Mount Lamarck
{{Short description|Mountain in the state of California}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox mountain
|name = Mount Lamarck
|other_name =
|photo = Upper Lamarck Lake.jpg
|photo_caption = Northwest aspect from Upper Lamarck Lake.
(Peak 12,373, Mt. Lamarck, North Lamarck)
|elevation_ft = 13417
|elevation_ref = {{cite peakbagger |pid=2689|name=Mount Lamarck, California|accessdate=2021-05-23}}
|prominence_ft = 97
|isolation_mi = 0.21
|isolation_ref = {{cite web|url=https://listsofjohn.com/peak/32315|title=Lamarck, Mount - 13,417' CA|website=listsofjohn.com|accessdate=2021-05-23}}
|parent_peak = Peak 13464 (Mt. Lamarck North)
|etymology = Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
|listing = Sierra Peaks Section
|map = California#USA
|map_caption = Location in California
|map_size = 260
|label_position = bottom
|location = Kings Canyon National Park
Fresno County / Inyo County
California, U.S.
|range = Sierra Nevada
Evolution Crest
|coordinates = {{coord|37.1948699|N|118.6706147|W|type:mountain_region:US-CA_scale:100000_source:GNIS|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates_ref = {{cite gnis|id=262307|name=Mount Lamarck|accessdate=2021-05-23}}
|topo = USGS Mount Darwin
|rock = granitic
|age = Cretaceous
|type = Fault block
|first_ascent = 1925
|easiest_route = {{YDS|2}} Southeast slope
}}
Mount Lamarck is a {{convert|13,417|ft|meter|adj=mid|-elevation|abbr=off|sp=us}} mountain summit located on the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in northern California, United States. It is situated on the shared boundary of Kings Canyon National Park with John Muir Wilderness, and along the common border of Fresno County with Inyo County.
It is {{convert|20|mi}} southwest of the community of Bishop, and {{convert|1.9|mi}} north of Mount Darwin. Subsidiary peak Mount Lamarck North ({{convert|13,464|ft|m|abbr=off|sp=us}} ranks as the 67th highest summit in California, and the sixth highest in the Evolution Region.{{cite web|url=https://listsofjohn.com/peak/32307|title=13464 - CA|website=listsofjohn.com|accessdate=2021-05-23}} Topographic relief is significant as the east aspect rises {{convert|4,290|ft|m|abbr=off|sp=us}} above Lake Sabrina in three miles, and the west aspect rises {{convert|3,600|ft|m|abbr=off|sp=us}} above Evolution Valley in three miles.
History
In 1895, Sierra Club explorer Theodore S. Solomons named a group of mountains in the Sierra Nevada after exponents of Darwin's theory of evolution.Francis Peloubet Farquhar, Exploration of the Sierra Nevada, 1925, California Historical Society, page 47.{{cite book |last=Browning |first=Peter |title=Place Names of the Sierra Nevada |publisher=Wilderness Press |year=1986 |location=Berkeley |page=[https://archive.org/details/placenamesofsier00brow/page/67 67] |isbn=0-89997-119-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/placenamesofsier00brow/page/67 }} These six peaks are now known collectively as the Evolution Group.Peter Browning, Place Names of the Sierra Nevada From Abbot to Zumwalt, 1986, Wilderness Press, {{ISBN|9780899970479}}, page 89. The peaks were named after Charles Darwin, John Fiske, Alfred Russel Wallace, Herbert Spencer, Ernst Haeckel and Thomas Henry Huxley.
This mountain's name was officially adopted in 1911 by the United States Board on Geographic Names, based on a suggestion by Grove Karl Gilbert, to honor French naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744–1829), an early proponent of the idea that biological evolution occurred in accordance with natural laws.Erwin G. Gudde, California Place Names, University of California Press, 1969, {{ISBN|9780520266193}}, page 202.
The first ascent of the summit was made via the south slope on August 15, 1925, by Norman Clyde, who is credited with 130 first ascents, most of which were in the Sierra Nevada.[http://www.owensvalleyhistory.com/norman_clyde/page57.html Norman Clyde - Mountaineer, Owensvalleyhistory.com]R. J. Secor, The High Sierra Peaks, Passes, Trails, 2009, Third Edition, Mountaineers Books, {{ISBN|9781594857386}}, page 310.
Climate
According to the Köppen climate classification system, Mount Lamarck is located in an alpine climate zone.{{cite journal | author = Peel, M. C. |author2=Finlayson, B. L. |author3=McMahon, T. A. | year = 2007 | title = Updated world map of the Köppen−Geiger climate classification | journal = Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. | volume = 11 | issn = 1027-5606}} Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Sierra Nevada mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the range (orographic lift). The climate supports a small glacier in the cirque below Lamarck's steep northern cliffs. Precipitation runoff from this mountain drains northeast into Lamarck Creek which is a tributary to Bishop Creek, and west into Evolution Creek, which is a San Joaquin River tributary.
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{stack|}}
- Weather forecast: [https://www.yr.no/en/forecast/daily-table/2-5364889/United%20States/California/Inyo%20County/Mount%20Lamarck Mount Lamarck]
- Mt. Lamarck climbing: [https://www.mountainproject.com/area/106606130/mt-lamarck Mountainproject.com]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lamarck, Mount}}
Category:Mountains of Inyo County, California
Category:Mountains of Fresno County, California
Category:Mountains of Kings Canyon National Park
Category:Mountains of the John Muir Wilderness
Category:Four-thousanders of the United States