Simijaca Formation

{{Infobox rockunit

| name = Simijaca Formation

| period = Turonian

| age = Cenomanian-Turonian
~{{fossil range|100|90}}

| image =

| imagesize =

| caption =

| type = Geological formation

| prilithology = Mudstone

| otherlithology = Shale, sandstone, limestone

| unitof = Villeta Group

| subunits =

| underlies = La Frontera Formation

| overlies = Chiquinquirá Sst., Churuvita Fm., Hiló Fm., Pacho Fm.

| thickness = up to {{Convert|693|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}}

| area =

| map = Blakey 090Ma - COL.jpg

| map_caption = Paleogeography of Northern South America
90 Ma, {{small|by Ron Blakey}}

| location =

| coordinates = {{coord|5|29|15|N|73|50|55|W|display=inline,title}}

| region = Altiplano Cundiboyacense
Eastern Ranges, Andes

| country = Colombia

| extent =

| namedfor = Simijaca

| namedby = Ulloa & Rodríguez

| year_ts = 1991

| location_ts = South of Simijaca

| coordinates_ts = {{coord|5|29|15|N|73|50|55|W|display=inline}}

| paleocoordinates_ts =

| region_ts = Cundinamarca, Boyacá

| country_ts = Colombia

| thickness_ts = {{convert|432|m|ft|-1}}

}}

The Simijaca Formation ({{langx|es|Formación Simijaca}}, K2S, Kss) is a geological formation of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The predominantly mudstone formation dates to the Late Cretaceous period; Turonian and Cenomanian epochs, and has a maximum thickness of {{convert|693|m|ft}}.

Etymology

The formation was defined and named in 1991 by Ulloa and Rodríguez after Simijaca, Cundinamarca.Montoya & Reyes, 2005, p.21

Description

= Lithologies =

The Simijaca Formation is characterised by a sequence of mudstones, grey and black shales with sandstone and limestone intercalations.

= Stratigraphy and depositional environment =

The Simijaca Formation conformably overlies the Chiquinquirá Sandstone, and the Hiló and Pacho Formations, and is overlain by the La Frontera Formation.Acosta & Ulloa, 2001, p.32 The age has been estimated to be Turonian, or Cenomanian.Acosta & Ulloa, 2001, p.41 Stratigraphically, the formation is time equivalent with the Chipaque Formation.Montoya & Reyes, 2005, p.22 The formation has been deposited in an open marine platform setting.García González et al., 2009, p.209 The deposition is represented by a maximum flooding surface.Villamil, 2012, p.164

Outcrops

{{Location map | Altiplano Cundiboyacense

| width = 250

| lat_deg = 5.487727

| lon_deg = -73.848494

| label =

| float = left

| position = right

| mark = Green pog.svg

| marksize = 12

| caption = Type locality of the Simijaca Formation on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense

}}

The Simijaca Formation is apart from its type locality in the Quebrada Don Lope,Acosta & Ulloa, 2001, p.38 found at surface in the north of the Bogotá savanna, in the Tabio anticlinal, along the road Ubaté-Carmen de Carupa,Montoya & Reyes, 2005, p.23 at the western and eastern flanks of the Aponsentos-Chiquinquirá Synclinal,Plancha 190, 2009 near Tena, south of Anolaima and Cachipay,Plancha 227, 1998 and between Anapoima and Granada.Plancha 246, 1998

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See also

{{Portal|Colombia|Geology}}

:{{icon|FAC}} Geology of the Eastern Hills

:{{icon|B}} Geology of the Ocetá Páramo

:{{icon|C}} Geology of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense

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References

{{reflist|20em}}

= Bibliography =

  • {{citation |last1=Acosta Garay |first1=Jorge |last2=Ulloa Melo |first2=Carlos E. |year=2001 |title=Geología de la Plancha 208 Villeta - 1:100,000 |url=http://aplicaciones1.sgc.gov.co/Bodega/i_vector/130/10/0100/20136/documento/pdf/0101201361101000.pdf |publisher=INGEOMINAS |pages=1–84 |accessdate=2017-03-23}}
  • {{citation |last1=García González |first1=Mario |last2=Mier Umaña |first2=Ricardo |last3=Cruz Guevara |first3=Luis Enrique |last4=Vásquez |first4=Mauricio |year=2009 |title=Informe Ejecutivo - evaluación del potencial hidrocarburífero de las cuencas colombianas |publisher=Universidad Industrial de Santander |pages=1–219}}
  • {{citation |last1=Montoya Arenas |first1=Diana María |last2=Reyes Torres |first2=Germán Alfonso |year=2005 |title=Geología de la Sabana de Bogotá |publisher=INGEOMINAS |pages=1–104}}
  • {{citation |last=Villamil |first=Tomas |year=2012 |title=Chronology Relative Sea Level History and a New Sequence Stratigraphic Model for Basinal Cretaceous Facies of Colombia |publisher=Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) |pages=161–216}}

== Maps ==

  • {{citation |last1=Ulloa |first1=Carlos E |last2=Rodríguez |first2=Erasmo |year=2009 |title=Plancha 170 - Vélez - 1:100,000 |url=https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QcGU2Z19qSDBTZ28 |publisher=INGEOMINAS |pages=1 |accessdate=2017-06-06}}
  • {{citation |last1=Fuquen M. |first1=Jaime A |last2=Osorno M |first2=José F. |year=2009 |title=Plancha 190 - Chiquinquirá - 1:100,000 |url=https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QVEYzMnV1ekNxTDQ |publisher=INGEOMINAS |pages=1 |accessdate=2017-06-06}}
  • {{citation |last1=Ulloa |first1=Carlos |last2=Acosta |first2=Jorge |year=1998 |title=Plancha 208 - Villeta - 1:100,000 |url=https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QMjhLeWJ0aU1Za1U |publisher=INGEOMINAS |pages=1 |accessdate=2017-06-06}}
  • {{citation |last1=Montoya |first1=Diana María |last2=Reyes |first2=Germán |year=2009 |title=Plancha 209 - Zipaquirá - 1:100,000 |url=https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QYUdHRWFiN1JrVms |publisher=INGEOMINAS |pages=1 |accessdate=2017-06-06}}
  • {{citation |last1=Ulloa |first1=Carlos E |last2=Rodríguez |first2=Erasmo |last3=Acosta |first3=Jorge E. |year=1998 |title=Plancha 227 - La Mesa - 1:100,000 |url=https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QR0k3cWk2aTlwbEk |publisher=INGEOMINAS |pages=1 |accessdate=2017-06-06}}
  • {{citation |last1=Acosta |first1=Jorge E. |last2=Ulloa |first2=Carlos E. |year=1998 |title=Plancha 246 - Fusagasugá - 1:100,000 |url=https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwFQPMJEi17QNkY5UEloZU9pdEk |publisher=INGEOMINAS |pages=1 |accessdate=2017-06-06}}