Mahoning Valley#Combined statistical area
{{About|the metropolitan area|the geographic area|Mahoning Valley (geographic)}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Mahoning Valley
| other_name = Youngstown–Warren, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area
| motto =
| settlement_type = Metropolitan Statistical Area
| image_skyline = Youngstown skyline Wean Park.jpg
| image_alt =
| imagesize = 300px
| image_caption = Downtown Youngstown as viewed from Wean Park
| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=290|frame-height=290|zoom=8|frame-coord={{coord|41.02|-80.77}}
| type1=shape|id1=Q485502|title1=Mahoning County|stroke-color1=#720000|stroke-width1=0.5|fill1=#720000|fill-opacity1=0.4
| type2=shape|id2=Q336229|title2=Trumbull County|stroke-color2=#720000|stroke-width2=0.5|fill2=#720000|fill-opacity2=0.4
| type3=shape|id3=Q421960|title3=Columbiana County|stroke-color3=#BD00C8|stroke-width3=0.5|fill3=#BD00C8|fill-opacity3=0.4
| type4=shape|id4=Q216820|title4=City of Youngstown|stroke-color4=#007272|stroke-width4=0.5|fill4=#007272|fill-opacity4=0.4
| type5=shape|id5=Q862733|title5=City of Warren|stroke-color5=#697100|stroke-width5=0.5|fill5=#697100|fill-opacity5=0.4
}}
| map_caption = Map of Youngstown–Warren–Salem, OH CSA
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-break}}
{{leftlegend|#C39290|Youngstown–Warren MSA}}
{{leftlegend|#DB8FD9|Salem µSA}}
{{leftlegend|#007272|City of Youngstown}}
{{leftlegend|#697100|City of Warren}}
{{Col-end}}
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = United States
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = Ohio
| subdivision_type2 = Largest city
| subdivision_name2 = Youngstown
| subdivision_type3 = Other cities
| subdivision_name3 = Boardman
Warren
Austintown
Niles
Salem
East Liverpool
| established_title =
| established_date =
| government_type =
| government_footnotes =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_total_sq_mi =
| area_land_km2 =
| area_land_sq_mi =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_sq_mi =
| area_water_percent =
| area_urban_km2 =
| area_blank1_title =
| area_blank2_title =
| area_blank2_sq_mi =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 200–915
| elevation_ft = 660–3001
| population_footnotes =
| population_total =
| population_as_of = 2020{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html |title=2020 Population and Housing State Data |publisher=United States Census Bureau, Population Division |date=August 12, 2021 |access-date=August 14, 2021}}
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_urban = 320,901 (US: 127th){{cite web |url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/12/29/2022-28286/2020-census-qualifying-urban-areas-and-final-criteria-clarifications|title=2020 Census Qualifying Urban Areas and Final Criteria Clarifications|author=United States Census Bureau|website=Federal Register|date=December 29, 2022}}
| population_density_urban_km2 = 632.3
| population_density_urban_sq_mi = 1,637.6
| population_metro = 430,591 (US: 125th)
| population_blank1_title = CSA
| population_blank1 = 532,468 (US: 87th)
|demographics_type2 = GDP
| demographics2_footnotes = {{Cite web|title=Total Gross Domestic Product for Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA (MSA) |url=https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/NGMP49660|work=Federal Reserve Economic Data |publisher=Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis}}
|demographics2_title1 = Metro
|demographics2_info1 = $24.990 billion (2022)
| timezone = EST
| utc_offset = −5
| timezone_DST = EDT
| utc_offset_DST = −4
| postal_code_type = ZIP codes
| postal_code = 4xxxx
| area_code = 330, 234
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
The Youngstown–Warren, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area, typically known as the Mahoning Valley, is a metropolitan area in Northeast Ohio with Youngstown, Ohio, at its center. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the metropolitan statistical area (MSA) includes Mahoning and Trumbull counties.{{Cite web |date=July 21, 2023 |title=OMB Bulletin No. 23-01: Revised Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Combined Statistical Areas, and Guidance on Uses of the Delineations of These Areas |url=https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/OMB-Bulletin-23-01.pdf |website=United States Office of Management and Budget}} As of the 2020 census, the region had a population of 430,591, making it the 125th-largest metro area in the country.
Taking its name from the Mahoning River, the area has a large commuter population that works in Cleveland and Pittsburgh and their metropolitan areas. It is located in the Rust Belt, the former industrial region of the northern United States. The Youngstown–Warren–Salem combined statistical area adds the Salem micropolitan area and Columbiana County, Ohio to the region, increasing the total population to 532,468.{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/metro/tables/2009/CBSA-EST2009-02.csv |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100420062311/http://www.census.gov/popest/metro/tables/2009/CBSA-EST2009-02.csv |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 20, 2010 |title=Table 2. Annual Estimates of the Population of Combined Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2009 (CBSA-EST2009-02) |format=CSV |work=2009 Population Estimates |publisher=United States Census Bureau, Population Division |date=2010-03-23 |access-date=2010-03-30 }} The Youngstown–Warren media market serves all three counties in the CSA, as well as the Mercer County, Pennsylvania and Lawrence County, Pennsylvania.
Steel industry
Although steel has been produced in the Mahoning Valley since the mid-1800s, after the Civil War, the valley was primarily known for its iron production. Conversion to steel manufacturing began during the economic depression of the 1890s.{{cite web|title=Ohio: Rise and Fall of the Steel Industry in the Mahoning Valley|work=(Local Legacies: Celebrating Community Roots – Library of Congress) |access-date=2014-03-03 |url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/legacies/OH/200003429.html}} The Mahoning Valley is suitable for steel manufacture because of "its proximity to the Lake Erie ports that receive iron ore…the coal fields of Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia; and to limestone deposits."{{cite web|title=Mahoning Valley|publisher=Ohio Turnpike and Infrastructure Commission|access-date=2014-03-03|url=http://www.ohioturnpike.org/travelers/service-plazas/mahoning-valley-service-plaza/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140315130538/http://www.ohioturnpike.org/travelers/service-plazas/mahoning-valley-service-plaza/|archive-date=2014-03-15}} The "25-mile stretch of steel mills and related industries" along the Mahoning River is similar to the Ruhr Valley in Germany." Historically, it was part of the largest steel producing region in the world, leading to the historical "Steel Valley" moniker that the area shared with the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}}
The local steel industry declined during the 1970s steel crisis. A notable plant closure occurred on September 19, 1977, when Youngstown Sheet and Tube abruptly closed its Campbell Works and furloughed 5,000 workers.{{cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2008/04/08/real_estate/radical_city_plan/index.htm?postversion=2008042410 |title=The incredible shrinking city |publisher=CNNMoney.com |author=Christie, Les |access-date=2004-04-24}} Today the area produces little steel, and is home to many scrap metal yards and aluminum plants.{{cite book|publisher=University Press of Kansas|isbn=978-0-7006-1161-4|last=Linkon|first=Sherry Lee|author2=John Russo|title=Steeltown U.S.A: work and memory in Youngstown|location=Lawrence, Kan.|date=2002}} A 2009 documentary, Steel Valley: Meltdown, addresses "the past, present and future of the Mahoning Valley" through the eyes of local experts, including one local organizer who stated, "We are the first generation completely removed from the days when steel mills were active."{{cite web|last=Libecco|first=Katie|title=Local documentary gathers expert insight|publisher=Valley24.com|access-date=2014-03-04|date=2009-09-19|url=http://valley24.com/news/2009/sep/19/local-documentary-gathers-expert-insight/}}
The Mahoning Valley Economic Development Corporation, founded in 1979, is active in economic revitalization and diversification. It owns two industrial parks, and has purchased local rail lines, including the Youngstown and Austintown Railroad and the Warren and Trumbull Railroad.{{cite web|title=Mahoning Valley Economic Development Corporation – Revitalizing the Mahoning Valley|access-date=2014-03-03|url=http://mvedc.com/}}
Municipalities
=Largest municipalities=
| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" |
| Population rank
!City !County !State !2020 census !2010 census !Change !Peak population (year) |
|---|
| 1
|align=left|Youngstown |align=left|Mahoning |align=left|Ohio |align=left|170,002 (1930) |
| 2
|align=left|Boardman |align=left|Mahoning |align=left|Ohio | {{change|invert=on|40213|40889}}{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Decennials - Census of Population and Housing|date=8 February 2006|access-date=23 March 2018}} |align=left|42,518 (2000) |
| 3
|align=left|Warren |align=left|Trumbull |align=left|Ohio | {{change|invert=on|39201|41557}} |align=left|63,494 (1970) |
| 4
|align=left|Austintown |align=left|Mahoning |align=left|Ohio | {{change|invert=on|29594|29677}}{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |title=CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING (1790-2000) |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=2010-07-17 }} |align=left|33,636 (1980) |
| 5
|align=left|Niles |align=left|Trumbull |align=left|Ohio | {{change|invert=on|18443|19266}} |align=left|23,072 (1980) |
| 6
|align=left|Salem |align=left|Columbiana |align=left|Ohio |align=left|14,186 (1970) |
| 7
|align=left|Struthers |align=left|Mahoning |align=left|Ohio | {{change|invert=on|10063|10713}} |align=left|15,631 (1960) |
| 8
|align=left|East Liverpool |align=left|Columbiana |align=left|Ohio | {{change|invert=on|9958|11195}} |align=left|26,243 (1970) |
| 9
|align=left|Girard |align=left|Trumbull |align=left|Ohio | {{change|invert=on|9603|9958}} |align=left|14,119 (1970) |
| 10
|align=left|Campbell |align=left|Mahoning |align=left|Ohio | {{change|invert=on|7852|8235}} |align=left|14,673 (1930) |
= Cities, villages, and boroughs =
{{col-begin|width=auto}}
{{col-break}}
Mahoning County
- Alliance (partly in Stark County)
- Austintown
- Beloit
- Berlin Center
- Boardman
- Campbell
- Canfield
- Craig Beach
- Lowellville
- Maple Ridge
- Mineral Ridge
- New Middletown
- Poland
- Sebring
- Struthers
- Youngstown
{{col-break|gap=2em}}
Trumbull County
- Cortland
- Girard
- Hubbard
- Newton Falls
- Niles
- Warren
- Lordstown
- McDonald
- Orangeville
- West Farmington
- Yankee Lake
{{col-break|gap=2em}}
Columbiana County (CSA)
- Columbiana
- East Liverpool
- East Palestine
- Hanoverton
- Leetonia
- Lisbon
- Minerva
- New Waterford
- Rogers
- Salem
- Salineville
- Summitville
- Washingtonville
- Wellsville
{{col-end}}
= Townships =
{{col-begin|width=auto}}
{{col-break}}
Mahoning County
- Austintown
- Beaver
- Berlin
- Boardman
- Canfield
- Coitsville
- Ellsworth
- Goshen
- Green
- Jackson
- Milton
- Poland
- Smith
- Springfield
{{col-break|gap=2em}}
Trumbull County
- Bazetta
- Bloomfield
- Braceville
- Bristol
- Brookfield
- Champion
- Farmington
- Fowler
- Greene
- Gustavus
- Hartford
- Howland
- Hubbard
- Johnston
- Kinsman
- Liberty
- Mecca
- Mesopotamia
- Newton
- Southington
- Vernon
- Vienna
- Warren
- Weathersfield
{{col-break|gap=2em}}
Columbiana County (CSA)
- Butler
- Center
- Elkrun
- Fairfield
- Franklin
- Hanover
- Knox
- Liverpool
- Madison
- Middleton
- Perry
- Salem
- St. Clair
- Unity
- Washington
- Wayne
- West
- Yellow Creek
{{col-end}}
Demographics
{{US Census population
|title=CSA Population
|1900=185315
|1910=245536
|1920=353361
|1930=445689
|1940=462687
|1950=515464
|1960=616010
|1970=644313
|1980=644922
|1990=600895
|2000=594746
|2010=556976
|2020=532468
|estyear=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |title=Census of Population and Housing |author=United States Census Bureau |author-link=United States Census Bureau |access-date=July 3, 2016 }}
}}
As of the census{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }} of 2000, there were 602,978 people, 238,319 households, and 162,896 families residing within the MSA, which included Mercer County, Pennsylvania. The racial makeup of the MSA was 86.88% White, 10.78% African American, 0.15% Native American, 0.45% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.55% from other races, and 1.17% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.70% of the population.
The median income for a household in the MSA was $36,071, and the median income for a family was $44,055. Males had a median income of $35,626 versus $23,186 for females. The per capita income for the MSA was $18,547.
File:Mahoningvalleyresults.svg
| class="wikitable sortable"
!2020 Census !2010 Census !Change !Area !Density |
| Mahoning County
| {{change|invert=on|228614|238823}} |{{convert|425|sqmi|abbr=on}} |{{Pop density|228614|425|sqmi|km2|prec=0}} |
| Trumbull County
| {{change|invert=on|201977|210312}} |{{convert|637|sqmi|abbr=on}} |{{Pop density|201977|637|sqmi|km2|prec=0}} |
| Columbiana County
| {{change|invert=on|101877|107841}} |{{convert|535|sqmi|abbr=on}} |{{Pop density|101877|535|sqmi|km2|prec=0}} |
Transportation
=Airports=
The Youngstown–Warren area is served by one regional airport:
The area is also served by several county and local airports, including:
= Major highways =
=Public transit=
The Western Reserve Transit Authority (WRTA) operates a metropolitan public busing system in Mahoning and Trumbull counties. In Columbiana County, the Community Action Rural Transit System (CARTS) operates a rural public busing system.
Colleges and universities
The Mahoning Valley is home to a number of higher education facilities, including:
- Butler County Community College (Hermitage)
- Eastern Gateway Community College (Youngstown)
- Grove City College (Grove City)
- Kent State University at East Liverpool (East Liverpool)
- Kent State University at Salem (Salem)
- Kent State University at Trumbull (Warren)
- New Castle School of Trades (East Liverpool)
- Pennsylvania State University Shenango (Sharon)
- Thiel College (Greenville)
- Youngstown State University (Youngstown)
Sports
{{Main|Youngstown, Ohio#Sports}}
| class="wikitable" |
| +Mahoning Valley area teams |
| style="background:light gray; color:black"|Club
! style="background:light gray; color:black"|Sport ! style="background:light gray; color:black"|League (Conf) ! style="background:light gray; color:black"|Venue ! style="background:light gray; color:black"|Location |
|---|
| scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;" | Mahoning Valley Scrappers
| Baseball | Niles |
| scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;" | Youngstown Phantoms |
| scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;" | Youngstown Nighthawks
| Farmer Jim's Sports Complex | Cortland |
| scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;" | Youngstown State University Penguins
| various |NCAA (Horizon League, MVFC) | various, including Stambaugh Stadium |
NCAA Division I sports are played in the region, with Youngstown State University fielding eight men's and ten women's teams.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- Blue, Frederick J.; Jenkins, William D.; Lawson, William H.; Reedy, Joan M. (1995). Mahoning Memories: A History of Youngstown and Mahoning County. Virginia Beach, VA: The Donning Company. {{ISBN|0-89865-944-2}}.
- Ruminski, Clayton J. Iron Valley: The Transformation of the Iron Industry in Ohio’s Mahoning Valley, 1802—1913 (Ohio State University Press, 2017).
{{Ohio}}
{{Pennsylvania}}
{{Youngstown}}
{{Great Lakes Megalopolis}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|41|15|N|80|43|W|display=title}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA Metropolitan Area}}
Category:Mahoning County, Ohio
Category:Trumbull County, Ohio