Sweden Solar System

{{Short description|Permanent scale model of the Solar System}}

{{Expand Swedish|topic=struct|Sweden Solar System|date=April 2022}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}

{{Location map+|Sweden|float=right|caption=The Sweden Solar System|places=

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=56.17 | long=14.85 |position=bottom|label=Swift-Tuttle}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=58.39 | long=13.85 |position=bottom|label=Halley}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=59.29 | long=18.08 |position=bottom|label={{nowrap|Earth, Eros, Saltis, Mars,}}
{{nowrap|Sun, Mercury, Venus}}}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=59.32 | long=18.07 |position=right|label=}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=59.35 | long=18.07 |position=right|label=}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=59.37 | long=18.05 |position=right|label=}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=59.39 | long=18.04 |position=right|label=}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=59.27 | long=18.30 |position=right|label=}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=59.40 | long=18.04 |position=right|label=}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=59.65 | long=17.92 |position=right|label=Jupiter}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=59.80 | long=17.77 |position=right|label=}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=59.86 | long=17.65 |position=right|label={{nowrap|Saturn and 5025 PL}}}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=60.41 | long=17.88 |position=right|label=Uranus}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=61.30 | long=17.08 |position=right|label=Neptune}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=61.80 | long=16.58 |position=right|label={{nowrap|Pluto and Charon}}}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=62.64 | long=17.94 |position=left|label=Ixion}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=63.83 | long=20.25 |position=left|label=Eris}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=65.62 | long=22.14 |position=left|label=Sedna}}

{{Location map~|Sweden|marksize=5|label_size=70| lat=67.84 | long=20.41 |position=right|label=Termination Shock}}

}}

The Sweden Solar System is the world's largest permanent scale model of the Solar System. The Sun is represented by the Avicii Arena in Stockholm, the largest hemispherical building in the world. The inner planets can also be found in Stockholm but the outer planets are situated northward in other cities along the Baltic Sea. The system was started by Nils Brenning, professor at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, and Gösta Gahm, professor at the Stockholm University.{{cite web | url=http://ttt.astro.su.se/swesolsyst/bakgrund.html | title=Sweden Solar System: Bakgrund | language=Swedish | publisher=Sweden Solar System | accessdate=15 September 2009}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.swedensolarsystem.se/en/contact/|title = Contact | Sweden Solar System}} The model represents the Solar System on the scale of 1:20 000 000, i.e. one metre represents 20,000 km.{{cite web | url=http://ttt.astro.su.se/swesolsyst/englishsum.html | title=Sweden Solar System: English summary | publisher=Sweden Solar System | accessdate=15 September 2009}}

The system

File:Ericsson_Globe_Stockholm.jpgThe bodies represented in this model include the Sun, the planets (and some of their moons), dwarf planets and many types of small bodies (comets, asteroids, trans-Neptunians, etc.), as well as some abstract concepts (like the Termination Shock zone). Because of the existence of many small bodies in the real Solar System, the model can always be further increased.

The Sun is represented by the Avicii Arena (Globen), Stockholm, which is the largest hemispherical building in the world, {{cvt|110|m}} in diameter. To respect the scale, the globe represents the Sun including its corona.{{Citation needed|reason=With the actual diameter of the Sun (not including its corona), the object representing Earth would have to be 11.8 km from Avicii Arena, not 7.6 km. But including the size of the corona as found in https://www.space.com/26381-sun-atmosphere-size-nasa-spacecraft.html, the object representing Earth would have to be less than 1 km away.|date=October 2024}}

=Inner planets=

File:Sweden Solar System - Mercury.jpg]]

  • Mercury ({{cvt|25|cm}} in diameter) is placed at Stockholm City Museum, {{cvt|2,900|m|mi}} from the Globe. The small metallic sphere was built by the artist Peter Varhelyi.
  • Venus ({{cvt|62|cm}} in diameter) is placed at Vetenskapens hus at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology, {{cvt|5,500|m|mi}} from the Globe. It was previously located at the Observatory Museum in Stockholm (now closed). A previous model, made by the United States artist Daniel Oberti, was inaugurated during a Venus transit on 8 June 2004 and placed at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology. It fell and shattered around 11 June 2011.
  • Earth ({{cvt|65|cm}} in diameter) is located at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, {{cvt|7,600|m|mi}} from the Globe. Satellite images of the Earth are exhibited beside the Globe. An elaborate model of the Moon ({{cvt|18|cm}} in diameter) is also on display, about 20 meters from the model of Earth.
  • Mars ({{cvt|35|cm}} in diameter) is located at Mörby centrum, a shopping centre and Stockholm metro station in Danderyd, a suburb of Stockholm. It is {{cvt|11.6|km|mi}} from the Globe. The model, made in copper by the Finnish artist Heikki Haapanen, is connected by an "umbilical cord" to a steel plate on the floor having an Earth image.{{Cite web|url=https://www.danderyd.se/404?404;https://www.danderyd.se:443/DanderydTemplates/Page____5486.aspx|title=404|publisher=Danderyd Municipality}} The globe also features marks that represent some typical Martian chemical elements.

=Gas giants=

  • Jupiter ({{cvt|7.3|m}} in diameter) is placed inside the Clarion Hotel located at Stockholm Arlanda Airport in Sigtuna Municipality, {{cvt|40|km}} from the Globe. Previously, it was made as a flower decoration, with different flowers representing different zones of the giant gas planet. Today, the planet is depicted as a ring light above a lobby.{{Cite web |last=Karlsson |first=Lars |title=Sweden Solar System – Jupiter ver. 2 |url=http://www.astrofriend.eu/astronomy/astronomy-articles/sweden-solar-system-jupiter-2019/sweden-solar-system-jupiter.html |access-date=25 March 2022 |website=astrofriend.eu |language=en}}
  • Saturn ({{cvt|6.1|m}} in diameter) is placed outside the old observatory of Anders Celsius, in the square Celsiustorget in the centre of Uppsala, {{cvt|73|km}} from the Globe. Inaugurated during the International Year of Astronomy,[http://space.irfu.se/Pressmeddelande_Mattan.pdf Press release], linked 8 June 2009. the model is a mat with a picture of Saturn, but will eventually grow to crown a school planetarium in the city. In addition, several schools in Uppsala are to provide moons of Saturn: the first completed was Enceladus (diameter {{cvt|2.5|cm|in|disp=or}}) at Kvarngärdesskolan.[http://www.popast.nu/2009/01/egna-manar-till-uppsalaskolor-hela-listan.html List] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100629201137/http://www.popast.nu/2009/01/egna-manar-till-uppsalaskolor-hela-listan.html |date=29 June 2010 }} of moons of Saturn assigned to schools in Uppsala (in Swedish). (Note: The model was taken down due to vandalism)
  • Uranus ({{cvt|2.6|m}} in diameter) was vandalized and the new model was reconstructed behind Stora magasinet in Lövstabruk in 2012. It is an outdoor model made of blue steel bars. The rotation axis of the planet is marked in red.{{Cite web|url = http://www.arbetarbladet.se/uppland/tierp/uranus-landade-i-lovsta|title = Uranus landade i Lövsta|date = 14 October 2012|access-date = 23 August 2016|archive-date = 17 February 2018|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180217082356/http://www.arbetarbladet.se/uppland/tierp/uranus-landade-i-lovsta|url-status = dead}}

File:Neptune_model_of_Sweden_solar_system.jpg]]

  • Neptune ({{cvt|2.5|m}} in diameter) is located by the river Söderhamnsån in Söderhamn, a coast town with tradition of fishing and sailing (which relates to Neptune being the deity of the seas). Placed {{cvt|229|km}} from the Globe, the model is made of acrylic and, at night, shines with a blue light.

=Trans-Neptunian objects=

  • Pluto ({{cvt|12|cm}} in diameter) and its largest moon Charon are placed near the southern of the Dellen lakes, in Delsbo, {{cvt|300|km}} from the Globe. The lakes are thought to be formed by a meteorite impact 90 million years ago. The two bodies' sculptures are supported by two gravelike pillars (as Pluto is the deity for death), made up with dellenite, a rare mineral formed at that place by the meteorite impact.
  • Haumea ({{cvt|8.5|cm}} in diameter) and its moons are depicted in the 2047 Science Centre, Borlänge, {{cvt|200|km}} from the Globe.
  • Quaoar ({{cvt|6|cm}} in diameter) is located in the library in Gislaved, {{cvt|340|km}} from the Globe.
  • Ixion ({{cvt|6.5|cm}} in diameter), a dwarf planet candidate, is located at Technichus, a science center in Härnösand, {{cvt|36|km}} from the Globe. The sculpture is an orb held by a hand with the arm. This plutino was discovered by a team which included scientists from Uppsala.
  • Makemake ({{cvt|7|cm}} in diameter) is located at Slottsskogsobservatoriet, an observatory in Gothenburg, {{cvt|400|km}} from the Globe.
  • 'Oumuamua ({{cvt|0.3|mm}} in diameter) is placed in the village of Plönninge, Halland, {{cvt|440|km}} from the Globe.
  • Gonggong ({{cvt|7.5|cm}} in diameter) is placed near the Tycho Brahe Observatory in Oxie, Malmö Municipality, {{cvt|500|km}} from the Globe.
  • Eris ({{cvt|13|cm}} in diameter) is located at Umeå Arts Campus, Umeå, {{cvt|518|km}} from the Globe. Made by Theresa Berg, the golden model is inspired by the mythical story of Eris sparking a quarrel between three Greek goddesses with a golden apple bearing the inscription καλλίστῃ (kallistē, "to the most beautiful one").
  • Sedna ({{cvt|10|cm}} in diameter), another dwarf planet candidate, is located at Teknikens Hus, a science center in Luleå, {{cvt|734|km}} from the Globe. This represents a distance of about {{cvt|15|E9km}}; Sedna has a highly elliptical orbit, its distance from the Sun varying between {{cvt|11|–|140|E9km}}.

=Other bodies=

File:Sweden_Solar_System_-_Sedna_2.JPG

List of objects

class="wikitable"
Object

!Distance from Globen{{cite web | url=http://ttt.astro.su.se/swesolsyst/stationer.html | title=Sweden Solar System: Stationer | language=Swedish | publisher=Sweden Solar System | accessdate=15 September 2009}}

!Diameter

!Location

!Coordinates

!Inauguration date

Sun{{n/a}}{{cvt|71 m (233 ft), the disk
110 m (361 ft), incl. the corona
Avicii Arena, Stockholm{{coord|59|17|36.80|N|18|04|59.65|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}19 February 1989
471926 Jörmungandr{{cvt|1.8|km}}0.05 mmIon Game Design office, Stockholm{{coord|59|18|34.7|N|18|04|21.9|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}23 September 2023{{Cite web|url=https://www.swedensolarsystem.se/asteroid-jormungandr/|title=Asteroid Jormungandr – Sweden Solar System|website=swedensolarsystem.se}}
Mercury{{cvt|2.99|km}}25 cm (9.8 in)Stockholm City Museum, Stockholm{{coord|59|19|10.8|N|18|04|16.8|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}1998
Venus{{cvt|6.76|km}}62 cm (24.4 in)Vetenskapens hus, Stockholm{{coord|59|21|10.38|N|18|03|30.78|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}8 June 2004
Earth and Moon{{cvt|8.58|km}}65 cm (25.6 in) and 18 cm (7.1 in)Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm{{coord|59|22|08.48|N|18|03|12.34|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}before 2000{{cite web |url=http://www.psych.illinois.edu/~wbrewer/solarmodel.html |title=Tours of Model Solar Systems |publisher=Psych.illinois.edu |accessdate=4 October 2013 |archive-date=24 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724064517/http://www.psych.illinois.edu/~wbrewer/solarmodel.html |url-status=dead }}
(433) Eros{{cvt|11|km}}2.0 mm × 0.7 mm × 0.7 mmMörbyskolan, Danderyd{{coord|59|23|38|N|18|02|41|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}14 February 2000
(36614) Saltis{{cvt|11|km}}< 1 mmKunskapsskolan, Saltsjöbaden{{coord|59|16|21|N|18|18|17|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}14 January 2010{{Cite web|url=http://www.nyteknik.se/nyheter/it_telekom/allmant/article705537.ece|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100623034707/http://www.nyteknik.se/nyheter/it_telekom/allmant/article705537.ece|url-status=dead|title=Ny Teknik: Saltis invigs i Saltis|archivedate=23 June 2010}}
Mars{{cvt|11.93|km}}35 cm (13.8 in)Mörby centrum, Danderyd{{coord|59|23|52.58|N|18|02|11.58|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}before 2000
4 Vesta{{cvt|16.4|km}}2.6 cmÅva gymnasium, Täby{{coord|59|26|24|N|18|03|47.16|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}6 September 2017{{Cite web|url=http://www2.taby.se/ava|title = Åva gymnasium}}
Jupiter{{cvt|40.6|km}}7.3 m (24 ft)Stockholm Arlanda Airport{{coord|59|38|58.52|N|17|55|50.38|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}before 2000
(306367) Nut (5025 PL){{cvt|60|km}}0.2 mmKnivsta{{coord|59|45|25|N|17|45|57|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}
Saturn{{cvt|67.9|km}}6.1 m (20 ft)Celsiustorget, Uppsala{{coord|59|51|34|N|17|38|14|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}2010 (only Titan)
Uranus{{cvt|124.8|km}}2.6 m (8.5 ft)Stora magasinet, Lövstabruk{{coord|60|24|31|N|17|52|37|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}13 October 2012{{Cite web|url=http://www.unt.se/uppland/tierp/uranus-invigdes-i-lovstabruk-1904483.aspx|title = Uranus invigdes i Lövstabruk – Upsala Nya Tidning|date = 13 October 2012}}
Haumea{{cvt|200|km}}10 cmBorlänge{{coord|60|29|18.1|N|15|25|51.5|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}
Halley's Comet{{cvt|204|km}}Four representations, not scale models.{{efn|Halley's Comet has a nucleus only 11 km in diameter, so if it were to scale, it would be only about half a millimetre ({{frac|50}} inch) in diameter. Its coma is up to 100,000 km in length, which would correspond to a "tail" of up to 5 metres.{{Cite web|url=https://www.space.com/19878-halleys-comet.html|title=Halley's Comet: Facts About the Most Famous Comet|author1=Elizabeth Howell|date=13 January 2022|website=Space.com}}{{Cite web|url=https://twistedsifter.com/2014/10/the-sweden-solar-system-scale-model/|title=In Sweden You'll Find the World's Largest Scale Model of the Solar System|date=8 October 2014}}}}Balthazar Science Center, Skövde{{coord|58|23|14|N|13|51|11|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}16 December 2009{{cite web|url=http://ttt.astro.su.se/swesolsyst/halley_sss.html |title=Sweden Solar System: Halleys komet |publisher=Ttt.astro.su.se |date=16 December 2009 |accessdate=4 October 2013}}
Neptune{{cvt|230.9|km}}2.5 m (8.2 ft)by the river Söderhamnsån, Söderhamn{{coord|61|18|07|N|17|03|19|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}29 October 1998{{Cite web|url=http://www.hjalm.org/Neptunus/index.htm|title=Neptunus i Söderhamn|website=hjalm.org}}
Pluto and Charon{{cvt|291.4|km}}12 cm (4.7 in) and 6 cm (2.4 in)by the lake Dellen South, Delsbo{{coord|61|47|50.13|N|16|32|59.96|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}before 2000
50000 Quaoar{{cvt|340|km}}6 cmGislaved Library, Gislaved{{coord|57|17|46.9|N|13|31|49.8|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}18 November 2017{{Cite web|url=https://www.swedensolarsystem.se/en/quaoar/|title=Quaoar – Sweden Solar System|website=swedensolarsystem.se}}
(28978) Ixion{{cvt|360|km}}6.5 cm (2.6 in)Technichus, Härnösand{{coord|62|37|49|N|17|56|12|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}18 April 2002{{cite web | url=http://www.technichus.se/system/visa.asp?HID=803&FID=782&HSID=13958 | title=Technichus' Exhibitions | publisher=Technichus home Page | access-date=10 May 2010 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100814020704/http://www.technichus.se/system/visa.asp?HID=803&FID=782&HSID=13958 | archive-date=14 August 2010 }}
174567 Varda{{cvt|370|km}}33 mm| Bohusläns museum, Uddevalla{{coord|58|20|57.4|N|11|55|44.0|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}4 September 2021{{Cite web|url=https://www.swedensolarsystem.se/varda/|title=varda – Sweden Solar System|website=swedensolarsystem.se}}
109P/Swift-Tuttle comet{{cvt|390|km}}< 1 cmKreativum, Karlshamn{{coord|56|11|39|N|14|51|09|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}
Makemake{{cvt|400|km}}7 cmSlottsskogsobservatoriet, Gothenburg{{coord|57|41|28.3|N| 11|56|36.4|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}23 September 2017{{Cite web|url=https://www.swedensolarsystem.se/en/makemake/|title=Makemake – Sweden Solar System|website=swedensolarsystem.se}}
ʻOumuamua{{cvt|440|km}}0.3 mmHalmstad Municipality{{coord|56|44|04.8|N|12|44|42.8|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}August 2018
225088 Gonggong{{cvt|400|km}}7.5 cmTycho Brahe-observatoriet, Oxie{{coord|55|32|33.9|N|13|05|04.0|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}23 September 2017{{Cite web|url=https://www.swedensolarsystem.se/en/gonggong/|title=Gonggong – Sweden Solar System|website=swedensolarsystem.se}}
(136199) Eris{{cvt|510|km}}13 cm (5.1 in)Umeå Arts Campus, Umeå{{coord|63|49|14.2|N|20|16|34.1|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}6 December 2007{{Cite web|url=http://www.umea.se/4.2aeb902411d30c9e46080003810.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929011153/http://www.umea.se/4.2aeb902411d30c9e46080003810.html|url-status=dead|title=Umeå kommun: Umeå får en egen himlakropp|archivedate=29 September 2011}}
(90377) Sedna{{cvt|810|km}}10 cm (3.9 in)Teknikens Hus, Luleå{{coord|65|36|59.50|N|22|08|06.00|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}8 December 2005{{cite web | url=http://www.kuriren.nu/arkiv/2005/11/17/Lokalt/1510647/Lule%C3%A5-%C3%A4r-Sedna.aspx | title=Luleå är Sedna. I alla fall om vår sol motsvaras av Globen i Stockholm. | publisher=Norrbotten Kuriren (in swedish) | access-date=10 May 2010 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100715074955/http://www.kuriren.nu/arkiv/2005/11/17/Lokalt/1510647/Lule%C3%A5-%C3%A4r-Sedna.aspx | archive-date=15 July 2010 }}
Termination shock{{cvt|950|km}}A plateInstitute of Space Physics, Kiruna{{coord|67|50|27|N|20|24|34.5|E|region:SE_type:landmark|display=inline}}

Gallery

File:Stockholm Globe Arena.jpg|The Avicii Arena represents the Sun. The rest of the Solar System is scattered in, and north of, Stockholm.

File:Sweden Solar System Mercury.jpg|Mercury in Stockholm

File:R-20220918-152511-PD6.jpg|Venus in Stockholm

File:Sweden Solar System - NewEarth.jpg|Earth in Stockholm

File:Sweden Solar System - NewMoon.jpg|Luna/Moon in Stockholm

File:Mars model of Sweden solar system.jpg|Mars in Stockholm

File:Sweden Solar System - Jupiter.jpg|Jupiter in Stockholm Arlanda Airport

File:Sweden Solar System - Titan.jpg|Titan in Uppsala

File:Sweden Solar System - Uranus.jpg|Uranus in Lövstabruk

File:Neptune model of Sweden solar system.jpg|Neptune in Söderhamn

File:Sweden Solar System - Pluto (closeup).jpg|Pluto in Delsbo

File:Bosse Falk Saltis.JPG|Saltis in Saltsjöbaden

File:Sculpture of asteroid Vesta.jpg|Asteroid Vesta in Täby

File:Sweden Solar System - Ixion.jpg|Ixion in Härnösand

File:Sweden Solar System - ʻOumuamua.jpg|ʻOumuamua in Halland

File:Sweden Solar System - Eris.jpg|Eris in Umeå

File:Sweden Solar System - Sedna 2.JPG|Sedna in Luleå

File:Entrance to Swedish Institute of Space Physics.JPG|The foundation for the sculpture of the Termination Shock in front of the Swedish Institute of Space Physics in Kiruna.

See also

{{Portal|Solar System}}

Notes

{{Notelist}}

References

{{Reflist}}