Sangeang Api

The island of Sangeang is part of the Lesser Sunda Islands. It is located northeast of Sumbawa in the Flores Sea and is 13 km wide with an area of 153 km².

File:Mt. Sangeang, Oct, 2000.jpg

The earliest document mentioning the Sang Hyang Api volcano was found in 14th century Majapahit script of Nagarakretagama.

"Gunung Api" also appears as the name for the mountain in the first chapter of the novel The Long Journey by Johannes V. Jensen.

The Sangeang Api and the Satonda volcanoes are eruption centers associated to the Tambora volcano.{{cite journal |last1= Kempe |first1= Stephan |last2= Kazmierczak |first2= Józef |date= 1993 |title= Satonda Crater Lake, Indonesia: Hydrogeochemistry and Biocarbonate |journal= Facies |volume= 28 |pages= 1-31 (see p. 3) |doi= 10.1007/BF02539726 |url= https://www.academia.edu/4615838/Satonda_Crater_Lake_Indonesia_Hydrogeochemistry_and_biocarbonates?rhid=28880924147&swp=rr-rw-wc-92678115 }}

The Sangeang Api erupted in 1988 and the island's inhabitants were evacuated. Between its first recorded eruption in 1512 and 1989, it erupted 17 times. It erupted again during December 2012 and May 2014.

File:Lesser Sunda Islands.png

Since mid-June 2013, authorities had put the volcano on 'high alert' for a possible eruption. On May 30, 2014, a major eruption occurred at around 3:55 p.m. local time. Farmers working on the island were evacuated. Ash and smoke quickly rose to an altitude of 15–20 km (≈10–16 miles) into the sky. By the next morning, the ash cloud had crossed the northwest coast of Australia in the Kimberley region, and airlines had cancelled flights into and from Darwin, Northern Territory. It later went as far as Alice Springs in the Northern Territory. On 31 May some flights from Melbourne and Adelaide to Bali were also cancelled.

Sangeang Api has a subtropical highland climate (Cfb). It has moderate rainfall from June to September and heavy to extremely heavy rainfall in the remaining months.

{{Weather box

|width = auto

| location = Sangeang Api summit

| metric first = Yes

| single line = Yes

| Jan high C = 21.8

| Feb high C = 21.4

| Mar high C = 22.2

| Apr high C = 22.2

| May high C = 21.8

| Jun high C = 21.1

| Jul high C = 21.0

| Aug high C = 21.9

| Sep high C = 22.7

| Oct high C = 23.2

| Nov high C = 22.2

| Dec high C = 21.5

| Jan mean C = 17.2

| Feb mean C = 16.9

| Mar mean C = 17.5

| Apr mean C = 17.2

| May mean C = 16.8

| Jun mean C = 16.1

| Jul mean C = 15.5

| Aug mean C = 16.0

| Sep mean C = 16.7

| Oct mean C = 17.5

| Nov mean C = 17.5

| Dec mean C = 17.1

| year mean C =

| Jan low C = 12.6

| Feb low C = 12.4

| Mar low C = 12.8

| Apr low C = 12.3

| May low C = 11.9

| Jun low C = 11.1

| Jul low C = 10.1

| Aug low C = 10.1

| Sep low C = 10.7

| Oct low C = 11.8

| Nov low C = 12.8

| Dec low C = 12.7

|precipitation colour= green

|Jan precipitation mm=776

|Feb precipitation mm=633

|Mar precipitation mm=571

|Apr precipitation mm=350

|May precipitation mm=193

|Jun precipitation mm=94

|Jul precipitation mm=64

|Aug precipitation mm=62

|Sep precipitation mm=95

|Oct precipitation mm=165

|Nov precipitation mm=365

|Dec precipitation mm=553

|source 1 = Climate-Data.org{{cite web

|url = https://en.climate-data.org/location/563870/

|title = Climate: Sangeang

|publisher=Climate-Data.org

|accessdate = July 9, 2020}}

}}

{{Reflist|refs=

{{cite web |title=Volcano Mount Sangiang Api erupts in Indonesia, farmers evacuated

| url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/05/volcano-mount-sangiang-erupts-in-indonesia-farmers-evacuated/ |work=IANS

| date=30 May 2014 |publisher=news.biharprabha.com |accessdate=30 May 2014}}

{{cite book |title = Global Volcanism 1975-1985

|author = Smithsonian Institution / SEAN

|author-link = Global Volcanism Program

|editor = Lindsay McClelland

|editor2 = Tom Simkin

|editor3 = Marjorie Summers

|editor4 = Elizabeth Nielsen

|editor5 = Thomas C Stein

|year = 1989

|publisher = Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs NJ, and American Geophysical Union, Washington DC

|isbn = 0-13-357203-X

|pages = [https://archive.org/details/globalvolcanism10000unse/page/217 217–219]

|url = https://archive.org/details/globalvolcanism10000unse/page/217

}}

{{cite book |last=Monk |first=K.A. |author2=Fretes, Y. |author3=Reksodiharjo-Lilley, G.

| title=The Ecology of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku |year=1996 |page=7

| publisher=Periplus Editions Ltd. | location=Hong Kong |isbn=962-593-076-0}}

{{cite web |title=Ash grounds flights to Darwin, Bali

| url=http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2014/05/31/ash-grounds-flights-darwin-bali

| publisher=www.sbs.com.au |accessdate=1 June 2014}}

}}

• NASA Space Shuttle images:
• [http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/sseop/photo.pl?mission=STS112&roll=E&frame=5628 STS112-E-5628] Directly from above volcano.
• [http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/sseop/photo.pl?mission=STS61A&roll=40&frame=62 STS61A-40-62]

Category:Volcanoes of the Lesser Sunda Islands

Category:Complex volcanoes

Category:Mountains of Indonesia

Category:Active volcanoes of Indonesia

Category:Lesser Sunda Islands

Category:21st-century volcanic events