Przhevalskoye
{{Infobox Russian inhabited locality
|en_name=Przhevalskoye
|ru_name=Пржевальское
|image_skyline=Администрация п Пржевальское.jpg
|image_caption=Administration building in Przhevalskoye
|coordinates = {{coord|55|31|N|31|52|E|display=inline,title}}
|map_label_position=bottom
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|anthem=
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|federal_subject=Smolensk Oblast
|federal_subject_ref=Resolution #261
|adm_district_jur=Demidovsky District
|adm_selsoviet_jur=Przhevalskoye
|adm_selsoviet_type=Urban settlement
|adm_ctr_of=Przhevalskoye Urban Settlement
|inhabloc_cat=Urban-type settlement
|inhabloc_type=Settlement
|mun_district_jur=Demidovsky Municipal District
|mun_district_jur_ref=Law #131-z
|urban_settlement_jur=Przhevalskoye Urban Settlement
|mun_admctr_of1=Przhevalskoye Urban Settlement
|mun_admctr_of1_ref={{OKTMO reference|66 611 153}}
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|area_km2=11.25
|pop_2010census=1683
|pop_2010census_ref={{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}
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|current_cat_date=1974
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|prev_name1=Sloboda
|postal_codes=216270
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{{Infobox
|title=Przhevalskoye population
|label1=2010 Census
|label2=2002 Census
|data2=2,110{{ru-pop-ref|2002Census}}
|label3=1989 Census
|data3=2,883{{ru-pop-ref|1989Census}}
|label4=1979 Census
|data4=2,811{{ru-pop-ref|1979Census}}
}}
Przhevalskoye ({{langx|ru|Пржева́льское}}) is an urban locality (a settlement) in Demidovsky District of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located in the northwestern part of the oblast, on Lake Sapsho, northeast of the town of Demidov, the administrative center of the district. It is a terminus of the Demidov-Przhevalskoye Highway. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,683.{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}
The settlement is home to the Museum of Nikolay Przhevalsky, which occupies the mansion of the famous traveler. Previously called Sloboda ({{lang|ru|Слобода́}}),Борисенков Ю. Новый рассвет над озером Сапшо // Поречанка. № 25/26, 31 марта 2006. — С. 4-5 it was renamed after Przhevalsky in 1964.[http://nasledie.smolensk.ru/pkns/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=368&Itemid=56 Культурное наследие земли Смоленской. «Здесь будет моё гнездо» Е. Гавриленкова] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721095630/http://nasledie.smolensk.ru/pkns/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=368&Itemid=56 |date=July 21, 2011 }}
History
The village of Sloboda was first mentioned in 1724 in connection with the building of the church,Епархиальные ведомости, 1901, № 11 although the place had been inhabited long before that. Archeologists found ceramic products of the 4th or 3rd millennium BCE.Шмидт Е. А. Древнерусские археологические памятники Смоленской области. — Ч. I. — М., 1982. — С. 53 In the 4th-8th centuries, it was inhabited by the Krivichs. People also lived in these lands at later times. Along the rivers and lakes (including Lake Sapsho), there was the trade route from the Varangians to the Greeks, and not so far away there was the second big city of the Principality of Smolensk called Verzhavsk ({{lang|ru|Вержавск}}).[http://bibliotekar.ru/rusNovgorod/75.htm Городище (Вержавск)]Седов В. В. К исторической географии Смоленской земли // Материалы по изучению Смоленской области: в 4. — Смоленск, 1961. — С.317-326 In the 19th century, it was an outlying area with little economic activity.Межевая книга сельца Слободы, сочинённая 1849 года июня 18 дня уездным поречским землемером Подъельским It was the reason why Nikolay Przhevalsky bought an estate here in 1881. In the middle of the 20th century, Przhevalskoye-Sloboda became famous during World War II for its partisan defenders.В. Гавриленков. Мы — горьковские! // Путь Ильича. № 31 (1087), 14 марта 1970. — С. 2 From September 1942 to September 1943, the front line ran through the village.К. Немцев. Бои местного значения // Путь Ильича. № 132, 14 ноября 1971. — С. 7 Almost all buildings were burnt. The partisans' staff was located in the partly ruined church.
In the 19th century, Sloboda belonged to Porechsky Uyezd of Smolensk Governorate. In 1927, it was transferred to Yartsevsky Uyezd of the same governorate.{{cite web|url=http://websprav.admin-smolensk.ru/it_obr/demidov/poseleniya/Prjevalsk/page1.html|script-title=ru:Пржевальское городское поселение|publisher=Przhevalskoye Urban Settlement|language=Russian|accessdate=15 September 2016}} On 12 July 1929, governorates and uyezds were abolished, and Slobodskoy District with the administrative center in Sloboda was established. The district belonged to Smolensk Okrug of Western Oblast. In 1930, the district was abolished and split between Demidovsky, Ilyinsky, Prechistensky, and Velizhsky Districts. In 1938, it was re-established. In 1960, Slobodskoy District was abolished and merged into Demidovsky District.{{cite web|url=http://www.journalsmolensk.ru/arhiv/12_124_10/14/14.PHP|script-title=ru:К истории формирования Смоленской области|last=Борис Парфенов|author2=Ольга Хоренженкова|publisher=Смоленск|language=Russian|accessdate=18 June 2016}}
The settlement has been serving as a health resort since mineral waters were discovered in the 1970s, and a sanatorium (the largest in Smolensk Oblast was built in 1974.{{Cite web |url=http://www.sanatori.ru/ |title=Санаторий имени Н. М. Пржевальского |access-date=June 27, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120115814/http://www.sanatori.ru/ |archive-date=January 20, 2019 |url-status=dead }}). Also in 1974, it was granted urban-type settlement status.
File:Санаторий Пржевальского.jpg
Przhevalskoye is also a part of Smolenskoye Poozerye National Park.
Climate
Przhevalskoye has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).
{{Weather box
|location = Przhevalskoye
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan high C = -4.3
|Feb high C = -3.3
|Mar high C = 2.2
|Apr high C = 10.9
|May high C = 17
|Jun high C = 20.2
|Jul high C = 22.8
|Aug high C = 21.3
|Sep high C = 15.7
|Oct high C = 8.3
|Nov high C = 2.4
|Dec high C = -1.6
|year high C =
|Jan mean C = -6.3
|Feb mean C = -5.9
|Mar mean C = -1.2
|Apr mean C = 6.5
|May mean C = 13
|Jun mean C = 16.5
|Jul mean C = 19.1
|Aug mean C = 17.6
|Sep mean C = 12.4
|Oct mean C = 5.9
|Nov mean C = 0.8
|Dec mean C = -3.3
|year mean C =
|Jan low C = -8.6
|Feb low C = -8.8
|Mar low C = -4.8
|Apr low C = 1.7
|May low C = 8.1
|Jun low C = 12.1
|Jul low C = 14.9
|Aug low C = 13.8
|Sep low C = 9
|Oct low C = 3.6
|Nov low C = -1
|Dec low C = -5.2
|year low C =
|Jan precipitation mm = 55
|Feb precipitation mm = 48
|Mar precipitation mm = 46
|Apr precipitation mm = 44
|May precipitation mm = 73
|Jun precipitation mm = 86
|Jul precipitation mm = 96
|Aug precipitation mm = 84
|Sep precipitation mm = 72
|Oct precipitation mm = 72
|Nov precipitation mm = 60
|Dec precipitation mm = 54
|year precipitation =
|date=May 2021|source=https://en.climate-data.org/asia/russian-federation/smolensk-oblast/przhevalskoye-564000/}}
Economy
=Transportation=
Sights
File:Вознесенская церковь, п Пржевальское.jpg
- Lake Sapsho with its six islands and one "under-water island", as well as tumuli nearby
- Lake Mutnoye (sapropelic mud)
- Museum of Nikolay Przhevalsky, explorer of Central Asia
- The church of the Ascension
References
=Notes=
{{Reflist}}
=Sources=
- {{RussiaAdmMunRef|smo|adm|list}}
- {{RussiaAdmMunRef|smo|mun|list|demidovsky}}
{{Smolensk Oblast}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2016}}