List of volcanoes in Indonesia

File:Map indonesia volcanoes.gif

There is no single standard definition of a volcano. It can be defined as individual vents, volcanic edifices, or volcanic fields. The interior of ancient volcanoes may have been eroded, creating a new subsurface magma chamber as a separate volcano. Many contemporary active volcanoes rise as young parasitic cones from flank vents or at a central crater. Some volcanic cones are grouped into one volcano name, for instance, the Tengger caldera complex, whereas, individual vents are named by local people. The status of a volcano, either active or dormant, cannot be defined precisely. An indication of a volcano is determined by either its historical records, radiocarbon dating, or geothermal activities.

The primary source of the list below is taken from the Volcanoes of the World book, compiled by two volcanologists Tom Simkin and Lee Siebert,{{efn|name=SimkinSiebert1994}} in which active volcanoes in the past 10,000 years (Holocene) are listed.{{cite web|url=http://www.volcano.si.edu/data_criteria.cfm|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|department=Global Volcanism Program|title=Volcano Data Criteria|access-date=14 June 2015}} Particularly for Indonesia, Simkin and Siebert used a catalogue of active volcanoes from the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior publication series.{{efn|name=Padang1951}} The Simkin and Siebert list is the most complete list of volcanoes in Indonesia, but the accuracy of the record varies from one region to another in terms of contemporary activities and fatalities in recent eruptions. Complementary sources for the latest volcanic data are taken from the Volcanological Survey of Indonesia, a governmental institution which is responsible for volcanic activities and geological hazard mitigation in Indonesia,{{cite web|publisher=Volcanological Survey of Indonesia|title=Centre of Volcanology & Geological Hazard Mitigation|access-date=31 December 2006|url=http://portal.vsi.esdm.go.id/joomla/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061216081307/http://portal.vsi.esdm.go.id/joomla/ |archive-date=16 December 2006}} and some academic resources.

File:Sumatra Volcanoes.png

The geography of Sumatra is dominated by a mountain range called Bukit Barisan (lit: "a row of hills"). The mountain range spans nearly {{convert|1700|km|mi|abbr=on}} from the north to the south of the island, and it was formed by movement of the Australian tectonic plate.{{cite journal|title=The Sumatra subduction zone: A case for a locked fault zone extending into the mantle|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research|year=2004|author1=Simoes, M.|author2=Avouac, J.P.|author3=Cattin, R.|author4=Henry, P.|volume=109|issue=B10|doi=10.1029/2003JB002958|url=http://tectonics.caltech.edu/publications/pdf/simoes_JGR2004.pdf|pages=B10402|bibcode=2004JGRB..10910402S|doi-access=free|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060909230545/http://tectonics.caltech.edu/publications/pdf/simoes_JGR2004.pdf|archive-date=9 September 2006|url-status=live}} The plate moves with a convergence rate of 5.5 cm/year which has created major earthquakes on the western side of Sumatra including the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman earthquake.{{cite journal|title=Plate-boundary deformation associated with the great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake|last1=Subarya|first1=C.|last2=Chlieh|first2=M.|last3=Prawirodirdjo|first3=L.|last4=Avouac|first4=J.P.|last5=Bock|first5=Y.|last6=Sieh|first6=K.|last7=Meltzner|first7=A.|last8=Natawidjaja|first8=D.H.|last9=McCaffrey|first9=R.|journal=Nature|url=http://tectonics.caltech.edu/publications/pdf/Subarya_Nature2006.pdf|doi=10.1038/nature04522|volume=440|year=2006|pages=46–51|pmid=16511486|issue=7080|bibcode=2006Natur.440...46S|hdl=10356/94250|s2cid=4429816|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060909225712/http://tectonics.caltech.edu/publications/pdf/Subarya_Nature2006.pdf|archive-date=9 September 2006|url-status=live}}{{cite journal|title=The Great Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake of 26 December 2004|author1=Lay, T.|author2=Kanamori, H.|author3=Ammon, C.|author4=Nettles, M.|author5=Ward, S.|author6=Aster, R.|author7=Beck, S.|author8=Bilek, S.|author9=Brudzinski, M. |author10=Butler, R.|author11=DeShon, H.|author12=Ekstrom, G.|journal=Science|url=http://tectonics.caltech.edu/publications/pdf/Lay_Science2005.pdf|doi=10.1126/science.1112250|volume=308|issue=5725|year=2005|pages=1127–1133|pmid=15905392|bibcode=2005Sci...308.1127L|s2cid=43739943|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060911021152/http://tectonics.caltech.edu/publications/pdf/Lay_Science2005.pdf|archive-date=11 September 2006|url-status=live}} The tectonic movement has been responsible not only for earthquakes, but also for the formation of magma chambers beneath the island.

Only one of the 35 active volcanoes, Weh, is separated from the Sumatran mainland. The separation was caused by a large eruption that filled the lowland between Weh and the rest of the mainland with sea water in the Pleistocene epoch. The largest volcano of Sumatra is the supervolcano Toba within the {{convert|100|km|mi|abbr=on}} × {{convert|30|km|mi|abbr=on}} Lake Toba, which was created after a caldera collapse (est. in 74,000 Before Present). The eruption is estimated to have been at level eight on the VEI scale, the highest level for a volcanic eruption. The highest peak of the mountain range is Mount Kerinci with an elevation of 3,800 m (12,467 ft).

|-

| Sibayak || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,212|m|ft}} || 1881 ||{{coord|3.23|N|98.52|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Sinabung || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,460|m|ft}} || 2 March 2021 (4){{Cite web|url=https://volcano.si.edu/reports_weekly.cfm/|title=Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report|date=2020-08-15|website=Smithsonian Institution|access-date=2020-08-15}}||{{coord|3.17|N|98.392|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Toba || supervolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,157|m|ft}} || 75000 BC (8) || {{coord|2.58|N|98.83|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Helatoba-Tarutung || fumarole field || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,100|m|ft}} || {{dts|2588000|||BC|format=hide}}Pleistocene || {{coord|2.03|N|98.93|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Imun || unknown || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,505|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|2.158|N|98.93|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Sibualbuali || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,819|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|1.556|N|99.255|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Lubukraya || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,862|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|1.478|N|99.209|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Sorikmarapi || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,145|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2018}} || {{coord|0.686|N|99.539|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Talakmau || complex volcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,919|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|0.079|N|99.98|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Sarik-Gajah || volcanic cone || align="right"|unknown || unknown || {{coord|0.008|N|100.20|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Marapi || complex volcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,885|m|ft}} || 2025 (continuing)

|| {{coord|0.381|S|100.473|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Tandikat || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,438|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1924}} (1) || {{coord|0.433|S|100.317|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Talang || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,597|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2007|November|27}} (2) || {{coord|0.978|S|100.679|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Kerinci || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|3,800|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2024}} (on going)

|| {{coord|1.697|S|101.264|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Hutapanjang || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,021|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|2.33|S|101.60|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Sumbing || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,507|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1921|May|23}} (2) || {{coord|2.414|S|101.728|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Masurai || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,916|m|ft}} || Pleistocene{{cite gvp|1=261819|2=Masurai}} || {{coord|2.503|S|101.728|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Kunyit || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,151|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|2.592|S|101.85|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Pendan || unknown || align="right"|unknown || unknown || {{coord|2.82|S|102.02|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Belirang-Beriti || complex volcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,958|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|2.82|S|102.18|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Bukit Daun || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,467|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|3.38|S|102.37|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Kaba || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,952|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2000|August|22}} (1) || {{coord|3.52|S|102.62|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Dempo || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|3,173|m|ft}} || 2025 ||{{coord|4.03|S|103.13|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Patah || unknown || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,817|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|4.27|S|103.30|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Bukit Lumut Balai || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|2,055|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|4.23|S|103.62|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Besar || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,899|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1940|April}} (1) || {{coord|4.43|S|103.67|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Ranau || caldera || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,881|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|4.83|S|103.92|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Sekincau Belirang || caldera || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,719|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|5.12|S|104.32|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Suoh || caldera || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,000|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2024|May|24}} || {{coord|5.25|S|104.27|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Hulubelu || caldera || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,040|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1836}} || {{coord|5.35|S|104.60|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Rajabasa || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,281|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1798}} || {{coord|5.78|S|105.625|E|type:mountain}}

|}

{{Gallery|mode=packed

|File:Erupsi Gunung Sinabung 9 Juni 2019 oleh Muh Ma'rufin Sudibyo.jpg|alt1=A photograph depicting a blue sky with white clouds at the top, a grey mountain range in the middle, and green foliage at the bottom.|Explosive eruption of Sinabung on 9 June 2019.|File:Toba_zoom.jpg|alt2=An overhead view of a land formation that is brightly coloured with patches of pink, blue, green, white, and black in irregular configurations.|Landsat image of Lake Toba

|File:Monte Marapi.JPG|alt3=A photograph depicting a blue sky with white clouds at the top, a grey mountain range in the middle, and green foliage at the bottom.|Marapi

||alt4=A photograph depicting a blue sky with white clouds at the top, a grey mountain range in the middle, and green foliage at the bottom.||title=}}

The Sunda Strait separates the islands of Sumatra and Java with the volcanic island Krakatoa lying between them. Krakatau erupted violently in 1883, destroying two-thirds of the island and leaving a large caldera under the sea. This cataclysmic explosion was heard as far away as the island of Rodrigues near Mauritius (approx. {{convert|4800|km|mi}} away). A new parasitic cone, called Anak Krakatau (or the child of Krakatau), rose from the sea at the centre of the caldera in 1930.{{cite journal|title=Anak Krakatau and old Krakatau: a reply|journal=GeoJournal|last=Whittaker|first=R. J.|author2=Bush, M. B.|volume=29|issue=4|year=1993|doi=10.1007/BF00807545|pages=417–420|s2cid=155054596}} The other Krakatau islets from the 1883 eruptions are known as Sertung, Panjang and Rakata.

Java is a relatively small island compared to Sumatra, but it has a higher concentration of active volcanoes. There are 45 active volcanoes on the island excluding 20 small craters and cones in the Dieng volcanic complex and the young cones in the Tengger caldera complex. Some volcanoes are grouped together in the list below because of their close location. Mount Merapi, Semeru and Kelud are the most active volcanoes in Java. Mount Semeru has been continuously erupting since 1967.{{cite web|department=Global Volcanism Program|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|url=http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0603-30=&volpage=weekly|title=Semeru Weekly Reports|access-date=7 December 2006}} Mount Merapi has been named as one of the Decade Volcanoes since 1995.{{cite journal|author=International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior|author-link=IAVCEI|title=Decade Volcano Update|journal=Bulletin of Volcanology|doi=10.1007/BF00298711|pages=82–83|year=1995|volume=57|issue=1|bibcode=1995BVol...57...76.|s2cid=195243529}} Ijen has a unique colourful caldera lake which is an extremely acidic natural reservoir (pH<0.3).{{cite journal|title=Natural Pollution Caused by the Extremely Acid Crater Lake Kawah Ijen, East Java, Indonesia|author1=Ansje Löhr|author2=Thom Bogaard|author3=Alex Heikens|author4=Martin Hendriks|author5=Sri Sumarti|author6=Manfred van Bergen|author7=Kees C.A.M. van Gestel|author8=Nico van Straalen|author9=Pieter Vroonand |author10=Budi Widianarko|name-list-style=amp|journal=Environmental Science and Pollution Research|volume=12|issue=2|year=2005|doi=10.1065/espr2004.09.118|pages=89–95|pmid=15859115|bibcode=2005ESPR...12...89L|s2cid=128470417}} There are sulfur mining activities at Ijen, where miners collect highly concentrated sulfur rocks by hand.

Note: Height of Krakatau is of Rakata, not of the active Anak Krakatau

{{Gallery|mode=packed|align=none

|File:Tangkuban Parahu.jpg|alt1=A photograph depicting a white sky at the top, a grey land configuration in the middle, and a body of water swirling around at the bottom.|Tangkuban Perahu, taken from above

|File:Galunggung eruption 1982.jpeg|alt2=A photograph depicting plinian eruption.|A plinian eruption of Galunggung in 1982

|File:Blethrow_merapi1.jpg|alt3=A photograph depicting a blue sky with white clouds at the top, a dark grey volcano in the middle, and green foliage at the bottom.|Mount Merapi, one of the most famous volcanoes in Indonesia

|File:Ijen_volcano.jpg|alt4=A photograph depicting a blue sky with white clouds at the top, a light grey lake in the middle, and dark grey rocks surrounding the lake.|The turquoise coloured sulfuric acid lake on Ijen caldera

|File:Krakatoa eruption lithograph.jpg|alt5=Krakatoa's massive eruption in 1883|The 1883 eruption of Krakatoa produced the loudest sound.|title=}}

The Lesser Sunda Islands is a small archipelago which, from west to east, consists of Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba and the Timor islands; all are located at the edge of the Australian continental shelf. Volcanoes in the area are formed because of oceanic crusts and the movement of the shelf itself.{{cite journal|author=H. A. Brouwer|title=Exploration in the Lesser Sunda Islands|journal=The Geographical Journal|volume=94|issue=1|pages=1–10|date=July 1939|doi=10.2307/1788584|jstor=1788584|bibcode=1939GeogJ..94....1B}} Some volcanoes completely form an island, for instance, the Sangeang Api island. Mount Tambora, on Sumbawa island, erupted on 5 April 1815, with a scale 7 on the VEI and is considered the most violent eruption in recorded history.

{{gallery|mode=packed|width=232 | height=165 |align=none

|File:Agung usgs.jpg|alt1=A photograph depicting a blue sky at the top, a grey mountain range in the middle, white clouds in front of the mountain range, and a rocky terrain at the bottom.|Mount Agung on Bali

|File:Rinjani 1994 cropped.jpg|alt2=A photograph depicting a white bolt of lightning with a purple aura striking a volcano as it erupts yellow lava with a red aura and black smoke.|Eruption of Rinjani in 1984

|File:Flores Moni Kelimutu.jpg|alt3=A photograph depicting a blue sky with white clouds at the top, a grey mountain range in the middle, a blue body of water below that, and a rocky terrain in the foreground.|One of three different coloured lakes of Kelimutu

}}

The Banda Sea in the south of the Molucca archipelago includes a small group of islands. Three major tectonic plates beneath the sea, the Eurasian plate, Pacific plate and Indo-Australian plate, have been converging since the Mesozoic epoch.{{cite journal|title=A Neogene back-arc origin for the Banda Sea basins: geochemical and geochronological constraints from the Banda ridges (East Indonesia)|journal=Tectonophysics|volume=298|issue=4|year=1998|pages=297–317|doi=10.1016/S0040-1951(98)00190-5|author1=Christian Honthaasa|author2=Jean-Pierre Réhaulta|author3=René C. Maurya|author4=Hervé Bellona|author5=Christophe Hémonda|author6=Jacques-André Maloda|author7=Jean-Jacques Cornéeb|author8=Michel Villeneuveb|author9=Joseph Cottena |author10=Safri Burhanuddinc|author11=Hervé Guilloud|author12=Nicolas Arnaud|bibcode=1998Tectp.298..297H}} Volcanoes in the Banda Sea are mainly islands, but some are submarine volcanoes.

Four peninsulas dominate the shape of Sulawesi island (formerly known as Celebes). The central part is a high mountainous area, but mostly non-volcanic. Active volcanoes are found in the northern peninsula and continuously stretch to the north to Sangihe Islands. The Sangihe Islands mark the border with the Philippines.

|-

| Soputan || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,784|m|ft}} || april 2020 ||{{coord|1.108|N|124.73|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Sempu || caldera || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,549|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|1.13|N|124.758|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Tondano || caldera || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,202|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|1.23|N|124.83|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Lokon–Empung || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,580|m|ft}} || 2019 ||{{coord|1.358|N|124.792|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Mahawu || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,324|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1977|November|16}} (0) || {{coord|1.358|N|124.858|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Klabat || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,995|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|1.47|N|125.03|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Tongkoko || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,149|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1880||}} (1) || {{coord|1.52|N|125.20|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Ruang || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|725|m|ft}} || April 2024 || {{coord|2.30|N|125.37|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Karangetang || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,784|m|ft}} || 2023 ||{{coord|2.78|N|125.40|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Banua Wuhu || submarine || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|-5|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|1919|July|18}} (3) || {{coord|3.138|N|125.491|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Awu || stratovolcano || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|1,320|m|ft}} || {{dts|format=dmy|2004|June|2}} (2) || {{coord|3.67|N|125.50|E|type:mountain}}

|-

| Submarine 1922 || submarine || align="right"|{{convert|sortable=on|-5,000|m|ft}} || unknown || {{coord|3.97|N|125.17|E|type:mountain}}

|}

File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Kustgezicht met vissersboot met op de achtergrond de Vuurberg Bandanaira TMnr 10021959.jpg]]

Halmahera island in the north of Molucca archipelago has been formed by the movement of three tectonic plates resulting in two intersecting mountain ranges, which form four rocky peninsulas separated by three deep bays. A volcanic arc stretches from north to south in the west side of Halmahera, some of which are volcanic islands, for instance, Gamalama and Tidore. Gamalama's island name is Ternate and it has been the centre for spice trading since the Portuguese Empire opened a fort in 1512. Due to its location as the centre for spice trading during the Age of Discovery, historical records of volcanic eruptions in Halmahera have been available as far back as the early 16th century.

File:Ternate.JPG erupting in the early 1700s with a Portuguese fort shown]]

Below is a list of selected major eruptions of volcanoes in Indonesia, sorted chronologically by the starting date of the eruption. Only eruptions with scale 3 or above on VEI are given with known sources and fatalities, except if smaller scale eruptions resulted in some fatalities.

!style="background:#f90;"|4

|align=center| cv,cl,pf,ph,ld,lm ||align=center| no ||align=center| 0.13 km³ ||align=center| 35

|align=center|{{cite web|url=http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/largeeruptions.cfm|title=Large Holocene Eruptions|department=Global Volcanism Program|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|access-date=18 December 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061230113521/http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/largeeruptions.cfm|archive-date=Dec 30, 2006}}

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1983|July|18}} ||align=center| Colo ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1983|December|}}

!style="background:#f90;"|4

|align=center| cv,pf,ph ||align=center| no ||align=center| N/A ||align=center| 0

|align=center|

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1982|April|5}} ||align=center| Galunggung ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1983|January|8}}

!style="background:#f90;"|4

|align=center| cv,pf,lf,lm ||align=center| no ||align=center| 0.37 km³ + ||align=center| 68

|align=center|{{cite journal|author1=Katili, J.A.|author2=Sudradjat, A.|name-list-style=amp|year=1984|title=Galunggung: the 1982-1983 eruption|journal=Volcanology Survei Indonesia|pages=102}}{{cite web|title=Galunggung, Java, Indonesia|url=http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/volc_images/southeast_asia/indonesia/galunggung.html|access-date=30 December 2006|work=Volcano World|publisher=Department of Geosciences at Oregon State University|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080616143900/http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/volc_images/southeast_asia/indonesia/galunggung.html|archive-date=16 June 2008}}

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1972|October|6}} ||align=center| Merapi ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1985|March|}}

!style="background-color: #FC0;"|2

|align=center| cv,pf,lf,ld,lm ||align=center|no ||align=center| 0.021 km³ ||align=center| 29

|align=center|

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1966|April|26}} ||align=center| Kelut ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1966|April|27}}

!style="background:#f90;"|4

| align=center| cv,cl,pf,lm ||align=center| no ||align=center| 0.089 km³ ||align=center| 212

|align=center|

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1963|March|17}} ||align=center| Agung ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1964|January|27}}

!style="background-color: #F60;"|5

|align=center| cv,pf,lf,lm ||align=center| no ||align=center| 1 km³ ||align=center| 1,148

|align=center|{{cite journal|author1=Michael R. Rampino|author2=Stephen Self|name-list-style=amp|title=Historic eruptions of Tambora (1815), Krakatau (1883), and Agung (1963), their stratospheric aerosols, and climatic impact|journal=Quaternary Research|volume=18|issue=2|year=1982|pages=127–143|doi=10.1016/0033-5894(82)90065-5|bibcode=1982QuRes..18..127R|s2cid=140594715}}

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1951|August|31}} ||align=center| Kelut ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1951|August|31}}

!style="background:#f90;"|4

|align=center| cv,cl,pf,lm ||align=center| no ||align=center| 0.2 km³ ||align=center| 7

|align=center|

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1930|November|25}} ||align=center| Merapi ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1931|September|}}

!style="background-color: #FC0;"|3

|align=center| cv,rf,pf,lf,ld,lm ||align=center| no ||align=center| 0.0017 km³ ||align=center| 1,369

|align=center|

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1919|May|19}} ||align=center| Kelut ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1919|May|20}}

!style="background:#f90;"|4

|align=center| cv,cl,pf,lm ||align=center| no ||align=center| 0.19 km³ ||align=center| 5,110

|align=center|

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1892|June|7}} ||align=center| Awu ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1892|June|12}}

!style="background-color: #FC0;"|3

|align=center| cv,pf,lm ||align=center| yes ||align=center| N/A ||align=center| 1,532

|align=center|{{cite web|title=Awu's Eruptive History|department=Global Volcanism Program|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|url=http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0607-04=&volpage=erupt|access-date=31 December 2006}}

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1883|August|26}} ||align=center| Krakatoa ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1884|February|}}

!style="background-color: #F00; color: white;"|6

|align=center| cv,se,pf,fa,lm,cc ||align=center| 15–42 m ||align=center| 5–8.5 km³ ||align=center| 36,600

|align=center|{{cite journal|doi=10.5194/nhess-3-321-2003|journal=Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences|title=Simulation of the trans-oceanic tsunami propagation due to the 1883 Krakatau volcanic eruption|author1=B.H. Choi|author2=E. Pelinovsky|author3=K.O. Kim|author4=J.S. Lee|year=2003|pages=321–332|issue=5|volume=3|bibcode=2003NHESS...3..321C|doi-access=free}}

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1872|April|15}} ||align=center| Merapi ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1872|April|21}}

!style="background:#f90;"|4

|align=center| cv,pf ||align=center| no ||align=center| 0.33 km³ ||align=center| 200

|align=center|

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1856|March|2}} ||align=center| Awu ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1856|March|17}}

!style="background-color: #FC0;"|3

|align=center| cv,pf,lm ||align=center| yes ||align=center| 0.51±0.50 km³ ||align=center| 2,806

|align=center|

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1822|October|8}} ||align=center| Galunggung ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1822|December|}}

!style="background-color: #F60;"|5

|align=center| cv,pf,ld,lm ||align=center| no ||align=center| 1 km³ + ||align=center| 4,011

|align=center|

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1815|April|10}} ||align=center| Mount Tambora ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1815|July|15}}

!style="background-color: #900; color: white;"|7

|align=center| cv,pf,cc ||align=center| 1–2 m ||align=center| 160 km³ ||align=center| 71,000+

|align=center|{{cite journal|last=Oppenheimer|first=Clive|title=Climatic, environmental and human consequences of the largest known historic eruption: Tambora volcano (Indonesia) 1815|journal=Progress in Physical Geography|volume=27|issue=2|year=2003|pages=230–259|doi=10.1191/0309133303pp379ra|bibcode=2003PrPG...27..230O|s2cid=131663534}}

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1812|August|6}} ||align=center| Awu ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1812|August|8}}

!style="background:#f90;"|4

|align=center| cv,pf,lm ||align=center| no ||align=center| 0.55±0.50 km³ ||align=center| 963

|align=center|

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1772|August|12}} ||align=center| Papandayan ||align=center| {{dts|format=dmy|1772|August|12}}

!style="background-color: #FC0;"|3

|align=center| cv,ph ||align=center| no ||align=center| N/A ||align=center| 2,957

|align=center|{{cite web|title=The Deadliest Eruptions|url=http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/education/facts/deadly_volcs.html|work=Volcano World|access-date=15 March 2009|publisher=Department of Geosciences at Oregon State University|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090125131010/http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/education/facts/deadly_volcs.html|archive-date=25 January 2009}}

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1672|August|4}} ||align=center| Merapi ||align=center| {{dts|1672|format=hide}}unknown

!style="background-color: #FC0;"|3

|align=center| cv,pf,lm ||align=center| no ||align=center| N/A ||align=center| 3,000

|align=center|

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1586||}} ||align=center| Kelut ||align=center| {{dts|1586|format=hide}}unknown

!style="background-color: #F60;"|5

|align=center| cf,cl,lm ||align=center| no ||align=center| 1 km³ + ||align=center| 10,000

|align=center|

|-

| align=center|{{dts|format=dmy|1257|September|}} ||align=center| Samalas ||align=center| {{dts|1257|format=hide}}unknown

!style="background-color: #900; color: white;"|7

|align=center| ||align=center| ||align=center| ||align=center| ||align=center|{{cite journal|last1=Vidal|first1=Céline M.|last2=Komorowski|first2=Jean-Christophe|last3=Métrich|first3=Nicole|last4=Pratomo|first4=Indyo|last5=Kartadinata|first5=Nugraha|last6=Prambada|first6=Oktory|last7=Michel|first7=Agnès|last8=Carazzo|first8=Guillaume|last9=Lavigne|first9=Franck|last10=Rodysill|first10=Jessica|last11=Fontijn|first11=Karen|last12=Surono|title=Dynamics of the major plinian eruption of Samalas in 1257 A.D. (Lombok, Indonesia)|journal=Bulletin of Volcanology|date=8 August 2015|volume=77|issue=9|pages=73|doi=10.1007/s00445-015-0960-9|bibcode=2015BVol...77...73V|s2cid=127929333}}

|-

| align=center|{{dts|74000|||BC|format=hide}}≈ 74,000 BP ||align=center| Toba ||align=center| {{dts|74000|||BC|format=hide}}unknown

!style="background-color: #900; color: white;"|9

|align=center| pf,lf,cc ||align=center| likely ||align=center| 2,800 km³ ||align=center| Possible near extinction of all the human population

|align=center|

|}

{{refbegin}}Notes: cv=central vent eruption, pf=pyroclastic flows, lf=lava flows, lm=lahar mudflows, cl=crater lake eruption, ph=phreatic eruption, ld=lava dome extrusion, cc=caldera collapse, se=submarine eruption, fa=fumarole activity, rf=radial fissure eruption.

{{refend}}

{{portal|Indonesia}}

• List of disasters in Indonesia
• List of earthquakes in Indonesia
• List of ultras of the Malay Archipelago
• Lists of volcanoes
• Volcanism of Indonesia
• Volcanism of Java

{{Reflist}}

{{notelist|notes=

{{efn|name=Padang1951|{{cite conference|author=M. Neumann van Padang|year=1951|title=Indonesia|book-title=Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World and Solfatara Fields|location=Rome|publisher=IAVCEI|edition=1|pages=1–271}}}}

{{efn|name=SimkinSiebert1994|{{cite book|title=Volcanoes of the World: A Regional Directory, Gazetteer, and Chronology of Volcanism During the Last 10,000 Years|author1=Tom Simkin|author2=Lee Siebert|name-list-style=amp|year=1994|publisher=Geoscience Press|edition=2nd|isbn=978-0-945005-12-4}}}}

}}

{{Commons category|Volcanoes of Indonesia}}

• [http://www.vsi.esdm.go.id/ Volcanological Survey Indonesia]
• {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100328012317/http://www.indovolcano.com/ Indonesian Volcanoes and mountains of Indonesia]}}

{{Indonesia topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Volcanoes in Indonesia}}

Volcanoes

Indonesia