and is not problematic to human systems or to the local biodiversity, then it does not belong on this list.

Plants

Acacia sp. [http://www.mapama.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/conservacion-de-especies/especies-exoticas-invasoras/ce_eei_flora.aspx Ministry of Agriculture, Nourishing and Environment of Spain. Retrieved on 2017-04-20]
Ailanthus altissima (Tree of heaven)[http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution_display.asp?si=319&ri=22702&pc=*&sts=tss&status=Alien&lang=EN#Alien Ailanthus altissima distribution in Europe] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611201437/http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution_display.asp?si=319&ri=22702&pc=*&sts=tss&status=Alien&lang=EN#Alien |date=2011-06-11 }}. ISSG Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-03-03.
Alternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed)
Amorpha fruticosa (Desert false indigo)[http://www.eppo.org/QUARANTINE/ias_plants.htm EPPO List of invasive alien plants] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100417071225/http://www.eppo.org/QUARANTINE/ias_plants.htm |date=2010-04-17 }}. European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Ragweed)[https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/4691 Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed)]. CABI, Invasive Species Compendium. Retrieved on 2020-04-27Ambrosia artemisiifolia. Gyűjtő Zsolt SAPIENTIA Hungarian University of Transilvania Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Cluj-Napoca. Retrieved on 2010-11-30.
Asclepias syriaca (common milkweed)
Baccharis halimifolia (Eastern baccharis)
Buddleja davidii [https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/10314 Buddleja davidii (butterfly bush)]. CABI, Invasive Species Compendium. Retrieved on 2020-04-27
Cabomba caroliniana (fanwort)
Carpobrotus edulis (Hottentot fig)[http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution.asp?si=1010&fr=1&sts=tss&lang=EN Alien range of Carpobrotus edulis]. ISSG Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-03-03.
Clematis vitalba (Old man's beard){{cite web| url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/?compid=5&dsid=14280&loadmodule=datasheet&page=481&site=144| author=Invasive Species Compendium| title=Clematis vitalba| accessdate=31 October 2011}}
Cortaderia spp. {{cite web|url=http://mediambient.gencat.cat/ca/05_ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_invasores/llista-especies/llista-especies-catalogades/flora/herba-de-la-pampa/|title=Herba de la pampa}}
Crassula helmsii (Australian swamp stonecrop)[http://www.invasivespeciesireland.com/mostunwanted/detail.asp?id=63 Most Unwanted: New Zealand pigmyweed] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090408161930/http://www.invasivespeciesireland.com/mostunwanted/detail.asp?id=63 |date=2009-04-08 }}. Invasive Species Ireland. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth)
Elodea canadensis (Canadian pondweed)Barrat-Segretain, M. 2001. [Invasive species in the Rhône river floodplain (France): replacement of Elodea canadensis michaux by E. nuttallii St. John in two former river channels]. (Abstract). Archiv für Hydrobiologie 152(2):237-251.{{Cite journal|last1=Poulis|first1=Georgios|last2=Zervas|first2=Dimitrios|date=2017-12-20|title=First confirmed record of Elodea canadensis Michx. (Hydrocharitaceae) in Greece|journal=Hacquetia|language=en|volume=16|issue=2|pages=175–179|doi=10.1515/hacq-2017-0001|issn=1854-9829|doi-access=free}}
Elodea nuttallii (Nuttall's waterweed)
Gleditsia triacanthos (honey locust)
Gunnera tinctoria (Chilean rhubarb)
Heracleum mantegazzianum (giant hogweed)[http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution_display.asp?si=418&ri=22702&pc=*&sts=tss&status=Alien&lang=EN Heracleum mantegazzianum distribution in Europe] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611201608/http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution_display.asp?si=418&ri=22702&pc=*&sts=tss&status=Alien&lang=EN |date=2011-06-11 }}. ISSG Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-03-03.{{cite web |title=Pampa del Caucas |url=https://mediambient.gencat.cat/ca/05_ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_invasores/llista-especies/llista-especies-catalogades/flora/julivert-gegant/ |website=Medi Ambient i Sostenibilitat |language=ca-ES}}
Heracleum persicum (Persian hogweed)
Heracleum sosnowskyi (Sosnowsky's hogweed)
Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (Floating pennywort)Maguire, C.M., Cosgrove, P.J. and Kelly, J. 2008.[http://www.invasivespeciesireland.com/files/public/Management%20contingency/Hydrocotyle.pdf Floating Pennywort (Hydrocotyle ranunculoides) Management Plan]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Invasive Species Ireland. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
Impatiens glandulifera (Himalayan balsam)[http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution.asp?si=942&fr=1&sts=tss&lang=EN Impatiens glandulifera alien range] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611201627/http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution.asp?si=942&fr=1&sts=tss&lang=EN |date=2011-06-11 }}. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
Lagarosiphon major (curly waterweed)
Lantana camara [https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/29771 Lantana camara (lantana)]. CABI, Invasive Species Compendium. Retrieved on 2020-04-27
Ludwigia grandiflora (water-primrose)
Ludwigia peploides (floating primrose-willow)
Lysichiton americanus (American skunk cabbage)[http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/invasivealien/list/index_en.htm List of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern], European Commission. Retrieved on 1 May 2018
Myriophyllum aquaticum (Parrot feather)[http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution_detail.asp?si=401&di=41290&sts=&lang=EN Myriophyllum aquaticum distribution in the United Kingdom] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611201641/http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution_detail.asp?si=401&di=41290&sts=&lang=EN |date=2011-06-11 }}. ISSG Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-03-03.
Myriophyllum heterophyllum (broadleaf watermilfoil)
Nicotiana glauca [https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/36324 Nicotiana glauca(tree tobacco)]. CABI, Invasive Species Compendium. Retrieved on 2020-04-27
Oxalis pes-caprae (buttercup oxalis) [http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=1599 Oxalis pes-caprae]. ISSG Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2020-04-27
Pennisetum setaceum (crimson fountaingrass)
Pueraria lobata (kudzu vine)
Reynoutria japonica (syn. Fallopia japonica) (Japanese knotweed)[http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution_display.asp?si=91&ri=22702&pc=*&sts=tss&status=Alien&lang=EN Fallopia japonica distribution in Europe] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611201523/http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution_display.asp?si=91&ri=22702&pc=*&sts=tss&status=Alien&lang=EN |date=2011-06-11 }}. ISSG Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-03-03.
Rhododendron ponticum (pontic rhododendron)[http://www.habitas.org.uk/invasive/species.asp?Item=3888 Invasive Alien Species in Northern Ireland: Rhododendron ponticum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110517234159/http://www.habitas.org.uk/invasive/species.asp?Item=3888 |date=2011-05-17 }}. National Museums Northern Ireland. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust)[http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution_display.asp?si=572&ri=22702&pc=*&sts=tss&status=Alien&lang=EN Robinia pseudoacacia distribution in Europe] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611201721/http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution_display.asp?si=572&ri=22702&pc=*&sts=tss&status=Alien&lang=EN |date=2011-06-11 }}. ISSG Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-03-03.
Rosa rugosa {{cite web|url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/47835 |title=Rosa rugosa (rugosa rose) |work=Invasive Species Compendium (ISC) |publisher=CAB International |date= |accessdate=2022-08-14}}

File:Kanadische Goldrute, Solidago canadensis - Invasives Unkraut.jpg

Solidago canadensis (Canada goldenrod){{cite web|url=https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/extinction-countdown/goldenrod/ |title=Invasive Goldenrod is Killing Europe's Ants and Butterflies |publisher=Scientific American |date= |accessdate=2023-06-05}}
Tradescantia fluminensis {{cite web|url=http://mediambient.gencat.cat/ca/05_ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_invasores/llista-especies/llista-especies-catalogades/flora/miseria/|title = Misèria}}

Algae

Caulerpa racemosa (Grape caulerpa)Durand, C., et al. 2002.[http://www.com.univ-mrs.fr/~boudouresque/Publications_pdf/Durand_et_al_2002_J_Evol_Biol.pdf Molecular data suggest a hybrid origin for the invasive Caulerpa racemosa (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) in the Mediterranean Sea] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723131257/http://www.com.univ-mrs.fr/~boudouresque/Publications_pdf/Durand_et_al_2002_J_Evol_Biol.pdf |date=2011-07-23 }}. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 15:122-133.
Caulerpa taxifolia, Mediterranean clone[http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution.asp?si=115&fr=1&sts=tss&lang=EN Alien range of Caulerpa taxifolia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611201506/http://www.issg.org/database/species/distribution.asp?si=115&fr=1&sts=tss&lang=EN |date=2011-06-11 }}. ISSG Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-03-03.

Animals

=Bryozoans=

Bugula neritina (brown bryozoan){{cite web |url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109209 |title=Bugula neritina (brown bryozoan) |work=Invasive Species Compendium (ISC) |publisher=CAB International}}
Schizoporella errata (branching bryozoan){{cite web |url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109921 |title=Datasheet Schizoporella errata (branching bryozoan) |work=Invasive Species Compendium (ISC) |publisher=CAB International}}
Tricellaria inopinata{{cite web |url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109093 |title=Datasheet Tricellaria inopinata |work=Invasive Species Compendium (ISC) |publisher=CAB International}}

=Cnidarians=

Cordylophora caspia (euryhaline hydroid){{cite web |url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108329 |title=Cordylophora (euryhaline hydroid) |work=Invasive Species Compendium (ISC) |publisher=CAB International}}
Rhopilema nomadica (nomad jellyfish)

=Ctenophores=

Mnemiopsis leidyi (warty comb jelly)

=Arthropods=

==Crustaceans==

Balanus improvisus (Bay barnacle){{cite web |url=http://www.frammandearter.se/0/2english/pdf/Balanus_improvisus.pdf |work=Främmande arter i svenska hav |accessdate=April 18, 2010 |title=Bay barnacle (Balanus improvisus) |archive-date=August 12, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100812013242/http://www.frammandearter.se/0/2english/pdf/Balanus_improvisus.pdf |url-status=dead }}
Cercopagis pengoi (fishhook waterflea)
Chelicorophium curvispinum (Caspian mud shrimp){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108307 | title=Chelicorophium curvispinum (Caspian mud shrimp) }}
Dikerogammarus villosus (Killer shrimp){{cite web |author=Danielle M. Crosnier & Daniel P. Molloy |date=October 2006 |title=Killer Shrimp - Dikerogammarus villosus |url=http://el.erdc.usace.army.mil/ansrp/dikerogammarus_villosus.pdf |work=Aquatic Nuisance Species Research Program |publisher=United States Army Corps of Engineers |accessdate=September 9, 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091229123103/http://el.erdc.usace.army.mil/ansrp/dikerogammarus_villosus.pdf |archivedate=December 29, 2009 }}
Elminius modestus (Australasian barnacle){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109096 | title=Austrominius modestus }}
Eriocheir sinensis (Chinese mitten crab)[http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/speciesname/Eriocheir+sinensis Eriocheir sinensis]. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2020-11-01.
Hemigrapsus takanoi (brush-clawed shore crab)
Hemimysis anomala (bloody-red mysid)
imnomysis benedeni (Donau-Schwebgarnele){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108853 | title=Limnomysis benedeni }}
Limnoria lignorum (gribble){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109146 | title=Limnoria lignorum (Gribble) }}
Orconectes limosus (Spiny-cheek crayfish)Holdich, D. and Black, J. 2007. [https://www.academia.edu/download/45627070/AI_2007_2_1_Holdich_Black.pdf The spiny-cheek crayfish, Orconectes limosus (Rafinesque, 1817) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Cambaridae), digs into the UK]{{dead link|date=July 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}. Aquatic Invasions 2(1):1–16.
Orconectes virilis (Virile crayfish)[http://aquaticinvasions.net/2008/AI_2008_3_1_Ahern_etal.pdf The virile crayfish, Orconectes virilis (Hagen, 1870) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Cambaridae), identified in the UK]. Ahern, Daniel, et al. 2008. Aquatic Invasions 3(1):102-104. Retrieved on 2008-12-03.
Pacifastacus leniusculus (Signal crayfish)[http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/speciesname/Pacifastacus+leniusculus Pacifastacus leniusculus]. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2022-11-01.
Palaemon elegans (rockpool shrimp){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/70617 | title=Palaemon elegans (Rock shrimp) }}
Paralithodes camtschaticus (Red king crab)[https://www.nobanis.org/globalassets/speciesinfo/p/paralithodes-camtschatica/paralithodes_camtschaticus.pdf Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet: Paralithodes camtschaticus]. North European and Baltic Network on Invasive Alien Species. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
Percnon gibbesi (Sally Lightfoot crab)
Pontogammarus robustoides{{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/119602 | title=Pontogammarus robustoides }}
Procambarus clarkii (Louisiana crawfish)[http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/speciesname/Procambarus+clarkii Procambarus clarkii]. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2022-11-01.

==Insects==

Adelges piceae (balsam woolly adelgid){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/3268 | title=Adelges piceae (Balsam woolly adelgid) }}
Aedes albopictus (tiger mosquito)
Agrilus planipennis (emerald ash borer){{cite web |url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/3780 |title=Agrilus planipennis (emerald ash borer) |work=Invasive Species Compendium (ISC) |publisher=CAB International |date= |accessdate=2022-08-14}}
Aleurodicus dispersus (spiralling whitefly){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/4141 | title=Aleurodicus dispersus (Whitefly) }}
Aphis spiraecola (green citrus aphid){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/6221 | title=Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid) }}
Aproceros leucopoda (elm zigzag sawfly){{cite web |url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/118020 |title=Aproceros leucopoda (elm zigzag sawfly) |work=Invasive Species Compendium (ISC) |publisher=CAB International |date= |accessdate=2022-08-14}}
Aromia bungii (red necked longicorn){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/118984 | title=Aromia bungii (Red necked longicorn) }}
Bemisia tabaci (silverleaf whitefly) {{Cite web |url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/8927 |title=Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly) |access-date=2022-11-01}}
Cacyreus marshalli (geranium bronze){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/10683 | title=Cacyreus marshalli (Pelargonium butterfly) }}
Cameraria ohridella (horse-chestnut leaf miner)
Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/12367 | title=Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly) }}
Chilo suppressalis (striped rice stem borer){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/12855 | title=Chilo suppressalis (Striped rice stem borer) }}
Cinara cupressi (Cypress aphid){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/13579 | title=Cinara cupressi sensu lato (Cypress aphid) }}
Corythucha ciliata (sycamore lace bug){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/16264 | title=Corythucha ciliata (Sycamore lace bug) }}
Cryptotermes brevis (West Indian drywood termite){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/16441 | title=Cryptotermes brevis (Powderpost termite) }}
Ctenarytaina eucalypti (blue gum psyllid){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/16747 | title=Ctenarytaina eucalypti (Blue gum psyllid) }}
Cydalima perspectalis (box tree moth){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/118433 | title=Cydalima perspectalis (Box tree moth) }}
Dendroctonus micans (great spruce bark beetle){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/18352 | title=Dendroctonus micans (Great spruce bark beetle) }}
Diabrotica virgifera (Western corn rootworm)
Dreyfusia nordmannianae (silver fir adelges){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/19860 | title=Dreyfusia nordmannianae (Silver fir adelges) }}
Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109283 | title=Drosophila suzukii (Spotted wing drosophila) }}
Dryocosmus kuriphilus (chestnut gall wasp) {{cite web |url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/20005| title=Dryocosmus kuriphilus (chestnut gall wasp) }}
Epiphyas postvittana (light brown apple moth){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/54204 | title=Epiphyas postvittana (Light brown apple moth) }}
Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/24426 | title=Frankliniella occidentalis (Western flower thrips) }}
Gilpinia hercyniae (European spruce sawfly){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/25211 | title=Gilpinia hercyniae (Spruce sawfly) }}
Halyomorpha halys (marmorated stink bug)
Harmonia axyridis (Asian lady beetle)[http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/speciesname/Harmonia+axyridis Harmonia axyridis]. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2022-11-01.
Hypogeococcus pungens (cactus mealybug){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/110614 | title=Hypogeococcus pungens (Cactus mealybug) }}
Icerya purchasi (cottony cushion scale){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/28432 | title=Icerya purchasi (Cottony cushion scale) }}
Lasius neglectus (invasive garden ant)
Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado beetle)[http://www.habitas.org.uk/invasive/species.asp?item=11165 Invasive Alien Species in Northern Ireland: Leptinotarsa decemlineata] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519052528/http://www.habitas.org.uk/invasive/species.asp?item=11165 |date=2011-05-19 }}. National Museums Northern Ireland. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
Leptocybe invasa (blue gum chalcid){{cite web | url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108923 | title=Leptocybe invasa (Blue gum chalcid) }}
Lilioceris lilii (scarlet lily beetle)
Linepithema humile (Argentine ant){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/30839 | title=Linepithema humile (Argentine ant) }}
Lysiphlebus testaceipes
Megastigmus spermotrophus (Douglas-fir seed chalcid){{cite web | url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/33131 | title=Megastigmus spermotrophus (Douglas-fir seed chalcid) }}
Opogona sacchari (banana moth){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/37683 | title=Opogona sacchari (Banana moth) }}
Monomorium pharaonis (Pharaoh ant)
Paratrechina longicornis (longhorn crazy ant){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/44709 | title=Paratrechina longicornis (Crazy ant) }}
Paysandisia archon (castniid palm borer){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/39083 | title=Paysandisia archon (South American palm borer) }}
Pheidole megacephala (big-headed ant){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/40133 | title=Pheidole megacephala (Big-headed ant) }}
Phoracantha semipunctata (Australian Eucalyptus longhorn){{cite magazine |author= |date=21 December 1999 |title=Decreto-Lei n.o 565/99 de 21 de Dezembro |trans-title=Decree-Law No 565/99 of December 21 |url=https://dre.pt/application/dir/pdf1sdip/1999/12/295A00/91009115.PDF |language=Portuguese |magazine=Diário da República |location=Lisbon |publisher=Imprensa Nacional |access-date=9 October 2017 }}

{{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/40372 | title=Phoracantha semipunctata (Eucalyptus longhorned borer) }}

Phyllonorycter issikii (lime leaf miner){{cite web | url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/40593 | title=Phyllonorycter issikii (Lime leafminer) }}
Rhagoletis cingulata (eastern cherry fruit fly){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/47051 | title=Rhagoletis cingulata (Cherry fruit fly) }}
Scaphoideus titanus (American grapevine leafhopper){{cite journal | doi=10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3851 | title=Scientific Opinion on pest categorisation of Grapevine Flavescence dorée | journal=EFSA Journal | year=2014 | volume=12 | issue=2014;12(10):3851 | page=3851 | doi-access=free }}
Solenopsis invicta (red imported fire ant) {{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2023.07.036 |title=The invasive ant Solenopsis invicta is established in Europe |journal=Current Biology |date=September 2023 |volume=33 |issue=17 |pages=R896–R897 |doi-access=free |last1=Menchetti |first1=Mattia |last2=Schifani |first2=Enrico |last3=Alicata |first3=Antonio |last4=Cardador |first4=Laura |last5=Sbrega |first5=Elisabetta |last6=Toro-Delgado |first6=Eric |last7=Vila |first7=Roger |pmid=37699343 |bibcode=2023CBio...33R.896M }}
Simacauda dicommatias (a South American moth){{cite journal |last1=Heckford |first1=R J |last2=Beavan |first2=P J |last3=Lees |first3=David C |title=Simacauda dicommatias (Meyrick, 1931) {Lepidoptera: Incurvariidae), a South American species established in Cornwall, new to the British Isles and unknown in mainland Europe, with first details of its biology |journal=Entomologist's Gazette |date=2003 |volume=73 |issue=4 |pages=193–218 |doi=10.31184/G00138894.734.1873 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/368116789 |access-date=1 January 2024}}
Thaumastocoris peregrinus (bronze bug){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109741 | title=Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Bronze bug) }}
Trialeurodes ricini (castor bean whitefly){{cite web | url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/54659 | title=Trialeurodes ricini (Castor bean whitefly) }}
Vespa velutina nigrithorax (Yellow-legged Asian hornet)
Vespula germanica (European wasp){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/56667 | title=Vespula germanica (German wasp) }}
Vespula vulgaris (common wasp){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/56675 | title=Vespula vulgaris (Wasp, common) }}
Xyleborus perforans (island pinhole borer){{cite web | url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/57169 | title=Xyleborus perforans (Island pinhole borer) }}
Xylosandrus germanus (black timber bark beetle){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/57237 | title=Xylosandrus germanus (Black timber bark beetle) }}

=Chordates=

==Ascidians==

Microcosmus squamiger{{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108333 | title=Microcosmus squamiger }}
Polyandrocarpa zorritensis{{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108975 | title=Polyandrocarpa zorritensis }}
Styela clava (Stalked sea squirt)[http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/speciesname/Styela+clavaStyela clava]. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2022-11-01.

==Amphibians==

Lithobates catesbeianus (American Bullfrog)
Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)

==Birds==

Acridotheres tristis (common myna){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/2994 | title=Acridotheres tristis (Common myna) }}
Alopochen aegyptiacus (Egyptian goose){{cite web | url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/94205 | title=Alopochen aegyptiaca (Egyptian goose) }}
Amandava amandava (red avadavat) http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22719614/0
Branta canadensis (Canada goose)Image:Canada goose.jpg
Corvus splendens (House crow)
Estrilda astrild (common waxbill)http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22719574/0
Estrilda troglodytes (black-rumped waxbill)http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22719570/0
Euodice cantans (African silverbill)http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22719761/0
Euplectes afer (yellow-crowned bishop)http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22719164/0
Leiothrix lutea (Red-billed leiothrix){{cite web |last=Weston |first=Phoebe |date=6 June 2022 |title='The next parakeet': Britain's dawn chorus at risk from Asian songbird |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/jun/06/red-billed-leiothrix-native-birds-britain-aoe |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220606071208/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/jun/06/red-billed-leiothrix-native-birds-britain-aoe |archive-date=6 June 2022 |access-date=6 June 2022 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}
Myiopsitta monachus (Monk parakeet)
Oxyura jamaicensis (Ruddy duck){{cite web | url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/71368 | title=Oxyura jamaicensis (ruddy duck) }}
Phasianus colchicus (common pheasant){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/70470 | title=Phasianus colchicus (Common pheasant) }}
Ploceus cucullatus (village weaver)http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22718921/0
Ploceus melanocephalus (black-headed weaver)http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22718949/0
Psittacula krameri (Rose-ringed parakeet){{cite book|last1=Menchetti|first1=Mattia|last2=Mori|first2=Emiliano|last3=Angelici|first3=Francesco Maria|title=Problematic Wildlife |chapter=Effects of the Recent World Invasion by Ring-Necked Parakeets Psittacula krameri |date=2016|publisher=Springer International Publishin|isbn=978-3-319-22246-2|pages=253–266|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-22246-2_12}}
Threskiornis aethiopicus (African sacred ibis)

==Fish==

Alburnus alburnus (common bleak){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/95206 | title=Alburnus alburnus (Bleak) }}
Ameiurus melas (Black bullhead (catfish))
Australoheros facetus (Chameleon cichlid)
Carassius auratus (goldfish){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/90563 | title=Carassius auratus auratus (Goldfish) }}
Carassius gibelio (Prussian carp){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/90562 | title=Carassius gibelio (Prussian carp) }}
Cyprinus carpio (common carp)
Esox lucius (northern pike){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/83118 | title=Esox lucius (Pike) }}
Fundulus heteroclitus (mummichog)
Gambusia holbrooki (eastern mosquitofish){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/82089 | title=Gambusia holbrooki (Eastern mosquitofish) }}
Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (bighead carp){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/92426 | title=Aristichthys nobilis (Bighead carp) }}
Lepomis gibbosus (Pumpkinseed sunfish)Leppakoski, Erkki. Invasive aquatic species of Europe: distribution, impacts, and management. Kluwer Academic Publishers. 1998. The Netherlands. 156-162.
Leuciscus leuciscus (common dace){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/77316 | title=Leuciscus leuciscus (Common dace) }}
Micropterus salmoides (Largemouth Bass)
Neogobius fluviatilis (monkey goby)
Neogobius melanostomus (round goby)
Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/71813 | title=Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout) }}
Perccottus glenii (Chinese sleeper){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/110577 | title=Perccottus glenii (Amur sleeper) }}
Pseudorasbora parva (stone moroko)
Rutilus rutilus (common roach){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/66337 | title=Rutilus rutilus (Roach) }}
Sander lucioperca (Sander lucioperca){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/65338 | title=Sander lucioperca (Pike-perch) }}

==Mammals==

Ammotragus lervia (Barbary sheep){{cite web | url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/94507 | title=Ammotragus lervia (Aoudad) }}
Axis axis (chital){{cite web | url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/89941 | title=Axis axis (Indian spotted deer) }}
Callosciurus erythraeus (Pallas' squirrel){{cite web |url=http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/pdf/IAS_brochure_species.pdf |title=Invasive Alien Species of Union Concern |publisher=European Commission |year=2017 |accessdate=5 May 2018 }}
Callosciurus finlaysonii (Finlayson's squirrel){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/91203 | title=Callosciurus finlaysonii (Finlayson's squirrel) }}
Capra hircus (feral goat){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/90416 | title=Capra hircus (Goats) }}
Castor canadensis (North American beaver){{cite web | url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/90583 | title=Castor canadensis (Beaver) }}
Cervus nippon (sika deer)
Equus asinus (donkey){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/84021 | title=Equus asinus (Donkeys) }}
Muntiacus reevesi (Reeves's muntjac)
Mustela furo (ferret){{cite web | url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/74424 | title=Mustela furo (Ferret) }}
Myocastor coypus (coypu, nutria)
Neogale vison (American mink)
Nyctereutes procyonoides (raccoon dog)
Ondatra zibethicus (muskrat)
Procyon lotor (common raccoon)
Rattus rattus (black rat)
Sciurus carolinensis (grey squirrel)
Tamias sibiricus (Siberian chipmunk)
Urva auropunctata (small Indian mongoose){{cite journal |last1=Ćirović |first1=Duško |last2=Raković |first2=Maja |last3=Milenković |first3=Miroljub |last4=Paunović |first4=Milan |date=6 July 2010 |title=Small Indian Mongoose Herpestes auropunctatus (Herpestidae, Carnivora): an invasive species in Montenegro |journal=Biological Invasions |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=393–399 |doi=10.1007/s10530-010-9831-7 |s2cid=24084528 }}
Mellivora capensis (Honey badger)
Civettictis civetta (African Civet)

==Reptiles==

Chamaeleo chamaeleon (common chameleon)http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/157246/0
Trachemys scripta elegans (Red-eared slider)
Pelodiscus sinensis (Chinese softshell turtle)
Lampropeltis californiae (California Kingsnake){{Cite journal |last1=Piquet |first1=Julien C. |last2=López-Darias |first2=Marta |date=2021-12-08 |title=Invasive snake causes massive reduction of all endemic herpetofauna on Gran Canaria |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=288 |issue=1964 |page=20211939 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2021.1939 |pmc=8651408 |pmid=34875190}}{{Cite news |date=2022-08-08 |title=Kalifornische Kettennatter: Breitet sich die Art jetzt auch in Deutschland aus? |language=de |work=Der Spiegel |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/kalifornische-kettennatter-breitet-sich-die-invasive-art-auch-in-deutschland-aus-a-6f1ef80f-3c34-4c4c-8c7b-ce0ab3573464 |access-date=2022-08-12 |issn=2195-1349}}

=Molluscs=

Arion vulgaris (Spanish slug){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/6963 | title=Arion vulgaris (Spanish slug) }}
Deroceras invadens (tramp slug){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/121099 | title=Deroceras invadens (Tramp slug) }}

==Marine==

File:Rapana Black Sea 2008 G1.jpg

File:Dreissena polymorpha3.jpg, Dreissena polymorpha]]

Arcuatula senhousia (Asian date mussel)
Brachidontes pharaonis (variable mussel)
Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oyster)
Crepidula fornicata (Common slipper shell)
Ensis directus (American jack-knife clam)
Petricolaria pholadiformis (false angel wing){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108908 | title=Petricolaria pholadiformis (False angel wing) }}
Pinctada radiata (Atlantic pearl-oyster){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108219 | title=Pinctada imbricata radiata (Rayed pearl oyster) }}
Rapana venosa (Veined rapa whelk)[http://www.europe-aliens.org/speciesTheWorst.do 100 of the worst invasive species in Europe]

==Freshwater==

Corbicula fluminalis{{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109136 | title=Corbicula fluminalis }}
Corbicula fluminea (Freshwater bivalve mollusk){{cite journal|last=Morais|first=P.|display-authors=etal |date=2009|title=The Asian clam Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774) in the Guadiana River Basin (southwestern Iberian Peninsula): Setting the record straight|journal=Aquatic Invasions|volume=4|issue=4|pages=681–684|url=http://www.aquaticinvasions.net/2009/AI_2009_4_4_Morais_etal.pdf|doi=10.3391/ai.2009.4.4.14|doi-access=free}}{{cite journal|last=Popa|first=O.|author2=Popa, L. O.|date=2006|title=Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834), Corbicula fluminea (O. F. Müller, 1774), Dreissena bugensis (Andrusov, 1897) (Mollusca: Bivalvia): Alien invasive species in Romanian fauna|journal=Travaux du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle "Grigore Antipa"|volume=49|pages=7–12|url=http://www.travaux.ro/pdf/89-7-12.pdf|access-date=2010-03-22|archive-date=2012-02-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220000154/http://www.travaux.ro/pdf/89-7-12.pdf|url-status=dead}}
Dreissena polymorpha (Zebra mussel)
Dreissena rostriformis bugensis (Quagga mussel)Katharina C. M. Heiler, Sascha Brandt, Christian Albrecht, Torsten Hauffe, Thomas Wilke: A new approach for dating introduction events of the quagga mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis). In: Biological Invasions. Online First.
Potamopyrgus antipodarum (New Zealand mud snail)
Sinanodonta woodiana (Chinese pond mussel)

=Annelids=

Ficopomatus enigmaticus (Australian tubeworm){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108338 | title=Ficopomatus enigmaticus (Tubeworm) }}
Lumbricus terrestris (common earthworm){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109385 | title=Lumbricus terrestris }}
Marenzelleria neglecta (red gilled mud worm){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108340 | title=Marenzelleria neglecta (Red gilled mud worm) }}

=Nematodes=

Anguillicoloides crassus (swim bladder worm){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/93709 | title=Anguillicoloides crassus }}
Globodera rostochiensis (yellow potato cyst nematode){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/27034 | title=Globodera rostochiensis (Yellow potato cyst nematode) }}

=Platyhelminthes=

Arthurdendyus triangulatus (New Zealand flatworm)
Australoplana sanguinea (Australian flatworm)
Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Asian tapeworm){{cite web | url=http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/91669 | title=Bothriocephalus acheilognathi }}

Fungi

Clathrus archeri (Berk.) Dring
Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski) Baral, Queloz, Hosoya (ash dieback disease)
Ophiostoma ulmi (Dutch elm disease)

European priorities

Different initiatives have been promoted in order to prioritize species among this long (and ongoing) list. Some examples are:

{{cite journal |title = 100 of the worst invasive species of Europe |series = Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories for Europe (DAISIE) |website = europe-aliens.org |date = 2020 |doi = 10.15468/ybwd3x |url = http://www.europe-aliens.org/default.do |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415000532/http://www.europe-aliens.org/default.do |archive-date=2019-04-15 |df = dmy-all |last1 = Roy |first1 = David |last2 = Alderman |first2 = David |last3 = Anastasiu |first3 = Pauline |last4 = Arianoutsou |first4 = Margarita |last5 = Augustin |first5 = Sylvie |last6 = Bacher |first6 = Sven |last7 = Başnou |first7 = Corina |author8 = Jean-Nicolas Beisel |last9 = Bertolino |first9 = Sandro |last10 = Bonesi |first10 = Laura |last11 = Bretagnolle |first11 = François |last12 = Chapuis |first12 = Jean Louis |last13 = Chauvel |first13 = Bruno |last14 = Chiron |first14 = François |last15 = Clergeau |first15 = Philippe |last16 = Cooper |first16 = Jonathan |last17 = Cunha |first17 = Teresa |last18 = Delipetrou |first18 = Pinelopi |author19 = Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau |last20 = Détaint |first20 = Mathieu |last21 = Devin |first21 = Simon |last22 = Didžiulis |first22 = Viktoras |last23 = Essl |first23 = Franz |last24 = Galil |first24 = Bella S. |last25 = Genovesi |first25 = Piero |last26 = Gherardi |first26 = Francesca |last27 = Gollasch |first27 = Stephan |last28 = Hejda |first28 = Martin |last29 = Hulme |first29 = Philip E. |last30 = Josefsson |first30 = Melanie |display-authors = 1 }}

List of invasive alien species of Union concern — official list pursuant to Article 12(1) of EU Regulation 1143 / 2014 on Invasive Alien Species

References

External links

{{cite web | title=European Alien Species Information Network | website=EASIN | url=http://easin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/easin | publisher=Joint Research Centre | language=en | access-date=2021-10-12}}

Invasive

Invasive species

Europe