Raja Kam Dev Sakarwar
{{Short description|Ruler in north India (1438–1532)}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Maharaja Kamdev Misir
| title = Maharaja
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| reign = 1462-1527 (the Rao of Pahargarh Estate)
1527-1530 (Raja of Fatehabad)
1530-1532 (ruler of Birpur estate)
| coronation =
| predecessor = Maharaja Jayarajadev Misir
| successor = Raja Dhamdeo Rao Misir
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 1438 CE
| birth_place = Vijaypur Sikri, India
| death_date = 1532 (aged 94 )
| death_place = Reotipur, Ghazipur, India
| spouse = two wives
| issue = *Achal Misir (b.1456)
- Vichal Misir (b.1458)
- Sarang Misir (b.1461)
- Rohit Misir (b.1465)
- (Children from second wife is not known)
| full name = Maharaja Kam Dev Misir urf Rao Dalpat
| house = Sakarwar Clan
| father = Maharaja Jayarajadev Misir
| religion = Hinduism
}}
Maharaja Kam Dév Misir (1438–1532) was a Sakarwar Bhumihar king who belonged to Sankrit Gotra who ruled over the region of Fatehpur Sikri and then Fatuhabad near Fatehpur.{{Cite book |last=Ansari |first=Saiyad Hasan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dxDWbsztdVQC&q=Kanyakubja+Bhumihar+Rajput+Pathan |title=Evolution and Spatial Organization of Clan Settlements: A Case Study of Middle Ganga Valley |date=1986 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |language=en}}{{cite journal
| title = Rural Insurgency During the Indian Revolt of 1857-59: Meghar Singh and the Uprising of the Sakarwars
| url = https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/026272800202200202
| journal = South Asia Research
| publisher = SAGE Publications
| doi = 10.1177/026272800202200202
| access-date = April 27, 2025
| url = https://archive.org/details/rDlx_kanya-kubja-vanshavali-devanagari-by-sri-pt.-lalmani-dharma-shastri-ji-shri-janta-book-stall-ka
| title = Kanya Kubja Vanshavali (Devanagari)
| author = Sri Pt. Lalmani Dharma Shastri Ji
| access-date = 2025-04-28
He was a ruler of Pahargarh Estate, which mainly comprised what are now the cities of Morena, Gwalior, Jhansi, and Shivpuri. Maharaja Kam Dev was the son of Maharaja Jayraj Dev Singh who was the ruler of the Vijaypur Sikri kingdom. (Fatehpur Sikri). With this Kam Dev and Dham Dev (Kam 's younger brother) were an ally of Rana Sanga.{{Cite book |last=Rao |first=Janardan|title=Dhamadeva Pradipika |date=1999 |publisher=Jauhari Printers|page=4,5,9,848,850 |language=hi}}{{Cite book |last=Oldham |first=Wilton |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=THoNAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA173 |title=Historical and Statistical Memoir of the Ghazeepoor District |date=1870 |publisher=Printed at the Government Press, North-western provinces |language=en}}{{Cite web |date=2022-12-01 |title=Ghazipur: A Gazetteer being Vol. XXIX of the District Gazetteers of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh |url=https://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/handle/10973/37271 |access-date=2024-12-28 |website=web.archive.org |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20221201224151/https://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/handle/10973/37271 |archive-date=2022-12-01}}{{Cite book |last=Sharma |first=Anurag |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zVmaEAAAQBAJ&dq=Battle+of+Madarpur&pg=PT46 |title=Brahmins Who Refused To Beg: Brief History Of Bhumihars, "Ayachak" Brahmins Of East India |date=2022-11-12 |publisher=Notion Press |isbn=979-8-88833-371-6 |language=en}}{{Cite book |last=Oldham |first=Wilton |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.53598 |title=Memoir Of The Ghazeepoor District Pt.1 |date=1870}} Kam Dev's descendants went on to populate the areas around Ghazipur and became Sakarwar Bhumihars, while his brother Dham Dev Rao’s descendants became Sakarwar Rajputs of Morena.
File:Kam_Dev_Family.jpeg's descendants and Kamsar Pathans, from Sankrit Bhumihar Gotra.]]
Biography
=Early life=
{{More citations needed|date=May 2025}}
Raja Kam Dev Misir was born in 1438 CE at Vijaypur Sikri{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}} in a Bhumihar family of Sankrit Gotra. His father, Maharaja Jayraj Dev Singh was the ruler of the Vijaypur Sikri kingdom{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}. Kam Dev had two younger brothers: Dhamdeo Rao (also known as Rao Dham Dev) and Vikram Pratap Dev Singh. His father allocated parts of the Pahadgarh estate to him{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}. Kam Dev's coronation took place in 1462. He also served as the army chief of his father's military. The notable ruler of Sikri was Rao Anupdev during whose time Vijayapur Sikri was renovated. Rav Anupdev Singh provided the necessary where with all for its renovation. The famous ANUP TAL still exists in his name. He had two sons Krishnadev (Kishun Dev) and Pratap Dev. Krishnadev had two sons Jayarajdev and Vijayaraj Dev. Pratap Dev had only one- Udayaraj. The kingdom of Vijayapur Sikri was handed over to Maharaja Jayarajadev Misir. when Kamdev became old, Dhamdev Rao managed the affairs of Vijaypur Sikri.{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
After the death of, Maharaja Jayaraj dev Singh (1420–1504), in 1504. Kam Dev's brother Raja Dham Dev Misir(1458–1540) was crowned as the king of Vijaypur Sikri. Vijaypur Sikri was a large kingdom consisting of Fatehpur Sikri (parts of Agra), Karauli, Dholpur, Etawah, Auraiya, parts of Kanpur,Unnao and Chitrakoot, Fatehpur, Morena, Bhind and Sheopur. While Dhamdev ruled Vijaypur Sikri, Kam Dev governed the Pahadgarh estate. The youngest brother, Vikram Pratap Dev, was responsible for handling the affairs of both brothers' territories. After their father's death, Kam Dev became the army chief of Dham Dev's army, during the times of Kam Dev and Dham Dev Rao they commissioned rebuilding of Shergarh Fort located at Dholpur. The Sabalgarh fort once served as the centre of administration during the rule of Sakarwar bhumihar.File:Sabalgarh-Fort-Top-View.jpg which was under the administration of sakarwar Bhumihar, it was built by a gurjar ruler named 'Sabal', although most of its present structure was built by a Raja Gopal Singh of Karauli State, when it was taken over by Marathas from Sikarwar's.{{Cite book |last=India |first=Central |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1_wbAQAAIAAJ |title=The Central India State Gazetteer Series |date=1908 |publisher=Thacker, Spink |language=en}}]]
Following the Battle of Khanwa, Kam Dev lost his kingdom but retained control over Kanpur, Kannauj, and Fatehpur. Kam Dev and his brother Dham Dev established their new capital at Madarpur. However, after their defeat in the Battle of Madarpur, they moved to Ghazipur. In Ghazipur, they established their control on Birpur, which was previously ruled by the Chero dynasty and Dikhit Rajputs. After a battle in 1530, Kam Dev overthrew the ruler of Birpur and became the ruler of the Birpur estate.
=Migration=
After the defeat in the Battle of Khanwa, many rulers fled their primary towns and cities. Kam Dev's family was divided, with part of his family staying in Pahadgarh, while the other part relocated. Kam Dev had four sons. His eldest son's family moved to Kanpur district with him, while his second son, Vichal Misir, had part of his family remain in Pahadgarh, while the other part moved to Kanpur. The remaining two sons' families also joined Kam Dev in Kanpur by 1527. Dham Dev and his brother Vikram Partap Dev also relocated their families to Kanpur district.
=The Battle of Madarpur=
After the three brothers settled in Kanpur with a large amount of gold coins and the statue of their clan deity, Mata Khamakhya, they became wealthy zamindars of the region. As they established their rule in Kanpur, Babur planned to attack their fort in Madarpur. This led to the Battle of Madarpur against Babur's general, Mir Baqi. Unfortunately, Kam Dev and his brothers, with their relatively small army, were defeated in 1528.{{Cite web |title=सैयद वंश व मुगलकालीन खंडहरों के ध्वंसावशेष - |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/azamgarh-8981760.html |access-date=2025-01-25 |website=Jagran |language=hi}}
=Migration to Ghazipur=
On 26 October 1530, Kam Dev and Dham Dev migrated to Ghazipur, first settling at Sakardih, because of floods Kam Dev's family, migrated and settled in a place and kept its name Dalpatpur, now known as Reotipur. Dham dev settled at Gahmar, and married his daughter, Rani Gangawati to King Sahilwhan, the ruler of Chainpur State, in year 1530. Rana Sanga's son Ratan Singh had attended the marriage along with Gangawati's Maternal Uncle and, brother in law of Dham Dev, Raja Suraj Mal, the ruler of Bundi. Dham Dev founded Gahmar, and his descendants established 84 villages near to it, including the town of Chausa, and Bhabua and Chainpur in Kaimur. While Kam Dev's brother Biram Dev took his abode to Assam. His second sons Vichal Singh's family moved to Chhapra. Sarang Misir's family founded, 56 villages in Kochas tehsil. His fourth son Rohit's family founded, 60 villages in Kaimur district, and 60 villages near Chausa. While other than the settlement in Ghazipur and Kaimur, there is a branch of Sikarwar's of Morena district who trace their ancestry from a man named Dalkhu baba, (probably Kam Dev), they are probably the descendants from his second wife, from whom he had seven sons. The descendants at Morena founded a total of 62 villages there.
In the family of Anchal Misir, Kam Dev's eldest son, had two sons name as Harish Chandra and Reosar. Reosar's descendants founded Nagsar. While Harishchandra had four sons, the eldest Rajmal Rao founded Tilwa, the second Sansar Rao founded Suhawal and Gaura, the third Gosai Rao founded Ramwal and adopted Islam, while the descendants of Puranmal Rao, the youngest (although some sources say he was the eldest and main heir after him) became the main owners of the estate, and established the large villages of Reotipur, Sherpur, and Basuka. The eldest son of Puranmal named as Raja Narhar Khan adopted Islam in 1542 and from him comes the most prominent branch known as "Kamsari Pathans" who founded Dildarnagar Kamsar.
References
{{reflist}}
- Dham Dev Pradipika, by Lal Bahadur Rao,
- Bhraharshimvansh, by Swami Sahajanand Saraswati
- Bhumihar Brahmins itihas ke darpan men, by Pandit Naganand Vatsayan
- Sikarwar on ka itihas, by Satya Narayan Singh Gahmari
- Bihar research society, by Dr. S.B Soni
- Kamsarnama, by Suhail Khan