Notonindito

Notonindito was born into an elite family in Rembang, Central Java, Dutch East Indies, apparently in 1900.{{cite web |title=Daftar Nama |url=http://digilib.isi.ac.id/3023/1/Daftar%20Tajuk%20Nama%20Pengarang%20Indonesia.pdf |publisher=Perpustakaan Nasional RI |access-date=31 May 2021 |language=id |date=2007}} He was son of a nobleman named Raden Pandji Notomidjojo; among his brothers were Raden Pandji Notosoebagio, future judge and father of Haryati Soebadio, Suharto-era minister, and Raden Pandji Pawitrohadinoto, who would become vice-chair of the Landraad in the 1920s.{{cite news |title=De moord op den ondervoorzitter van den Kedirischen Landraad. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010278324:mpeg21:p005 |work=De Locomotief |date=1927-03-04 |language=nl}}{{cite news |title=BINNENLAND. Vier repatrieerende Javaansche juristen. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010277984:mpeg21:p009 |work=De Indische courant |date=1925-09-16 |language=nl}}{{cite web |title=Aryanti (1928-...) |url=https://dapobas.kemdikbud.go.id/home?show=isidata&id=78 |website=Data Pokok Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan |publisher=Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa |access-date=31 May 2021 |language=id |date=2019}} In 1918 he graduated from the MULO school, then continued his education at the {{lang|nl|Telefoon Cursus}} in Weltevreden (now part of Jakarta). He became interested in Theosophy and became a member of the Theosophical Society.{{cite news |title=Een nieuw Studiefonds |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:011039710:mpeg21:a0026 |work=Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad |date=1921-10-21 |language=nl}} In the autumn of 1921 he sailed to Rotterdam to continue his studies in Europe.{{cite news |title=Passagierslijst |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010995552:mpeg21:p006 |work=Het nieuws van den dag voor Nederlandsch-Indië |date=1921-10-25 |language=nl}} He was among a new generation of Indonesian students who had been born around the turn of the century and who studied European accounting and economics.{{cite book |last1=Poeze |first1=Harry |last2=van Dijk |first2=Cees |last3=van der Meulen |first3=Inge |title=In Het Land Van De Overheerser: I: Indonesiërs in Nederland 1600-1950 |date=1986 |publisher=Brill |page=166 |language=nl}} He made his way to The Hague first, studying business communication, and then to Berlin, taking a doctorate in Economics and Commerce there, graduating in 1924 with a thesis about business in Java.{{cite news |title=Examen-Mercurius. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB04:000142536:mpeg21:p007 |work=Haagsche courant |date=1923-02-01 |language=nl}}{{cite news |title=Een Javaan te Berlijn Gepromoveerd |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB19:000428060:mpeg21:a00083 |work=Algemeen handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indië |date=1924-05-11 |language=nl}} After that he returned to the Indies, settling in Pekalongan and became an accountant.{{cite news |title=Ontevredenheid in Chineesche hendelskringen te Tegal. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB23:001698063:mpeg21:p00001 |work=De Locomotief |date=1925-11-25 |language=nl}}

In Pekalongan, Notonindito soon involved himself in politics and cultural affairs. He was offered the role as chairman of the local branch of Boedi Oetomo, a Javanese cultural organization, in 1926, although he declined.{{cite news |title=Boedi Oetomo. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB23:001704043:mpeg21:a00109 |work=De Locomotief |date=1926-07-17 |language=nl}}{{cite news |title=De R.P. Notonindito |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB23:001704049:mpeg21:a00110 |work=De Locomotief |date=1926-07-20 |language=nl}} He became co-editor of a new biweekly Indonesian language journal, {{lang|id|Pelita Indonesia}}, alongside a fellow accountant named Alimana.{{cite news |title=Pekalongan. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010278227:mpeg21:p001 |work=De Indische courant |date=1926-11-09 |language=nl}} He became the only Indonesian member of the local government's finance committee in Pekalongan.{{cite news |title=PEKALONGAN - Raadscommissies |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB23:001704138:mpeg21:a00101 |work=De Locomotief |date=1926-08-25 |language=nl}} For a time he involved himself in the Sarekat Islam Party, a successor organization to the once-influential Sarekat Islam.{{cite news |title=Het P.S.I.-Congres |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB23:001706077:mpeg21:a00118 |work=De Locomotief |date=1927-10-01 |language=nl}} It was during the 1927 congress of that party that Notonindito was nominated to lead a new Chamber of commerce for Indonesians in Pekalongan.{{cite news |title=Het P.S.I.-Congres |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB23:001706080:mpeg21:a00008 |work=De Locomotief |date=1927-10-03 |language=nl}} This new organization, organized as an affiliate of the Sarekat Islam Party, would eventually be called the {{lang|id|Perhimpoenan Dagang Indonesia}} (Indonesian: Indonesian trade assembly), known in Dutch as the {{lang|nl|Indonesische Handelsvereeniging Pekalongan}}.{{cite news |title=De P.D.I. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010278474:mpeg21:p001 |work=De Indische courant |date=1928-01-09 |language=nl}}{{cite news |title=De Indonesische Handelsvereeniging Pekalongan |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB19:000449023:mpeg21:p00001 |work=Algemeen handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indië |date=1928-10-26 |language=nl}}

In early 1927 his family was struck by two losses, as his father died, and his brother Raden Pandji Pawitrohadinoto, the vice-chairman of the Landraad (colonial parliament), was assassinated by gunshot.

In May 1928 he resigned from the Pekalongan local council, but by the early 1930s he had apparently returned to it.{{cite news |title=PEKALONGAN Verkiezing Gemeenteraad. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB23:001710049:mpeg21:p00007 |work=De Locomotief |date=1928-05-21 |language=nl}}{{cite book |title=Voornaamste voorschriften en personalia betreffende de decentralisatie en de bestuurshervorming, alsmede de Grondwet en de Indische staatsregeling |date=1931 |publisher=Landsdrukkerij |location=Batavia (Dutch East Indies) |page=226 |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB21:048786000:00230 |language=nl}} In 1929 he also apparently joined Sukarno's Indonesian National Party, and eventually became its chairman in Pekalongan.{{cite news |title=Een protestvergadering der P. S. I. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB19:000466024:mpeg21:p00002 |work=Algemeen handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indië |date=1929-04-29 |language=nl}}

In the early 1930s Notonindito relocated from Pekalongan to Bandung. There he became a member of the city finance council and also sat on the council of Bandung Regency.{{cite news |title=De inheemsche Fascisten. Thans onderwerping, doch in de toekomst vrijheid. Het program van de Partij Fascist Indonesia. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB23:001749043:mpeg21:a00144 |work=De Locomotief |date=1933-07-24 |language=nl}}

In the summer of 1933, newspapers in Java reported that Notonindito had broken with the Indonesian National Party and founded his own party which he called the {{lang|id|Partai Fasis Indonesia}} (Indonesian Fascist Party).{{cite news |title=Een Inheemsche "Nifo". Notonindito richt Partij Fascist Indonesia op. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB23:001749040:mpeg21:p00009 |work=De Locomotief |date=1933-07-22 |language=nl}} The party was said to have as its goal an independent Java with a descendant of Sutawijaya (founder of the Mataram Sultanate) as its constitutional monarch. The party also wished the Indies to become a federation of such independent kingdoms with a non-aggression pact with the Netherlands. Reaction to the new party was generally quite negative in the Indies press.{{cite web |title=Parindra's loyal cadres. Fascism and anticolonial nationalism in late colonial Indonesia, 1935-1942 |url=https://www.iias.asia/the-newsletter/article/parindras-loyal-cadres-fascism-and-anticolonial-nationalism-late-colonial |website=International Institute for Asian Studies |access-date=31 May 2021}} For example, a newspaper associated with the Indonesian National Party, {{lang|id|Menjala}}, stated that solutions to the Indies' problems should be found in the present, not in the Feudal past.{{cite book |last1=Hartanto |first1=Agung Dwi |title=Seabad pers kebangsaan, 1907-2007 |date=2007 |publisher=I:Boekoe |location=Jakarta |isbn=9789791436021 |page=439 |edition=1}} {{lang|id|Sikap}}, likewise, thought that such a project was against the interests of the common Indonesian and that a twisting of Javanese historical figures into Fascist mythology was poorly considered, whereas the editors of {{lang|id|Djawa Barat}} thought the party was counterproductive and harmful.{{cite journal |title=DE VOLKSBEWEGING. |journal=Overzicht van de Inlandsche en Maleisisch-Chineesche Pers |date=1933-08-05 |issue=31 |pages=484–5}} Notonindito quickly denied to newspapers that he had "accepted the offer" of this party to become its leader.{{cite news |title=Notonindito en de Inheemsche Fascisten. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB23:001749056:mpeg21:p00010 |work=De Locomotief |date=1933-07-31 |language=nl}}{{cite news |title=De Partai Fascis Indonesia. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010284681:mpeg21:p002 |work=De Indische courant |date=1933-07-31 |language=nl}} Nonetheless, investigation by De Locomotief seemed to indicate that the part did indeed exist and that it had a few dozen members at that time. It is unclear what happened with the party after that.

After the episode with the Indonesian Fascist Party, he also became increasingly interested in Japanese presence in the Indies. He became co-chair of a local organization in Bandung called the {{lang|nl|Japanese-Indonese-Institute}}.{{cite journal |title=Japan. |journal=Overzicht van de Inlandsche en Maleisisch-Chineesche Pers |date=1933-12-02 |issue=48 |page=764 |url=https://www.delpher.nl/nl/tijdschriften/view?identifier=MMKITLV3:002233023:00016&query=Notonindito&coll=dts&sortfield=datedesc&page=1&maxperpage=20&rowid=3 |language=nl}}

After Indonesia declared independence in 1945, Notonindito continued to involve himself in politics and education. He published one of the first Economics textbooks in Indonesian in Bandung in 1946.{{cite web |last1=Wirasmo Notonindito |first1=R. P. |title=Pengantar peladjaran ekonomi |url=https://onesearch.id/Record/IOS1.INLIS000000000256202 |website=Onesearch |publisher=A.C. Nix & Co |access-date=31 May 2021 |date=1946}} During the Indonesian National Revolution he became associated with future foreign minister Soenario, working as economic advisor to his business (the {{lang|nl|Soenario-Concern}}) and working together as commissioners for the Indonesia Advisory Body ({{langx|id|Badan Penasehat Indonesia}}).{{cite news |title=G.I.M. - EN B.P.I. - LEDEN GEARRESTEERD. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMNIOD04:000092480:mpeg21:p002 |work=Algemeen Indisch dagblad |date=1947-07-05 |language=nl}}{{cite news |title=Advertisement. Soenario-Concern. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMNIOD04:000092290:mpeg21:p002 |work=Algemeen Indisch dagblad |date=1947-05-03 |language=nl}}

In 1952 he became involved in the Indonesian Chartered Accountants' Society ({{langx|id|Perserikatan Accountant Indonesia Beridiazah}}).{{cite news |title=Naar het voorbeeld van NIVA Indonesische accountants verenigen zich. |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010896144:mpeg21:a0026 |work=Algemeen Indisch dagblad : de Preangerbode |date=1952-10-02 |language=nl}} In 1955 he, along with a Dr. Cochrane and an accountant named Challik aimed to found a new national Economic academy in Bandung.{{cite news |title=Economische Academie |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010896313:mpeg21:p002 |work=Algemeen Indisch dagblad : de Preangerbode |date=1956-11-22 |language=nl}}

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Category:1900 births

Category:Year of death missing

Category:Priyayi

Category:Javanese people

Category:20th-century Dutch East Indies people

Category:People from Rembang Regency