Sailana State

Sailana State was founded by Raja Jai Singh, great-grandson of Maharaja Ratan Singh, founder of Ratlam State. It is a branch of the Rathore house.{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Raja Vikram |date=2016-05-29 |title=Cooking like a maharaja |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/sunday-chronicle/headliners/290516/cooking-like-a-maharaja.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602055700/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/sunday-chronicle/headliners/290516/cooking-like-a-maharaja.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 June 2016 |access-date=2022-04-20 |work=Deccan Chronicle }} In 1716 Jai singh took revenge against his uncle for the murder of his father, he killed him in a pitched battle at sagode and secured Ratlam for his elder brother. The two brothers then divided the state between themselves. Jai Singh's capital was initially at Raoti. He built Sailana as his new capital in 1736. During this period the Maratha influence in central India had been growing and several states had been annexed or forced to pay heavy tributes to the Peshwa. However Jai Singh had the wisdom to form alliances with the Maratha officials, he helped the Peshwa agent Ambaji Pant Trimbak Purandare to collect tribute in Malwa and used the situation to annex the surrounding lands.Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteers: Ratlam – Page 53-55 He fought 22 battles in his lifetime,{{cite book | last=Playne | first=Somerset | last2=Solomon | first2=R. V. | last3=Bond | first3=J. W. | last4=Wright | first4=Arnold | title=Indian states : a biographical, historical, and administrative survey | publisher=Asian Educational Services | publication-place=New Delhi | date=2006 | isbn=81-206-1965-X | oclc=76941475 | page=632|quote=The Ruler died at the age of 61 years, having, during his reign, fought no fewer than 22 battles.}} establishing himself as an independent ruler.{{cite book | last=Sinh | first=Raghubir | title=Malwa in transition, or, A century of anarchy : the first phase, 1698–1765. | publisher=Asian Educational Services | publication-place=New Delhi | date=1993 | isbn=81-206-0750-3 | oclc=76936900 | pages=123–125}}{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/imperialgazettee015643mbp#page/n391/mode/2up|title=Imperial Gazetteer of India|volume=21|year=1908|publisher=Clarendon Press|location=Oxford|pages=385–7}} Jai Singh maintained an army that was feared by the surrounding states forcing some states to take Holkar's aid against him.{{cite book | last=Sinh | first=Raghubir | title=Malwa in transition, or, A century of anarchy : the first phase, 1698–1765. | publisher=Asian Educational Services | publication-place=New Delhi | date=1993 | isbn=81-206-0750-3 | oclc=76936900 | page=282|quote=The danger of Jai Singh of Sailana to the state of Jhabua forced its well wishers to rely on Maratha help.}} The Raja of Sailana favoured Rajputs and Pathans as horsemen while the infantry was drawn from the local populace. His descendant Mokham Singh however replaced this army composition with a surplus of elephants and emptied the state coffers, allowing the Marathas and Pindaris to encroach and loot with impunity. Jai Singh was succeeded by a string of weak rulers. During Raja Mokham Singh's rule much of the territory of Sailana was annexed by Scindia and Holkar, the Raja's of Sailana were further forced to pay tribute to the Scindias of Gwalior.Central India State Gazetteer Series Malwa Vol-v Part-a pg.357–358 Raja Lakshman Singh of Sailana tried to push the Scindia's out of his kingdom, in 1818 he refused to pay chauth which was regularly levied, the Scindias retaliated by sending an army under Bujang Rao, the Gwalior army which had European arms and was French trained lost its advantage on the hills en route to Sailana and was defeated by Lakshman Singh, the captured soldiers were allowed to leave but all of their guns and artillery were taken. In 1819, Bapu Rao Sindia was appointed to punish the raja of Sailana and enforce tribute upon him. Bapu Rao had previously been sent by the Scindia's to defeat and exact tributes from the Maharaja of Jaipur and the Maharana of Udaipur.{{cite book | last=Chaurasia | first=Radhey Shyam | title=History of the Marathas | publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Distributors | publication-place=New Delhi | date=2004 | isbn=81-269-0394-5 | oclc=435374931 | page=41}} On 5 January 1819, John Malcolm mediated between Gwalior and Sailana upon which Raja Lakshman Singh accepted British protection and agreed to pay a fixed tribute to Gwalior until 1860, in return for Daulat Rao Sindhia agreeing to refrain from any interference in Sailana. The tribute treaty did not last for long as Daulat Rao soon relinquished his rights of tribute on Sailana and Ratlam, the tribute was thus paid directly to the British instead.{{cite book | last=Chaurasia | first=Radhey Shyam | title=History of the Marathas | publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Distributors | publication-place=New Delhi | date=2004 | isbn=81-269-0394-5 | oclc=435374931 | page=226|quote=He relinquished his rights of tribute from Ratlam and Sailana to the British government, perhaps because the states were outside the area that he claimed to be his own.}} During British rule Sailana saw development under the capable rule of Raja Jashwant Singh II and then under his son Raja Dileep Singh, many reforms were introduced over the coming years, with particular attention being paid to education and the provision of vernacular educational facilities. By 1947, education and medical aid were provided free of charge, the local municipality was placed on a democratic footing and the judiciary and executive made independent of each other. Although the economy was primarily agricultural, some limited industrialisation included oil mills, and iron and steel works. On 15 June 1948, Raja Dileep Singh signed the accession to the Indian Union.[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_princes_K-W.html#Shailana Princely States of India]. worldstatesmen.org

The chiefs of Sailana are Rathore Rajputs and have a common ancestry with the Maharajas of Jodhpur and Ratlam.{{cite book | last=Playne | first=Somerset | last2=Solomon | first2=R. V. | last3=Bond | first3=J. W. | last4=Wright | first4=Arnold | title=Indian states : a biographical, historical, and administrative survey | publisher=Asian Educational Services | publication-place=New Delhi | date=2006 | isbn=81-206-1965-X | oclc=76941475 | pages=629-634}}

===Rajas===

All the jagirdars owe fealty and service to the ruler and pay cesses and tanka. No jagirdar has the right to adopt without the permission of the raja. The 1st class jagirdars are allowed to wear gold anklets, and at their succession, they are installed by the ruling raja himself. Half of the states lands were alienated because of the large number of Jagirs. Raja Dilip Singh ({{reign|1919|1948}}) later extinguished several Jagirs and replaced them with governors. This harsh but effective action helped the states revenue which was then used to provide medical and educational facilities in Sailana.[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.51641 Rulers, Leading families, and officials in the states of central India]. 1935. pp. 152–154

The following were the 1st class Jagirdars of Sailana in 1908.

The following were the 2nd class Jagirdars of Sailana in 1908.

The 3rd class jagirdars were hereditary office holders of the state.

• List of Rajput dynasties and states
• Malwa Agency

• {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20200617220208/https://www.sailanapalace.com/ Royal house of Sailana]}}

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{{Princely states of India}}

{{Coord|23.47|N|74.92|E|region:IN-GU_type:city_source:kolossus-cawiki|display=title}}

Category:Princely states of Madhya Pradesh

Category:Ratlam district

Category:Rajput history

Category:Rathore (clan)

Category:1736 establishments in India

Category:1948 disestablishments in India

Category:Gun salute princely states