Solar eclipse of November 11, 1863
{{Short description|Annular solar eclipse November 11, 1863}}
{{Infobox solar eclipse|1863Nov11
| previous = Solar eclipse of May 17, 1863
| next = Solar eclipse of May 6, 1864
}}
An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Wednesday, November 11, 1863, with a magnitude of 0.9943. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 3.7 days before perigee (on November 15, 1863, at 12:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=1863&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=4 September 2024}}
The path of annularity was visible from parts of Antarctica. A partial solar eclipse was also visible for parts of Southern Africa, Antarctica, and southern Australia.
Description
The eclipse took place in Africa including Namacqualand (then also South-West Africa, now Namibia), Bechuanaland (now Botswana) South Africa (which included the British colonies and the Boer states at the time), Basutoland (parts now Lesotho), Zululand (now part of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa) and portions of Swaziland. The rest took place in the South Atlantic up to hundreds of kilometers (or miles) offshore from South America except for Tierra del Fuego which was included and included the islands, the Indian Ocean, all of Antarctica which many areas had a 24-hour daylight that time, the southernmost areas of Australia along with Tasmania and the southernmost parts of the Pacific Ocean.
As the moon moved towards the left on Earth in Africa, at the peninsular portion, it was seen as it was moved towards the bottom right, then right then top as the axis spun at around the 71st parallel south.
The eclipse started at sunrise close to South America and finished at sunset in Australia, 70% at the Antarctic shores at the Indian Ocean.
It showed up to 30% obscuration in the area of Cape Town and Cape Agulhas up to 99% inside the maximum width of band. The greatest eclipse was in the middle of Antarctica east of the Prime Meridian at 75.4 S, 15.1 E at 8:09 UTC (9:09 AM local time) and lasted for 22 seconds, the maximum width of band was only 42 km (26 miles), the view around it was partly dark even inside the clouds.{{cite web|title=Solar eclipse of June 27, 1862|url=http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/5MCSEmap/1801-1900/1863-11-11.gif|publisher=NASA|accessdate=March 22, 2017}}
The subsolar marking was east of Madagascar and close to the Mascarene Islands.
Eclipse details
Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.{{cite web|title=Annular Solar Eclipse of 1863 Nov 11|url=https://eclipsewise.com/solar/SEprime/1801-1900/SE1863Nov11Aprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=4 September 2024}}
| class="wikitable" align="{{{align|left}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|left|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"
|+November 11, 1863 Solar Eclipse Times ! Event ! Time (UTC) |
| First Penumbral External Contact
| 1863 November 11 at 05:50:20.4 UTC |
| First Umbral External Contact
| 1863 November 11 at 07:16:14.8 UTC |
| First Central Line
| 1863 November 11 at 07:17:07.6 UTC |
| Greatest Duration
| 1863 November 11 at 07:17:07.6 UTC |
| First Umbral Internal Contact
| 1863 November 11 at 07:18:01.0 UTC |
| Ecliptic Conjunction
| 1863 November 11 at 07:59:38.2 UTC |
| Greatest Eclipse
| 1863 November 11 at 08:09:02.9 UTC |
| Equatorial Conjunction
| 1863 November 11 at 08:26:28.2 UTC |
| Last Umbral Internal Contact
| 1863 November 11 at 08:59:54.9 UTC |
| Last Central Line
| 1863 November 11 at 09:00:45.6 UTC |
| Last Umbral External Contact
| 1863 November 11 at 09:01:35.7 UTC |
| Last Penumbral External Contact
| 1863 November 11 at 10:27:32.0 UTC |
| class="wikitable" align="{{{align|right}}}" style="margin:{{#ifeq:{{{align}}}|right|0 0 0.5em 1em|0 1em 0.5em 0}}"
|+November 11, 1863 Solar Eclipse Parameters ! Parameter ! Value |
| Eclipse Magnitude
| 0.99433 |
| Eclipse Obscuration
| 0.98868 |
| Gamma
| −0.87594 |
| Sun Right Ascension
| 15h04m02.6s |
| Sun Declination
| -17°20'12.6" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter
| 16'09.8" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 08.9" |
| Moon Right Ascension
| 15h03m23.8s |
| Moon Declination
| -18°10'30.9" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter
| 15'57.1" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax
| 0°58'32.5" |
| ΔT
| 6.8 s |
{{clear}}
Eclipse season
{{See also|Eclipse cycle}}
This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.
| class="wikitable"
|+ Eclipse season of November 1863 ! November 11 | |
| 200px | |
| align=center
| Annular solar eclipse | Partial lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 133 |
Related eclipses
= Eclipses in 1863 =
- A partial solar eclipse on May 17.
- A total lunar eclipse on June 1.
- An annular solar eclipse on November 11.
- A partial lunar eclipse on November 25.
= Metonic =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of January 23, 1860
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of August 29, 1867
= Tzolkinex =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of September 29, 1856
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of December 22, 1870
= Half-Saros =
- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of November 4, 1854
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of November 15, 1872
= Tritos =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of December 11, 1852
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of October 10, 1874
= Solar Saros 121 =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of October 30, 1845
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of November 21, 1881
= Inex =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of November 30, 1834
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of October 20, 1892
= Triad =
- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of January 9, 1777
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of September 12, 1950
= Solar eclipses of 1862–1866 =
{{Lunar year eclipse set info}}
The partial solar eclipses on June 27, 1862 and December 21, 1862 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the partial solar eclipse on March 16, 1866 occurs in the next lunar year eclipse set.
| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
!class="nowrap" colspan="7" | Solar eclipse series sets from 1862 to 1866 |
| scope="col" colspan="3" | Ascending node
| rowspan="6" | ! scope="col" colspan="3" | Descending node |
|---|
| style="text-align: center;"
! scope="col" | Saros ! scope="col" | Map ! scope="col" | Gamma ! scope="col" | Saros ! scope="col" | Map ! scope="col" | Gamma |
| style="text-align: center;"
| 111 | November 21, 1862 | −1.5052 | 116 | May 17, 1863 | 1.0627 |
| style="text-align: center;"
| 121 | November 11, 1863 | −0.8760 | 126 | May 6, 1864 | 0.2622 |
| style="text-align: center;"
| 131 | October 30, 1864 | −0.1816 | 136 | April 25, 1865 | −0.4826 |
| style="text-align: center;"
| 141 | October 19, 1865 | 0.5366 | 146 | April 15, 1866 | −1.1846 |
| style="text-align: center;"
| 151 | October 8, 1866 | 1.2296 | | | | |
= Saros 121 =
{{Solar Saros series 121}}
= Metonic series =
{{Solar Metonic series 1837–1928}}
= Tritos series =
{{Solar Tritos series 2005 October 3}}
= Inex series =
{{Solar Inex series 2008 August 1}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEsearchmap.php?Ecl=18631111 Google interactive maps]
- [http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEdata.php?Ecl=18631111 Solar eclipse data]
{{Solar eclipses}}