Southernmost settlements

The southernmost city in the world is mainly a slogan used for tourism purposes to attract visitors to a city as well as the tourists headed for Antarctica. Ciudad (city) is not a legal designation in Chile and Argentina, except for the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Currently, three places use this slogan: Ushuaia in Argentina as well as Punta Arenas and Puerto Williams{{cite web|url=http://edant.clarin.com/diario/1998/06/30/e-04801d.htm|title=Ushuaia ya no será la ciudad más austral del mundo|date=30 June 1998|publisher=|accessdate=1 November 2014}}{{Cite web |url=http://www.turismopaliaike.com/williams.htm |title=Puerto Williams: ubicada entre Tierra del Fuego por el norte y el Cabo de Hornos por el sur , por lo tanto es la cuidad mas Austral del país y del mundo |access-date=2012-06-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084244/http://www.turismopaliaike.com/williams.htm |archive-date=2016-03-04 |url-status=dead }}[http://www.infinito-sur.com/spanish/chile/chile.html http://www.infinito-sur.com/] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130422042924/http://www.infinito-sur.com/spanish/chile/chile.html |date=2013-04-22 }}, retrieved 9 April 2012[http://www.subpesca.cl/controls/neochannels/neo_ch1089/appinstances/media1278/Tercera_edici%C3%B3n.pdf Puerto Williams espera una gran temporada de centolla]{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, retrieved 9 April 2012[http://www.educarchile.cl/Portal.Base/Web/VerContenido.aspx?ID=194305 Escritorio Estudiantes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090228063546/http://www.educarchile.cl/Portal.Base/Web/VerContenido.aspx?ID=194305 |date=2009-02-28 }}, retrieved 9 April 2012[http://www.dibam.cl/dinamicas/DocAdjunto_1242.pdf dibam], retrieved 9 April 2012[https://web.archive.org/web/20110908210410/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/travel/destinations/latin_america/article5370077.ece Times Online]Website thisischile.cl [http://www.thisischile.cl/1116/2/249/puerto-williams,-the-southernmost-town-in-the-world/Article.aspx Puerto Williams, the southernmost town in the world] in Chile, with the last being the absolute southernmost town by latitude (see table below). There are several more settlements further south but none are considered to be large enough to be classified as a 'city'. The three contending cities are from north to south:

• Punta Arenas ({{coord|53|10|S|70|56|W}}, population: 123,403), literally in Spanish: "Sandy Point", is the oldest and largest city in Southern Patagonia, at the Strait of Magellan and the capital of the Magallanes and Antártica Chilena Region. It is the largest of the three contenders with around 130,000 permanent residents[http://www.ine.cl/ine/canales/chile_estadistico/demografia_y_vitales/censo2002/mapa_interactivo/mapa_interactivo.htm Interactive map, INE Census 2002, Chile. (Click on XII Region and then on Punta Arenas)] and it is called the southernmost city by some media outlets. The basis of its claim to be the southernmost city rests on it being larger than Ushuaia, Río Grande, and Puerto Williams, all of which are farther south.
• Ushuaia ({{coord|54|48|S|68|18|W}}, population: 82,615), the capital of the Argentine province of Tierra del Fuego, is more commonly regarded as the southernmost city in the world due to its sufficiently large population, its infrastructure, and its accepted classification as a city.[http://www.boston.com/travel/specials/cruises/articles/2008/09/21/to_the_end_of_the_world_in_magellans_wake/?page=3 Boston Globe 2008]{{cite encyclopedia

|title = Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

|encyclopedia = Encarta

|url = http://encarta.msn.com/media_461538660/Tierra_del_Fuego_Argentina.html

|access-date = 2008-09-11

|date =

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081206035648/http://encarta.msn.com/media_461538660/Tierra_del_Fuego_Argentina.html

|archive-date = 2008-12-06

|url-status = dead

}}{{cite encyclopedia

| title = Ushuaia

| encyclopedia = Britannica

| url = http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/620331/Ushuaia

| accessdate = 2009-05-23 }} Ushuaia is located in a wide bay on the southern coast of the island of Tierra del Fuego, on the northern shore of the Beagle Channel; hence, it is further north than Puerto Williams.

• Puerto Williams ({{coord|54|56|S|67|37|W}}, population: 1,868), located on Isla Navarino, is the southernmost town in the world on the southern shore of the Beagle Channel. It is the capital of the Antártica Chilena Province, one of four provinces located in the Magallanes and Antártica Chilena Region.{{cite web |author=WillySol |title=Puerto Williams - Chile |url=http://www.ptowilliams.cl/Puerto_Williams.html |accessdate=1 November 2014 |publisher=}} Puerto Williams is sometimes considered the southernmost city in the world by Chilean media and some large media international organisations,{{Cite web|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/el-mundo/una-localidad-chilena-le-roba-ushuaia-etiqueta-nid2252719|title = Una localidad chilena le roba a Ushuaia la etiqueta de ciudad más austral del mundo|date = 29 May 2019}}{{cite web |url=https://www.clarin.com/viajes/ushuaia-perdio-titulo-ciudad-austral-mundo_0_aYQmqaR4Q.html |title = Por qué Ushuaia perdió el título de "la ciudad más austral del mundo"|date = 30 May 2019}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/nacional/region-de-magallanes/2019/05/30/argentinos-admiten-derrota-reconocen-a-puerto-williams-como-la-ciudad-mas-austral-del-mundo.shtml|title=Argentinos admiten derrota: Reconocen a Puerto Williams como la ciudad más austral del mundo|date=30 May 2019}} although it promotes itself with the slogan Puerto Williams, the southernmost town in the world in its tourism campaigns. It has a Naval Hospital of Puerto Williams, the Martin Gusinde Anthropological Museum, the Guardiamarina Zañartu Airport and a university campus and it is a naval base of the Chilean Navy.

File:Ushuaia 2009.jpg|Ushuaia

File:Punta_Arenas_city_view.jpg|Punta Arenas city view

File:Micalvi yacht club navarino chile.jpg|Puerto Williams, Micalvi yacht club

{{Location map-line|lat=-45}}

This is a list of all settlements south of the 45th parallel south with over 1,000 permanent inhabitants.

This list of settlements excludes research stations in Antarctica and its surrounding islands.

• The former Argentine base Corbeta Uruguay (59°28′ S) in South Sandwich Islands was the southernmost settlement outside Antarctica from 1976–1982.

There are many research stations in Antarctica, both permanent and summer only. Many of the stations are staffed all year. McMurdo Station is the largest with an average population of 1200.

A total of 30 countries (as of October 2006), all signatory to the Antarctic Treaty, operate seasonal (summer) or year-round research stations on the continent and on its surrounding islands. In addition to these permanent stations, approximately 30 field camps are established each austral summer to support specific one off projects.[https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/1997/antpanel/4past.htm 4.0 Antarctica – Past and Present]

The full list is available at:

Research stations in Antarctica.

• Extreme points of Earth
• List of southernmost items
• Northernmost cities and towns
• Northernmost settlements

{{Reflist}}

Category:Extreme points of Earth

Category:Geography of the Southern Ocean

Category:Geography of Antarctica

Southernmost

• L. Ivanov and N. Ivanova. Southernmost city. In: [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364087925_The_World_of_Antarctica The World of Antarctica.] Generis Publishing, 2022. pp. 126-130. {{ISBN|979-8-88676-403-1}}