RPCS3

{{Infobox software

| title = RPCS3

| name = RPCS3

| screenshot = This is a screenshot capture of RPCS3 running in Windows 10.png

| caption = RPCS3 running on Windows 11

| collapsible =

| author = DH, Hykem, AlexAltea

| developer = (RPCS3 TEAM) Nekotekina, kd-11, elad335, jarveson, Megamouse, hcorion, scribam, ruipin, isJuhn, Galciv, Numan{{cite web|url=https://github.com/RPCS3/rpcs3/graphs/contributors|title=Contributors to RPCS3/rpcs3|publisher=GitHub}}

| released = {{Start date and age|2011|05|23}}

| discontinued = No

| latest release version = None

| latest preview version = v0.0.32-16834 Alpha

| latest preview date = {{Start date and age|2024|08|16}}{{cite web|title=Downloads|url=https://rpcs3.net/download|website=rpcs3.net|access-date=13 April 2023}}

| repo = {{URL|https://github.com/rpcs3/rpcs3/}}

| programming language = C++, GLSL and C

| operating system = Windows, macOS, Linux, FreeBSD

| platform = x86-64, ARM64

| language = English

| genre = Video game console emulator

| license = GNU General Public License version 2.0

| website = {{URL|https://rpcs3.net/}}

}}

RPCS3 is a free and open-source emulator and debugger for the Sony PlayStation 3 that runs on Windows, Linux, FreeBSD and macOS operating systems, allowing PlayStation 3 games and software to be played and debugged on a personal computer. It is in active development, targeting x86-64 and ARM64{{efn|For macOS devices.}} CPUs featuring OpenGL and Vulkan as backend renderers.

As of August 2024, nearly 70% of PlayStation 3 games have been classified as "playable", meaning that a significant portion of the native library can be played from start to finish without any major problems.{{Cite web |last=wololo |date=2024-08-05 |title=RPCS3 (PS3 Emulator) 0.0.32 gets improved CPU detection + countless improvements |url=https://wololo.net/2024/08/05/rpcs3-ps3-emulator-0-0-32-gets-improved-cpu-detection-countless-improvements/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240822130737/https://wololo.net/2024/08/05/rpcs3-ps3-emulator-0-0-32-gets-improved-cpu-detection-countless-improvements/ |archive-date=2024-08-22 |access-date=2024-08-28 |website=Wololo.net |language=en-US}}

Development

Despite the general idea that the complexity of the PlayStation 3's Cell architecture would prevent it from being emulated,{{cite web |last=Usher |first=William |date=2014-03-08 |title=PS3 Emulator Can Now Run Commercial Games |url=https://www.cinemablend.com/games/PS3-Emulator-Can-Now-Run-Commercial-Games-62686.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313053021/https://www.cinemablend.com/games/PS3-Emulator-Can-Now-Run-Commercial-Games-62686.html |archive-date=2014-03-13 |access-date=2017-03-03 |website=CinemaBlend}} RPCS3 released on May 23, 2011, by programmers DH and Hykem as a working emulator.{{cite web |date=2011-05-23 |title=rpcs3 r1 Google Code |url=https://code.google.com/p/rpcs3/source/detail?r=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140314021939/https://code.google.com/p/rpcs3/source/detail?r=1 |archive-date=2014-03-14 |via=Google Code}} The developers initially hosted the project on Google Code and eventually moved it to GitHub on August 27, 2013. The emulator was first able to successfully run simple homebrew projects in September 2011{{cite web |date=2011-05-23 |title=rpcs3 r28 on Google Code |url=https://code.google.com/p/rpcs3/source/detail?r=28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120820004504/https://code.google.com/p/rpcs3/source/detail?r=28 |archive-date=2012-08-20 |via=Google Code}} and got its first public release in June 2012 as v0.0.0.2.{{cite web |date=2012-06-01 |title=rpcs3 tag 0.0.0.2 |url=https://code.google.com/p/rpcs3/downloads/list |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130106221557/http://code.google.com/p/rpcs3/downloads/list |archive-date=2013-01-06 |via=Google Code}}

On February 9, 2017, RPCS3 received its first implementation of a PPE thread scheduler, enhancing its emulation of the many-core Cell microprocessor.{{cite web |url=https://github.com/RPCS3/rpcs3/pull/2349 |title=Pull request #2349 - [WIP] PPU scheduler |access-date=2017-03-03 |via=GitHub}} On February 16, 2017, RPCS3 gained the ability to install official PlayStation 3 firmware directly to its core file system.{{cite web |url=https://github.com/RPCS3/rpcs3/commit/458dbbd15d57ae6df928774d4dd83317635482e3 |title=PS3UPDAT.PUP installer (#2386) · RPCS3/rpcs3@458dbbd |access-date=2017-03-03 |via=GitHub}} In May 2017, it was reported that the implementation of the Vulkan graphics API had shown some performance improvements approaching 400%, pushing several games into "playable" status.{{cite web|url=https://www.eteknix.com/rpcs3-vulkan-api/|title=RPCS3 Gets Performance Boost with Vulkan API|last=Donnell|first=Peter|date=2017-05-22|website=Eteknix|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190122004353/https://www.eteknix.com/rpcs3-vulkan-api/|archive-date=2019-01-22|url-status=live}}

In July 2022, the developers of RPCS3 implemented save states into the emulator. This feature had previously been considered infeasible due to technical limitations.{{Cite web |last=Bailey |first=Dustin |date=2022-08-04 |title=PS3 emulator RPCS3 finally adds save states |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/ps3-emulator-rpcs3-finally-adds-save-states/ |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=GamesRadar |language=en}}

In September 2024, a build of RPCS3 native to the ARM64 CPU architecture for macOS devices with Apple silicon system-on-chip was released on GitHub.{{Citation |title=RPCS3/rpcs3-binaries-mac-arm64 |date=2024-09-25 |url=https://github.com/RPCS3/rpcs3-binaries-mac-arm64 |access-date=2024-09-25 |publisher=RPCS3}}

Requirements

As of late 2024, the OS requirements are:

Windows: 10 or later.
macOS: Monterey (12.0) or later.
Linux: 5.4 or later.
FreeBSD: 13.3 or later.

Prior to this, the requirements for Mac and PC were lower at macOS 11.6 or later and Windows 7 or later, respectively. The PC must have at least 4 GB of RAM, 8 GB recommended, an x86-64 CPU and a GPU supporting one of the supported graphics APIs: OpenGL 4.3 or greater, or Vulkan, the latter being recommended. Additional support for SIMD CPU instruction sets such as AVX-2 and AVX-512 is also recommended for best performance. Apart from the game itself to be run, the emulator requires the PlayStation 3's firmware, which can be downloaded from Sony's official website.{{Cite web |last= |title=Quickstart |url=https://rpcs3.net/quickstart |access-date=2023-05-18 |website=RPCS3 |language=en-US}}

Legal challenges

RPCS3 received significant media attention in April 2017 for its ability to emulate Persona 5, achieving playability prior to the game's Western release date.{{cite web|url=https://www.pcgamer.com/persona-5-is-playable-on-pc-with-this-ps3-emulator/|title=Persona 5 is playable on PC with this PS3 emulator|last=Prescott|first=Shaun|date=2017-04-03|website=PC Gamer|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170621050912/https://www.pcgamer.com/persona-5-is-playable-on-pc-with-this-ps3-emulator/|archive-date=2017-06-21|url-status=live}}{{cite web |last=Plunkett |first=Luke |date=2017-04-04 |title=Here's Persona 5 'Running' On A PC |url=https://kotaku.com/heres-persona-5-running-on-a-pc-1794012308 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623141254/https://kotaku.com/heres-persona-5-running-on-a-pc-1794012308 |archive-date=2018-06-23 |website=Kotaku}}{{cite web|url=https://heavy.com/games/2017/04/persona-5-pc-emulation-rpcs3-ps4-ps3/|title='Persona 5' Running on PC Emulation|last=Becht|first=Eli|date=2017-04-05|website=Heavy.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180319223056/https://heavy.com/games/2017/04/persona-5-pc-emulation-rpcs3-ps4-ps3/|archive-date=2018-03-19|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://venturebeat.com/2017/04/03/persona-5-is-up-and-running-on-one-of-the-pcs-playstation-3-emulators/|title=Persona 5 is up and running on one of the PC's PlayStation 3 emulators|last=Grubb|first=Jeff|date=2017-04-03|website=VentureBeat|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623085057/https://venturebeat.com/2017/04/03/persona-5-is-up-and-running-on-one-of-the-pcs-playstation-3-emulators/|archive-date=2018-06-23|url-status=live}} In September 2017, Persona developer Atlus issued a DMCA takedown notice against RPCS3's Patreon page. The action was motivated by the Patreon page making frequent mentions on the emulator's progress on emulating Persona 5. The demand, however, was settled by only removing all Persona 5 references from the page.{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2017/09/27/atlus-ps3-emulator-takedown/|title=Atlus tried to take down a PS3 emulator advertising 'Persona 5'|last=Moon|first=Mariella|date=2017-09-27|website=Engadget|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929122423/https://www.engadget.com/2017/09/27/atlus-ps3-emulator-takedown/|archive-date=2017-09-29|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2017/09/atlus-wants-to-cut-off-a-ps3-emulator-because-it-runs-persona-5/|title=Atlus wants to cut off a PS3 emulator because it runs Persona 5|last=Orland|first=Kyle|date=2017-09-27|website=ArsTechnica|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170930005120/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2017/09/atlus-wants-to-cut-off-a-ps3-emulator-because-it-runs-persona-5/|archive-date=2017-09-30|url-status=live}}