Sound City Studios#History

{{Short description|Recording studio in Los Angeles, California}}

{{Infobox venue

| name = Sound City Studios

| image = Sound City Logo.jpg

| image_size = 220px

| location = Los Angeles, California

| opened = 1969

| address = 15452 Cabrito Road, Van Nuys, Los Angeles, California, 91406

}}

Sound City Studios is a recording studio in Los Angeles, California, United States, known as one of the most successful in popular music. The complex opened in 1969 in the Van Nuys neighborhood of Los Angeles. The facility had previously been a production factory of the English musical instrument manufacturer Vox. Throughout the late twentieth century, the studio became known for its signature sound, especially in recording drums and live performances of rock bands.

Hundreds of rock artists spanning five decades have recorded at Sound City, including The Grateful Dead, Johnny Cash, Neil Young, Fleetwood Mac, Elton John, U2, Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Bob Dylan, Guns N' Roses, Nirvana, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Metallica, Tool, Slayer, Rage Against the Machine, Death Cab for Cutie, and Fall Out Boy. Over one hundred albums recorded at Sound City have achieved gold and platinum certifications.{{cite web|url=http://filmjamblog.com/2013/03/08/sound-city-classic-rock-fans-will-find-much-to-admire/|title=Sound City: Classic rock fans will find much to admire |first=Padraic|last=Coffey|work=filmjamblog|date=8 March 2013|access-date=9 June 2013|quote=Sound City Studios was host to a plethora of talents, recording over 100 certified gold and platinum albums, before its closure in 2011. [...] The studio's incomparable reputation for quality percussion sound is tested in a brief high-energy montage of Grohl, Foo Fighters drummer Taylor Hawkins and other players behind the skins.}}{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-xpm-2013-jan-31-la-et-mn-sound-city-review-20130201-story.html|title=Movie review: 'Sound City' is homage to recording studio equipment|first=Kenneth|last=Turan|author-link=Kenneth Turan|work=Los Angeles Times|date=31 January 2013|access-date=9 June 2013}}

The studio leased time for public use until 2011; in 2011 the owners closed the studio and much of the equipment was sold off. From 2011 to 2016, the studio was leased by Fairfax Recordings, who used it as their own exclusive in-house studio. In 2017 the studio was re-opened for public use and has continued to host artists in the years since.{{cite web |title=Rebirth of a Legend |url=https://www.soundcitystudios.com/ |website=Sound City Studios |access-date=26 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170713104520/https://www.soundcitystudios.com/ |archive-date=13 July 2017}} The complex was the focus of the documentary Sound City (2013), directed by musician Dave Grohl. Grohl purchased some of the equipment sold in 2011, including the rare Neve 8028 mixing console that has been credited with creating the "Sound City sound"; it has since been re-installed at Grohl's Studio 606.

History

The studio was created by Joe Gottfried and Tom Skeeter, who wanted to start a record company and get into artist management. After a rough start, Skeeter and Gottfried purchased a custom state-of-the-art recording console{{cite news|url=http://www.artistdirect.com/entertainment-news/article/sound-city-movie-review-5-out-of-5-stars/10380055|title='Sound City' Movie Review — 5 out of 5 stars|first=Rick|last=Florino|publisher=Artistdirect|location=Santa Monica, California|date=29 January 2013|access-date=11 June 2013}}{{cite news|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/ae/movie-reviews/movie-review-sound-city-captures-heyday-of-a-legendary-la-music-studio-685112/|title=Movie Review: 'Sound City' captures heyday of a legendary LA music studio|first=Scott|last=Mervis|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|date=26 April 2013|access-date=11 June 2013}}{{cite news |url=http://readbuzz.com/movies-tv/2013/rock-docs-sound-city-2013 |title=Rock Docs: Sound City (2013) |first=Patrick|last=Filbin |work=Buzz Weekly |location=Champaign-Urbana, Illinois|date=9 April 2013 |access-date=11 June 2013}} for $75,175 from the English electronics engineer Rupert Neve:{{cite web|url=http://www.allmovie.com/movie/sound-city-v576055/review|title=Sound City (2013) - Review - AllMovie|first=Mark|last=Deming|work=Allmusic|publisher=Rovi Corporation|date=1 February 2013|access-date=9 June 2013}} "One of four in the world ... a 28-input, 16-bus, 24-monitor 8028 with 1084 EQs and no automation".{{cite news |url=http://www.mixonline.com/news/facilities/la-grapevine-march-2009/367413 |title=L.A. Grapevine, March 2009 |first=Bud |last=Scoppa |magazine=Mix |date=1 March 2009 |access-date=21 March 2017}}

The first song recorded on the console was performed by Buckingham Nicks and led to an invitation to join Fleetwood Mac.

During 1969, Sound City hosted the David Briggs productions Twelve Dreams of Dr. Sardonicus by Spirit and After the Gold Rush by Neil Young. Cult leader Charles Manson recorded in Studio B months before the Manson Family crime spree.

In the 1970s, Neil Young, Dr. John, Spirit, Crazy Horse, and Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, along with other bands, recorded music at the studio. Shelter Records founders Leon Russell and Denny Cordell found a home at Sound City as well, recording Leon Russell, Delaney & Bonnie, and Joe Cocker. Thanks to the Shelter founders, Sound City hosted a young band from Florida named Mudcrutch in 1974, providing an introduction to Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers that resulted in a relationship spanning over two decades.

In 1976, Fleetwood Mac recorded one track at the studio, "Never Going Back Again", from what would become one of the highest selling and most critically acclaimed albums of all time, Rumours.{{cite news |url=http://www.fleetwoodmac-uk.com/stillgoinginsane_old/articles/197700.html | title=The recording of Fleetwood Mac's Rumours (February 1976 - February 1977)|date=May 1997 |magazine=Q |author=Q staff |issue=128 |access-date=8 April 2018}}{{Cite web |url=https://www.discogs.com/it/lists/The-Guardian-100-Best-Albums-Ever/10967?limit=100 |title=100 Best Albums Ever |author= |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=19 September 1997 |access-date=8 April 2018 |via=Discogs}}{{cite news|url= https://edition.cnn.com/2012/06/26/showbiz/fleetwood-mac-rumours/index.html|title= Fleetwood Mac's 'Rumours' at 35: Still the 'perfect album'|first=Katie|last=McLaughlin|publisher=CNN|date=27 June 2012|access-date=13 December 2012}}

During the 1980s and 1990s, the studio was used to produce works from Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Rick Springfield, Ronnie James Dio, Foreigner, The Black Crowes, and Nirvana. Producer Rick Rubin chose Sound City Studios to record artists like Red Hot Chili Peppers and Johnny Cash (1996's Unchained). He also recorded Metallica's Death Magnetic, which entered the Billboard Top 200 chart at No. 1, at the studio.{{cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/metallica/chart-history/tlp/ |title=Metallica {{!}} Chart History. Billboard 200 |magazine=Billboard |access-date=8 April 2018}}{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/death-magnetic-mw0000792030/awards |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101212249/http://www.allmusic.com/album/death-magnetic-mw0000792030/awards |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 January 2016 |title=Dead Magnetic - Metallica. Awards |work=Allmusic |publisher=Rovi Corporation |access-date=28 August 2013 |df=dmy-all }}

Joe Gottfried died in 1992, at the age of 65. Tom Skeeter died on 12 September 2014, at the age of 82.{{cite web|url=http://www.thedeadrockstarsclub.com/2014b.html|title=The Dead Rock Stars Club : 2014 July to December|publisher=Thedeadrockstarsclub.com|access-date=15 September 2014|author=Doc Rock}} The studio was closed to the public in 2011 and much of the equipment sold off, including the Neve 8028 console from Studio A which was purchased by Dave Grohl, former Nirvana drummer and current frontman of Foo Fighters, who installed it in his Studio 606 in Northridge, California.{{Cite news |last=Hutchinson |first=Charles |url=https://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/17654069.blues-godfather-john-mayall-to-play-york-barbican/ |title=Blues godfather John Mayall to play York Barbican |newspaper=The Press (York) |date=21 May 2019 |access-date=27 May 2019}}

In 2011, record label Fairfax Recording leased Studio A for exclusive use of its artists{{Cite news |last=Bieger |first=Hannes |url=https://www.soundonsound.com/music-business/fairfax-recording-california |title=Fairfax Recording, California |magazine=Sound on Sound |date=January 2017 |access-date=27 May 2019}} While the studio was left untouched, the control room was refurbished and analog recording equipment even older than the Neve console was added including an ARP 2600 semi-modular analog synthesizer, a Wurlitzer 140B electric piano and EQ modules designed for the Columbia CBS Studios in New York. Artists such as the Cold War Kids, and The Lumineers recorded at the facility during the Fairfax years.

In early 2017 a partnership was formed between Sandy Skeeter, daughter of founder Tom Skeeter, and Olivier Chastan in order to reopen the studio. Sound City is now the home of two of just 11 surviving Helios Type 69 consoles{{cite web |last=Ramsey |first=Colby |title=Studio Profile: Sound City Studios |url=https://www.audiomediainternational.com/2017/10/17/studio-profile-sound-city-studios/ |website=Audio Media International |access-date=20 June 2019}} and continues to use classic analog recording techniques in many of its productions. While the control rooms received some upgrades, including Pro Tools, the main studio remains exactly as it was built in 1969.{{cite web |title=Sound City Studios |url=https://www.theaudiohunt.com/profile/sound-city-studios |website=The Audio Hunt |access-date=20 June 2019}}

Sound

Sound City Studios prides itself on having a very particular sound when it comes to recording drums.{{YouTube|hfBTv5b_Cok|Sound City Drum Sound}}.{{cite news|url=http://www.villagevoice.com/2013-01-30/film/dave-grohl-and-other-rockers-toast-l-a-s-sound-city/full/|title=Dave Grohl and Other Rockers Toast L.A.'s Sound City|first=Alan|last=Scherstuhl|work=The Village Voice|location=New York City|date=30 January 2013 |access-date=9 June 2013}}{{cite web|url=http://harmonicjunction.com/sound-city-documentary-review/|title=Sound City Documentary – Review|first=Alec|last=Wren|work=harmonicjunction.com|date=11 March 2013|access-date=9 June 2013|quote=Coupled with the console was the large live room, a room that defied its undesirable acoustical sizing and characteristics to generate drum tracks that would redefine rock music.}}{{cite web|url=http://ronansrecordingshow.com/2009/04/sound-city-studios-tour-neil-young-to-metallica-to-kyuss-to-tom-petty-to-nirvana-03/|title=Sound City Studios Documentary. Neil Young to Metallica to Kyuss to Tom Petty to Nirvana|first=Ronan Chris|last=Murphy|work=ronansrecordingshow.com|date=6 April 2009|access-date=9 June 2013|quote=This place is heaven for analog recording gear fanatics and has what some consider the best drum room in the world.}} Toto drummer Jeff Porcaro insisted that one only had to set up the drums in order to get a good drum sound.{{cite web|url=http://www.kentfackenthall.com/2012/07/19/the-sound-of-sound-city-studios/|title=The Sound of Sound City Studios |first=Kent|last=Fackenthall|work=kentfackenthall.com|date=19 July 2012 |access-date=27 February 2018}} Producer Rick Rubin said that "guitars sound pretty much the same everywhere, but drums change from room to room, and the sound at Sound City was among the best". Producer Greg Fidelman recorded the sound of a bass drum from each of the big recording studios in the Los Angeles area, subsequently playing the sample for Metallica without divulging from which studio the sound had originated. Based upon this sample, the band chose Sound City Studios to record Death Magnetic.{{r|kentfackenthall}} In addition, when asked by Nine Inch Nails to be a guest drummer on some songs, Dave Grohl agreed only if the songs were to be recorded at Sound City Studios.{{r|kentfackenthall}} The interior of the main studio has allegedly never been painted over, nor its linoleum tiles changed, due to fear that any such change would directly affect the "legendary sound quality" of the room.

Discography

class="wikitable sortable"

!Year

!Artist

!Album

!Producer

rowspan="4" | 1970SpiritTwelve Dreams of Dr. SardonicusDavid Briggs
rowspan="3"|Neil Young

|rowspan="3"|After The Gold Rush

|Neil Young

David Briggs
Kendall Pacios
1972Dr. JohnDr. John's GumboJerry Wexler
1973Buckingham NicksBuckingham NicksKeith Olsen
rowspan="4" | 1974Evel KnievelEvel KnievelRon Kramer
Elton JohnCaribouGus Dudgeon
Bachman–Turner OverdriveNot FragileRandy Bachman
Bill CosbyAt Last Bill Cosby Really SingsStu Gardner
rowspan="3" | 1975Fleetwood MacFleetwood MacKeith Olsen
WarWhy Can't We Be Friends?Jerry Goldstein
Nils LofgrenNils LofgrenDavid Briggs
1976Rick SpringfieldWait for Night Mark K. Smith
rowspan="5" | 1977Grateful DeadTerrapin StationKeith Olsen
rowspan="4"|REO Speedwagon

|rowspan="4"|You Can Tune a Piano, but You Can't Tuna Fish

|John Boylan

Gary Richrath
Kevin Cronin
Paul Grupp
rowspan="4" | 1978Cheap TrickHeaven TonightTom Werman
rowspan="2"|Walter Egan

|rowspan="2"|Not Shy

|Lindsey Buckingham

Richard Dashut
ForeignerDouble VisionKeith Olsen
1979Tom Petty and the HeartbreakersDamn the TorpedoesJimmy Iovine
rowspan="2" | 1980Gentle GiantCivilianGentle Giant
Pat BenatarCrimes of PassionKeith Olsen
rowspan="5" |1981

|rowspan="2"|Rick Springfield

|rowspan="2"|Working Class Dog

|Keith Olsen

Bill Drescher
rowspan="2"|Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers

|rowspan="2"|Hard Promises

|Tom Petty

Jimmy Iovine
SantanaZebop!Keith Olsen
rowspan="7" | 1982Pat BenatarPrecious TimeKeith Olsen
rowspan="2"|Hawks

|rowspan="2"|30 Seconds Over Otho

|John Ryan

Hawks
REO SpeedwagonGood TroubleKevin Beamish
FearThe RecordGary Lobow
Barry ManilowHere Comes the NightBill Drescher
Rick SpringfieldLiving in OzBill Drescher
rowspan="2" | 1983DioHoly DiverRonnie James Dio
Sharon O'NeillForeign AffairsJohn Boylan
rowspan="6" | 1984RattOut of the CellarBeau Hill
Rick SpringfieldHard to HoldBill Drescher
LionheartHot TonightKevin Beamish
The WinansTomorrowScott V. Smith
BeBe & CeCe WinansLord Lift Us UpBill Maxwell
SaxonCrusaderKevin Beamish
rowspan="3" |1985

|rowspan="2"|Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers

|rowspan="2"|Southern Accents

|Tom Petty

Jimmy Iovine
LoudnessThunder in the EastMax Norman
1986

|Guns N' Roses

|Appetite for Destruction (Sound City Sessions)

|Mike Clink, Manny Charlton

1988Fleetwood MacGreatest Hits
rowspan="2" | 1989KeelLarger Than LiveRon Keel
Dangerous ToysDangerous ToysMax Norman
1991NirvanaNevermindButch Vig
rowspan="6" |1992

|rowspan="2"|Kyuss

|rowspan="2"|Blues for the Red Sun

|Kyuss

Chris Goss
rowspan="2"|Masters of Reality

|rowspan="2"|Sunrise on the Sufferbus

|Chris Goss

Ginger Baker
Rage Against the MachineRage Against the MachineGarth Richardson
Green JellÿCereal KillerSylvia Massy
rowspan="6" |1993

|rowspan="2"|Kyuss

|rowspan="2"|Welcome to Sky Valley

|Kyuss

Chris Goss
rowspan="2"|Tool

|rowspan="2"|Undertow

|Sylvia Massy

C.J. Buscaglia
RancidRancidBrett Gurewitz
Tom PettyGreatest Hits
rowspan="5" | 1994Tom PettyWildflowersRick Rubin
The Black CrowesAmoricaJack Joseph Puig
rowspan="3"|Slayer

|rowspan="3"|Divine Intervention

|Rick Rubin

Toby Wright
Slayer
rowspan="4" | 1995Dashboard ProphetsBurning Out The InsideGarth Richardson
Red Hot Chili PeppersOne Hot MinuteRick Rubin
KerbdogOn The TurnGarth Richardson
Kyuss...And the Circus Leaves TownChris Goss
rowspan="7" | 1996Tom Petty and the HeartbreakersSongs and Music from "She's the One"Tom Petty
rowspan="2"|Carl Perkins

|rowspan="2"|Go Cat Go!

|Various artists

Eddie Kramer
Johnny CashUnchainedRick Rubin
rowspan="2"|Weezer

|rowspan="2"|Pinkerton

|Weezer

David Fridmann
TonicLemon ParadeJack Joseph Puig
rowspan="2" |1997

|

Bruce Dickinson

|Accident of Birth

|Roy Z

Fu ManchuThe Action Is GoJay Noel Yuenger
rowspan="7" | 1998Various artistsGodzilla: The AlbumFoo Fighters
Frank Black and the CatholicsFrank Black and the CatholicsFrank Black
Bruce Dickinson

|The Chemical Wedding

|Roy Z

rowspan="2"|Superdrag

|rowspan="2"|Head Trip in Every Key

|Jerry Finn

Superdrag
rowspan="2"|System of a Down

|rowspan="2"|System of a Down

|Rick Rubin

System of a Down
rowspan="2" | 1999Frank Black and the CatholicsPistoleroNick Vincent
Jimmy Eat WorldClarityMark Trombino
rowspan="2" | 2000A Perfect CircleMer de NomsBilly Howerdel
Queens of the Stone AgeRated RChris Goss
rowspan="6" | 2001Black Rebel Motorcycle ClubB.R.M.C.Black Rebel Motorcycle Club
Frank Black and the CatholicsDog in the SandNick Vincent
SlipknotIowaRoss Robinson
Treble ChargerWide Awake BoredMatt Hyde
Fu ManchuCalifornia CrossingMatt Hyde
Vanilla IceBi-PolarVanilla Ice
rowspan="5" | 2003Matchbook RomanceWest For WishingBrett Gurewitz
HotwireThe RoutineMatt Hyde
Kings of LeonYouth & Young ManhoodEthan Johns
Poison the WellYou Come Before YouPelle Henricsson
RancidIndestructibleBrett Gurewitz
rowspan="2" | 2004Ash (band)Meltdown (Ash album)Nick Raskulinecz
Bad ReligionThe Empire Strikes FirstBrett Gurewitz
rowspan="5" | 2005Queens of the Stone AgeLullabies to ParalyzeJoe Barresi
WolfmotherWolfmotherDave Sardy
Nine Inch NailsWith TeethTrent Reznor
MadrugadaThe Deep EndGeorge Drakoulias
Ry CooderChávez RavineRy Cooder
2006Zico ChainFoodJoe Barresi
2007Mavis StaplesWe'll Never Turn BackRy Cooder
rowspan="6" |2008

|rowspan="2"|Cold War Kids

|rowspan="2"|Loyalty to Loyalty

|Kevin Augunas

Cold War Kids
MetallicaDeath MagneticRick Rubin
Nine Inch NailsThe SlipTrent Reznor
rowspan="2"|Elvis Costello and the Imposters

|rowspan="2"|Momofuku

|Elvis Costello

Jason Lader
rowspan="4"|2009BigBangEdendaleGreg Richling
Kid RockBorn FreeRick Rubin
The HigherIt's Only NaturalMike Green
WolfmotherCosmic EggAlan Moulder
rowspan="5"|2010Josh GrobanIlluminationsRick Rubin
rowspan="2"|Death Cab for Cutie

|rowspan="2"|Codes and Keys

|Chris Walla

Death Cab for Cutie
TriggerfingerAll This Dancin' AroundGreg Gordon
Year Long DisasterBlack Magic; All Mysteries RevealedNick Raskulinecz
rowspan="8"|2011MastodonThe HunterMike Elizondo
rowspan="2"|Everclear

|rowspan="2"|Return to Santa Monica

|Nathaniel Kunkel

Art Alexakis
Arctic MonkeysSuck It and SeeJames Ford
HaloesLiving Like Kings In Confined SpacesGreg Richling
Noah and the WhaleLast Night on EarthNoah and the Whale
The Lonely ForestArrowsChris Walla
Monstro FloraBetween the Stars[https://web.archive.org/web/20230528155521/http://ww1.vidinfo.org/video/15044542/monstro-flora-between-the-stars-ep-release] Greg Richling
rowspan="4"| 2018Fall Out BoyMania
Death Cab for CutieThank You for TodayRich Costey
BoygeniusBoygenius|Boygenius
The Crystal MethodThe Trip HomeTiny E
rowspan="3"|2019Andrew BirdMy Finest Work YetPaul Butler
Big ThiefTwo HandsAndrew Sarlo
Perfume GeniusSet My Heart On Fire ImmediatelyBlake Mills
rowspan="3" | 2020Phoebe BridgersPunisher{{cite magazine|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/05/25/phoebe-bridgers-frank-anxious-music|title=Phoebe Bridgers's Frank, Anxious Music|first=Amanda|last=Petrusich|magazine=The New Yorker|date=May 17, 2020|access-date=May 19, 2020}}Tony Berg, Phoebe Bridgers and Ethan Gruska
Bob Dylan

|Rough and Rowdy Ways

|None listed

The Killers

|Imploding the Mirage{{Cite web |title=The Killers take new approach |url=https://www.columbian.com/news/2020/aug/27/the-killers-take-new-approach/ |access-date=2022-09-21 |website=The Columbian |language=en-US}}

|

2021

|Switchfoot

|Interrobang{{Cite web |title=Ryley Walker Finally Gets To Interview Switchfoot About New Album 'Interrobang': "I Want To Say For The Record That I'm A Huge Head" |url=https://www.grammy.com/news/ryley-walker-switchfoot-interrobang-new-album-interview-christian-singer-songwriter |access-date=2022-09-21 |website=www.grammy.com}}

|Tony Berg

rowspan="2" |2022

|Jack Johnson

|Meet the Moonlight{{Cite web |title=Meet the Moonlight |url=https://jackjohnsonmusic.com/ |access-date=2022-09-21 |website=Jack Johnson Music |language=en}}

|Blake Mills

Marcus Mumford

|(self-titled){{Cite web |date=2022-08-10 |title=The Secret at the Heart of Marcus Mumford's New Solo Album |url=https://www.gq.com/story/gq-hype-marcus-mumford |access-date=2022-09-21 |website=GQ |language=en-US}}

|Blake Mills

See also

References

{{Reflist}}