Satin Doll

{{Short description|1953 song composed by Duke Ellington}}

{{about|the Duke Ellington composition|the album by Red Garland|Satin Doll (Red Garland album)|the album by Shirley Scott|Satin Doll (Shirley Scott album)|the album by Bobbi Humphrey|Satin Doll (Bobbi Humphrey album)}}

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{{Infobox song

| title = Satin Doll

| composer = Duke Ellington, Billy Strayhorn

| lyricist = Johnny Mercer

| name = Satin Doll

| published = 1953

| genre = Jazz standard

}}

"Satin Doll" is a jazz standard written by Duke Ellington and Billy Strayhorn with lyrics by Johnny Mercer.{{cite web|last=Micucci|first=Matt|title=A short history of … "Satin Doll"|url=https://www.jazziz.com/short-history-satin-doll-duke-ellington-billy-strayhorn-1953/|website=Jazziz.com|date=May 2, 2017|access-date=December 2, 2020}} Written in 1953, the song has been recorded by Ella Fitzgerald, Carmen McRae, Billy Eckstine, Nancy Wilson, Bobby Short, and many other vocalists. As an instrumental, it has been recorded by hundreds of jazz artists. Its chord progression is well known for its unusual use of chords and opening with a ii-V-I turnaround.{{Citation | url = http://www.jazzstandards.com/compositions-0/satindoll.htm | title = Compositions | contribution = Satin Doll | publisher = Jazz Standards}}.

Background

File:Billy Strayhorn, New York, N.Y., between 1946 and 1948 (William P. Gottlieb 08211).jpg]]

According to Strayhorn biographer David Hajdu, Ellington wrote the main melodic themes for "Satin Doll", then asked Strayhorn to harmonize and orchestrate the tune and write an original lyric.({{cite book | last=Hajdu | first=David | author-link=David Hajdu | title=Lush Life: A Biography of Billy Strayhorn | url=https://archive.org/details/lushlifebiograph00hajd | url-access=registration | location=New York | publisher=Farrar Straus & Giroux | year=1996 | isbn=0-374-19438-6}} Hajdu wrote that Strayhorn did pen a lyric for the song that was a tribute to Strayhorn's mother (whom Strayhorn called "Satin Doll"), but that Strayhorn's lyric was not performed and is now lost. The Duke Ellington Orchestra recorded the piece as an instrumental in 1953, and the song charted that same year and remained popular through the 1950s.

Around 1959, Johnny Mercer was asked to write a new lyric for the song. An instrumental version by guitarist Johnny Smith released in 1959 lists Mercer as a composer, though the copyright registration for the version of the song with Mercer's lyric was not filed until 1960.{{cite book | last=Van de Leur | first=Walter | title=Something to Live For: The Music of Billy Strayhorn | location=New York | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=2002 | isbn=0-19-512448-0}}

Commercial recordings

See also

References

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