Live at Leeds

By the end of the 1960s, particularly after releasing Tommy in May 1969, The Who had become cited by many as one of the best live rock acts in the world. According to biographer Chris Charlesworth, "a sixth sense seemed to take over", leading them to "a kind of rock nirvana that most bands can only dream about".{{sfn|Charlesworth|1995|p=5}} The band were rehearsing and touring regularly, and Townshend had settled on using the Gibson SG Special as his main stage instrument; its lightweight and thin body allowed him to play faster than other guitars.{{sfn|Neill|Kent|2011|p=247}} He began using Hiwatt amplifiers that allowed him to get a variety of tones simply by adjusting the guitar's volume level.{{sfn|Atkins|2000|p=132}}{{efn|Moon normally sang a few backing vocals during this period of the Who's career, particularly on "I Can't Explain", though sound engineer Bob Pridden frequently muted his vocal microphone.{{sfn|Charlesworth|1995|p=7}} This appears to have been done for the Leeds show, with Townshend making light of it before announcing "A Quick One, While He's Away", stating "We do feature normally Keith Moon singing, but today we'll just have to feature him."{{cite AV media |people=Pete Townshend |year=1970 |title=Live at Leeds (1995 CD reissue) |id=527-169-2 |type=CD |time=Track 8, 4:23}}}}

The group were concerned that Tommy had been promoted as "high art" by manager Kit Lambert and thought their stage show stood in equal importance to that album's rock-opera format.{{sfn|Atkins|2000|p=24}} The group returned to England at the end of 1969 with a desire to release a live album from concerts recorded earlier in the US. However, Townshend balked at the prospect of listening to all the accumulated recordings to decide which would make the best album, and, according to Charlesworth, instructed sound engineer Bob Pridden to burn the tapes,{{sfn|Charlesworth|1995|p=5}}{{efn|Townshend later suggested the tapes were indeed burnt in his back garden,{{sfn|Townshend|2012|pp=185–186}} though archive live recordings of the Tommy tour have since been officially released.}} an order Townshend retrospectively called "one of the stupidest decisions of my life."{{sfn|Townshend|2012|p=185}}

Two shows were consequently scheduled, one at the University of Leeds and the other in Hull, for the express purpose of recording and releasing a live album. The Leeds concert was booked and arranged by Simon Brogan, who later became an assistant manager on tour with Jethro Tull.{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/5091660.stm |title=Rockers thrill their generation |author=Mark Simpson |date=18 June 2006 |work=BBC News |access-date=14 December 2012 |archive-date=25 June 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060625213136/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/5091660.stm |url-status=live }} The shows were performed on 14 February 1970 at Leeds and on 15 February at Hull, but technical problems with the recordings from the Hull gig — the bass guitar had not been recorded on some of the songs — made it all the more necessary for the show from the 14th to be released as the album.{{sfn|Charlesworth|1995|p=5}} Townshend subsequently mixed the live tapes, intending to release a double album, but then decided on a single album with six tracks.{{sfn|Atkins|2000|p=129}} The full show opened with Entwistle's "Heaven And Hell" and included most of Tommy, but these were left off the album in place of earlier hits and more obscure material.{{sfn|Harison|2014|pp=96–97}} According to David Hepworth, because there was no microphone pointed towards the audience, crowd noise was a "distant presence, as distant as the traffic outside," making the recording "a faithful account of what the band played and nothing more."{{sfn|Hepworth|2016|p=62}}

File:Leeds University refectory stage circa 2019.jpg

The album opens with "Young Man Blues", an R&B tune that was a standard part of the Who's stage repertoire at the time. It was extended to include an instrumental jam with stop-start sections. "Substitute", a 1966 single for the band, was played similarly to the studio version. "Summertime Blues" was rearranged to include power chords, a key change, and Entwistle singing the authority figure lines (e.g.: "Like to help you son, but you're too young to vote") in a deep-bass voice.{{Cite book |last=Padgett |first=Ray |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/978537907 |title=Cover me : the stories behind the greatest cover songs of all time |date=2017 |isbn=978-1-4549-2250-6 |publisher=Sterling |location=New York |pages=78–85 |oclc=978537907}} "Shakin' All Over" was arranged similar to the original, but the chorus line was slowed down for effect, and there was a jam session in the middle.{{sfn|Atkins|2000|p=130}}

Side two begins with a 15-minute rendition of "My Generation", which was greatly extended to include a medley of other songs and various improvisations. These include a brief extract of "See Me, Feel Me" and the ending of "Sparks" from Tommy, and part of "Naked Eye" that was recorded for the follow-up album Lifehouse (which was ultimately abandoned in favour of Who's Next). The album closes with "Magic Bus", which included Daltrey playing harmonica and an extended ending to the song.{{sfn|Atkins|2000|p=131}}

File:The Rolling Stones - Live'r Than You'll Ever Be original.jpg inspired the cover]]

The original LP was released on 11 May 1970. The cover was designed by Graphreaks with the rubber stamp logo created by Beadrall Sutcliffe. It resembled that of a bootleg LP of the era, parodying the Rolling Stones' Live'r Than You'll Ever Be.{{sfn|Neill|Kent|2011|p=255}} It contains plain brown cardboard with "The Who Live at Leeds" printed on it in plain blue or red block letters as if stamped on with ink (on the original first English pressing of 300, this stamp is black). The original cover opened out, gatefold-style, and had a pocket on either side of the interior, with the record in a paper sleeve on one side and 12 facsimiles of various memorabilia on the other, including a photo of the band from the My Generation photoshoot in March 1965,{{sfn|Neill|Kent|2011|p=76}} handwritten lyrics to the "Listening to You" chorus from Tommy, the typewritten lyrics to "My Generation", with hand written notes, a receipt for smoke bombs, a rejection letter from EMI,{{sfn|Neill|Kent|2011|p=59}} and the early black "Maximum R&B" poster showing Pete Townshend wind-milling his Rickenbacker. The first pressing included a copy of the contract for The Who to play at the Woodstock Festival.{{cite AV media notes|title=Live at Leeds|publisher=Track Records|year=1970|id=2406 001}}

The label was handwritten and included instructions to the engineers not to attempt to remove any crackling noise. This is probably a reference to the clicking and popping on the pre-remastered version (such as in "Shakin' All Over"). Modern digital remastering techniques allowed this to be removed, and also allowed some of the worst-affected tracks from the gig to be used; on CD releases, the label reads, "Crackling noises have been corrected!"{{citation |last=Deskin |first=Scott |title=Leeds album showcases The Who's live improvisation |journal=The Tech |volume=115 |issue=17 |date=11 April 1995 |url=http://tech.mit.edu/V115/N17/thewho.17a.html |access-date=28 May 2016 |archive-date=29 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629235217/http://tech.mit.edu/V115/N17/thewho.17a.html |url-status=live }}

The album was reissued on CD in 1995. It included most of the Leeds concert, missing most of the performance of "Tommy" except for one song.{{cite AV media notes|title=Live at Leeds|id=527 169-2|publisher=Polydor|year=1995}} A further expanded edition of the album was released in 2001, this time with the complete concert, although not in the original running order.

For the 40th anniversary of the concert, a box set was released with the complete show at Leeds, and at Hull the following day. Part of the bass track from the Hull show was missing from the master tape, which was replaced with the performance from the Leeds gig where necessary.{{cite magazine|url=https://www.uncut.co.uk/news/the-who-to-reissue-live-at-leeds-album-46103/|title=The Who to reissue ‘Live At Leeds’ album|work=Uncut|date=6 October 2010|accessdate=21 August 2023|archive-date=21 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230821200040/https://www.uncut.co.uk/news/the-who-to-reissue-live-at-leeds-album-46103/|url-status=live}} In 2017, the album was reissued on heavyweight vinyl, with a replica of the original 1970 LP's packaging.{{cite web|url=https://www.thewho.com/music/live-at-leeds/|title=Live At Leeds|website=thewho.com|accessdate=21 August 2023|archive-date=21 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230821195415/https://www.thewho.com/music/live-at-leeds/|url-status=live}}

{{Music ratings

| rev1 = AllMusic

| rev1Score = {{Rating|5|5}}

| rev2 = Blender

| rev2Score = {{Rating|5|5}}{{cite web |url=http://www.blender.com/guide/reviews.aspx?id=2467 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061019164735/http://www.blender.com/guide/reviews.aspx?id=2467 |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 October 2006 |title=Blender :: guide |date=19 October 2006 |access-date=5 March 2019}}

|rev3 = Christgau's Record Guide

|rev3Score = B{{cite book |last=Christgau |first=Robert |author-link=Robert Christgau |year=1981 |title=Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies |publisher=Ticknor & Fields |isbn=089919026X |chapter=Consumer Guide '70s: W |chapter-url=https://www.robertchristgau.com/get_chap.php?k=W&bk=70 |access-date=9 March 2019 |via=robertchristgau.com |title-link=Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies |archive-date=10 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200510072755/https://www.robertchristgau.com/get_chap.php?k=W&bk=70 |url-status=live }}

| rev4 = The Encyclopedia of Popular Music

| rev4Score = {{Rating|5|5}}{{cite book|last=Larkin|first=Colin|author-link=Colin Larkin|title=The Encyclopedia of Popular Music|year=2007|publisher=Oxford University Press|edition=4th|isbn=978-0195313734|title-link=The Encyclopedia of Popular Music}}

| rev5 = Entertainment Weekly

| rev5Score = A+

| rev6 = Mojo

| rev6Score = {{Rating|5|5}}

| rev8 = Q

| rev8Score = {{Rating|4|5}}

| rev9 = The Rolling Stone Album Guide

| rev9Score = {{Rating|5|5}}{{cite book |page=[https://archive.org/details/newrollingstonea00brac/page/871 871] |author=Kemp, Mark |editor1-first=Nathan |editor1-last=Brackett |editor1-link=Nathan Brackett |editor2-first=Christian |editor2-last=Hoard |title=The New Rolling Stone Album Guide |edition=4th |publisher=Simon & Schuster |year=2004 |isbn=0-7432-0169-8 |display-authors=etal |author-link=Mark Kemp |title-link=The Rolling Stone Album Guide }}

| rev10 = Uncut

| rev10Score = {{Rating|4|5}}

}}

In a review for The New York Times, music critic Nik Cohn praised Live at Leeds as "the definitive hard-rock holocaust" and "the best live rock album ever made". Jonathan Eisen of Circus magazine felt that it flowed better than Tommy and that not since that album had there been one "quite so incredibly heavy, so inspired with the kind of kinetic energy that The Who have managed to harness here."{{cite magazine |title=Live at Leeds|magazine=Circus |last=Eisen |first=Jonathan |date=July 1970}} Greil Marcus, writing in Rolling Stone, was less enthusiastic and said that, while Townshend's packaging for the album was "a tour-de-force of the rock and roll imagination", the music was dated and uneventful. He felt that Live at Leeds functioned simply as a document of "the formal commercial end of the first great stage of [The Who's] great career."{{cite magazine |last=Marcus |first=Greil |author-link=Greil Marcus |date=9 July 1970 |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/live-at-leeds-19700709 |title=Live at Leeds |magazine=Rolling Stone |access-date=2 July 2013 |archive-date=8 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208031409/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/live-at-leeds-19700709 |url-status=live }}

In Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981), Robert Christgau asserted that, although side one was valuable for the live covers and "Substitute", "My Generation" and the "uncool-at-any-length" "Magic Bus" were not an improvement over their "raw" album versions. In a retrospective review for AllMusic, Bruce Eder felt that the album was seen as a model of excellence for live rock and roll during the 1970s; that it was The Who's best up to that point, and that there was "certainly no better record of how this band was a volcano of violence on-stage, teetering on the edge of chaos but never blowing apart."{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/live-at-leeds-mw0000014217 |title=Live at Leeds – The Who |publisher=AllMusic |access-date=2 July 2013 |last=Eder |first=Bruce |archive-date=11 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120711231857/http://www.allmusic.com/album/live-at-leeds-mw0000014217 |url-status=live }} In a review of its 1995 CD reissue, Tom Sinclair of Entertainment Weekly asserted that it showed why The Who were important: "Few bands ever moved a mountain of sound around with this much dexterity and power."{{cite magazine |url=https://ew.com/article/1995/02/17/live-leeds/ |access-date=2 July 2013 |title=Live at Leeds Review |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |issue=262 |date=17 February 1995 |last=Sinclair |first=Tom |archive-date=3 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103050453/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,296121,00.html |url-status=live }} Mojo magazine wrote that "the future for rock as it became, in all its pomp and circumstance, began right here."{{cite web |url=http://www.rakuten.com/prod/live-at-leeds/60141610.html |title=Live at Leeds |publisher=Rakuten.com. Muze |access-date=2 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103061352/http://www.rakuten.com/prod/live-at-leeds/60141610.html |archive-date=3 November 2014 |url-status=dead}} Steven Hyden, writing for PopMatters, said that it was "not only the best live rock 'n' roll album ever, but the best rock album period." Roy Carr of Classic Rock, reviewing the 2010 reissue, remarked how the new Live at Hull section "is noticeably more tight, more focused and even more aggressive" than the original recording, concluding that "we now have the two greatest live rock albums...ever."

Who biographer Dave Marsh has praised the album as "so molten with energy at times it resembles the heavy metal of Deep Purple and the atomic blues of Led Zeppelin ..... absolutely non-stop hard rock".{{sfn|Marsh|1983|p=359}}

File:The Who Plaque at University Leeds.jpg at the University of Leeds commemorating the album]]

Live at Leeds has been cited as the best live rock recording of all time by The Daily Telegraph,{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3653281/Hope-I-dont-have-a-heart-attack.html |title=Hope I don't have a heart attack |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |date=22 June 2006 |access-date=3 January 2007 |archive-date=10 January 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110040104/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3653281/Hope-I-dont-have-a-heart-attack.html |url-status=live }} The Independent,{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/live-at-leeds-whos-best-481358.html |title=Live at Leeds: Who's best... |newspaper=The Independent |date=7 June 2006 |access-date=3 January 2007 |archive-date=16 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090116173915/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/live-at-leeds-whos-best-481358.html |url-status=live }} the BBC,{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/leeds/content/articles/2005/09/02/music_the_who_live_in_leeds_feature.shtml |title=The Who: Live at Leeds |publisher=BBC Leeds |date=18 August 2006 |access-date=3 January 2007 |archive-date=16 December 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061216044313/http://www.bbc.co.uk/leeds/content/articles/2005/09/02/music_the_who_live_in_leeds_feature.shtml |url-status=live }} Q magazine,{{cite news |url=http://reporter.leeds.ac.uk/press_releases/current/live_at_leeds.htm |title=Live at Leeds – again |publisher=Leeds University |date=6 June 2006 |access-date=25 August 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070502042421/http://reporter.leeds.ac.uk/press_releases/current/live_at_leeds.htm |archive-date=2 May 2007 |url-status=dead}} and Rolling Stone.{{cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-20120531/the-who-live-at-leeds-20120524 |title=The Who – Live at Leeds |magazine=Rolling Stone |date=1 November 2003 |access-date=28 October 2013 |archive-date=30 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430114556/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-20120531/the-who-live-at-leeds-20120524 |url-status=live }} In 2003, it was ranked number 170 on Rolling Stone{{'}}s list of the 500 greatest albums of all time,{{cite magazine |title=The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time |magazine=Rolling Stone |page=136 |date=11 December 2003}} maintaining the rating in a 2012 revised list,{{cite magazine| url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-156826/the-who-live-at-leeds-156087/| year=2012| title=500 Greatest Albums of All Time Rolling Stone's definitive list of the 500 greatest albums of all time| magazine=Rolling Stone| access-date=18 September 2019| archive-date=24 September 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924181656/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-156826/the-who-live-at-leeds-156087/| url-status=live}} and dropping to number 327 in 2020.{{Cite magazine|date=22 September 2020|title=The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-albums-of-all-time-1062063/|access-date=19 July 2021|magazine=Rolling Stone|archive-date=22 September 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200922150118/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/best-albums-of-all-time-1062063/roberta-flack-first-take-1062782/|url-status=live}} A Rolling Stone readers' poll in 2012 ranked it the best live album of all time.{{cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/readers-poll-the-10-best-live-albums-of-all-time-18920/ |title=Readers' Poll: The 10 Best Live Albums of All Time |first1=Rolling |last1=Stone |date=21 November 2012 |magazine=Rolling Stone |access-date=5 March 2019 |archive-date=6 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044746/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/readers-poll-the-10-best-live-albums-of-all-time-18920/ |url-status=live }} It was ranked number 356 in Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums.{{cite book|title=All Time Top 1000 Albums|editor=Colin Larkin|editor-link=Colin Larkin (writer)|publisher=Virgin Books|date=2000|edition=3rd|isbn=0-7535-0493-6|page=139}}

A commemorative blue plaque has been placed at the campus at which it was recorded, the University of Leeds Refectory. On 17 June 2006, over 36 years after the original concert, The Who returned to perform at the Refectory, at a gig organised by Andy Kershaw. Kershaw hailed it as "among the most magnificent I have ever seen".{{cite web |url=http://www.leeds.ac.uk/thewholiveatleeds/ |title=The Who Live at Leeds |publisher=University of Leeds |access-date=9 November 2012 |archive-date=2 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202065457/http://www.leeds.ac.uk/thewholiveatleeds/ |url-status=live }}

"Even today, Live at Leeds sounds so alive," remarked Rush bassist Geddy Lee. "It's a real piece of that period of rock. It's like a bootleg: the artwork, the tone… It was raw."{{cite magazine|title=Live albums|magazine=Classic Rock supplement: The Live Albums That Changed The World|date=December 2011|page=5}}

{{clear}}

All songs written by Pete Townshend, except where noted.

Side one

1. "Young Man Blues" (Mose Allison){{snd}}4:52
2. "Substitute"{{snd}}2:23
3. "Summertime Blues" (Jerry Capehart, Eddie Cochran){{snd}}3:27
4. "Shakin' All Over" (Johnny Kidd){{snd}}4:24

Side two

1. "My Generation"{{snd}}14:47
2. "Magic Bus"{{snd}}7:50

• Roger Daltrey – lead vocals, harmonica
• Pete Townshend – guitar, backing and lead vocals
• John Entwistle – bass, backing and lead vocals
• Keith Moon – drums, backing vocals

{{Certification Table Top}}

{{Certification Table Entry|type=album|relyear=1970|region=Canada|artist=The Who|title=Live at Leeds|certyear=1973|award=Gold|certref={{cite web|url=https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/16808/lot/498/|date=5 March 2023|title=An MCA Records (Canada) Gold Award for the album Live at Leeds|access-date=6 March 2023|archive-date=6 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306004142/https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/16808/lot/498/|url-status=live}}}}

{{Certification Table Entry|region=United Kingdom|title=Live at Leeds|artist=The Who|type=album|award=Gold|id=9509-1463-2}}

{{Certification Table Entry|region=United States|title=Live at Leeds|artist=The Who|type=album|award=Platinum|number=2}}

{{Certification Table Bottom | nosales=true}}

{{notelist}}

;Citations

{{Reflist}}

;Sources

{{refbegin}}

• {{cite book |title=The Who on Record: A Critical History, 1963–1998 |first=John |last=Atkins |publisher=McFarland |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-786-4-0609-8}}
• {{cite AV media notes |title=Live At Leeds (1995 CD reissue) |others=The Who |year=1995 |first=Chris |last=Charlesworth |type=CD |publisher=Polydor |id=527-169-2 |location=UK}}
• {{cite book |title=Feedback: The Who and Their Generation |first=Casey |last=Harison |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-442-24010-0 }}
• {{cite book|last=Hepworth|first=David|title=Never a Dull Moment: 1971 - The Year That Rock Exploded|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k3_tCgAAQBAJ|place=New York|publisher=Henry Holt and Company|year=2016|pages=35–36|isbn=9781627793995|access-date=8 October 2019|archive-date=16 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916122353/https://books.google.com/books?id=k3_tCgAAQBAJ|url-status=live}}
• {{cite book |first=Dave |last=Marsh |author-link=Dave Marsh |title=Before I Get Old: The Story of The Who |publisher=Plexus |isbn=978-0-85965-083-0 |year=1983 }}
• {{cite book |title=Anyway Anyhow Anywhere: The Complete Chronicle of the Who 1958-1978 |first1=Andy |last1=Neill |first2=Matt |last2=Kent |publisher=Random House |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-753-54797-7}}
• {{cite book |title=Who I Am: A Memoir |first=Pete |last=Townshend |publisher=HarperCollins |location=New York |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-062-12726-6}}

{{refend}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120614154457/http://www.radio3net.ro/dbartists/supersearch/TGl2ZSBhdCBMZWVkcw==/Live%20at%20Leeds Live at Leeds] (Adobe Flash) at Radio3Net (streamed copy where licensed)
• [http://www.myspace.com/thewho/music/albums/live-at-leeds-25th-anniversary-edition-11603320 Live At Leeds (25th Anniversary Edition)] (Adobe Flash) at Myspace (streamed copy where licensed)
• {{Discogs master|type=album|68451}}

{{The Who}}

{{Tommy}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Live At Leeds}}

Category:1970 live albums

Category:Albums produced by Kit Lambert

Category:Albums produced by Jon Astley

Category:The Who live albums

Category:Decca Records live albums

Category:MCA Records live albums

Category:Polydor Records live albums

Category:Track Records live albums

Category:Albums produced by Pete Townshend

Category:Albums produced by John Entwistle

Category:Albums produced by Keith Moon

Category:Albums produced by Roger Daltrey

Category:Tommy (rock opera)