Peruvian Navy
{{Short description|Naval branch of the Peruvian Armed Forces}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = Peruvian Navy
| native_name = Marina de Guerra del Perú
| image = Emblem of the Peruvian Navy.svg
| image_size = 200px
| caption = Coat of arms of the Peruvian Navy
| start_date = 8 October 1821
| country =
| allegiance =
| branch = Navy
| role =
| size = 25,988 active personnel
51 ships, 43 aircraft
| command_structure =
| garrison = Callao naval base, Peru
| garrison_label = Naval headquarters
| nickname =
| patron = Miguel Grau Seminario
| motto =
| colors =
| colors_label =
| march =
| mascot =
| equipment = 6 Submarines
7 Frigates
7 Corvettes
7 patrol ships
1 Landing Platform, Dock
2 landing ships, tank
6 River gunboats
2 Training Ships
25 Auxiliaries
| equipment_label = Fleet
| battles = {{hidden begin|title=See list}}{{tree list}}
- Peruvian War of Independence
- Territorial disputes of Peru
- Conflict with Bolivia
- War of 1841–1842
- Andrés de Santa Cruz raid on Peru
- Angulo Raid
- Hercelles Raid
- Conflict with Colombia
- War of 1828–1829
- Conflict of 1911
- Conflict with Ecuador
- War of 1857–1860
- War of 1941
- Conflict with Spain
- BAP Gamarra Expedition
- Peruvian Civil Wars
- War of 1835–1836
- War of 1836–1839
- War of 1856–1858
- War of 1980–2000
- War of the Pacific
{{Tree list/end}}{{Hidden end}}
| anniversaries = October 8{{efn|The date honours both the official establishment of the Navy in 1821 and the 1879 Battle of Angamos.}}
| decorations =
| battle_honours =
| disbanded =
| commander1 = {{flagicon image|Rank flag for the Commander General of the Peruvian Navy.svg}} Luis Polar Figari{{Cite web |title=Marina de Guerra del Perú |url=https://www.marina.mil.pe/en/autoridades/almirante/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328012040/https://www.marina.mil.pe/en/autoridades/almirante/ |archive-date=March 28, 2023}}
| commander1_label = General Commander of the Navy
| commander2 =
| commander2_label =
| commander3 =
| commander3_label =
| notable_commanders =
| identification_symbol = 100px
| identification_symbol_label = Flag
| identification_symbol_2 = 100px
| identification_symbol_2_label = Naval ensign
| identification_symbol_3 = 100px
| identification_symbol_3_label = Naval jack
| identification_symbol_4_label = Standard
| identification_symbol_4 = 100px
| identification_symbol_5_label = Roundel
| identification_symbol_5 = 95px
| identification_symbol_6_label = Low-visibility roundel
| identification_symbol_6 = 95px
| aircraft_attack =
| aircraft_bomber =
| aircraft_electronic =
| aircraft_fighter =
| aircraft_helicopter =
| aircraft_helicopter_attack =
| aircraft_helicopter_cargo =
| aircraft_helicopter_multirole =
| aircraft_helicopter_observation =
| aircraft_helicopter_transport =
| aircraft_helicopter_utility =
| aircraft_interceptor =
| aircraft_patrol =
| aircraft_recon =
| aircraft_trainer =
| aircraft_transport =
}}
The Peruvian Navy ({{langx|es|link=no|Marina de Guerra del Perú}}, abbreviated MGP){{efn|Alternatively the Armada Peruana (abbreviated AP)}} is the branch of the Peruvian Armed Forces tasked with surveillance, patrol and defense on lakes, rivers and the Pacific Ocean up to {{convert|200|nmi}} from the Peruvian littoral. Additional missions include assistance in safeguarding internal security, conducting disaster relief operations and participating in international peacekeeping operations.
The Marina de Guerra del Perú celebrates the anniversary of its creation in 1821 on October 8 and also commemorates the decisive Battle of Angamos, the final part of the naval campaign of the War of the Pacific between Peru and Chile at the end of 1879.
History
=19th century=
File:Angamos2.jpg, 8 October 1879]]
The Marina de Guerra del Perú was established on 8 October 1821 by the government of general José de San Martín. Its first actions were undertaken during the War of Independence (1821–1824) using captured Spanish warships. The Peruvian Naval Infantry was also formed during the war with Spain, performing successfully in their first battle where they seized Arica from the Spanish.{{cite web|title=Comandancia de Fuerzas de Infanteria – Marina de Guerra del Perú|url=https://www.marina.mil.pe/page/comandanciainfanteria|website=marina.mil.pe|publisher=Marina de Guerra del Perú|access-date=December 29, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229111554/https://www.marina.mil.pe/page/comandanciainfanteria|archive-date=December 29, 2016|url-status=dead}}
Shortly afterwards it was engaged in the war against the Gran Colombia (1828–1829) during which it conducted a blockade against the seaport of Guayaquil and then assisted in the subsequent Peruvian occupation. The Navy saw further action during the war of the Peru-Bolivian Confederacy (1836–1839) and during the Chincha Islands War with Spain (1866).
The outbreak of the War of the Pacific (1879–1883) caught the Peruvian Navy unprepared and with inferior forces in comparison to the Chilean Navy. Even so, hit-and-run tactics carried out by Peruvian Admiral Miguel Grau, commander of the ironclad {{ship||Huáscar|ship|2}}, famously delayed the Chilean advance by six months until his death and defeat at the Battle of Angamos.
=20th century=
Following the War of the Pacific, the Peruvian Navy had to be completely rebuilt. In 1900 the force consisted of only one cruiser of 1,700 tons displacement, a screw-driven steamer, and ten smaller ships – the latter described by a contemporary British publication as "of no real value".{{cite book|editor-last=Keltie|editor-first=J. S. |title=The Statesman's Year Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1900 |location=New York |publisher=MacMillan |date=1900 |page=887}} (Retrieved via Google Books 3/4/11.) The lengthy process of expansion and rebuilding started in 1907 with the acquisition from the United Kingdom of the scout cruisers {{ship|BAP|Almirante Grau|1907|2}} and Coronel Bolognesi, followed by the arrival of two submarines, Ferré and Palacios, from France in 1911. During the Presidency of Augusto B. Leguía (1919–1930) a Navy Ministry was established as well as a Navy Aviation Corps, both in 1920.
File:Dia 172V3.jpg in June 1973]]
Border conflicts with Colombia in 1911 and 1932 and a war with Ecuador in 1941 saw Peruvian warships involved in some skirmishes in support of the Army. The attack on Pearl Harbor brought World War II to the Pacific and even though Peru did not declare war on the Axis until 1945, its Navy was involved in patrol missions against possible threats by the Imperial Japanese Navy from early 1942 up to mid-1945.
During the 1970s and the first half of the 1980s the Peruvian Navy carried out a major buildup programme{{cite web|url=http://www.country-data.com/frd/cs/peru/pe_appen.html#table25|title=Armed Forces Strength in selected years, 1829 – 1992|access-date=February 21, 2015}} which allowed it to take advantage over its traditional rival, the Chilean Navy. The navy purchased one cruiser the BAP Almirante Grau (CLM-81) from the Netherlands, eight Carvajal-class frigates from Italy – four newly purchased and four ex-Lupo-class frigates – as well as six PR-72P-class corvettes from France. The buildup proved to be temporary due to the economic crisis of the second half of the 1980s, forcing the decommissioning of several warships and resulting in a general lack of funds for maintenance.
The economic upturn of the 1990s and into the 2000s would later permit some improvement, although at a reduced force level compared to the early 1980s.{{Citation needed|date=May 2020}}
= 21st century =
File:BAP Almirante Grau (FM-53).jpg, current fleet flagship]]
Into the 21st century, the Peruvian Navy began to modernize their ships. In 2008, the Type 209/1100 submarines were modernized{{cite web|title=Peruvian Navy begins Type 209/1200 submarine modernization|url=https://navaltoday.com/2017/12/14/peruvian-navy-begins-type-209-1200-submarine-modernization/|website=Naval Today|date=December 14, 2017|access-date=December 15, 2017}} while the Carvajal-class frigates began to be modernized in 2011.{{cite web|title=Marina de Guerra del Perú {{!}} COMOPERPAC|url=https://www.marina.mil.pe/en/organos/comoperpac/superficie/|website=Peruvian Navy|access-date=July 28, 2017}} The Type 209/1200 submarines began to be modernized in late-2017 beginning with the BAP Chipana (SS-34).
SIMA has continued to construct ships for the Navy. In 2013, SIMA partnered with Posco Daewoo Corporation and Daesun Shipbuilding of South Korea to construct two Makassar-class landing platform docks.{{cite web|title=Peru launched its First LPD – BAP Pisco Landing Platform Dock|url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2017/may-2017-navy-naval-forces-defense-industry-technology-maritime-security-global-news/5178-peru-launched-its-first-lpd-bap-pisco-landing-platform-dock.html|website=Navy Recognition|access-date=July 27, 2017|date=May 4, 2017}} The {{ship|BAP|Pisco|AMP-156}}, recently launched on 25 April 2017, as well as the BAP Paita which is currently under construction will provide Peru with increased expeditionary warfare capabilities, with the ability to accommodate multiple Landing Craft Vehicle Personnel, newly purchased LAV IIs and helicopters.{{cite web|title=GDLS culmina las entregas de LAV II a la Infantería de Marina peruana-noticia defensa.com|url=http://www.defensa.com/peru/gdls-culmina-entregas-lav-ii-infanteria-marina-peruana|website=Defensa.com|access-date=July 23, 2017|date=August 19, 2016}}
In 2018, a modernization program was initiated to upgrade Peru's Type 209/1200 submarines, the BAP Chipana, BAP Angamos, BAP Antofagasta and BAP Pisagua, with a contract with ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems being made for further assistance with SIMA.{{cite web|url=https://navaltoday.com/2017/12/14/peruvian-navy-begins-type-209-1200-submarine-modernization/|title=Peruvian Navy begins Type 209/1200 submarine modernization|website=Naval Today|date=December 14, 2017|access-date=December 15, 2017}}
During the 2017–present Peruvian political crisis, the Navy of Peru was involved in political scandals. During the first impeachment process against president Martín Vizcarra, the next in the order of succession to the presidency, President of the Congress Manuel Merino, had been in contact with the Commanding General of the Navy saying that he was attempting to remove Vizcarra from office.{{Cite web|date=2020-09-12|title=El Gobierno peruano califica de "golpismo" la moción de censura contra Vizcarra|url=https://www.abc.es/internacional/abci-gobierno-peruano-califica-golpismo-mocion-censura-contra-vizcarra-202009130155_noticia.html|access-date=2020-09-17|website=ABC|language=es}} While the 2021 Peruvian general election was underway, the imprisoned former head of the National Intelligence Service (SIN) Vladimiro Montesinos was able to make phone calls from a landline telephone at the Centro de Reclusión de Máxima Seguridad (CEREC) at the Callao Naval Base to organize projects and campaign support for Keiko Fujimori in the Vladi-audios scandal.{{Cite web|date=2021-07-01|title=Operaciones "irregulares" del 'Doc' desde la Base Naval |url=https://www.idl-reporteros.pe/operaciones-irregulares-del-doc-desde-la-base-naval/|access-date=2021-12-21|website=IDL Reporteros}}{{Cite web|title=Los fantasmas vuelven en Perú: Montesinos tramó el soborno de tres jueces electorales|url=https://www.ambito.com/mundo/peru/los-fantasmas-vuelven-montesinos-tramo-el-soborno-tres-jueces-electorales-n5209594|access-date=2021-12-21|website=Ambito}}{{Cite web|date=2021-06-26|title=Conspiraciones telefónicas |url=https://www.idl-reporteros.pe/conspiraciones-telefonicas/|access-date=2021-12-21|website=IDL Reporteros}}
Organization
{{Unreferenced section|date=October 2019}}
{{Peruvian Navy}}
The current Commander-in-Chief of the Peruvian Navy is Admiral Luis José Polar Figari. Naval Forces are subordinated to the Ministry of Defense and ultimately to the President as Chief Supreme of the Peruvian Armed Forces. They are organized as follows:
- Comandancia General de la Marina (Navy General Command)
- Estado Mayor General de la Marina (Navy General Staff)
- Inspectoría General de la Marina (Navy General Inspectorate)
Operational units are divided between three commands:
;Comandancia General de Operaciones del Pacífico
Pacific Operations General Command, it comprises the following units:
- Fuerza de Superficie (Surface Force)
- Fuerza de Submarinos (Submarine Force)
- Fuerza de Aviación Naval (Naval Aviation Force)
- Fuerza de Infantería de Marina (Naval Infantry Force)
- Fuerza de Operaciones Especiales (Special Operations Force)
;Comandancia General de Operaciones de la Amazonía
Amazon Operations General Command, tasked with river patrolling in the Peruvian portion of the Amazon Basin.
;Dirección General de Capitanías y Guardacostas
Directive General of Captains and Coast Guard, oversees Coast Guard operations
=Coast Guard=
{{Main|Peruvian Coast Guard}}
{{Multiple image|direction=vertical|align=right|image1=PRESIDENTE DE LA REPÚBLICA DESTACA CAPACIDAD INDUSTRIAL DE LA MARINA DE GUERRA (33189918716).jpg|caption1= BAP Río Quilca (PM-207) of the Peruvian Coast Guard|image2=Bell AB-212 Peruvian Navy.jpg|caption2=AVINAV Bell AB-212 with fast-roping Marines|image3=Peruvian Marines.jpg|caption3=Peruvian Marines of various specialties}}
Coast Guard, tasked with law enforcement on Peruvian territorial waters, rivers and lakes. The Peruvian Coast Guard often performs anti-drug trafficking operations within the nation's waters. The Coast Guard has approximately 1,000 personnel.{{cite journal |author=International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) |author-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies |date=2021 |title=The Military Balance 2021 |journal=The Military Balance |language=en |volume=}}
=Naval Aviation=
{{Main|Peruvian Naval Aviation}}
The Naval Aviation Force {{in lang|es}}: (Fuerza de Aviación Naval, AVINAV) is the air branch of the Peruvian Navy, its roles include anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface warfare, maritime surveillance, reconnaissance and transport of marine personnel. It is also responsible for airborne operations of the Peruvian Marines. Naval Aviation has about 800 personnel.{{cite journal |author=International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) |author-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies |date=2021 |title=The Military Balance 2021 |journal=The Military Balance |language=en |volume=}}
=Naval Infantry=
{{main|Peruvian Naval Infantry}}
;Naval Infantry Brigade
- 1st Naval Infantry Battalion – Ancón
- 2nd Naval Infantry Battalion – Ancón
- Amphibious Support Group
- Fire support Group
- Commando Grouping
- Engineers Unit
;Other units
- 3rd Naval Infantry Battalion – Tumbes
- 4th Naval Infantry Battalion – Puno
- 1st Jungle Naval Infantry Battalion – Iquitos
- 2nd Jungle Naval Infantry Battalion – Pucallpa
- Naval Infantry Detachment Litoral Sur – Mollendo
Bases
- Ancón – Naval Infantry headquarters and base
- Callao – Main naval base, dockyard and naval aviation base, Naval Medical Center which contains the US Navy unit Naval Medical Research Unit Six
- Chimbote – Minor base and dockyard
- Iquitos – On the Amazon river
- Paita – Minor base
- Pisco – Minor base
- Puno – On Lake Titicaca
- San Juan de Marcona – Naval aviation base
Although most of the fleet is based at Callao, this has not been considered an ideal location since it is also the main outlet for Peruvian trade, causing space and security problems. In the 1980s the building of a new naval base at Chimbote was considered though high costs and a poor economic situation made the project unfeasible."La base de Chimbote", Caretas, 1985.
Personnel
{{Multiple image|direction=vertical|width=250|align=right|image1=BAP Mariátegui CIC.jpg|caption1=Standing watch on BAP Mariátegui (FM-54).|image2=Peruvian submarine crew.jpg|caption2=Submarine crew saluting while at sea.}}
class="wikitable"
|+ Personnel (as of 2001)[http://www.resdal.org/art-rial.htm], based on Supreme Decree DS No. 69 DE/SG of 2001. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927210407/http://www.resdal.org/art-rial.htm|date=September 27, 2007}} |
Commissioned Officers
|align="right"| 2,107 |
Non-commissioned officers
|align="right"| 16,863 |
Cadets
|align="right"| 620 |
NCO in training
|align="right"| 1,533 |
Enlisted
|align="right"| 4,855 |
Civilians
|align="right"| 5,079 |
Total
|align="right"| 25,988 (excl. civilians) |
=Ranks=
{{main|Military ranks of Peru}}
==Commissioned officer ranks==
The rank insignia of commissioned officers.
style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armed Forces/OF/Blank}} {{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Navies/OF/Peru}} |
==Other ranks==
The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.
style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/Blank}} {{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Navies/OR/Peru}} |
Ships
Ships of the Peruvian Navy are prefixed BAP, which stands for Buque Armada Peruana (Peruvian Navy Ship).{{Cite web|url=https://www.acronymfinder.com/Buque-Armada-Peruana-(Peruvian-Navy-Ship)-(BAP).html|title = BAP - Buque Armada Peruana (Peruvian Navy Ship) | AcronymFinder}}
= Current ships =
{{main article|List of active Peruvian Navy ships}}
Class="wikitable sortable"
! style="text-align: left;"|Ship ! style="text-align: left;"|Origin ! style="text-align: left;"|Type ! style="text-align: left;"|Class ! style="text-align: left;"|In service ! style="text-align: left;"|Notes |
colspan="7" style="background:#f9f9f9;" |Submarines (4 in service, 2 in upgrade) |
---|
{{BAP|Angamos|SS-31}}
| {{GER}} | {{Yes}} | ex-BAP Casma. |
{{BAP|Antofagasta|SS-32}}
| {{GER}} | {{No}} | Currently being upgraded in SIMA Callao shipyard since January 2020. |
{{BAP|Pisagua|SS-33}}
| {{GER}} | {{Yes}} | |
{{BAP|Chipana|SS-34}}
| {{GER}} | {{No}} | ex-BAP Blume. Currently being upgraded in SIMA Callao shipyard since December 2017. |
{{BAP|Islay|SS-35}}
| {{GER}} | {{Yes}} | Upgraded in 2008 |
{{BAP|Arica|SS-36}}
| {{GER}} | {{Yes}} | Upgraded in 2008 |
colspan="7" style="background:#f9f9f9;" |Guided missile frigates (7 in service) |
{{BAP|Villavicencio|FM-52}}
| {{ITA}} | {{Sclass|Carvajal|frigate}} | {{Yes}} | |
{{BAP|Almirante Grau|FM-53}}
| {{PER}} | {{Sclass|Carvajal|frigate}} | {{Yes}} | Ordered in 1973. Laid down in SIMA Callao shipyard and commissioned in 1984 as BAP Montero until 2017, when became fleet flagship |
{{BAP|Mariátegui|FM-54}}
| {{PER}} | {{Sclass|Carvajal|frigate}} | {{Yes}} | Ordered in 1973. Laid down in SIMA Callao shipyard and commissioned in 1987. | |
{{BAP|Aguirre|FM-55}}
| {{ITA}} | {{Sclass|Lupo|frigate}} | {{yes}} | ex-Orsa (F-567), overhauled and upgraded in SIMA Callao shipyard along with BAP Bolognesi. Currently in sea trials. |
{{BAP|Palacios|FM-56}}
| {{ITA}} | {{Sclass|Lupo|frigate}} | {{Yes}} | ex-Lupo (F-564) |
{{BAP|Bolognesi|FM-57}}
| {{ITA}} | {{Sclass|Lupo|frigate}} | {{yes}} | ex-Perseo (F-566), overhauled and upgraded in SIMA Callao shipyard with locally-made CMS and ESM systems, a Kronos NV 3D radar, MASS countermeasures system and 4 MM40 Block III Exocet missiles replacing Otomat.{{cite journal |last=Fish |first=Tim |date= June 29, 2011 |title=Briefing: South America Naval Capabilities |journal=Jane's Defence Weekly |page=289}} |
{{BAP|Quiñones|FM-58}}
| {{ITA}} | {{Sclass|Lupo|frigate}} | {{Yes}} | ex-Sagittario (F-565) |
colspan="7" style="background:#f9f9f9;" |Guided missile corvettes (8 in service) |
BAP Velarde (CM-21)
| {{FRA}} | {{Sclass2|PR-72P|corvette}} | {{Yes}} | |
BAP Santillana (CM-22)
| {{FRA}} | {{Sclass2|PR-72P|corvette}} | {{Yes}} | |
BAP De los Heros (CM-23)
| {{FRA}} | {{Sclass2|PR-72P|corvette}} | {{Yes}} | |
BAP Herrera (CM-24)
| {{FRA}} | {{Sclass2|PR-72P|corvette}} | {{Yes}} | |
BAP Larrea (CM-25)
| {{FRA}} | {{Sclass2|PR-72P|corvette}} | {{Yes}} | |
BAP Sánchez Carrión (CM-26)
| {{FRA}} | {{Sclass2|PR-72P|corvette}} | {{Yes}} | |
BAP Ferre (CM-27)
| {{KOR}} | {{Sclass2|Pohang|corvette}} | {{Yes}} | ex-Gyeonjyu (PCC-758). Built in 1985. Transferred from Republic of Korea Navy in July 2016. |
BAP Guise (CM-28)
| {{KOR}} | {{Sclass2|Pohang|corvette}} | {{Yes}} | ex-Suncheon (PCC-767). Built in 1987. Transferred from Republic of Korea Navy in July 2021. Commissioned in 2022. |
colspan="7" style="background:#f9f9f9;" |Offshore Patrols vessels (7 in service) |
BAP Guardiamarina San Martin (PO-201)
| {{ITA}} | Frigate | {{Sclass|Lupo|frigate}} | {{yes}} | ex-{{BAP|Carvajal|FM-51}}. Operated by the Peruvian Coast Guard | |
BAP Rio Pativilca (PM-204)
| {{PER}} | ''Rio Pativilca" |PGCP-50 offshore patrol vessel | {{yes}} | Ordered in 2013. Derived design of Taegeuk-class patrol vessel from Republic of Korea Navy. Laid down in SIMA Chimbote shipyard and commissioned on March 18, 2016. Operated by the Peruvian Coast Guard | |
BAP Rio Cañete (PM-205)
| {{PER}} | ''Rio Pativilca" |PGCP-50 offshore patrol vessel | {{yes}} | Ordered in 2013. Derived design of Taegeuk-class patrol vessel from Republic of Korea Navy. Laid down in SIMA Chimbote shipyard and commissioned on March 18, 2016. Operated by the Peruvian Coast Guard | |
BAP Rio Piura (PM-206)
| {{PER}} | ''Rio Pativilca" |PGCP-50 offshore patrol vessel | {{yes}} | Laid down in SIMA Chimbote shipyard and commissioned on May 3rd, 2017. Operated by the Peruvian Coast Guard | |
BAP Rio Quilca (PM-207)
| {{PER}} | ''Rio Pativilca" |PGCP-50 offshore patrol vessel | {{yes}} | Laid down in SIMA Chimbote shipyard and commissioned on May 3, 2017. Operated by the Peruvian Coast Guard | |
BAP Rio Tumbes (PM-208)
| {{PER}} | ''Rio Pativilca" |PGCP-50 offshore patrol vessel | {{yes}} | Laid down in SIMA Chimbote shipyard and commissioned on March 17, 2021. Operated by the Peruvian Coast Guard | |
BAP Rio Locumba (PM-209)
| {{PER}} | ''Rio Pativilca" |PGCP-50 offshore patrol vessel | {{yes}} | Laid down in SIMA Chimbote shipyard and commissioned on March 17, 2021. Operated by the Peruvian Coast Guard | |
colspan="7" style="background:#f9f9f9;" |Amphibious (10 in service, 1 in construction) |
{{BAP|Pisco|AMP-156}}
| {{PER}} | {{Sclass|Makassar|landing platform dock|4}} | {{yes}} | Ordered on July 13, 2013; laid down in SIMA Callao shipyard, launched on April 25, 2017; commissioned on June 21, 2018.{{cite web |last1=Sanchez |first1=Alejandro |title=Peruvian Navy commissions BAP Pisco |url=http://www.janes.com/article/80713/peruvian-navy-commissions-bap-pisco |website=Jane's 360 |publisher=IHS |access-date=July 28, 2018}} |
{{BAP|Paita|AMP-157}}
| {{PER}} | {{Sclass|Makassar|landing platform dock|4}} | {{No}} | Ordered on March 15, 2018; laid down in SIMA Callao shipyard.{{cite web |last1=Sanchez |first1=Alejandro |title=Peru to construct second landing platform vessel |url=http://www.janes.com/article/78679/peru-to-construct-second-landing-platform-vessel |website=Jane's 360 |publisher=IHS |access-date=July 28, 2018}} |
{{BAP|Callao|DT-143}}
| {{USA}} | Terrebonne Parish class | {{No}} | ex-{{USS|Washoe County|LST-1165|6}}. Sunk as target 30 September 2021 |
{{BAP|Eten|DT-144}}
| {{USA}} | Terrebonne Parish class | {{Yes}} | ex-{{USS|Traverse County|LST-1160|6}} |
Seven in service{{cite journal |author=International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) |author-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies |date=2021 |title=The Military Balance 2021 |journal=The Military Balance |language=en |volume=}}
|{{UK}} |{{Yes}} | |
colspan="7" style="background:#f9f9f9;" |River gunboats vessels (6 in service) |
BAP Loreto (CF-11)
| {{USA}} | Loreto class | {{Yes}} | |
BAP Amazonas (CF-12)
| {{USA}} | Loreto class | {{Yes}} | |
BAP Marañón (CF-13)
| {{UK}} | Marañón class | {{Yes}} | |
BAP Ucayali (CF-14)
| {{UK}} | Marañón class | {{Yes}} on 2 May, 2025 she struck the anchored oil barge El Manati resulting in a hull breach and sank in shallow water partially submerged in the Amazon River near the Napo River some 50 miles downstream from Iquitos, Peru.{{cite web |url=https://shipwrecklog.com/log/2025/05/allision-on-the-amazon/ |title=Allision on the Amazon |publisher=shipwrecklog.com |accessdate=9 May 2025 }} | |
BAP Clavero (CF-15)
| {{PER}} | Clavero class | {{Yes}} | Laid down in the SIMA Iquitos shipyard. Damaged by an uncontrolled fire in her first operational deployment on May 25, 2010; leaving two crewmen badly injured.{{cite web |url=http://www.andina.com.pe/Espanol/Noticia.aspx?Id=VL3roBxxIys= |title=Dos heridos deja incendio de BAP "Clavero" en el río Putumayo, informan |access-date=February 21, 2015 |language=es |publisher=Andina |date=May 25, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305194749/http://www.andina.com.pe/Espanol/Noticia.aspx?Id=VL3roBxxIys%3D |archive-date=March 5, 2012 }} Returned to service on July 27, 2012, during the BRACOLPER 2012 exercise.{{cite web |title=Perú: Unidades fluviales de Brasil y Colombia participaron en el ejercicio BRACOLPER 2012 |url=http://basenaval.com/2012/08/peru-unidades-fluviales-de-brasil-y-colombia-participaron-en-el-ejercicio-bracolper-2012/ |publisher=Base Naval |language=es |date=August 2, 2012 |access-date=August 11, 2012 |author=Marina de Guerra del Perú |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805031744/http://basenaval.com/2012/08/peru-unidades-fluviales-de-brasil-y-colombia-participaron-en-el-ejercicio-bracolper-2012/ |archive-date=August 5, 2012 }} |
BAP Castilla (CF-16)
| {{PER}} | Clavero class | {{yes}} | Laid down on April 9, 2010, in the SIMA Iquitos shipyard, launched on June 8, 2013, and commissioned on March 14, 2016, second and final ship of its class, has some improvements over its sister ship, mainly in armament{{cite web|title=Marina de Guerra del Perú entregó PIAS "Río Putumayo II" y Cañonera Fluvial B.A.P "Castilla" (CF-16) en eficaz contribución a los programas de inclusión social del Estado|url=https://www.marina.mil.pe/noticias/3830|website=Peruvian Navy Website|access-date=May 2, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602084950/https://www.marina.mil.pe/noticias/3830|archive-date=June 2, 2016|url-status=dead}} |
colspan="7" style="background:#f9f9f9;" |Training ships (2 in service) |
{{BAP|Unión|BEV-161}}
| {{PER}} | Sail training ship | – | {{yes}} | laid down on December 8, 2012, in the SIMA Callao shipyard, commissioned January 27, 2016, with an estimated cost of US$50 million.{{cite web|url=http://www.marina.mil.pe/noticias_prensa.asp?hdnId=3716|title=Servicios Industriales de la Marina construirán Buque Escuela a Vela|date=December 7, 2012|publisher=Peruvian Navy|access-date=December 18, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416074714/http://www.marina.mil.pe/noticias_prensa.asp?hdnId=3716|archive-date=April 16, 2013}}{{cite news |title= Un nuevo buque escuela para la Marina y el Perú|first=Carlos Ramírez |last=Benvenuto |language=es |url= http://elcomercio.e3.pe/66/doc/0/0/5/4/5/545722.pdf |newspaper= El Comercio|date= December 6, 2012|access-date=February 21, 2015}} |
BAP Marte (ALY-313)
| {{CAN}} | Sailing yacht | – | {{Yes}} | assigned to the Peruvian Naval School as a training ship |
colspan="7" style="background:#f9f9f9;" |Tugs and support ships (5 in service) |
BAP Unanue (AMB-160)
| {{USA}} | Diving support ship | Sotoyomo class | {{Yes}} | ex-{{USS|Wateree|ATA-174|6}} |
BAP San Lorenzo (ART-323)
| {{GER}} | Torpedo recovery vessel | – | {{Yes}} | |
{{BAP|Morales|RAS-180}}
| {{PER}} | Diving support offshore tugboat | Morales class | {{yes}} | Ordered in 2014, 50 TBP class locally designed tugboat, equipped to support diving, firefighting and rescue operations.{{cite web|title=Positivos avances en construcción del Remolcador Auxiliar de Salvamento B.A.P. "Morales" RAS-180|url=https://www.marina.mil.pe/noticias/2401|website=Peruvian Navy Website|access-date=May 2, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602082737/https://www.marina.mil.pe/noticias/2401|archive-date=June 2, 2016|url-status=dead}} Delivered in November 2016 |
BAP Selendón (ARB-129)
| {{PER}} | Harbour tugboat | 20 TBP class tug | {{Yes}} | Built in SIMA Callao shipyard, ordered in 2011.{{cite web |url=http://www.sima.com.pe/notisima/201102_notisima_Enero_Febrero.pdf |title=NotiSIMA Año 5, Edición 31 |language=es |publisher=SIMA |date=July 17, 2011 |access-date=February 21, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924101908/http://www.sima.com.pe/notisima/201102_notisima_Enero_Febrero.pdf |archive-date=September 24, 2015 |url-status=dead }} Delivered in the first quarter of 2012. |
BAP Medina (ARB-130)
| {{PER}} | Harbour tugboat | 20 TBP class tug | {{Yes}} | Built in SIMA Callao shipyard, ordered in 2011. Delivered in late 2012. |
colspan="7" style="background:#f9f9f9;" |Tankers and barges (4 in service) |
BAP Caloyeras (ACA-111)
| {{USA}} | Water barge | YW-83 class | {{Yes}} | ex-US YW-128 |
BAP Noguera (ACP-118)
| {{USA}} | Fuel barge | YO type | {{Yes}} | ex-US YO-221 |
BAP Gauden (ACP-119)
| {{USA}} | Fuel barge | YO type | {{Yes}} | ex-US YO-171 |
{{BAP|Tacna|ARL-158}}
| {{NED}} | Amsterdam class | {{Yes}} | ex-{{HNLMS|Amsterdam|A836|6}} |
colspan="7" style="background:#f9f9f9;" |Hospital vessels (10 in service, 1 in construction) |
BAP Rio Yavarí
| {{PER}} | River hospital ship | Yavarí PIAS class | {{Yes}} | Built by Sima Iquitos shipyard, commissioned in 2021. | |
BAP Rio Putumayo II
| {{PER}} | River hospital ship | Napo PIAS class | {{Yes}} |Built in Sima Iquitos shipyard, commissioned in 2016. | |
BAP Rio Putumayo I
| {{PER}} | River hospital ship | Napo PIAS class | {{Yes}} |Built in Sima Iquitos shipyard, commissioned in 2015. |
BAP Morona
| {{PER}} | River hospital ship | Napo PIAS class | {{Yes}} | Built in Sima Iquitos shipyard, commissioned in 2015. |
BAP Rio Napo
| {{PER}} | River hospital ship | Napo PIAS class | {{Yes}} | Built in Sima Iquitos shipyard, commissioned in 2013. |
BAP Rio Yahuas (ABH-302)
| {{PER}} | River hospital ship | Morona class | {{Yes}} | Ex BAP Morona (ABH-302) | |
BAP Corrientes (ABH-303)
| {{PER}} | Small river hospital craft | – | {{Yes}} | |
BAP Curaray (ABH-304)
| {{PER}} | Small river hospital craft | – | {{Yes}} | |
BAP Pastaza (ABH-305)
| {{PER}} | Small river hospital craft | – | {{Yes}} | |
BAP Lago Titicaca I
| {{PER}} | Lake hospital ship | Lago Titicaca PIAS class | {{Yes}} | Built by SIMA Peru, commissioned in 2017. | |
{{BAP|Puno|ABH-306}}
| {{UK}} | Lake hospital ship | Yaravi class | {{Yes}} | ex-Yapura | |
colspan="7" style="background:#f9f9f9;" |Scientific research vessels (6 in service) |
{{BAP|Carrasco|BOP-171}}
| {{ESP}} | NC-704 class | {{Yes}} | 95-m long steel-hulled vessel designed to operate in the Antarctic region as well as in Peruvian waters. Construction contract signed in December 2014 with Freire Shipyard. Keel-laying scheduled for June 22, 2015, to be delivered July 2016.{{cite web|last1=Ing|first1=David|last2=Toremans|first2=Guy|title=Spain's Freire shipyard set to cut steel on Peru's new survey ship|url=http://www.janes.com/article/50935/spain-s-freire-shipyard-set-to-cut-steel-on-peru-s-new-survey-ship|publisher=IHS|access-date=April 24, 2015}} Commissioned in May 2017.{{cite web|last1=Toremans|first1=Guy|title=Peruvian Navy commissions new multirole oceanographic research vessel|url=http://www.janes.com/article/70205/|website=IHS Jane's 360|access-date=May 10, 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170510141322/http://www.janes.com/article/70205/peruvian-navy-commissions-new-multirole-oceanographic-research-vessel|archive-date=May 10, 2017|date=May 9, 2017|url-status=dead}} |
BAP Stiglich (AH-172)
| {{PER}} | Hydrographic survey ship | Morona class | {{Yes}} | |
BAP Zimic (COMBSH-173)
| {{NED}} | Hydrographic survey ship | {{sclass|Dokkum|minesweeper|4}} | {{Yes}} | ex-HNLMS Abcoude minesweeper. ex-BAP Carrasco, repowered in 2006 with 2 Volvo Penta engines at SIMA Callao, in 2015 received a high power multibeam echosounder. |
BAP La Macha (AEH-174)
| {{PER}} | Hydrographic survey ship | – | {{Yes}} | |
BAP Carrillo (AH-175)
| {{NED}} | Hydrographic survey ship | {{sclass|Van Straelen|minesweeper|4}} | {{Yes}} | ex-HNLMS van Hamel minesweeper |
BAP Melo (AH-176)
| {{NED}} | Hydrographic survey ship | {{sclass|Van Straelen|minesweeper|4}} | {{Yes}} | ex-HNLMS van der Wel minesweeper. Repowered in 2006 with 2 Volvo Penta engines at SIMA Callao. |
= Museum Ships =
class="wikitable"
! style="text-align: left;"|Vessel ! style="text-align: left;"|Origin ! style="text-align: left;"|Type ! style="text-align: left;"|Class ! style="text-align: left;"|Decommissioned ! style="text-align: left;"|Notes |
{{BAP|América|RH-90}}
| {{UK}} | América class | | restored at SIMA Iquitos shipyard, on display in Clavero naval station. |
{{BAP|Abtao|SS-42}}
| {{USA}} | 2 de Mayo class | 1998 | become a museum ship in 2004 |
Yavarí
| {{Uk}} | Lake gunboat | Yavarí class | 1976 | restored and become a museum ship in 2015 and is the oldest iron lake steamer sailing. |
= Recently Decommissioned Ships =
class="wikitable"
! style="text-align: left;"|Vessel ! style="text-align: left;"|Origin ! style="text-align: left;"|Type ! style="text-align: left;"|Class ! style="text-align: left;"|Decommissioned ! style="text-align: left;"|Notes |
BAP Bayovar (ATP-154)
| {{RUS}} | Grigoriy Nesterenko type | 2017 | ex-Petr Schmidt, auctioned on March 21, 2018{{cite web |title=Venta por Subasta Pública Nro. 001-2018 – DIRBINFRATER |url=https://www.marina.mil.pe/es/evento/venta-por-subasta-publica-nro-001-2018-dirbinfrater/ |website=Marina de Guerra del Perú |access-date=July 28, 2018}} |
BAP Zorritos (ATP-155)
| {{RUS}} | Grigoriy Nesterenko type | 2017 |
{{BAP|Almirante Grau|CLM-81}}
| {{NED}} | {{sclass|De Zeven Provinciën|cruiser|4}} | ex-{{HNLMS|De Ruyter|C801}} |
BAP Guardian Rios (ARA-123)
| {{US}} | Offshore tugboat | Cherokee class | 2015 | ex-{{USS|Pinto|ATF-90|6}}, inactive since 2014, to be scrapped |
BAP Dueñas (ARB-126)
| {{US}} | Harbour tugboat | 2015 | ex-USS PC-1138, decommissioned in 1956 and sold, then first converted into icebreaker and finally into a tugboat (hull shortened), acquired by the Peruvian Navy in 1984. Inactive since 2014, to be scrapped{{cite web|title=Lapeer (PC 1138) ex-PC-1138|url=http://www.navsource.org/archives/12/011138.htm|website=NavSource Online: Submarine Chaser Photo Archive|publisher=NavSource Naval History|access-date=May 5, 2016}} |
BAP Unión (ABE-161)
| {{PER}} | Ilo class | December 2014 | ex-BAP Mollendo (ATC-131). Decommissioned in late 2014, towed to be scrapped in Ecuador. |
{{BAP|Carvajal|FM-51}}
| {{ITA}} | {{Sclass|Carvajal|frigate}} | 26 December 2013 | Transferred to the Coast Guard under the name {{BAP|Guardiamarina San Martin|PO-201}} after being stripped down of its missile weaponry and main radar, reclassified as Patrullera Oceánica (Offshore patrol vessel).{{cite web|title=Marina de Guerra del Perú realizará ceremonia de Zarpe de Expedición Científica a la Antártida – ANTAR XXII, Colocación de la Quilla del Remolcador Auxiliar de Salvamento y Patrullera Marítima, Transferencia del BAP Carvajal a DICAPI|url=https://www.marina.mil.pe/notas-de-prensa/125|publisher=Peruvian Navy|access-date=December 26, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227124018/https://www.marina.mil.pe/notas-de-prensa/125|archive-date=December 27, 2013}} |
{{BAP|Paita|DT-141}}
| {{US}} | Terrebonne Parish class | September 2012 | ex-{{USS|Walworth County|LST-1164}}, sunk as a target during the exercise Independencia |
{{BAP|Pisco|DT-142}}
| {{US}} | Terrebonne Parish class | 2012 | ex-{{USS|Waldo County|LST-1163}}, scrapped that year after sold. |
{{BAP|Ferré|DM-74}}
| {{UK}} | {{Sclass|Daring|destroyer (1949)|4}} | ex-{{HMS|Decoy|D106|6}} |
BAP Talara (ATP-152)
| {{PER}} | Replenishment tanker | Talara class | capable of underway replenishment at sea from the stern |
BAP Lobitos (ATP-153)
| {{PER}} | Sealift Pacific class | ex-USNS Sealift Caribbean (T-AOT-174) |
Equipment
Peacekeeping operations
The Peruvian Navy has been actively involved in several United Nations Peacekeeping Operations. As of June 2006 Naval Infantry and Special Operations troops have been deployed to United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) (embedded in the Argentine forces{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/unficyp/facts.html |title=UNFICYP Facts and Figures – United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus |publisher=United Nations |access-date=April 26, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090907233708/http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/unficyp/facts.html |archive-date=September 7, 2009 }} ) and United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH). Peruvian naval officers have also been deployed to United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC), United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire (UNOCI), United Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) as United Nations Militar Observers (UNMOs). By 2012 the Peruvian Navy sent its first officer to serve in United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei.
Gallery
File:BAP Carvajal Unitas 46-05.jpg|BAP Carvajal (FM-51).
File:BAP Sanchez Carrion Unitas 45-04.jpg|BAP Sánchez Carrión (CM-26).
File:Peruvian submarines during an exercise.jpg|Submarines BAP Pisagua (SS-33), BAP Chipana (SS-34), and BAP Islay (SS-35).
File:BAP Callao Unitas 45-04.jpg|Naval infantry coming ashore from BAP Callao (DT-143).
File:BAP Mollendo (ATC 131).jpg|BAP Mollendo (ATC-131).
File:NUEVAS EMBARCACIONES LLEVARÁN SEGURIDAD Y PROGRESO A LAS CUENCAS AMAZÓNICAS. (25053006414).jpg|BAP Clavero and BAP Castilla berthed in Iquitos Naval Base
File:BAP Unión (Callao).jpg|BAP Unión leaving the Callao harbour
See also
Notes
{{notelist}}
References
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
Sources
- Baker III, Arthur D., The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World 2002–2003. Naval Institute Press, 2002.
- Basadre, Jorge, Historia de la República del Perú. Editorial Universitaria, 1983.
- "La base de Chimbote", Caretas, 855: 31 (June 17, 1985).
- {{cite journal |last1=Gibbs |first1=Jay|title=Question 30/04: The Bolivian Navy in the War of the Pacific |journal=Warship International |date=2005 |volume=XLII |issue=3 |pages=242–247|issn=0043-0374}}
- Ortiz Sotelo, Jorge, Apuntes para la historia de los submarinos peruanos. Biblioteca Nacional, 2001.
- {{cite journal|last1=Pixley|first1=William|last2=Walker|first2=Hartley P. |year=2001 |title=Question 33/00: Peruvian Warships Loa and Victoria|journal=Warship International |publisher= International Naval Research Organization|volume=XXXVIII |issue=3|issn=0043-0374 |page=248|name-list-style=amp}}
- Rial, Juan, Los militares tras el fin del régimen de Fujimori-Montesinos.
- "Los Programas de Renovacion y Modernizacion de la Marina de Guerra del Peru", Alejo Marchessini – Revista Fuerzas de Defensa y Seguridad (FDS) N° 430. Paginas 32 a 35.
- "Entrevista al Almirante Carlos Tejada Mera, Comandante General de la MArina de Guerra del Peru", Alejo Marchessini – Revista Fuerzas de Defensa y Seguridad (FDS) N° 430. Paginas 36 a 43.
External links
- [http://www.marina.mil.pe Official Peruvian Navy Website]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20090830225051/http://maquina-de-combate.com/fotos_y_videos/Marina-de-Guerra-del-Peru Maquina de Combate] – Photo gallery.
- [http://www.sima.com.pe Servicio Industrial de la Marina] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051003070513/http://www.sima.com.pe/ |date=October 3, 2005 }} – Peruvian Navy Shipyards. In English and Spanish.
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20071222235210/http://members.lycos.co.uk/Juan39/PERUVIAN_MARITIME_CAMPAIGNS.html The Peruvian Navy: The XIX Century Maritime Campaigns] – a series of articles covering the history of the 19th century Peruvian Navy by Juan del Campo.
{{Peruvian Armed Forces}}
{{Navies in Latin America}}