Paneuropean Union

File:Paneur grenzübergang 130609.JPG took place in 1989]]

Coudenhove-Kalergi, a member of the Bohemian Coudenhove-Kalergi family and the son of an Austro-Hungarian diplomat and a Japanese mother, was the organisation's central figure and President until his death in 1972.{{cn|date=September 2024}}

As French prime minister and follower of the Paneuropean Union Aristide Briand delivered a widely recognized speech at the League of Nations in Geneva on 5 September 1929 for a federal Europe to secure Europe and settle the historic Franco-German enmity.{{cite web | last=Schulz | first=Matthias | title=Der Briand-Plan und der Völkerbund als Verhandlungsarena für die europäische Einigung zwischen den Kriegen | publisher=IEG(http://www.ieg-mainz.de) | date=December 3, 2010 | url=http://ieg-ego.eu/de/threads/europaeische-netzwerke/politische-netzwerke/europa-netzwerke-der-zwischenkriegszeit/matthias-schulz-briand-plan-und-voelkerbund-in-der-zwischenkriegszeit | language=de | access-date=November 16, 2023}}{{cite web | last=Nelsson | first=Richard | title=Aristide Briand's plan for a United States of Europe | website=the Guardian | date=September 5, 2019 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/from-the-archive-blog/2019/sep/05/aristide-briands-plan-for-united-states-of-europe-september-9 | access-date=November 16, 2023}}

The organisation was prohibited by Nazi Germany in 1933, and was founded again after the Second World War.{{Cite journal|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42555262|jstor = 42555262|title = Coudenhove-Kalergi's Pan-Europe Movement on the Questions of International Politics during the 1920s|last1 = Kövics|first1 = E.|last2 = Boros-Kazai|first2 = Mary|journal = Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae|year = 1979|volume = 25|issue = 3/4|pages = 233–266}} Winston Churchill lauded the movement's work for a unified Europe prior to the war in his famous Zurich speech in 1946.Michael Gehler; Wolfram Kaiser, Helmut Wohnout: Christdemokratie in Europa im 20. Jahrhundert: Christian democracy in 20th century Europe. Böhlau Verlag Wien, 2001, {{ISBN|3205993608}}, Seiten 595.Trevor C. Salmon; William Nicoll: Building European Union: a documentary history and analysis. Manchester University Press, 1997, {{ISBN|0719044464}}, Seite 26. The French branch was founded by Georges Pompidou and Louis Terrenoire, subsequently French President and Minister for Information respectively, with the support of Charles de Gaulle. Otto von Habsburg, the head of the Habsburg dynasty and former Crown Prince of Austria-Hungary, became involved with the Paneuropean Union in the 1930s, was elected its Vice President in 1957 and became its International President in 1973, after Coudenhove's death.

The organisation was much reviled by the communist regimes of the Eastern Bloc. The organisation became renowned for its role in organising the Pan-European Picnic, an important event during the Revolutions of 1989.

As of 2023, the Paneuropean Union Parliamentary Group in the European Parliament consists of over 120 members from nearly all of the EU Member States and meets regularly during the sessions of the Parliament in Strasbourg.{{Cite web|url=http://www.international-paneuropean-union.eu/#/EN/History_of_PEU|title=Paneurope|website=www.international-paneuropean-union.eu}}

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The organisation believes in a strong, politically and militarily, united Europe while supporting humanist and Christian values. The EPU is committed to uniting the diverse peoples of Europe, promoting peace, liberty, and rule of law, and for developing stronger democracy and human rights across Europe. The organisation supports the enlargement of the European Union and encourages all European countries to gain full EU membership. The EPU advocates the EU to become an independent, self-sufficient, and peaceful superpower. The EPU also believes in maintaining a European Common Security and Defence Policy, and establishing a European army alongside strong cooperation with NATO.{{cite web | url=https://paneuropa.org/grundsaetze | title=Grundsätze }}

As of July 2023, the Paneuropean Union consists of member organizations in 32 countries across Europe:{{Cite web|url=http://www.international-paneuropean-union.eu/#/EN/Member_Organisations|title=Member Organisations|publisher=Paneurope}}

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• Albania
• Andorra
• Armenia
• Austria
• Belgium
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Bulgaria
• Croatia
• Czech Republic
• Estonia
• Finland
• France
• Germany
• Hungary
• Italy
• Kosovo
• Latvia
• Luxembourg
• Montenegro
• Netherlands
• North Macedonia
• Poland
• Portugal
• Romania
• San Marino
• Serbia
• Slovakia
• Slovenia
• Spain
• Sweden
• Switzerland
• Ukraine

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The Paneuropean Union lists the following as historical members:Richard Vaughan, Twentieth-Century Europe: Paths to Unity, Taylor & Francis, 1979, {{ISBN|0064971724}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.international-paneuropean-union.eu/#/EN/History_of_PEU|title=Pan-Europa – The parent idea of a united Europe|publisher=Paneurope}}

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• Konrad Adenauer
• Raymond Barre
• Léon Blum
• Aristide Briand
• Paul Claudel
• Benedetto Croce
• Albert Einstein
• Sigmund Freud
• Charles de Gaulle
• Alfons Goppel
• Otto von Habsburg
• Gerhart Hauptmann
• Bronisław Huberman
• Bruno Kreisky
• Paul Löbe
• Salvador de Madariaga
• Heinrich Mann
• Thomas Mann
• Johan Ludwig Mowinckel
• Fridtjof Nansen
• José Ortega y Gasset
• Georges Pompidou
• Rainer Maria Rilke
• Arthur Schnitzler
• Kurt Schuschnigg
• Franz Josef Strauß
• Richard Strauss
• Gustav Stresemann
• Paul Valéry
• Franz Werfel
• Stefan Zweig

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{{Portal|Europe|European Union|Politics}}

• European integration – mainly through the European Union and the Council of Europe
• Euroscepticism – opposition to the process of political European integration
• PanEuropa Armenia – the Armenian branch of Paneuropean Union
• Pan-European identity
• Politics of Europe
• Pro-Europeanism
• United States of Europe

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{{commons category|Paneuropean Union}}

• {{official website|http://www.international-paneuropean-union.eu/}}
• [https://www.facebook.com/people/International-Paneuropean-Union/100079037683808/ Paneuropean Union] on Facebook
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20190423192809/http://www.coudenhove-kalergi-society.eu/ European Society Coudenhove-Kalergi]
• Archival sources on the [http://archives.eui.eu/en/fonds/181668?item=PAN/EU Paneuropean Union] at the [http://www.eui.eu/Research/HistoricalArchivesOfEU/Index.aspx Historical Archives of the EU]
• [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006068403 Pan-Europa] by Richard N. Coudenhove-Kalergi

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