Lockheed Martin A2100
{{Short description|Satellite bus}}
The A2100 is a model of communications satellite spacecraft made by Lockheed Martin Space Systems. It is used as the foundation for telecommunications payloads in geosynchronous orbit, as well as GOES-R weather satellites and GPS Block IIIA satellites. Over 40 satellites use the A2100 bus.[http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/100years/stories/a2100.html "Lockheed Martin: A2100"]{{Cite web|date=2017-08-11|title=Lockheed Martin's A2100 bus modernized and poised for new missions|url=https://www.spaceflightinsider.com/organizations/lockheed-martin-organizations/lockheed-martin-a2100-bus-modernized-poised-new-missions/|access-date=2021-06-14|website=SpaceFlight Insider|language=en-US}}
History
The first satellite, AMC-1, was launched September 8, 1996, and has achieved 15-year on-orbit service life.{{Cite web|title=First Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Communications Satellite Marks 15 Years of On-Orbit Operations|url=https://news.lockheedmartin.com/2011-09-08-First-Lockheed-Martin-Built-A2100-Communications-Satellite-Marks-15-Years-of-On-Orbit-Operations|access-date=2021-06-14|website=Media - Lockheed Martin|language=en-us}}{{cite web|date=September 21, 2011|title=First Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Communications Satellite Marks 15 Years of On-Orbit Operations|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-268147969.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140610052229/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-268147969.html|archive-date=June 10, 2014|publisher=Defense & Aerospace Week |via=HighBeam|accessdate=November 12, 2013}} Since 1996 there have been over 45 of the A2100 based satellites launched, with over 400 years of total on-orbit service.[http://www.satellitetoday.com/publications/press-releases/2013/09/03/lockheed-martin-built-a2100-satellites-over-400-cumulative-years-in-orbit-and-counting/ "Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Satellites: Over 400 Cumulative Years In Orbit And Counting"]
Other A2100 spacecraft include JCSAT-13 and VINASAT-2, which were launched May, 2012 on an Ariane 5 rocket,[http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2012/05/ariane-5-eca-jcsat-13-and-vinasat-2-into-orbit/ "Ariane 5 ECA launches JCSAT-13 and VINASAT-2 into orbit"] as well as Arabsat-6A and Hellas Sat 4/SaudiGeoSat-1 of Saudi Arabia's Arabsat-6G program.[https://news.lockheedmartin.com/2018-02-20-Lockheed-Martin-Completes-Assembly-on-Arabsats-Newest-Communications-Satellite Lockheed Martin Completes Assembly on Arabsat's Newest Communications Satellite]. Lockheed Martin. 20 February 2018.
In 2002, Lockheed Martin Commercial Space Systems was given a Frost and Sullivan Satellite Reliability Award for excellence in the production of flexible and reliable communications satellites used in geosynchronous Earth orbit.[http://www.frost.com/prod/servlet/press-release.pag?Src=RSS&docid=3434349 "Frost & Sullivan Award]
A2100 customers includes communications companies around the world, including Astra, Telesat, SKY Perfect JSAT Group and others.
Design
The Lockheed Martin A2100 geosynchronous spacecraft series is designed for a variety of telecommunications needs including Ka band broadband and broadcast services, fixed satellite services in C-band and Ku band payload configurations, high-power direct broadcast services using the Ku band frequency spectrum, and mobile satellite services using UHF, L-band and S-band payloads.[http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/products/a2100.html "Lockheed Martin: A2100"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930105242/http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/products/a2100.html |date=2013-09-30 }}
The A2100 satellite system was developed by the Astro Space team at its East Windsor, New Jersey facility, with team members delivering a flexible common bus with fewer components, lower spacecraft weight, and reduced customer delivery time.[http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/100years/stories/a2100.html "A2100 History"]
The A2100 is being supplanted by the LM2100, an evolutionary upgrade with several new features. The military version is the LM2100 Combat Bus.{{Citation|last=McKinnon|first=Douglas V.|title=Lockheed Martin's A2100 Spacecraft Bus Modernization|url=https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/6.2016-5724|work=34th AIAA International Communications Satellite Systems Conference|date=2016 |publisher=American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics|doi=10.2514/6.2016-5724|isbn=978-1-62410-457-2 |access-date=2021-06-14}}{{Cite web|last=Hitchens|first=Theresa|date=2021-05-17|title=New SBIRS Sat Creates Bridge To Next-Gen Missile Warning|url=https://breakingdefense.com/2021/05/new-sbirs-sat-creates-bridge-to-next-gen-missile-warning/|access-date=2021-06-14|website=Breaking Defense|language=en-US}}
=Propulsion system=
The attitude control system includes reaction wheels,[http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/gps-iii-military-satellite/ "Global Positioning System III overview and contractors"] with momentum desaturation and main motor maneuver attitude control propulsion provided by small monopropellant hydrazine motors. This hydrazine supply is contained in a central propellant tank of 0.90 m diameter and up to 2.00 m length depending on the customer's requirements.[http://psi-pci.com/Data_Sheets_Library/DS395.pdf "ATK SSI P/N 80395-1 Datasheet"]
This tank's maximum length was later increased to 2.55 m.[http://psi-pci.com/Data_Sheets_Library/DS443.pdf "ATK SSI P/N 80443-1]
The liquid apogee engine uses hydrazine fuel from the central tank along with nitrogen tetroxide oxidizer from two flanking tanks of 0.54 m diameter and up to 1.65 m long.[http://psi-pci.com/Data_Sheets_Library/DS405.pdf "ATK SSI P/N 80405-1 Datasheet"]
Orbit maintenance is performed by the small hydrazine motors and ion thrusters.[http://www.satellitetoday.com/publications/press-releases/2013/09/03/lockheed-martin-built-a2100-satellites-over-400-cumulative-years-in-orbit-and-counting/ "Lockheed Martin-Built A2100 Satellites: Over 400 Cumulative Years In Orbit And Counting"]
The maximum propellant supply (with the largest tanks at 95% fill factor) are 1368 kg of hydrazine fuel and 627 kg of nitrogen tetroxide oxidizer.
According to Moog-ISP, the A2100 platform uses its LEROS bipropellant Liquid Apogee Engine.
Satellite orders
=A2100A=
| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"} |
| Satellite
! Country ! Operator ! Type ! Coverage ! Launch date (UTC) ! Rocket !width="200pt"| Changes ! Status |
|---|
| GE-1
|United States |Television broadcasting |24 C-band, 24 Ku-band |{{nowrap|8 September 1996}} |Known as AMC 1 |Active |
| GE-2
|United States |Television broadcasting |24 C-band, 24 Ku-band |{{nowrap|30 January 1997}} |Known as AMC 2 |Retired |
| GE-3
|United States |Television broadcasting |24 C-band, 24 Ku-band |{{nowrap|4 September 1997}} |Known as Eagle 1 |Active |
| GE-7
|United States |Television broadcasting |24 C-band |{{nowrap|14 September 2000}} |Known as AMC 7 |Retired |
| GE-8
|United States |Television broadcasting |24 C-band |{{nowrap|20 December 2000}} |Known as AMC 8 (Aurora 3) |Active |
| GE-10
|United States |Television broadcasting |24 C-band |{{nowrap|5 February 2004}} | |Retired |
| GE-11
|United States |Television broadcasting |24 C-band |{{nowrap|19 May 2004}} | |Active |
| GE-18
|United States |Television broadcasting |24 C-band |{{nowrap|19 May 2004}} | |Active |
| BSAT-3a
|Japan |Television broadcasting |12 Ku-band |{{nowrap|14 August 2007}} | |Active |
| BSAT-3b
|Japan |Television broadcasting |12 Ku-band |{{nowrap|28 October 2010}} | |Active |
| BSAT-3c
|Japan |Television broadcasting |24 Ku-band |{{nowrap|6 August 2011}} | |Active |
| GOES-R
|United States |NOAA |Meteorology | |{{nowrap|19 November 2016}} |Known as GOES 16 |Active |
| GOES-S
|United States |NOAA |Meteorology | |{{nowrap|1 March 2018}} |Known as GOES 17 |Active |
| GOES-T
|United States |NOAA |Meteorology | |{{nowrap|1 March 2022}} |Known as GOES 18 |Active |
| GOES-U
|United States |NOAA |Meteorology | |{{nowrap|25 June 2024}} |Known as GOES 19 |Active |
| ABS-7
|Bermuda |ABS |Television broadcasting |24 Ku-band, 6 Ka-band |{{nowrap|4 September 1999}} |Known as ABS 7 |Inclined |
| Nemesis 1
|United States |National Reconnaissance Office |SIGINT, COMINT | |{{nowrap|8 September 2009}} |Known as PAN, PAN360, USA 207 |Active |
| Nemesis 2
|United States |National Reconnaissance Office |SIGINT, COMINT | |{{nowrap|17 September 2014}} |Known as CLIO, USA 257 |Active |
| Telkom 1
|Indonesia |Communications |24 C-band |{{nowrap|12 August 1999}} | |Retired |
| Vinasat-1
|Vietnam |VNPT |Communications |8 C-band, 12 Ku-band |{{nowrap|18 April 2008}} | |Active |
| Vinasat-2
|Vietnam |VNPT |Communications |24 Ku-band |{{nowrap|15 May 2012}} | |Active |
| Zhongwei 1
|China |China Satcom |Communications |18 C-band, 20 Ku-band |{{nowrap|30 May 1998}} |Known as APStar 9A |Retired |
=A2100AX=
| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"} |
| Satellite
! Country ! Operator ! Type ! Coverage ! Launch date (UTC) ! Rocket !width="200pt"| Changes ! Status |
|---|
| EchoStar 3
|United States |Television broadcasting |32 Ku-band |{{nowrap|5 October 1997}} | |Retired |
| EchoStar 4
|United States |Television broadcasting |32 Ku-band |{{nowrap|7 May 1998}} |Proton-K Blok-DM3 | |Retired |
| EchoStar 7
|United States |Television broadcasting |32 Ku-band |{{nowrap|7 May 1998}} | |Retired |
| GE 1A
|United States |Communications |28 Ku-band |{{nowrap|1 October 2000}} |Proton-K Blok-DM3 |Known as NSS 11 |Active |
| GE 4
|United States |Television broadcasting & satellite internet |24 C-band, 24 Ku-band |{{nowrap|13 November 1999}} |Known as AMC 4 |Active |
| GE 6
|United States |Television broadcasting & satellite internet |24 C-band, 24 Ku-band |{{nowrap|21 October 2000}} |Proton-K Blok-DM3 |Known as AMC 6 (Rainbow 2) |Active |
| LMI 1
|Bermuda |ABS |Television broadcasting & satellite internet |28 C-band, 16 Ku-band |{{nowrap|26 September 1999}} |Proton-K Blok-DM3 |Known as ABS 6 |Active |
| Nimiq 1
|Canada |Satellite internet |32 Ku-band |{{nowrap|20 May 1999}} |Proton-K Blok-DM3 | |Active |
| Nimiq 2
|Canada |Satellite internet |32 Ku-band |{{nowrap|29 December 2002}} | |Active |
| N-SAT 110
|Japan |Satellite internet |24 Ku-band |{{nowrap|6 October 2000}} |Known as Superbird 5 |Retired |
=A2100AXS=
| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"} |
| Satellite
! Country ! Operator ! Type ! Coverage ! Launch date (UTC) ! Rocket !width="200pt"| Changes ! Status |
|---|
| AMC-14
|United States |Television broadcasting |32 Ku-band |{{nowrap|14 March 2008}} |Proton-M Phase 1 | |Active |
| AMC-15
|United States |Television broadcasting |24 Ku-band, 12 Ka-band |{{nowrap|14 October 2004}} |Proton-M Phase 1 | |Active |
| AMC-16
|United States |Television broadcasting |24 Ku-band, 12 Ka-band |{{nowrap|14 October 2004}} |Proton-M Phase 1 | |Retired |
| Astra 1KR
|Luxembourg |SES |Television broadcasting |32 Ku-band |{{nowrap|20 April 2006}} | |Active |
| Astra 1L
|Luxembourg |SES |Television broadcasting |29 Ku-band, 2 Ka-band |{{nowrap|4 May 2007}} | |Active |
| EchoStar 10
|United States |Television broadcasting |42 Ku-band |{{nowrap|15 February 2006}} | |Active |
| JCSat 9
|Japan |Communications |20 C-band, 20 Ku-band, 1 S-band |{{nowrap|12 April 2006}} |Known as JCSat 5A |Active |
| JCSat 10
|Japan |Communications |12 C-band, 30 Ku-band |{{nowrap|11 August 2006}} |Known as JCSat 3A |Active |
| JCSAT-11
|Japan |Communications |12 C-band, 30 Ku-band |{{nowrap|5 September 2007}} |Proton-M Phase 1 | |Launch failure |
| JCSat 12
|Japan |Communications |12 C-band, 30 Ku-band |{{nowrap|21 August 2008}} |Known as JCSat RA |Active |
| JCSat 13
|Japan |Communications |44 Ku-band |{{nowrap|15 May 2012}} |Known as JCSat 4B |Active |
| NSS-6
|Netherlands |SES |Satellite internet |50 Ku-band |{{nowrap|17 December 2002}} | |Active |
| NSS-7
|Netherlands |SES |Satellite internet |36 C-band, 36 Ku-band |{{nowrap|16 April 2002}} | |Retired |
| Rainbow-1
|United States |Television broadcasting |36 Ku-band |{{nowrap|17 July 2003}} |Known as EchoStar 12 |Retired |
| Sirius 4 (Astra 4A)
|Sweden |Communications |52 Ku-band, 2 Ka-band |{{nowrap|17 November 2007}} |Proton-M Phase 1 | |Active |
| Garuda 1
|Indonesia |Asoa Cellular Satellite |Mobile communications |88 L-band |{{nowrap|12 February 2000}} |Proton-K Blok-DM3 | |Active |
=A2100M (Military)=
| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"} |
| Satellite
! Country ! Operator ! Type ! Coverage ! Launch date (UTC) ! Rocket !width="200pt"| Changes ! Status |
|---|
| AEHF 1
|United States |Military communications | |{{nowrap|14 August 2010}} |Known as USA 214 |Active |
| AEHF 2
|United States |Military communications | |{{nowrap|4 May 2012}} |Known as USA 235 |Active |
| AEHF 3
|United States |Military communications | |{{nowrap|18 September 2013}} |Known as USA 246 |Active |
| AEHF 4
|United States |Military communications | |{{nowrap|17 October 2018}} |Known as USA 288 |Active |
| AEHF 5
|United States |Military communications | |{{nowrap|8 August 2019}} |Known as USA 292 |Active |
| AEHF 6
|United States |Military communications | |{{nowrap|26 March 2020}} |Known as USA 298 |Active |
| MUOS 1
|United States |Military communications | |{{nowrap|24 February 2012}} | |Active |
| MUOS 2
|United States |Military communications | |{{nowrap|19 July 2013}} | |Active |
| MUOS 3
|United States |Military communications | |{{nowrap|21 January 2015}} | |Active |
| MUOS 4
|United States |Military communications | |{{nowrap|2 September 2015}} | |Active |
| MUOS 5
|United States |Military communications | |{{nowrap|24 June 2016}} | |Active |
| GPS-3 1
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|23 December 2016}} |Known as Navstar 77, USA 289, Vespucci |Active |
| GPS-3 2
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|22 August 2019}} |Known as Navstar 78, USA 293, Magellan |Active |
| GPS-3 3
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|30 June 2020}} |Known as Navstar 79, USA 304, Columbus |Active |
| GPS-3 4
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|5 November 2020}} |Known as Navstar 80, USA 309, Sacagawea |Active |
| GPS-3 5
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|17 June 2021}} |Known as Navstar 81, USA 320, Neil Armstrong |Active |
| GPS-3 6
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|18 January 2023}} |Known as Navstar 82, USA 343, Amelia Earhart |Active |
| GPS-3 7
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|2024}} | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3 8
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3 9
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3 10
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | |Awaiting launch |
| SBIRS GEO 1
|United States |Early warning |2 SBIRS sensors |{{nowrap|7 May 2011}} |Known as USA 230 |Active |
| SBIRS GEO 2
|United States |Early warning |2 SBIRS sensors |{{nowrap|19 March 2013}} |Known as USA 241 |Active |
| SBIRS GEO 3
|United States |Early warning |2 SBIRS sensors |{{nowrap|21 January 2017}} |Known as USA 273 |Active |
| SBIRS GEO 4
|United States |Early warning |2 SBIRS sensors |{{nowrap|20 January 2018}} |Known as USA 282 |Active |
=LM2100 (Modernized)=
| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"} |
| Satellite
! Country ! Operator ! Type ! Coverage ! Launch date (UTC) ! Rocket !width="200pt"| Changes ! Status |
|---|
| Arabsat-6A
|Saudi Arabia |Communications | |{{nowrap|11 April 2019}} | |Active |
| SaudiGeoSat-1/HellasSat-4
|Saudi Arabia, Greece |Communications |Ku-band, Ka-band |{{nowrap|5 February 2019}} | |Active |
| JCSAT-17
|Japan |Mobile communications |S-band |{{nowrap|18 February 2020}} | |Active |
=LM2100M (Modernized Military)=
| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"} |
| Satellite
! Country ! Operator ! Type ! Coverage ! Launch date (UTC) ! Rocket !width="200pt"| Changes ! Status |
|---|
| NG-OPIR-GEO 1
|United States |Early warning |2 NG-OPIR sensors |{{nowrap|2025}} | |Awaiting launch |
| NG-OPIR-GEO 2
|United States |Early warning |2 NG-OPIR sensors |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| NG-OPIR-GEO 3
|United States |Early warning |2 NG-OPIR sensors |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 1
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|2026}} | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 2
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 3
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 4
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 5
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 6
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 7
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 8
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 9
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 10
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 11
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 12
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 13
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 14
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 15
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 16
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 17
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 18
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 19
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 20
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 21
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| GPS-3F 22
|United States |Navigation | |{{nowrap|202x}} | | |Awaiting launch |
| SBIRS GEO 5
|United States |Early warning |2 SBIRS sensors |{{nowrap|18 May 2021}} |Known as USA 315 |Active |
| SBIRS GEO 6
|United States |Early warning |2 SBIRS sensors |{{nowrap|4 August 2022}} | |Active |
Cancelled orders
| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"} |
| Satellite
! Country ! Operator ! Type ! Coverage |
|---|
| GE-9
|United States |Television broadcasting |24 C-band |
| Jabiru 1
|Australia |NewSat Corporation |Communications |50 Ka-band, 18 Ku-band, 1 S-band |
| Rainbow KA-1
|United States |Television broadcasting |Ka-band |
| Rainbow KA-2
|United States |Television broadcasting |Ka-band |
| Rainbow KA-3
|United States |Television broadcasting |Ka-band |
| Rainbow KA-4
|United States |Television broadcasting |Ka-band |
| Rainbow KA-5
|United States |Television broadcasting |Ka-band |
| Agrani 1
|India |Agrani |Mobile communications | |
| Garuda 2
|Indonesia |Asia Cellular Satellite |Mobile communications |88 L-band |
| Astrolink 1
|United States |Mobile communications |Ka-band |
| Astrolink 2
|United States |Mobile communications |Ka-band |
| Astrolink 3
|United States |Mobile communications |Ka-band |
| Astrolink 4
|United States |Mobile communications |Ka-band |
| |SBIRS GEO 7
|United States |Early warning |2 SBIRS sensors |
| |SBIRS GEO 8
|United States |Early warning |2 SBIRS sensors |