Ratlam

File:Ratan Singh of Ratlam.jpg

{{more citations needed section|date=August 2020}}

According to the local legend, Ratlam got its name from the name of the local Bhil king Ratna Bhil. According to the Rajasthan Jatiyon Ki Khoj book, the last Bhil king of Ratlam was Jassa Bhil. After him, Ratan Singh captured Ratlam with the help of the Mughals, Since the relations between the Rajputs of Ratlam and the Mughals were good from the beginning, the Mughals used to come to Ratlam. In the eighteenth century, the Bhils again established their rule in Ratlam. During that time, a Mughal chief came to Ratlam , then the Bhil chief fed him Bhildi sev, this Bhildi sev is today world famous as Ratlami Sev.{{Cite book |last=Guṇārthī |first=Rameśacandra |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/R%C4%81jasth%C4%81n%C4%AB_j%C4%81tiyo%E1%B9%83_k%C4%AB_khoja/99K7AAAAIAAJ?hl=en |title=Rājasthānī jātiyoṃ kī khoja |date=1965 |publisher=Ārya Bradarsa |language=hi}}{{Cite web |title=Bhil Tribals Invented Ratlami Sev 200-Years-Ago And It Has A Mughal Connect |url=https://www.india.com/viral/bhil-tribals-invented-ratlami-sev-200-years-ago-and-it-has-a-mughal-connect-6160494/ |access-date=2024-12-20 |website=www.india.com |language=en}}

Ratlam State was founded in 1652 by a great-grandson of Raja Udai Singh of Jodhpur, namely Raja Ratan Singh Rathore, son of Mahesh Das of Jalore. The latter, father, and son, had performed important military services for the Emperor Shah Jahan by defeating the Persians and Uzbeks in Afghanistan. In reward for their services and in recognition of their great deeds of valour, large territories in the south-western districts of Rajputana and northern Malwa were conferred on them. Their capital became Ratram (named after Raja Ratan Singh and his first son Ram Singh) which later got translated to Ratlam.

Maharaja Ratan Singh Rathore 1652/1658, courageous in youth, he gained Shah Jahan's notice by calming the Emperors favourite elephant which had run amok in the Agra Palace Garden, fought for the Emperor against the Persians in Kabul and Qandahar, later in 1652, the Emperor substituted Jalore for the pargana of Ratlam and many other areas, and he became the first Raja of Ratlam his advisor was jasraj bahratt and chief commander was Parshurama ojha of Shrimali Brahmins.Madhya Pradesh: Ratlam In 1658 a false rumour of the death of the Emperor resulted in a frenzied scramble for succession to the throne amongst his sons. Dara Shikoh who was officiating for his father, sent a combined army of Rajputs and Muslims under the command of Maharaja Jaswant Singh of Jodhpur, against his brother Aurangzeb. The Maharaja, as head of the Rathore clan, was persuaded to hand over command of the Imperial army to Maharaja Ratan Singh. Non-co-operation by the Muslim commanders resulted in the army sustaining heavy losses in the fierce battle at Dharmat, as well as the death of Ratan Singh (said to have sustained 80 sword wounds on his body).

Ratan Singh had married (among others), Maharani Sukhroopde Kanwar Shekhawat Ji Sahiba, daughter of Kunwar Purshottam Das of Jhajhar [Shekhawati], and had an issue. He died in 1658 in battle at Dharmat near Ujjain.

The new town of Ratlam was founded in 1829 by Captain Borthwick.{{cite web |title=History |website=District Ratlam, Government of Madhya Pradesh |url=https://ratlam.nic.in/en/history/#:~:text=The%20New%20Town%20of%20Ratlam,for%20its%20bargains%20called%20Sattas |access-date=14 August 2020}}

{{Unreferenced section|date=February 2021}}

File:Phatasingh.jpg

Ratlam was one of the first commercial cities established in Central India. The city quickly became known for trading in opium, tobacco, and salt, as well as for its bargains called "Sattas". Before the opening of the Rajputana State Railway to Khandwa in 1872, there was no better place to trade than in Ratlam.

The city is known for its love of food, its taste particularly the world popular salty snack 'Ratlami Sev'. The purity of Gold Jewellery{{Cite web|last=SakhiJewellers|title=Reason Behind Ratlam Gold Jewelry's Fame - Sakhi Jewellers|date=23 October 2021|url=https://sakhijewellers.com/information/reason-behind-ratlam-gold-jewelry-fame/|access-date=23 December 2021|language=en-US}} and Saree Market of Ratlam outshines in India.

Ratlam was part of the Malwa Agency of Central India during the British Raj. The state's capital was Ratlam town in modern Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh. Ratlam was originally a huge state, but the then ruler Ratan Singh opposed Aurangzeb in the Battle of Dharmatpur and was killed after a brave fight. The state was then reduced and the title of Maharaja has eventually stripped away; the title was later restored by the British during Maharaja Sajjan Singh's rule. On 5 January 1819 Ratlam State became a British protectorate.

The state had an area of 81,767 sq mi,{{Citation needed|date=August 2013}} which was closely interlaced with the territories of the princely state of Sailana. In 1901, Ratlam State had a population of 83,773,{{cite web |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Census_And_You/old_report/Census_1931n.html |title=Census of India - Census Reports 1931 |access-date=12 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112223538/http://censusindia.gov.in/Census_And_You/old_report/Census_1931n.html |archive-date=12 November 2013 }} with the city population of 36,321{{Citation needed|date=August 2013}}. The state had an estimated revenue of £34,000{{Citation needed|date=August 2013}} and paid a £2,850{{Citation needed|date=August 2013}} tribute.

Ratlam is located at coordinates: {{Coord|23|19|0|N|75|04|0|E|type:city}} (23.316667, 75.066667). The city has an area of {{cvt|39|sqkm}}. It is very close to the borders of Rajasthan and Gujarat.

Ratlam, like most of Madhya Pradesh, has tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification Aw) bordering humid subtropical climate (Cwa) zone. Three distinct seasons are observed: summer, monsoon and winter. Summers start in mid-March and can be extremely hot from April through June. Highs can reach {{convert|112|F|C}}, although the humidity is extremely low. The monsoon season starts in late June, with temperatures averaging around {{convert|100|F|C|abbr=on}}, with sustained, torrential rainfall and high humidity. The average rain fall is {{cvt|37|inch}}. Winters start in mid-November and are dry, cool and sunny. Temperatures average about {{convert|39|-|46|F|C}}, but can fall close to freezing on some nights.[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?refer=&s=45724&cityname=Indore--United-States-of-America&refer=&cityname=Indore- Indore, India Weather (closest to Ratlam)], weatherbase.com, 15 March 2012. Ratlam gets moderate rainfall of {{convert|35|to|38|in|mm}} from July through September, due to the southwest monsoon.

{{Weather box

| location = Ratlam (1991–2020, extremes 1948–2009)

| metric first = yes

| single line = yes

| Jan record high C = 34.0

| Feb record high C = 37.8

| Mar record high C = 41.9

| Apr record high C = 45.2

| May record high C = 45.5

| Jun record high C = 45.0

| Jul record high C = 40.6

| Aug record high C = 38.7

| Sep record high C = 39.3

| Oct record high C = 39.0

| Nov record high C = 36.9

| Dec record high C = 33.8

| year record high C = 45.5

| Jan high C = 25.8

| Feb high C = 28.5

| Mar high C = 34.1

| Apr high C = 38.4

| May high C = 39.8

| Jun high C = 36.3

| Jul high C = 30.1

| Aug high C = 28.2

| Sep high C = 30.3

| Oct high C = 33.0

| Nov high C = 30.6

| Dec high C = 27.6

| year high C = 31.9

| Jan low C = 10.4

| Feb low C = 12.7

| Mar low C = 17.6

| Apr low C = 22.9

| May low C = 25.8

| Jun low C = 25.1

| Jul low C = 23.3

| Aug low C = 22.8

| Sep low C = 21.9

| Oct low C = 19.0

| Nov low C = 15.5

| Dec low C = 11.8

| year low C = 19.1

| Jan record low C = 2.5

| Feb record low C = 2.6

| Mar record low C = 9.0

| Apr record low C = 11.6

| May record low C = 18.4

| Jun record low C = 17.3

| Jul record low C = 18.1

| Aug record low C = 16.9

| Sep record low C = 14.0

| Oct record low C = 12.5

| Nov record low C = 7.9

| Dec record low C = 3.9

| year record low C = 2.5

| rain colour = green

| Jan rain mm = 3.1

| Feb rain mm = 1.2

| Mar rain mm = 1.7

| Apr rain mm = 0.3

| May rain mm = 8.9

| Jun rain mm = 104.4

| Jul rain mm = 363.9

| Aug rain mm = 282.1

| Sep rain mm = 119.1

| Oct rain mm = 36.5

| Nov rain mm = 2.4

| Dec rain mm = 1.6

| year rain mm = 925.2

| Jan rain days = 0.3

| Feb rain days = 0.3

| Mar rain days = 0.3

| Apr rain days = 0.1

| May rain days = 0.7

| Jun rain days = 5.8

| Jul rain days = 13.8

| Aug rain days = 12.4

| Sep rain days = 6.0

| Oct rain days = 1.4

| Nov rain days = 0.1

| Dec rain days = 0.2

| year rain days = 41.5

| time day = 17:30 IST

| Jan humidity = 35

| Feb humidity = 29

| Mar humidity = 20

| Apr humidity = 19

| May humidity = 24

| Jun humidity = 46

| Jul humidity = 71

| Aug humidity = 77

| Sep humidity = 63

| Oct humidity = 37

| Nov humidity = 35

| Dec humidity = 35

| year humidity = 41

|source 1 = India Meteorological Department{{cite web

| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf

| title = Climatological Tables of Observatories in India 1991-2020

| publisher = India Meteorological Department

| access-date = April 8, 2024

}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf

| archive-date = 5 February 2020

| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf

| title = Station: Ratlam Climatological Table 1981–2010

| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010

| publisher = India Meteorological Department

| date = January 2015

| pages = 661–662

| access-date = 28 December 2020}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf

| archive-date = 5 February 2020

| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf

| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)

| publisher = India Meteorological Department

| date = December 2016

| page = M128

| access-date = 28 December 2020}}

}}

{{See also|List of cities in Madhya Pradesh}}

{{bar box

|title=Religions in Ratlam city (2011){{Cite web|date=2011|title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11394/download/14507/DDW09C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India}}

|titlebar=#Fcd116

|left1=Religion

|right1=Percent

|float=left

|bars=

{{bar percent|Hindus|darkorange|67.64}}

{{bar percent|Muslims|green|24.08}}

{{bar percent|Jains|pink|6.63}}

|caption=Distribution of religions

}}

According to the 2011 Census, the city of Ratlam has a population of 264,914 of which 134,915 are male and 129,999 are female. The sex ratio is 964 females to 1000 males. Children between the 0 to 6 years of age constitute 29,763 individuals. The total number of literates in Ratlam was 204,101, which constituted 77.0% of the population with male literacy of 81.2% and female literacy of 72.8%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Ratlam was 86.8%, of which male literacy rate was 91.7% and female literacy rate was 81.8%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 27,124 and 12,567 respectively.

The total number of households in Ratlam is 53133.{{cite web |title=Ratlam - Census 2011 |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=527392 |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=13 February 2020}} 28.17% Scheduled Tribe (Adivasi) of total population in Ratlam district.

Adivasi group of Ratlam {{Cite web |title=Ratlam District Population, Madhya Pradesh, List of Tehsils in Ratlam |url=https://www.censusindia2011.com/madhya-pradesh/ratlam-population.html |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=Censusindia2011.com |language=en-US}}

• Sailana – Built in 1736 by Raja Jai Singh Rathore, Sailana is a historic town located {{cvt|20|km}} from Ratlam, known for its historical buildings, Cactus Garden, Palaces and Cave temples of Kedareshwar.{{Cite web|url=https://ratlam.nic.in/en/tourist-places/|title = Tourist Places | District Ratlam, Government of Madhya Pradesh | India}}
• Dholawad Dam – near Raoti, {{cvt|25|km}} away from Ratlam. There is a dam and large pond near Raoti named Saroj Sarowar bandh (also known as Dholawad dam).{{cite web|url=http://wikimapia.org/3432044/Dholawad-Dam|title=Dholawad Dam|website=wikimapia.org}} which is {{cvt|6|km}} by road.
• Sailana Kharmour Bird Sanctuary, It's a natural bird Sanctuary located in Ratlam District of Madhya Pradesh, https://www.ratlamonline.in/guide/kharmour-bird-sanctuary-in-ratlam This sanctuary is spread in a total area of 13 km² and was established in 1983. This sanctuary is home to and is named after the 'Kharmour' bird, a very rare species; and it is also a major stop for a wide variety of migratory birds. It is also one of the breeding habitats of Lesser Florican in India.https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/sailana-kharmor-sanctuary-iba-india/summary

• St. Joseph's Convent Senior Secondary School
• Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya
• Kendriya Vidyalaya
• MLB Maharani Laxmi Bai School
• Jawahar Higher Secondary Government School
• Himalaya International School
• Jain Public School
• Jaora Public School
• Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Technology & Management
• Dr. Laxmi Narayan Pandey Government Medical College
• Dr. Kailashnath Katju Law College
• Government Arts and Science Post Graduate College
• Government Girls College
• Royal Institute of Management & Advanced Studies
• Shri Arihant College of Professional Education
• Shri Sai Institute of Technology
• Srajan Institute of Technology, Management & Science
• Swami Vivekanand Government Commerce College
• Yogendra Sagar Institute of Technology and Science

File:Ratlam Junction (2).jpg

File:MAHI RAILWAY BRIDGE RATLAM.jpg

Ratlam Junction is a major junction on Delhi-Mumbai and Ajmer-Khandwa Rail routes and rail division of Indian Railways on broad gauge lines on Western Railways Zone. Ratlam junction is Divisional headquarters of Western Railway Zone.{{cite web|title=Ratlam Junction |url=http://ratlam.nic.in/profile.html#TRANSPORT}} There are four major railway tracks passing through Ratlam City, leading to Mumbai, Delhi, Ajmer and Khandwa. It is one of the major Railway Junction of Western Railways. Ratlam Junction experiences halt of around 157 trains on a daily basis. All the major superfast trains like Rajdhani, Garib Rath have their staff changing stoppage at Ratlam Junction.

Ratlam is also the first ever clean train station of Indian Railways network. Under this scheme, Indian Railways has introduced cleaning of coaches of a train en route while it halts at a particular station for 15 to 20 minutes. The entire train is cleaned with vacuum cleaners and toilets are washed with handheld portable HP cleaners.{{cite web|title=Clean Train Station |url=http://relyoncts.com/service-location-ratlam.php}}

Ratlam station is believed to be one of the busiest railway stations in India.[http://www.wr.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,1,261,440 Western Railway - Ratlam], indianrailways.gov. Retrieved 16 March 2012.

Ratlam Junction is referred in 2007 Hindi romantic comedy film Jab We Met.Jab We Met though the shooting had not happened actually in Ratlam and the places and locations mentioned in the film do not exist in the city{{Citation needed|date=November 2024}}.

Ratlam is connected to Indore and Neemuch via National Highway 79. This four-lane highway runs from Indore to Chittorgarh to join the Golden Quadrilateral.

The city has regular bus services to Udaipur, Banswara, Mandsaur, Neemuch, Indore, Bhopal, Dhar, Ujjain, Nagda, Petlawad, Jhabua etc.

Ratlam almost halfway points on Mumbai Delhi Highway.

Ratlam has local city transport in the form of Auto Rickshaws, Tata Magic and coming up city buses.

The city does not have any airport but has an airstrip on Banjali. The nearest airport is Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar Airport at Indore ({{convert|137|km|disp=sqbr}}), Raja Bhoj Airport at Bhopal ({{convert|289|km|disp=sqbr}}), Maharana Pratap Airport at Udaipur ({{convert|252|km|disp=sqbr}}), Vadodara Airport at Vadodara ({{convert|327|km|disp=sqbr}}), Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport at Ahmedabad ({{convert|340|km|disp=sqbr}}).

Ratlam has several industries which manufacture copper wire, plastic ropes, chemicals and oxygen, among other products. Ratlam is also very well known for Gold, Silver, Ratlami Sev, Ratlami Saari and handicrafts.

Many Big companies are situated in ratlam city. Public listed companies like Dp wires, Dp abhushan ltd katria wire ltd Kataria plastics pvt IPCA laboratory pvt ets manufacturing unit of Ambi wines is also situated in Ratlam

The major crops grown in the district include Soybean, Wheat, Maize, Gram, Cotton, Garlic, Onion, Peas, Guava, Pomegranate, Grapes & Opium in the region of Jaora Tehsil of Ratlam.

Ratlam, a city in the Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh, is widely known for its distinctive street food culture and spicy snacks. The most famous culinary specialty of Ratlam is its Ratlami Sev, a crunchy, spicy noodle-like snack made primarily from gram flour (besan) and flavored with clove, black pepper, and asafoetida (hing).

This Temple is a Shwetambar Jain Temple dedicated to Parshvanatha, the 23rd tirthankar of Jainism. This temple is situated at the junction line of the border of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan State. This temple is considered very miraculous. Moolnayak of this temple is a green colored Parshwanath with hood of 7 cobras. This 13{{frac|1|2}} feet idol is carved from a single emerald stone. The idol is around 2850 years old. It is believed that this statue was crafted by Dharnendra. Near the Lord's idol, there are also other idols of Lord Shri Shantinath Swami & Lord Shri Mahavir Swami. On the wall, behind the 7 faces of the snake that is spread over the idol's head as a shelter, is a hole which houses a snake, The snake is rarely seen coming out from its hole. A lucky person can only have a glimpse of it. It is either seen in black or white color.{{cite web |url=http://nageshwartirth.org/about_the_temple_idol.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110620194624/http://www.nageshwartirth.org/about_the_temple_idol.php |archive-date=20 June 2011 |title=Shri Jain Shwetamber Nageshwar Parshwanath Tirth}}

File:Adinath Bhagwan, Bibrod.jpg

Bibrod Tirth is a 13th-century Temple. This temple is dedicated to Adinath, the 1st Tirthankara of Jainism. Moolnayak is a {{cvt|2.5|ft}} black-colored idol of Bhagawan Adinath in the Padmasana posture. The inscription on his idol belongs to a period earlier than even the thirteenth century. This tirth is also famous for its annual fair which is popularly known as "Bibrod Mela".

• Kalka Mata Temple

This temple well-known Hindu temple and gathering place with popular gardens and nearby street food vendors. This temple is established by the royal family. The temple has a pond which is called jhali talab in the name of a queen. Every year a fair takes place in the ground which covers the jhali talab.

• Barbad Hanuman Temple

This is a Hindu temple located in the ratlam city, it is a very famous temple of lord hanuman, each year on

the hanuman jayanti thousands of people visits this temple

• Khatushyam Temple Bangrod

A famous temple in Bangrod village, {{cvt|9|km}} from Ratlam city. on ekadashi many people visits this temple

{{Reflist}}

{{Wikivoyage}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20131227224606/http://ratlam.nic.in/tourism.html Government Tourism Site]

{{Ujjain Division}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Cities in Malwa

Category:Cities and towns in Ratlam district

Category:Cities in Madhya Pradesh