Neoplan

File:NeoplanSkyliner.jpg, Plymouth 1983 Neoplan Skyliner]]

File:Neoplan Doppelstockbus Viernheim 100 3625.jpg in February 2006]]

File:DXB on 23 September 2007 Pict 6.jpg, 2007]]

File:Stagecoach Oxfordshire 50123 OX04 BZS.JPG Neoplan Skyliner in June 2009]]

File:JR Bus Kanto Neoplan Megaliner.jpg in Japan]]

The company was founded by {{ill|Gottlob Auwärter|de}} (1903–1993) in Stuttgart in 1935, and manufactured bodywork for bus and truck chassis. By 1953, the company had moved away from manufacturing buses on truck chassis, to a partial monocoque design with a steel tube skeleton, providing the structural support, enhanced by welded side panels.{{Cite book|last=Weiers|first=B.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JqceAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA101|title=Transit Bus Manufacturer Profiles: Project Memorandum|date=1982|publisher=Urban Mass Transportation Administration, Office of Bus and Paratransit Systems|language=en}}{{Cite book|last=Behling|first=Noriko Hikosaka|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V4CF1ji4Z2gC&pg=PA455|title=Fuel Cells: Current Technology Challenges and Future Research Needs|date=2013|publisher=Newnes|isbn=978-0-444-56325-5|language=en}} The engine was moved to the rear. In 1957, air suspension was made available.

In 1961, a new bus design, the Typ Hamburg, was unveiled at the Geneva Motor Show. Developed by the founder's eldest son, Albrecht Auwärter, and another student, Swiss national Bob Lee, as part of their dissertation at Hamburg University. The design was the first bus to allow passengers to regulate their fresh air supply through a nozzle from two air ducts, commonly seen in contemporary designs, as well as offering air suspension.{{Cite book|last1=Pilz|first1=Hans-Joachim|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dXN7zQEACAAJ|title=Auwärter NEOPLAN Omnibusse|last2=Schneider|first2=Andreas|date=2020-06-10|publisher=Podszun GmbH|isbn=978-3-86133-962-5|language=de}}{{Cite book|last1=Kraus|first1=Wolfgang|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8sSZCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA69|title=Nutzfahrzeuge Gestern - Heute - Morgen: Automobil Kolloquium 2013 Dokumentation|last2=Eckermann|first2=Erik|date=2015|publisher=BoD – Books on Demand|isbn=978-3-7347-8786-7|language=de}}

Both Albrecht and Lee joined Neoplan after graduating from university. Albrecht took over management of the company in 1965, and Bob Lee later became head of Engineering and Design.

In 1964, the founder's second son, Konrad Auwärter, developed a double-deck bus design for a service bus as part of his dissertation. The "Do-Bus" design had low weight, and could carry over 100 passengers. It also featured a low-frame front axle with forward-mounted steering gear that permitted a low, flat floor. The double-deck principle was applied to the coach design, creating a high-capacity, comfortable touring vehicle. This vehicle was known as the Skyliner.

In 1971, the Cityliner was introduced to the public. This design had a passenger platform above the driver's cab, and included an onboard toilet. The vehicle also made use of glass-fibre reinforced plastic for certain areas of the body; this was the first instance when this technique was used.

A second manufacturing facility opened in Pilsting in 1973, and a third opened in Kumasi, Ghana in December 1974 to support increasing orders.

Several more plants were added in the 1980s, including two in the United States. The United States plants were later spun off into a separate, and now defunct, independent company (Neoplan USA) that used the Neoplan name under licence. Chinese production started in 1986, originally producing North brand Neoplan buses via companies under the Norinco umbrella: this was spun off into a separate joint venture with Youngman.{{cite web |title=60 North Buses to Be Delivered to Shanghai City |url=https://m.chinabuses.org/news/6300.html |website=China Buses |access-date=5 December 2024}}

Further manufacturing facilities were opened during the 1990s and 2000s.

The Starliner was introduced in 1996, and would go on to win the Bus of the Year award for two consecutive years – in 1998 and 1999.

In 1999 the company unveiled a prototype fuel cell bus.

File:2022, Neoplan Tourliner, Samos island, Greece.jpg

In 2001, Neoplan, or correctly, "Gottlob Auwärter GmbH & Co KG" was acquired by MAN AG subsidiary MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG to form Neoman Bus GmbH. The Starliner won the Bus of the Year award for two more consecutive years in 2001 and 2002.

In 2008, the [https://www.auwaerter-museum.de/ Gottlob Auwärter Museum] was opened in Stuttgart, opposite the headquarters of Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG.

On 1 February 2008, Neoman Bus GmbH was fully integrated into the bus division of the larger MAN Nutzfahrzeuge Group, and ceased to exist in its own right. Neoplan and MAN Truck & Bus began operating as two separate but integrated marques of MAN Nutzfahrzeuge Group.

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• Cityliner
• Electroliner{{cite web|title=NEOPLAN Electroliner|url=http://www.neoplan.de/datapool/mediapool/800/Electroliner_engl.pdf|work=MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG|publisher=NEOPLAN.de|access-date=30 November 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061211120120/http://www.neoplan.de/datapool/mediapool/800/Electroliner_engl.pdf |archive-date = 11 December 2006}} (electric trolleybus)
• Neoplan Airliner{{cite web|title=NEOPLAN Airliner|url=http://www.neoplan.de/datapool/mediapool/400/5827_Br_Flughafen_EN_sc.pdf|work=MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG|publisher=NEOPLAN.de|date=September 2007|access-date=30 November 2009}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}} (airport apron bus, 1960–present)
• Skyliner
• Tourliner

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• Centroliner (low-floor bus; 1997–2009){{cite web|title=NEOPLAN overview|url=http://www.neoplan.de/datapool/mediapool/200/14422_Uebers-Poster_EN.pdf|work=MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG|publisher=NEOPLAN.de|year=1007|access-date=29 November 2009}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}{{cite web|title=NEOPLAN Centroliner|url=http://www.neoplan.de/datapool/mediapool/100/CENTROLINER_ENG_.pdf|work=MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG|publisher=NEOPLAN.de|date=0907|access-date=30 November 2009}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}
• Typ Hamburg (1961)
• Megaliner
• Jumbocruiser
• Cityliner (1971)
• Jetliner (1973)
• Spaceliner
• Skyliner 67 (1965)
• Metroliner
• Starliner C/L
• Transliner
• Trendliner
• Tropicliner
• Euroliner
• Megashuttle

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{{Portal|Buses|Germany}}

• Neoplan USA, defunct US subsidiary
• 2013 Podgorica bus crash
• Langenbruck bus crash

{{Reflist}}

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{{Neoplan}}

{{Automotive industry in Germany}}

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Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1935

Category:Bus manufacturers of Germany

Category:Trolleybus manufacturers

Category:German brands

Category:MAN SE

Category:1935 establishments in Germany