Rma script

{{Short description|Abugida of the Qiang language}}

{{More citations needed|date=April 2025}}

{{Infobox writing system

| name = Rma script

| altname = Rrmea bapa

| type = alphabet with abugida-like characteristics

| languages = {{hlist | Qiang language }}

| time = 2017–present

| creator = Wei Jiuqiao ({{langx|zh|魏久乔}})

| unicode = proposed{{cite web |last1=Chan |first1=Eiso |last2=Wei |first2=Jiuqiao |last3=Sims |first3=Nathaniel |title=Preliminary proposal to encode Rma script to UCS |url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2022/22130-rma-script.pdf |website=Unicode |publisher=Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set |access-date=13 November 2024 |language=en |date=6 June 2022}} (U+16140 - U+1617F)

| iso15924 =

| sample =

| direction = left to right, new line underneath

}}

File:Qiang Rma.png

The Rma script ({{langx|cng|Rrmea bapa}}) is an alphabet with some abugida-like features{{cite web |title=Qiang Script |url=https://weijiuqiao.github.io/qiang_script/ |website=weijiuqiao.github.io |access-date=13 November 2024}} devised for the Qiang language, spoken in Sichuan Province in the southwest of China. It was finalized in 2017 by scholar Wei Jiuqiao.{{cite web |title=Qiang / Rma Script |url=https://omniglot.com/writing/rma.htm |website=omniglot.com |access-date=13 November 2024}}

The script fits the phonology of the standardized language of the Northern Qiang variety of Qugu, officially written with the Roman script using the Qiang Phonetic Alphabet Scheme. Whereas Northern Qiang varieties have length contrasts, Southern Qiang varieties have phonemic tone contrasts; thus a version with tonal diacritics has also been produced, and has been used for the Southern Qiang variety of Luobuzhai ({{lang-zh|s=萝卜寨|p=Luóbozhài}}) in Wenchuan County. It has gained substantial recognition among the Qiang people, and various books have been published in it.

In 2022, a preliminary proposal was made to encode this system in the Universal Character Set of Unicode.

Consonants

The ordering of the consonants proceeds from labial stops to velar stops and then to the affricates; in this regard, its ordering is similar to the Bopomofo system for Standard Chinese.

In contrast to true abugidas, the consonant glyphs do not have inherent vowels attached, and thus is closer to a true alphabet.

class=wikitable
align=center

|50px
b
/{{IPA|p}}/

|50px
p
/{{IPA|pʰ}}/

|50px
bb
/{{IPA|b}}/

|50px
m
/{{IPA|m}}/

|50px
f
/{{IPA|f}}/

|50px
w
/{{IPA|w}}/

|50px
wf
/{{IPA|v}}/

align=center

|50px
d
/{{IPA|t}}/

|50px
t
/{{IPA|tʰ}}/

|50px
dd
/{{IPA|d}}/

|50px
n
/{{IPA|n}}/

|50px
lh
/{{IPA|ɬ}}/

|50px
l
/{{IPA|l}}/

|50px
lr
/{{IPA|lʴ}}/

align=center

|50px
g
/{{IPA|k}}/

|50px
k
/{{IPA|kʰ}}/

|50px
gg
/{{IPA|ɡ}}/

|50px
ng
/{{IPA|ŋ}}/

|50px
h
/{{IPA|h}}/

|50px
hh
/{{IPA|ɣ}}/

|{{n/a}}

align=center

|50px
j
/{{IPA|tɕ}}/

|50px
q
/{{IPA|tɕʰ}}/

|50px
jj
/{{IPA|dʑ}}/

|50px
x
/{{IPA|ɕ}}/

|50px
xx
/{{IPA|ʑ}}/

|50px
y
/{{IPA|j}}/

|{{n/a}}

align=center

|50px
gv
/{{IPA|q}}/

|50px
kv
/{{IPA|qʰ}}/

|50px
v
/{{IPA|χ}}/

|50px
vh
/{{IPA|ɦ}}/

|50px
vv
/{{IPA|ʁ}}/

|{{n/a}}

|{{n/a}}

align=center

|50px
z
/{{IPA|ts}}/

|50px
c
/{{IPA|tsʰ}}/

|50px
zz
/{{IPA|dz}}/

|50px
s
/{{IPA|s}}/

|50px
ss
/{{IPA|z}}/

|{{n/a}}

|{{n/a}}

align=center

|50px
zh
/{{IPA|tʂ}}/

|50px
ch
/{{IPA|tʂʰ}}/

|50px
dh
/{{IPA|dʐ}}/

|50px
sh
/{{IPA|ʂ}}/

|50px
rr
/{{IPA|ʐ}}/

|{{n/a}}

|{{n/a}}

Vowels

The Rma script has abugida-like features in its vowels, with its use of vowel diacritics around the consonant glyphs, and a zero consonant character.

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align=center

|50px
a
/{{IPA|a}}/

|50px
ae
/{{IPA|æ}}/

|50px
ea
/{{IPA|e}}/

|50px
u
/{{IPA|u}}/

|50px
e
/{{IPA|ə}}/

|50px
nn
/{{IPA|◌̃}}/

align=center

|50px
i
/{{IPA|i}}/

|50px
ü
/{{IPA|y}}/

|50px
o
/{{IPA|o}}/

|50px

/{{IPA|ː}}/,/{{IPA|ʔ}}/

|50px
r
/{{IPA|ʴ}}/

|{{n/a}}

Note the use of the same glyph for vowel length marking and the glottal stop, in {{langx|cng|agvei}}. It is also the vowel carrier glyph.

Punctuation

The Rma script has its own punctuation, including a special ligature for the Qiang people. It was from this sign that the writing system was devised.

Tones

{{Empty section|date=November 2024}}

References