Shaytan-Tau Nature Reserve

The Shaytan-Tau Reserve is located in low valleys of the right bank of the Sakmara River and Kurasha River in Southern Urals. The Shaytantau ridge is in fact the most southern spur of the Urals. The terrain that is mostly forest-steppe. There are mountain streams, but by the mid-summer many of them are dry.{{cite web|title=Shaytan-Tau|url=http://www.orenburg-gov.ru/Info/Turism/Potencial/Kuvandyk/Shaytantau/|website=Orenurg Tourism|publisher=Orenburg Oblast|accessdate=2 April 2016}} The highest altitude is {{convert|578|m|ft|abbr=on}} on top of the Karasura plateau at the headwaters of the Kurasha River. The lowest point 207 meters in the river valleys. The ridge features rocks of Silurian and Devonian periods (jasper, siliceous shale, tuffaceous sandstones, conglomerates, serpentinite, and others.) The limestone outcrops contain fossils of marine invertebrates and algae.

File:KurashaRiver2.jpg

Shatan-Tau is located in the Pontic–Caspian steppe ecoregion. The Pontic steppe (name after Euxeinos Pontos, the Black Sea), is a grassland that stretches from eastern Romania to Kazakhstan, across the northern edges of the Black Sea and Caspian Sea. It is an expansive prairie that is relatively flat and has fertile soil.{{cite web|title=Pontic steppe|url=http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/178216/|publisher=Encyclopedia of Earth|accessdate=January 24, 2016}}{{cite web|title=Map of Ecoregions 2017|url=https://ecoregions2017.appspot.com/|publisher=Resolve, using WWF data|language=en|access-date=September 14, 2019}}

The climate of Shatan-Tau is Humid continental climate, warm summer (Köppen climate classification (Dfb)). This climate is characterized by large swings in temperature, both diurnally and seasonally, with mild summers and cold, snowy winters.{{cite web|first1=M. |last1=Kottek |first2=J. |last2=Grieser |first3=C. |last3=Beck |first4=B. |last4=Rudolf |first5=F. |last5=Rubel |date=2006 |title=World Map of Koppen-Geiger Climate Classification Updated|url=http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/pdf/Paper_2006.pdf|publisher=Gebrüder Borntraeger 2006|language=en|access-date=September 14, 2019}}{{cite web|title=Dataset - Koppen climate classifications|url=https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/world-maps-k%C3%B6ppen-geiger-climate-classification|publisher=World Bank|language=en|access-date=September 14, 2019}}

==Flora and fauna==

The plant communities of Shaytan-Tau are a those of the meeting zone between the Eastern European deciduous oak and linden forests, and mixed-grass meadows and rocky steppes.{{cite web|title=Shatan-Tau Zapovednik|url=http://www.zapoved.ru/catalog/biodiversity/262/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83-%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA |publisher=Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Russia)|language=ru|accessdate=March 11, 2016}} The animal life of the reserve is similarly a combination of taiga animal species (brown bear, elk, wild boar, marten, lynx, squirrels, badgers, etc.), and steppe species (such as marmot, ground squirrel, and pika). Representative birds include the peregrine falcon, osprey, and golden eagle. Scientists on the reserve have recorded 40 species of mammals, 101 birds, 6 reptiles, and 6 amphibians.

File:Болота.jpg

As a strict nature reserve, the Shaytan-Tau Reserve is mostly closed to the general public, although scientists and those with 'environmental education' purposes can make arrangements with park management for visits. Public groups may be able to arrange for a guided tour on an 'ecotourist route', but permits must be obtained in advance. Shaytan-Tau is jointly administered, along with the Orenburg Nature Reserve by FGBU Orenburg Zapovednik. There is a staff of over 40 scientists, rangers, educators, and administrators. The main office is in the city of Orenburg.

==See also==

• List of Russian Nature Reserves (IUCN class Ia 'Zapovedniks')
• National parks of Russia (IUCN class II protected areas)

{{reflist}}

• [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cxdaioFzNyY Video tour of Shaytan-Tau Nature Reserve (in Russian)]

{{Commons category|Shaytantau Nature Reserve}}

{{Russian Zapovedniks}}

Category:Nature reserves in Russia

Category:2014 establishments in Russia

Category:Protected areas established in 2014

Category:Geography of Orenburg Oblast

Category:Zapovednik