Quick Charge#Comparison to Pump Express

{{Short description|Proprietary charging technology}}

{{use dmy dates |date=December 2022}}

File:ACadapterJUP44100j5createPDCharger20210905TestUSB.jpg

Quick Charge (QC) is a proprietary battery charging protocol developed by Qualcomm, used for managing power delivered over USB, mainly by communicating to the power supply and negotiating a voltage.

Quick Charge is supported by devices such as mobile phones which run on Qualcomm system-on-chip (SoCs), and by some chargers; both device and charger must support QC, otherwise QC charging is not attained. It charges batteries in devices faster than standard USB allows by increasing the output voltage supplied by the USB charger, while adopting techniques to prevent the battery damage caused by uncontrolled fast charging and regulating the incoming voltage internally. Many chargers supporting Quick Charge 2.0 and later are wall adaptors, but it is implemented on some in-car chargers, and some power banks use it to both receive and deliver charge.

Quick Charge is also used by other manufacturers' proprietary rapid-charging systems.

Details

Quick Charge is a proprietary technology that can charge battery-powered devices, primarily mobile phones, at power levels exceeding the 7.5 watts (5 volts at 1.5 amps) supported by the USB BC 1.2 standard, using existing USB cables. The higher voltage available allows more power (watts) to be supplied through wires without excessive heating. As current is lower for the same power if voltage is increased, there is less resistive loss, which becomes significant for longer cables.

Numerous other companies have competing technologies, including MediaTek Pump Express and OPPO VOOC (licensed to OnePlus as Dash Charge), the latter of which supplies higher current without voltage increase, relying on thicker USB wires to handle the current without overheating, as described in {{section link|VOOC#Technology}}.{{Cite news |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/fast-charging-phones-quick-charge-dash-charging/|title= How fast can a fast-charging phone charge if a fast-charging phone can charge really fast? |newspaper= CNet |date=December 2, 2016 |access-date= 2016-12-04}}

File:QuickCharge trigger circuit board.jpg

Though not publicly documented, the voltage negotiation between device and charger has been reverse-engineered, and a custom voltage can be manually requested from the charger using a trigger circuit that simulates the negotiation to an end device.{{cite web |url=https://www.hackster.io/PSoC_Rocks/hacking-qualcomm-quick-charge-qc-2-0-3-0-with-attiny85-b7627d |work=Hackster.io |title=Custom voltage from Qualcomm Quick Charge powerbank. |date=March 20, 2018 }}{{cite web |url=https://hackaday.com/2017/03/04/unlocking-12v-quick-charge-on-a-usb-power-bank/ |work=Hackaday |title=Unlocking 12V Quick Charge On A USB Power Bank |date=2017-03-04 }}

Quick Charge requires both the power supply and the device being charged to support it, otherwise charging falls back to the standard USB ten watts.

Quick Charge 2.0 introduced an optional feature called Dual Charge (initially called Parallel Charging),{{Cite web|url=https://3gltesummit.qualcomm.com/sites/default/files/pdf/3GLTE2015_Qualcomm-ERoach_QuickCharge.pdf|title=Advancing charging technologies: Qualcomm Quick Charge|last=Roach|first=Everett|date=September 2015|website=Qualcomm}} using two PMICs to split the power into 2 streams to reduce phone temperature.{{Cite web|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/10846/qualcomm-announces-quick-charge-4|title=Qualcomm Announces Quick Charge 4: Supports USB Type-C Power Delivery|last=Humrick|first=Matt|website=www.anandtech.com|access-date=2019-08-20}}

Quick Charge 3.0 introduced INOV (Intelligent Negotiation for Optimal Voltage), Battery Saver Technologies, HVDCP+, and optional Dual Charge+. INOV is an algorithm that determines the optimum power transfer while maximizing efficiency. Battery Saver Technologies aims to maintain at least 80% of the battery's original charge capacity after 500 charge cycles.{{Cite web|url=https://www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2015/09/14/introducing-quick-charge-30-next-generation-fast-charging-technology|title=Introducing Quick Charge 3.0: next-generation fast charging technology|date=2015-09-14|website=Qualcomm|language=en|access-date=2019-08-20}} Qualcomm claims Quick Charge 3.0 is up to 4–6 °C cooler, 16% faster and 38% more efficient than Quick Charge 2.0, and that Quick Charge 3.0 with Dual Charge+ is up to 7–8 °C cooler, 27% faster and 45% more efficient than Quick Charge 2.0 with Dual Charge.

Quick Charge 4 was announced in December 2016 for the Snapdragon 835 and later chips. Quick Charge 4 supports HVDCP++, optional Dual Charge++, INOV 3.0, and Battery Saver Technologies 2. It is cross-compatible with both USB-C and USB-PD specifications, supporting fallback to USB-PD if either the charger or device is not QC-compatible. However, Quick Charge 4 chargers are not backward compatible with Quick Charge.{{Cite web|url=https://www.szapphone.com/blog/qualcomm-qc-4-0-guide/|title=Qualcomm QC 4.0 Guide: Version History and Relationship to USB PD|date=2023-08-09|website=APPHONE|language=en|access-date=2024-07-12}} It also features additional safety measures to protect against over-voltage, over-current and overheating, as well as cable quality detection. Qualcomm claims Quick Charge 4 with Dual Charge++ is up to 5 °C cooler, 20% faster and 30% more efficient than Quick Charge 3.0 with Dual Charge+.

Quick Charge 4+ was announced on June 1, 2017. It introduces Intelligent Thermal Balancing and Advanced Safety Features to eliminate hot spots and protect against overheating and short-circuit or damage to the USB-C connector. Dual Charge++ is mandatory, while in prior versions Dual Charge was optional. Unlike Quick Charge 4, Quick Charge 4+ is fully backward compatible with Quick Charge C 2.0 and 3.0 devices.{{Cite web|url=https://www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2017/06/01/fast-charging-look-qualcomm-quick-charge-4-your-next-mobile-device|title=For fast charging, look for Qualcomm Quick Charge 4+ in your next mobile device|date=2017-06-01|website=Qualcomm|language=en|access-date=2019-08-20}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2018/02/23/how-can-quick-charge-4-turbocharge-your-mobile-device|title=How can Quick Charge 4+ turbocharge your mobile device?|date=2018-02-23|website=Qualcomm|language=en|access-date=2019-08-20}}

Quick Charge 5 was announced on July 27, 2020.{{Cite web|url=https://www.qualcomm.com/news/releases/2020/07/27/qualcomm-announces-worlds-fastest-commercial-charging-solution-quick-charge|title = Qualcomm Announces World's Fastest Commercial Charging Solution, Quick Charge 5, World's First Commercial 100W+ Charging Platform|date = 27 July 2020}} With up to 100{{nbsp}}W of power, on a mobile phone with a 4500{{nbsp}}mAh battery, Qualcomm claims 50% charge in just 5 minutes. Qualcomm announced that this standard is cross-compatible with USB PD PPS programmable power supply, and that its technology can communicate with the charger when charging double cells and double the voltage and current out. For instance, a single battery requests 8.8{{nbsp}}V; the dual cell can then ask the PPS charger to output 17.6 volts and split it in half to the two separate batteries, providing 5.6 amps total to achieve 100 watts. The first phone supporting this technology was the Xiaomi Mi 10 Ultra.{{cite web |url=https://www.xda-developers.com/xiaomi-mi-10-ultra-first-phone-qualcomm-quick-charge-5/ |title=The Xiaomi Mi 10 Ultra is the first phone with Qualcomm's 100W+ Quick Charge 5 technology |website=www.xda{{nbh}}developers.com |last=Russell |first=Brandon |date=12 August 2020 |access-date=24 February 2021}}

= Quick Charge for Wireless Power =

On February 25, 2019, Qualcomm announced Quick Charge for Wireless Power. Quick Charge for Wireless Power falls back on the Qi standard by the Wireless Power Consortium if either the charger or device is not compatible.{{Cite web|url=https://www.qualcomm.com/news/releases/2019/02/25/qualcomm-announces-quick-charge-wireless-power-and-introduces-qi|title=Qualcomm Announces Quick Charge for Wireless Power and Introduces Qi Interoperability|date=2019-02-24|website=Qualcomm|language=en|access-date=2019-08-20}}

Versions

{{sticky header}}

class="wikitable sortable sticky-header"
rowspan=2 | Technology

! rowspan=2 | Release date

! rowspan=2 | Voltage

! colspan=2 | Maximum

! rowspan=2 | New features

! rowspan=2 | SoCs

Current

! Power{{efn|Some mobile phones deactivate fast charging during operation, and only activate fast charging during standby mode or power-off state.}}

Quick Charge 1.0

| 2013

| Up to 6.3 V[https://www.qualcomm.com/products/quick-charge-10 Qualcomm.com: Qualcomm Quick Charge 1.0 Battery Charger ICs]

| 2 A

| 10 W

| {{ubli

| AICL (Automatic Input Current Limit)

| APSD (Automatic Power Source Detection)

}}

| Snapdragon 215, 600{{Cite news |url=https://www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2013/02/14/qualcomm-quick-charge-10-less-time-charging-more-time-doing|title= Qualcomm Quick Charge 1.0: Less Time Charging, More Time Doing |date=2013-02-14| publisher =Qualcomm |access-date= 2016-12-05}}{{Cite web |url=http://www.androidauthority.com/quick-charge-explained-563838/|title= Qualcomm's Quick Charge 2.0 technology explained|website=Android Authority |access-date= 2016-12-05|date= 2014-11-06}}

Quick Charge 2.0

| 2014{{efn|The Galaxy Note 4, released in September 2014, was already equipped with Quick Charge 2.0.{{cite web |url=https://www.samsung.com/levant/support/mobile-devices/galaxy-note4-to-use-fast-charging-what-kind-of-charger-should-be-used/ |title=Galaxy Note 4: To use fast charging, what kind of charger should be used? |work=Samsung.com }}}}

| {{ubli

| Class A: 5 V, 9 V, 12 V

| Class B: 5 V, 9 V, 12 V, 20 V{{cite web |title=What is Qualcomm Quick Charge? |url=https://www.powerbankexpert.com/what-is-qualcomm-quick-charge-technology/ |website=Power Bank Expert |date=18 January 2020 |access-date=21 July 2020}}

}}

| 1.67 A, 2 A, or 3 A

| 18 W {{nowrap|(9 V × 2 A)}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.belkin.com/us/resource-center/quick-charge/|title=What is Qualcomm Quick Charge 3.0?|website=Belkin|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-20}}{{efn|Because Quick Charge 3.0 power supplies are backwards-compatible with Quick Charge 2.0, Quick Charge 3.0 chargers are often able to deliver more power to Quick Charge 2.0 loads than Quick Charge 2.0 chargers, since Quick Charge 3.0 chargers support higher currents at the same voltages.}}

| {{ubli

| HVDCP (High Voltage Dedicated Charging Port)

| Dual Charge (optional)

}}

| Snapdragon 200, 208, 210, 212, 400, 410, 412, 415, 425, 610, 615, 616, 653, 800, 801, 805, 808, 810{{cite web |url=https://www.qualcomm.com/products/snapdragon/processors/comparison|title= Compare Snapdragon Processors |publisher= Qualcomm |access-date= 14 May 2017}}

Quick Charge 3.0

| 2016

| 3.2 or 3.6 V – 20 V in 0.2 V increments. (inconsistent sources){{cite web |title=Qualcomm Quick Charge 3.0: the Good, the Bad, and the Ugly |url=https://pocketnow.com/qualcomm-quick-charge-3-0 |website=pocketnow.com |date=22 September 2015 |language=en |quote=voltage between 3.2V and 20V at 200mV increments}}

| 2.6 A, or 4.6 A{{Cite web | publisher = Qualcomm |url=https://www.qualcomm.com/products/quick-charge-3|title= Quick Charge 3.0 specs}}

| 36 W {{nowrap|(12 V × 3 A)}}

| {{ubli

| HVDCP+

| Dual Charge+ (optional)

| INOV 1.0 & 2.0

| Battery Saver Technologies

}}

| Snapdragon 427, 429, 430, 435, 439, 450, 460, 617, 620, 625, 626, 632, 650, 652, 653, 662, 665, 680, 820, 821

Quick Charge 3+

|2020

|scalable voltage with 20mV steps from Quick Charge 4

|{{dunno}}

|{{dunno}}

| {{ubli

| Integrated cable power capability/identification

| Various safety mechanisms

}}

|Snapdragon 765, 765G{{Cite web |title=Introducing Qualcomm Quick Charge 3+, fast and efficient charging for the masses |url=https://www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2020/04/27/introducing-quick-charge-3-fast-and-efficient-charging-masses |access-date=2022-03-02}}

Quick Charge 4

|rowspan=2| 2017

|rowspan=2| {{ubli

| via QC: 3.6–20 V in 20 mV increments

| via USB PD: 5 V, 9 V{{citation needed|date=April 2023}}

| via USB PD 3.0 PPS: 3–21 V in 20 mV increments{{Cite news|url=http://www.frescologic.com/news-room/single/fresco-logic-to-demonstrate-the-industrys-first-usb-c-pd3-0-programmable-power-supply-pps-total-solution/|title=Fresco Logic to demonstrate the Industry's First USB-C PD3.0 Programmable Power Supply (PPS) Total Solution|access-date=2018-02-25|archive-date=28 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228161959/http://www.frescologic.com/news-room/single/fresco-logic-to-demonstrate-the-industrys-first-usb-c-pd3-0-programmable-power-supply-pps-total-solution/|url-status=dead}}

}}

|rowspan=2| {{ubli

| via QC: 2.6 A, or 4.6 A

| via USB PD: 3 A

}}

|rowspan=2| {{ubli

| via QC: 100 W {{nowrap|(20 V × 5 A)}}

| via USB PD: 27 W

}}

| {{ubli

| HVDCP++

| Dual Charge++ (optional)

| INOV 3.0

| Battery Saver Technologies 2.0

| USB PD compatible

| Cable Quality Detection

}}

| Snapdragon 630, 636, 660, 710,{{Cite news|url=https://www.qualcomm.com/products/snapdragon-710-mobile-platform|title=Snapdragon 710 Mobile Platform Qualcomm|work=Qualcomm|access-date=2018-08-25|language=en}}{{cite web|url=https://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/files/snapdragon-710-product-brief.pdf|title=Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ 710 Mobile Platform}} 720G, 835,{{Cite news |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/qualcomm-quick-charge-4-hours-of-battery-life-in-just-minutes/|title= Qualcomm can charge your phone faster than you can read this story |newspaper= CNET |access-date= 2016-12-04}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.qualcomm.com/products/snapdragon/processors/835|title=Snapdragon 835 Mobile Platform|work=Qualcomm|access-date=2018-08-25}} 845{{Cite web |title=Snapdragon 845 Mobile Platform {{!}} Qualcomm |url=https://www.qualcomm.com/products/application/smartphones/snapdragon-8-series-mobile-platforms/snapdragon-845-mobile-platform |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=www.qualcomm.com |language=en}}

Quick Charge 4+

| {{ubli

| Dual Charge++ (mandatory)

| Intelligent Thermal Balancing

| Advanced Safety Features

}}

|Snapdragon 480, 480+, 4 Gen 1, 670, 675, 678, 690, 695, 6 Gen 1, 712, 730, 730G, 732G, 750G, 765, 765G, 768G, 778G, 780G, 7 Gen 1,{{Cite web |title=Snapdragon 7 Gen 1 Mobile Platform {{!}} Qualcomm |url=https://www.qualcomm.com/products/application/smartphones/snapdragon-7-series-mobile-platforms/snapdragon-7-gen-1-mobile-platform |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=www.qualcomm.com |language=en}} 855, 855+/860, 865, 865+, 870{{Cite news|url=https://www.qualcomm.com/products/snapdragon-845-mobile-platform|title=Snapdragon 845 Mobile Platform {{!}} Qualcomm|work=Qualcomm|access-date=2018-01-04}}{{cite web|url=https://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/files/snapdragon-845-mobile-platform-product-brief.pdf|title=Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ 845 Mobile Platform}}

Quick Charge 5

| 2020

|{{dunno}}

|{{dunno}}

| >100{{nbsp}}W (30V+)

| {{ubli

| >100{{nbsp}}W charging power

| 100% in 15 minutes

| Better thermal management (not more than 40 °C)

| Dual Charge

}}

| Snapdragon 888, 888+, 8 Gen 1, 8+ Gen 1,{{Cite web |title=Snapdragon 8+ Gen 1 Mobile Platform {{!}} Latest premium-tier powerhouse {{!}} Qualcomm |url=https://www.qualcomm.com/products/application/smartphones/snapdragon-8-series-mobile-platforms/snapdragon-8-plus-gen-1-mobile-platform |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=www.qualcomm.com |language=en}} 7+ Gen 2,{{Cite web |title=Snapdragon 7+ Gen 2 Mobile Platform {{!}} Qualcomm |url=https://www.qualcomm.com/products/mobile/snapdragon/smartphones/snapdragon-7-series-mobile-platforms/snapdragon-7-plus-gen-2-mobile-platform |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=www.qualcomm.com |language=en}} 8 Gen 2,{{Cite web |title=Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Mobile Platform {{!}} Qualcomm |url=https://www.qualcomm.com/products/mobile/snapdragon/smartphones/snapdragon-8-series-mobile-platforms/snapdragon-8-gen-2-mobile-platform |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=www.qualcomm.com |language=en}} 8 Gen 3{{Cite web |title=Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 Mobile Platform {{!}} Qualcomm |url=https://www.qualcomm.com/products/mobile/snapdragon/smartphones/snapdragon-8-series-mobile-platforms/snapdragon-8-gen-3-mobile-platform |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=www.qualcomm.com |language=en}}

Other charging protocols

{{Main|USB-PD}}

=Compatible with QC-enabled chargers=

  • Adaptive Fast Charging (Samsung){{efn|Samsung's own 15{{nbsp}}W Quick Charge 2.0 mobile phone chargers only support 5 and 9 volts (at 2{{nbsp}}A and 1.67{{nbsp}}A respectively), not 12 volts (at which 1.25{{nbsp}}A is supported by some other 15{{nbsp}}W Quick Charge 2.0 chargers).{{Cite web|title=Samsung EP-TA20EWEU|url=https://www.samsung.com/de/mobile-accessories/travel-adapter-micro-usb-ta20-ep-ta20eweugww/#specs|access-date=2020-11-08|website=Samsung de|language=de-DE}}{{Cite web|title=Voltcraft CQCP2400 operating instructions|url=https://asset.conrad.com/media10/add/160267/c1/-/gl/001389717ML02/gebruiksaanwijzing-1389717-voltcraft-cqcp-2400-cqcp-2400-usb-oplader-auto-vrachtwagen-uitgangsstroom-max-2400-ma-1-x-usb-qualcomm-quick-charge.pdf|publisher=Voltcraft|type=User manual|quote=Output voltage/current 5 V/DC, max. 2400 mA or 9 V/DC, max. 1670 mA or 12 V/DC, max. 1250 mA}}}}
  • Super Fast Charging (Samsung)
  • BoostMaster (Asus)
  • Dual-Engine Fast Charging (Vivo, pre-2020 models only) – interchangeable with Dash Charge and VOOC
  • Mi Fast Charge (Xiaomi)
  • TurboPower (Motorola)

=Other proprietary protocols=

  • DART (Realme, 2020 to 2022 ) – interchangeable with SuperVOOC, Super Flash Charge, and Warp Charge
  • Pump Express (MediaTek)
  • Super Flash Charge (Vivo, 2020 onwards) – interchangeable with SuperVOOC, DART, and Warp Charge
  • SuperCharge (Huawei)
  • SuperVOOC (OPPO, from 2019 to present and Realme, from 2022 to present) – interchangeable with DART, Super Flash Charge, and Warp Charge
  • VOOC (OPPO, until 2019 and pre-2020 Realme models) – interchangeable with Dash Charge and Dual-Engine Fast Charging
  • Warp Charge, formerly Dash Charge (OnePlus) – interchangeable with Super Flash Charge, SuperVOOC, VOOC, Dual-Engine Fast Charging, and DART
  • XCharge (Infinix)
  • Apple Lightning

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

{{reflist}}