Rodriguez, Rizal

The municipality's former official name of Montalban derives from the Spanish word monte, which translates to "mountain," in reference to the numerous hills found within and surrounding the town. A common name for the municipality up to the present, it was its official name from its founding in 1871 until 1982 when the Batasang Pambansa officially renamed it to Rodriguez under Batas Pambansa Blg. 275 in honor of Eulogio Rodriguez, a native of the municipality who served as its first municipal president and Philippine Senate president.

File:Philippine Island - Luzon Island - NARA - 68156941.jpg

Based on the 1954 journal History and Cultural Life of Montalban and its Barrios, what would then be the town of Montalban was formerly the barrio Balite which was under the jurisdiction of the town of San Mateo during the Spanish period. On another account, San Mateo, with its large size, was partitioned on April 27, 1871, when Captain General Rafael Izquierdo issued a decree separating the barrios of Balite, Burgos, Marang and Calipahan from San Mateo and formed them into the new municipality of Montalban.{{citation needed|date=August 2019}}

The town was then headed by its first parish priest Fr. Eustaquio Infante of Pasig, who led the dedication of the Most Holy Rosary Parish church on June 2, 1871, during the term of Archbishop Gregorio Meliton Martinez of the Archdiocese of Manila.

According to the Executive Summary included in the Annual Audit Reports of Rodriguez, Rizal, the municipality of Montalban was founded on June 30, 1871, under the "Acta de Erreccion" or Deed of Foundation. The town, including its poblacion, was initially part of the province of Manila, while its present-day mountainous central and eastern portion, according to old maps, was under the jurisdiction of the District of Morong.{{cite map |author =P. Jose Algue, S.J. |title =Atlas de Filipinas |trans-title = |map = |map-url = |date = |year = 1899 |url = https://www.oldworldauctions.com/catalog/lot/126/847 |scale = |series = |publisher = 56th Congress, 1st Session. Sen. Doc. #138 |cartography = |page = 9 |pages = |section = |sections = |inset = |edition = |location = |language = en |format = |isbn = |id = |access-date = August 20, 2022 }}{{cite map |first=Austin H.|last=Brown |title =Provinces of Manila, Morong, and Infanta |trans-title = |map = |map-url = |date = |year = 1900 |url = https://www.raremaps.com/gallery/detail/63396/provinces-of-manila-morong-and-infanta-office-of-the-chief-engineer |scale =1:200m000 |series = |publisher = |cartography = |page = |pages = |section = |sections = |inset = |edition = |location = |language = en |format = |isbn = |id = |access-date =July 8, 2023 }} Additionally, an 1882 Spanish map indicates that the northeastern areas of the present-day municipality were once claimed as part of Bulacan.{{cite map|url=https://www.geographicus.com/P/AntiqueMap/luzonphiliippines-olleros-1882|title=Carta Itineraria de la Isla de Luzon por el Teniente Coronel de E. M. del Ejercito de Filipinas|lang=es|date=1882|accessdate=April 12, 2025|scale=1:500000}} The municipality was then incorporated to the newly created province of Rizal on June 11, 1901, by virtue of Philippine Commission Act No. 137, after having been a part of the defunct province of Manila.

Montalban was then returned to its mother municipality of San Mateo by virtue of Philippine Commission Act No. 942 on October 12, 1903. San Mateo served as the seat of government in line with the economic centralization. Montalban then separated from San Mateo to become an independent municipality again by virtue of Executive Order No. 20 on February 29, 1908.

File:Bayan ng Rodriguez NHI historical marker.jpg

In 1982, the town was officially renamed to Rodriguez under Batas Pambansa Blg. 275 in honor of the former Senate president and town native Eulogio Rodriguez, Sr.

On October 30, 1997, rebels from the New People's Army (NPA), the militant arm of the Communist Party of the Philippines, raided the police station of Rodriguez before noontime, where they ransacked the armory, killed one police officer, and kidnapped Rene Francisco, the police chief. He was later released on December 5, 1997 in Tanay, Rizal.{{cite web|title=Captured Police Chief Rene Francisco kisses his wife Teresita as he holds his son Remsie[...]|url=https://www.alamy.com/captured-police-chief-rene-francisco-kisses-his-wife-teresita-as-he-holds-his-son-remsie-after-he-was-released-friday-dec-5-1997-in-tanay-25-miles-east-of-manila-francisco-together-wiht-army-msergeant-joaquin-melad-who-were-held-captive-for-36-days-were-abducted-by-the-communist-new-peoples-army-rebels-during-a-raid-at-the-rodriguez-police-detachment-in-rizal-province-east-of-manila-p-photopat-roque-image543042485.html|website=Alamy|publisher=Alamy Ltd.|access-date=July 8, 2023}}

As early as 2018, the town's Sangguniang Bayan approved Resolution No. 60, Series of 2018 requesting the Senate of the Philippines thru its president, Vicente Sotto III and the House of Representatives through its speaker, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo to co-sponsor a bill for Rodriguez's conversion into a city.{{Citation needed|date=March 2019}}

File:Municipality of Rodriguez (Montalban) Executive Order DLH-041 S-2020, Header detail.jpg

In mid-to-late 2019, before a formal ruling could be enacted, the municipal government under the term of Mayor Dennis Hernandez started to refer to the town as Montalban.

Notable examples were the discontinuation of the use of the town name Rodriguez in official documents, office names and correspondences, and the municipal government utilizing a modified municipal seal that indicates the name "Montalban" instead of "Rodriguez". In February 2020, a new municipal seal that bears the year 1871 as the date of establishment was used.

In April 2020, the municipality celebrated its 149th Foundation Day (Araw ng Montalban); in the previous year April 2019, at the time when 1909 was still the recognized date of establishment, the municipality celebrated its 110th founding anniversary.

In response to the numerous requests from the town's native residents to return the town to its former name, on July 3, 2019 during the 18th Congress, Rizal's 2nd District Representative Juan Fidel Nograles filed House Bill No. 337. The bill was later substituted by HB No. 8899 filed March 5, 2021; it was approved by the House of Representatives on March 17 and was received by the Senate on March 27. It was introduced by Sen. Imee Marcos under Senate Bill No. 2258 on June 1.{{cite web |url=https://legacy.senate.gov.ph/18th_congress/ctte_notices/local_121421.pdf |title=Notice from the Senate|date=Dec 14, 2021 |access-date=Aug 3, 2022 }}

In the Senate hearing of the Committee on Local Government on January 21, 2022, the National Historical Commission of the Philippines did not pose any objection on the proposed measure and clarified that the proposed change will only apply to the municipality's name; structures and other features such as buildings, schools in the municipality dedicated in memory of Rodriguez are not covered by the proposed bill and should be retained.Committee Hearing on Local Government, January 21, 2022 stream through Facebook

With further minor amendments, the bill was approved on third and final reading on January 31. The House adopted the Senate amendment and the bill was submitted to the president for his signature.

On June 2, 2022, Republic Act No. 11812, an act for the reversion of the name of municipality Rodriguez to Montalban and repealing Batas Pambansa Blg. 275, lapsed into law. A plebiscite, having no final schedule yet, will be supervised by the Commission on Elections.{{cite PH act|chamber=RA|number=11812|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2022/06/02/republic-act-no-11812/ |title=An Act Renaming the Municipality of Rodriguez in the Province of Rizal as the Municipality of Montalban, Repealing for the Purpose Batas Pambansa Blg. 275 |date=June 2, 2022 |website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines |access-date=June 29, 2022 }}{{cite web |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1177758 |title=Bill dividing QC barangay into 3 lapses into law |date=June 28, 2022 |first=Azer|last=Parrocha|work=Philippine News Agency |access-date=June 28, 2022 }}

Rodriguez is a town of mountains. It is located on the slopes of the Sierra Madre mountain range. From its north to south, a series of sloping ridges, hills and mountains ranges adorn the town. In fact, around 27% of the town is occupied by mountains and slopes. The town's highest peak is Mount Irid, {{convert|1,469|m|sp=us}} above sea level.

Rodriguez makes up {{Percentage|312.7|1,191.94|2}} of the {{convert|1,191.94|km2|sp=us|adj=on}} total area of Rizal. Making it the largest town in Rizal province with an area of {{convert|312.70|km2|abbr=off|sp=us}}. The municipality borders San Mateo and Antipolo, Rizal on the south, Norzagaray and San Jose del Monte, Bulacan on the north, Quezon City and Caloocan on the west, General Nakar, Quezon on the east, and Tanay on the south-east. Rodriguez's economic activities include agriculture and commerce such as the Avilon Zoo.

Rodriguez is the northernmost town in the province and comes after San Mateo, Rizal, and Quezon City coming from Metro Manila. It is also the location of the Montalban Gorge that is associated with the Legend of Bernardo Carpio. The gorge forms part of a protected area known as the Pamitinan Protected Landscape.

File:Rodriguez,Rizaljf5917 09.JPG

File:Coralline limestone outcrop along Puray-Mascap road, Rodriguez, Rizal Province, Philippines 02.jpg

Rodriguez is generally very rough in topography, with 83% of its total land area composed of upland areas, hills and mountain ranges. The remaining 17% low-lying terrain and rolling lands are found at the south-western portion of the municipality, along with the northern portions of the Municipality of San Mateo.{{Cite web |date=2023-07-03 |title=About - Municipality of Montalban |url=https://montalbanrizalph.com/about/ |access-date=2024-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703124858/https://montalbanrizalph.com/about/ |archive-date=July 3, 2023 }}

The rolling slopes comprise the Marikina River Valley, where water from higher elevations drain towards the Marikina River and its tributaries at the south-western portion of the municipality. Elevations at these western lowlands range from {{convert|10|to|30|m|sp=us}} above sea level. The western portion of the flatlands gently rises towards the west, which is part of Quezon City.

The mountainous regions of Rodriguez are found at the central and eastern areas, with sleepy sloping ridges and mountain ranges, traversing north to south. The terrain in these mountain ranges has slopes ranging from 30 to 50%. Very steep hills and mountains have slopes greater than 50%. Rolling to hilly areas 18–30% in slope can also be found. These high elevations are drained by the Tanay, Puray, and Rodriguez Rivers.

{{stack|float=right|File:MONTALBAN RIZAL - POLITICAL MAP.png}}

Rodriguez is politically subdivided into 11 barangays (8 urban, 3 rural), as indicated below and in the image herein{{PSGC detail|area}}. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

The barangays of San Isidro and San Jose are two of the most populated barangays in the municipality and in the Philippines.

• Balite
• Burgos
• Geronimo
• Macabud
• Manggahan
• Mascap
• Puray
• Rosario
• San Isidro
• San Jose
• San Rafael

{{Philippine Census

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| footnote= Source: Philippine Statistics Authority{{PH census|2015}}{{PH census|2010}}{{PH census|2007}}{{LWUA population data}}

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In the 2020 census, the population of Rodriguez, Rizal, was 443,954 people,{{PH census|current}} with a density of {{convert|{{sigfig|443,954/312.70|2}}|PD/km2|disp=or|sp=us}}.

{{Weather box

| location = Rodriguez, Rizal

| width = auto

| metric first = Yes

| single line = Yes

| Jan high C = 26

| Jan low C = 22

| Feb high C = 27

| Feb low C = 22

| Mar high C = 28

| Mar low C = 22

| Apr high C = 31

| Apr low C = 23

| May high C = 31

| May low C = 25

| Jun high C = 30

| Jun low C = 25

| Jul high C = 29

| Jul low C = 25

| Aug high C = 29

| Aug low C = 25

| Sep high C = 29

| Sep low C = 24

| Oct high C = 29

| Oct low C = 24

| Nov high C = 28

| Nov low C = 23

| Dec high C = 27

| Dec low C = 22

| Jan precipitation mm = 40

| Feb precipitation mm = 33

| Mar precipitation mm = 35

| Apr precipitation mm = 38

| May precipitation mm = 138

| Jun precipitation mm = 190

| Jul precipitation mm = 242

| Aug precipitation mm = 216

| Sep precipitation mm = 224

| Oct precipitation mm = 200

| Nov precipitation mm = 114

| Dec precipitation mm = 94

| Jan rain days = 12.2

| Feb rain days = 9.0

| Mar rain days = 11.0

| Apr rain days = 11.7

| May rain days = 21.5

| Jun rain days = 24.0

| Jul rain days = 27.2

| Aug rain days = 26.1

| Sep rain days = 26.8

| Oct rain days = 22.3

| Nov rain days = 16.3

| Dec rain days = 15.1

| source 1 = Meteoblue {{cite web|url=https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/historyclimate/climatemodelled/rodriguez_philippines_1699296|title=Rodriguez: Average Temperatures and Rainfall|publisher=Meteoblue|access-date=May 11, 2020}}

| date = May 11, 2020

}}

{{PH poverty incidence}}

File:Montalban patok jeepney.png

The main transportation used in the municipality are jeepneys, tricycles, UV Express, and buses. There are jeepneys that ply through the towns of San Mateo, Marikina and Cubao in Quezon City via Marcos Highway, while some ply the route that leads to Philcoa in Quezon City via Batasan Road in San Mateo, others connect Rodriguez to Litex Road in Quezon City. UV Express vehicles ply the routes to Cubao in Quezon City and Santa Lucia Grand Mall in Cainta. During the 2010s, there were additional UV Express vehicles that serve the routes to North EDSA in Quezon City and Quiapo in Manila, and the route to Cubao operates via Marikina and via Payatas Road.

Formerly, there was railway service under the Manila Railroad Company that traversed the San Mateo, Marikina, and Pasig areas and had its terminus at Barangay Balitè behind the Santo Rosario Parish Church. It had been long dismantled and the railway line converted into roadway that now consists of the road aptly named Daang Bakal.

It is known that 'patok' jeepneys originated from this town way back during the 1980s. These jeepneys are known for their notoriety on the road. Despite this, they are popular among the passengers hence the name patók which means 'popular'. They still ply this town up to this day, most plying the Montalban-Cubao route via Marcos Highway. These jeepneys have already spread throughout the Rizal province as well as in Marikina since then.

The Marikina Auto Line Transport Corporation (MALTC) buses is the only one that regularly travels to farther places like Makati and Parañaque. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB) implemented a route rationalization system for city buses. Currently, a city bus route connects Montalban with the capital city of Manila and Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange.

The proposed San Mateo Railway will connect the municipality of Rodriguez to the Light Rail Transit Line 2, in which 6 stations are in development.{{cite news |last1=Piad |first1=Tyrone Jasper C. |title=Government lines up several railway projects nationwide |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1807324/govt-lines-up-several-railway-projects-nationwide |work=INQUIRER.net |date=26 July 2023 |language=en}}{{cite web |title=San Mateo Railway Project {{!}} PPP Center |url=https://ppp.gov.ph/ppp_projects/san-mateo-railway/ |website=ppp.gov.ph |language=en}}

{{main|Sangguniang Bayan}}

File:Rodriguez Municipal Hall, Rizal, Mar 2024.jpg

{{legend|#ADD8E6|Indicates a municipal president.|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}

{{legend|#f6c6c6|Indicates a mayoral term during the Japanese Occupation|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}

• H Vill Hospital
• N. Medcare Hospital
• St. Mark Hospital
• Montalban Infirmary
• Casimiro A. Ynares Sr. Memorial Hospital
• Northern Tagalog Regional Hospital (under construction)

There are numerous elementary and high schools, both public and private, offering primary, secondary and tertiary education in the town of Rodriguez. There are also colleges and institutions that offer graduate and undergraduate programs in town.

• Pamitinan Protected Landscape
• Wawa Dam
• Puray Falls
• Rodriguez Ancestral Mansion
• Mount Pamitinan and Binacayan
• Mount Hapunang Banoi
• Mount Sipit-Ulang
• Avilon Zoo
• Espadang Bato

File:Mounts Pamitinan and Binacayan.jpg| Montalban Gorge (Pamitinan Protected Landscape)

File:Upper Marikina River Basin Protected Landscape dammed by Wawa Dam.jpg|Wawa Dam

File:337Montalban_Rodriguez_Rizal_Barangays_Landmarks_14.jpg|Mount Mataba, one of the rolling hills in the Marikina Valley

File:Espadang Bato.jpg|Espadang Bato

File:RodriguezRizaljf5824_10.JPG|Rodriguez Municipal Gymnasium

File:696Rodriguez, Rizal Barangays Roads Landmarks 27.jpg|Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario Parish Church

File:854Rodriguez, Rizal Barangays Roads Landmarks 08.jpg|Rodriguez Ancestral House

File:Licerio Geronimo Memorial, Aug 2018.jpg|Licerio Geronimo Memorial

File:1138Rodriguez, Rizal Barangays Roads Landmarks 41.jpg|Public market

File:388Montalban Rodriguez Rizal Barangays Landmarks 30.jpg|Casimiro A. Ynares, Sr. Memorial Medical Center

File:Gate of the Puray Elementary School, Rodriguez, Rizal, Philippines.jpg|Puray Elementary School in barangay Puray

File:Permanent Evacuation Center in Rodriguez, Rizal Province, Philippines.jpg|Rodriguez permanent evacuation center

• List of renamed cities and municipalities in the Philippines
• San Mateo, Rizal

{{reflist|refs=

{{cite PH act| title = An Act Changing the Name of the Municipality of Montalban, Province of Rizal, to the Municipality of Rodriguez| chamber = BP| number = 275| language = en| date = 12 November 1982|url = http://www.chanrobles.com/bataspambansa/bataspambansablg275.html#.XUd6kvIzbZ4| access-date = 5 August 2019}}

{{Cite news |newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=https://radyo.inquirer.net/179937/mga-nagwaging-kandidato-sa-rodriguez-rizal-naiproklama-na | last = Dominguez-Cargullo | first = Dona |title = Mga nagwaging kandidato sa Rodriguez, Rizal naiproklama na|date = May 14, 2019| access-date = 5 August 2019|language=Filipino}}

[https://www.coa.gov.ph/phocadownloadpap/userupload/Annual-Financial-Report/lgu/2016/2016_AFR_LGUs_Volume_I.pdf Commission On Audit's Annual Financial Report]

{{cite web |url= http://nlpdl.nlp.gov.ph/HD01/p40/cm12/md1/jpg/3.jpg |title=History and Cultural Life of Montalban and its Barrios |last1=Torres |first1=Ceferino |last2=Mariano |first2=Encarnacion |last3=Cruz |first3=Josefina |last4=Bautista |first4=Cecilia |year=1954 |website=National Library of the Philippines Techno Aklatan |agency=National Library of the Philippines |location=Manila, Philippines |page=1 |language=en |format=JPG, PDF |access-date=7 March 2019 }}

{{Cite web | url=https://psa.gov.ph/content/highlights-philippine-population-2015-census-population |title = Highlights of the Philippine Population 2015 Census of Population | Philippine Statistics Authority}}

{{cite web |url= http://nlpdl.nlp.gov.ph/HD01/p40/cm12/md1/jpg/3.jpg |title=History and Cultural Life of Montalban and its Barrios |last1=Torres |first1=Ceferino |last2=Mariano |first2=Encarnacion |last3=Cruz |first3=Josefina |last4=Bautista |first4=Cecilia |year=1954 |website=National Library of the Philippines Techno Aklatan |agency=National Library of the Philippines |location=Manila, Philippines |page=3 |language=en |format=JPG, PDF |access-date=7 March 2019 }}

{{cite news |url= https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1137373/time-for-rizal-town-of-montalban-to-reclaim-original-name-says-solon |title=Time for Rizal town of 'Montalban' to reclaim original name, says solon |last=Roxas |first=Pathricia Ann |date=3 July 2019 |newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|agency=Philippine Daily Inquirer |location=Manila, Philippines |language=en |access-date=5 August 2019 }}

{{cite PH act

| title = An Act Renaming the Municipality of Rodriguez to the Municipality of Montalban

| chamber = HB

| number = 337

| language = en

| date = 1 July 2019

| url = http://www.congress.gov.ph/download/ra_13/RA09390.pdf

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200603163545/http://www.congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/basic_18/HB00337.pdf

| archive-date = 3 June 2020

| url-status = live

}}

{{cite PH act

| title = An Act Renaming the Municipality of Rodriguez in the Province of Rizal as the Municipality of Montalban

| chamber = HB

| number = 8899

| language = en

| date = March 5, 2021

| url = https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/first_18/CR00812.pdf

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220120120241/https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/first_18/CR00812.pdf

| archive-date = January 20, 2022

| url-status = live

}}

Senate Bill No. 2258 (June 1, 2021), [https://web.archive.org/web/20220121040332/https://legacy.senate.gov.ph/lisdata/3518732032!.pdf An Act Renaming the Municipality of Rodriguez in the Province of Rizal as the Municipality of Montalban]

http://www.solitarywanderer.com/2012/04/caving-in-wawa-dam-montalban/ Caving in Wawa Dam, Montalban

{{cite PH act| title = An Act extending the provisions of "the provincial government act" to the province of Rizal| chamber = Act| number = 137| language = en| date = 11 June 1901|url = https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951d02887757n&view=1up&seq=330| access-date = 5 August 2019}}

{{cite PH act| title = An Act reducing the thirty-two municipalities of the Province of Rizal to fifteen| chamber = Act| number = 942| language = en| date = 12 October 1903|url = https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hl3jx0&view=1up&seq=816| access-date = 5 August 2019}}

[https://www.coa.gov.ph/phocadownloadpap/userupload/annual_audit_report/LGUs/2012/Region-IV-A/Municipalities/Rizal/Rodriguez_Rizal_ES2012.pdf Rodriguez, Rizal 2012 Annual Audit Report]

[https://www.facebook.com/615973988911604/posts/full-textexecutive-order-no-dlh-041-s-2020implementing-guidelines-for-the-precau/792874197888248/ Bayan ng Montalban Executive Order No. DLH-041, Series of 2020] : “Implementing Guidelines For The Precautionary Measures And Management In The Containment Of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) And Other Emerging Infectious Diseases In The Municipality Of Montalban, Rizal”. Retrieved January 25, 2021. Scanned article archived in :File:Municipality of Rodriguez (Montalban) Executive Order DLH-041 S-2020, Header detail.jpg

}}

{{Commons category}}

• [https://www.philatlas.com/luzon/r04a/rizal/rodriguez.html Rodriguez Profile at PhilAtlas.com]
• [{{NSCB detail}} Philippine Standard Geographic Code]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304210554/http://www.blgs.gov.ph/lgpmsv2/cmshome/index.php?pageID=23&frmIdDcfCode=7&fLguType=CM&frmIdRegion=6&frmIdProvince=38&frmIdLgu=844 Local Governance Performance Management System]

{{Geographic location

| Centre = Rodriguez

| North = Norzagaray, Bulacan

| East = General Nakar, Quezon

| South = San Mateo / Antipolo

| West = Caloocan
Quezon City

| Northwest = San Jose del Monte, Bulacan

| Southeast = Tanay

}}

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Category:1871 establishments in the Philippines

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Category:Populated places established in 1871

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