Talk:Trans woman/Definitions

This page is only for listing definitions of trans woman, transgender woman, and transsexual woman in reliable sources. All other definitions, or analyses by Wikipedia editors, belong elsewhere and will be removed if added.

The numbering within each section may be highly unstable. When discussing sources, prefer to reference them by name, or by copying the citation.

Academic publications

= "is a woman..." =

Academic sources which take the form "a trans woman is a woman who..." or "trans women are women who...".

"...a trans woman is a woman who was assigned the sex male at birth" (Cit: 57)
: {{Cite journal |last=Morgenroth |first=Thekla |last2=Ryan |first2=Michelle K. |date=May 6, 2020|title=The Effects of Gender Trouble: An Integrative Theoretical Framework of the Perpetuation and Disruption of the Gender/Sex Binary |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1745691620902442 |journal=Perspectives on Psychological Science |language=en |volume=16 |issue=6 |pages=1113–1142 |doi=10.1177/1745691620902442 |issn=1745-6916 |pmc=8564221 |pmid=32375012 |ref=none}}
"A woman who was assigned male at birth" (Cit: 45)
: {{cite journal|first1=Oscar E.|last1=Dimant|first2=Tiffany E.|last2=Cook|first3=Richard E.|last3=Greene|first4=Asa E.|last4=Radix|title=Experiences of Transgender and Gender Nonbinary Medical Students and Physicians|journal=Transgender Health|date=1 December 2019|issn=2688-4887|pages=209–216|volume=4|issue=1|pmid=31552292|pmc=6757240|doi=10.1089/trgh.2019.0021}}
"A transwoman is a woman who was assigned male at birth and identifies as a female" (Cit: 8)
: {{cite journal|first1=Khushbu|last1=Patel|first2=Martha E.|last2=Lyon|first3=Hung S.|last3=Luu|title=Providing Inclusive Care for Transgender Patients: Capturing Sex and Gender in the Electronic Medical Record|journal=The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine|date= January 2021|volume=6|issue=1|pages=210–218|doi=10.1093/jalm/jfaa214|url=https://academic.oup.com/jalm/article/6/1/210/6041066}}
"...while a transgender woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth." (Cit: 3)
: {{cite journal|first1=Lauren|last1=Easterling|first2=Jessica|last2=Byram|title=Shifting language for shifting anatomy: Using inclusive anatomical language to support transgender and nonbinary identities|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.24862|journal=The Anatomical Record|date=January 12, 2022|issn=1932-8486|pages=983–991|volume=305|issue=4|doi=10.1002/ar.24862}}
"A transgender (trans) woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth" (Cit: 62)
: {{cite journal|first1=R|last1=Joint|first2=Ze|last2=Chen|first3=S|last3=Cameron|title=Breast and reproductive cancers in the transgender population: a systematic review|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1471-0528.15258|journal=BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology|date=April 28, 2018|pages=1505–1512|volume=125|issue=12|doi=10.1111/1471-0528.15258}}
"A woman who was assigned male at birth." (Cit: 5)
: {{cite journal|first1=Jasper|last1=Kennedy|first2=Jordan D.|last2=Perchik|first3=Kristin K.|last3=Porter|title=Systematic Review of Transgender-Related Research in Radiology Over a Decade: There Is Work to Be Done|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546144020309625|journal=Journal of the American College of Radiology|date=1 January 2021|issn=1546-1440|pages=93–102|volume=18|issue=1, Part A|doi=10.1016/j.jacr.2020.09.019}}
"Specifically, a “transgender woman” is a woman who was assigned the biological aspects of a male at birth..." (Cit: 3)
: {{cite journal|last=Currie|first=Kelli Rodriguez|title=If You Build It," They/Them" Will Come: The Misgendering of Transgender Nonbinary Athletes Is Discrimination on the Basis of Sex.|journal=Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport|volume=31|date=2021|page=312|url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/jlas31&div=13&id=&page=}}
"With this definition in mind, a transgender woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth and who lives as a woman regardless of the intelligibility (or lack thereof) of their identity to cisgender individuals." (Cit: 1)
:{{cite book|first1=Haley Marie|last1=Brown|title=Denial: The Final Stage of Genocide|chapter=The forgotten murders: Gendercide in the twenty-first century and the destruction of the transgender body|publisher=Routledge|date=Sep 21, 2021|url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003010708-11/forgotten-murders-gendercide-twenty-first-century-destruction-transgender-body-haley-marie-brown|doi=10.4324/9781003010708-11|editor1-first=John|editor1-last=Cox|editor2-first=Amal|editor2-last=Khoury|editor3-first=Sarah|editor3-last=Minslow}}
"...a woman who was assigned a male anatomical sex at birth..." (Cit: 129)
: {{cite journal|first1=David B.|last1=Waisel|title=Vulnerable populations in healthcare|url=https://journals.lww.com/co-anesthesiology/Abstract/2013/04000/Vulnerable_populations_in_healthcare.15.aspx|journal=Current Opinion in Anesthesiology|date=April 2013|issn=0952-7907|pages=186–192|volume=26|issue=2|doi=10.1097/ACO.0b013e32835e8c17}}
"transgender woman (ie, a woman who was assigned male at birth)" (Cit: 118)
: Riggs, Damien W., Gavriel Y. Ansara, and Gareth J. Treharne. "An evidence‐based model for understanding the mental health experiences of transgender Australians." Australian Psychologist 50.1 (2015): 32-39.
"A trans women is a woman who was assigned male at birth" (Cit: 1)
: Sauerland, William. "Trans Singers Matter: Gender Inclusive Considerations for Choirs." Voiceprints 15.5 (2018): 95-105.
"... transgender woman (a woman who was assigned male sex at birth)" (Cit: 2)
: {{cite journal|first1=Adary|last1=Zhang|first2=Iman|last2=Berrahou|first3=Stephanie A.|last3=Leonard|first4=Elliott K.|last4=Main|title=Birth registration policies in the United States and their relevance to sexual and/or gender minority families: Identifying existing strengths and areas of improvement|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953621009655|journal=Social Science & Medicine|date=1 January 2022|issn=0277-9536|pages=114633|volume=293|doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114633|first5=Juno|last5=Obedin-Maliver}}
"...a trans woman (a woman who was assigned male at birth)" (Cit: 5)
: {{cite journal|first1=H.|last1=Laycock|first2=C. R.|last2=Bailey|title=The influence of first author sex on acceptance rates of submissions to Anaesthesia Cases|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/anae.14797|journal=Anaesthesia|date=August 2, 2019|issn=0003-2409|pages=1432–1438|volume=74|issue=11|doi=10.1111/anae.14797}}
"...a trans woman is a woman who was assigned a male sex at birth but identifies as female." (Cit: 8)
:{{cite book|first1=Kiran|last1=Pienaar|first2=Dean|last2=Murphy|first3=Kane|last3=Race|first4=Toby|last4=Lea|title=Sexualities and Intoxication: “To Be Intoxicated Is to Still Be Me, Just a Little Blurry”—Drugs, Enhancement and Transformation in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer Cultures|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35284-4_7|publisher=Springer International Publishing|date=26 January 2020|location=Cham|isbn=978-3-030-35284-4|pages=139–163|via=Springer Link|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-35284-4_7}}
"A trans-woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth." (Cit: 0)
:Izzi, Mabel, and Ophelia Umunna. "Critical Examination Of LGBT Rights In Nigeria." Juridica 7.3 (2011): 28.
"A woman who was assigned male at birth (may choose to transition from male to female)" (Cit: 0)
: {{cite journal|first1=Claire|last1=Hool|title=Ethics in Aesthetics: Navigating through the gender minefield|url=https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/abs/10.12968/joan.2019.8.8.370|journal=Journal of Aesthetic Nursing|date=2 October 2019|issn=2050-3717|pages=370–373|volume=8|issue=8|doi=10.12968/joan.2019.8.8.370}}
"For example, a woman who was assigned female at birth is a cisgender woman, while a woman assigned male at birth is a transgender woman." (Cit: 10)
: Sanders, Nathan, Pocholo Umbal, and Lex Konnelly. "Methods for increasing equity, diversity, and inclusion in linguistics pedagogy." Proceedings of the 2020 Meeting of the Canadian Linguistics Association. 2020.
"Broadly speaking, a trans woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth." (Cit: 15)
: {{cite journal|first1=Joshua|last1=Palkki|first2=William|last2=Sauerland|title=Considering Gender Complexity in Music Teacher Education|url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1057083718814582|journal=Journal of Music Teacher Education|date=December 12, 2018|issn=1057-0837|pages=72–84|volume=28|issue=3|doi=10.1177/1057083718814582}}
"...a trans woman is a woman who was assigned a male sex at birth and identifies as female." (Cit: 24)
: {{cite journal|first1=Kiran|last1=Pienaar|first2=Dean Anthony|last2=Murphy|first3=Kane|last3=Race|first4=Toby|last4=Lea|title=Drugs as technologies of the self: Enhancement and transformation in LGBTQ cultures|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955395920300141|journal=International Journal of Drug Policy|date=1 April 2020|issn=0955-3959|pages=102673|volume=78|doi=10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102673}}
"A transgender woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth..." (Cit: 0)
: Weppler, Brianna. "There’s No “Gender” in Team: Developing State Policies for the Inclusion of the Transgender Interscholastic Athlete." Touro Law Review 38.1 (2022).
"A trans woman, for example, is a woman who was assigned male at birth." (Cit: 9)
: Ashley, Florence. "Surgical informed consent and recognizing a perioperative duty to disclose in transgender health care." McGill JL & Health 13 (2019): 73.
"A trans woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth." (Cit: 4)
: Blincoe, Emily. "Sex markers on birth certificates: Replacing the medical model with self-identification." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 46.1 (2015): 57-83.
"For example, a transgender woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth..." (Cit: 106)
: {{cite book|first1=National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and|last1=Medicine|first2=Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and|last2=Education|first3=Committee on|last3=Population|first4=Committee on Understanding the Well-Being of Sexual and Gender Diverse|last4=Populations|title=Understanding the Well-Being of LGBTQI+ Populations|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IucREAAAQBAJ|publisher=National Academies Press|date=23 January 2021|isbn=978-0-309-68081-3|via=Google Books}}
"...trans woman means 'woman assigned to the male sex at birth.'" (Cit: 82)
:{{cite book|last=Bettcher|first=Talia Mae|chapter=Trans women and the meaning of ‘woman’|date=2013|editor-first1=Alan|editor-last1=Soble|title=The Philosophy of Sex: Contemporary Readings|url=https://philpapers.org/rec/SOBTPO-6|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|via=PhilPapers}}
"transgender woman (transfeminine, woman assigned male at birth)" (Cit: 1)
: Nuyen, Brian, et al. "The health burden of transfeminine facial gender dysphoria: an analysis of public perception." Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine 23.5 (2021): 350-356.
"trans women are women who were assigned male at birth"
: {{cite journal | last=Rashid | first=Abdul | last2=Afiqah | first2=Siti Nur | last3=Iguchi | first3=Yufu | title=Use of Hormones Among Trans Women in the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia: A Mixed Methods Study | journal=Transgender Health | publisher=Mary Ann Liebert Inc | volume=7 | issue=3 | date=2022-06-01 | issn=2688-4887 | doi=10.1089/trgh.2020.0119 | pages=242–249}}
"Broadly speaking, a trans woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth."
: {{cite book | last=Sauerland | first=William | title=Queering vocal pedagogy : a handbook for teaching trans and genderqueer singers and fostering gender-affirming spaces | publication-place=Lanham | date=2022 | isbn=978-1-5381-6666-6 | oclc=1290430966}}
"Transgender, or trans, means your gender identity does not align with the sex you were assigned at birth; for example, a trans woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth"
: {{cite book | last=Newton | first=David E. | title=Gender inequality : a reference handbook | publication-place=Santa Barbara, California | date=2019 | isbn=978-1-4408-7286-0 | oclc=1101568194|page=147}}
"trans women are women who were designated male at birth and identify as women"
: {{cite book | last=Kirby | first=Jane | title=Fired up about reproductive rights | publication-place=Toronto, Ontario Canada | date=2017 | isbn=978-1-77113-209-1 | oclc=965746720}}
"I maintain that trans women are ontologically real women and in discussing this claim I weigh up whether trans women should be allowed to stand for, or represent, women in the political fight for women’s rights."
: {{Cite journal |last=Summersell |first=Jason |date=2018-05-27 |title=Trans women are real women: a critical realist intersectional response to Pilgrim |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14767430.2018.1493884 |journal=Journal of Critical Realism |language=en |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=329–336 |doi=10.1080/14767430.2018.1493884 |issn=1476-7430}}
"Gender data should be self-identified, include nonbinary options, and recognize that trans women are women."
: {{Cite journal |last=Legg |first=Sonya |last2=Wang |first2=Caixia |last3=Kappel |first3=Ellen |last4=Thompson |first4=LuAnne |date=July 25, 2022 |title=Gender Equity in Oceanography (preprint)|url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-marine-032322-100357 |journal=Annual Review of Marine Science |language=en |volume=15 |issue=1 |doi=10.1146/annurev-marine-032322-100357 |issn=1941-1405|page=22 |access-date=Oct 16, 2022}}

= "is a [person/an individual/someone who]..." =

Academic sources which take the form "a trans woman is {{var|X}}" or "trans women are {{var|X}}", where {{var|X}} is a gender-neutral noun like "person", "individual", "someone", "adult", etc.

"A term to describe a person who was identified male at birth but who identifies and portrays her gender as female" (Cit: 37)
: {{Cite book |last=Eckstrand |first=Kristen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6dGbCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA463 |title=Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Healthcare: A Clinical Guide to Preventive, Primary, and Specialist Care |last2=Ehrenfeld |first2=Jesse M. |date=February 17, 2016 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-319-19752-4 |language=en|page=463 |ref=none}}
"A person assigned male at birth who identifies as a woman or in similar terms (eg, as a “trans woman” or “woman of transgender experience”)." (Cit: 784)
: {{Cite journal |last=Winter |first=Sam |last2=Diamond |first2=Milton |last3=Green |first3=Jamison |last4=Karasic |first4=Dan |last5=Reed |first5=Terry |last6=Whittle |first6=Stephen |last7=Wylie |first7=Kevan |date=July 23, 2016 |title=Transgender people: health at the margins of society |url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(16)00683-8/abstract |journal=The Lancet |language=English |volume=388 |issue=10042 |pages=390–400 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00683-8 |issn=0140-6736 |pmid=27323925 |ref=none}}
"A person with a female gender identity and male assigned sex would be referred to as a 'transgender girl/woman,' 'transfemale,' or MTF (male to female)"(Cit: 41)
: {{Cite journal |last=Rosenthal |first=Stephen M. |date=2016-12-31 |title=Transgender youth: current concepts |url=http://e-apem.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.6065/apem.2016.21.4.185 |journal=Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism |publisher=Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology |language=English |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=185–192 |doi=10.6065/apem.2016.21.4.185 |issn=2287-1012 |pmc=5290172 |pmid=28164070 |ref=none}}
"Transgender woman (also: trans woman, male-to female, transgender female): This refers to individuals assigned male at birth but who identify and live as women." (Cit: 1397)
: {{Cite journal |last=Hembree |first=Wylie C |last2=Cohen-Kettenis |first2=Peggy T |last3=Gooren |first3=Louis |last4=Hannema |first4=Sabine E |last5=Meyer |first5=Walter J |last6=Murad |first6=M Hassan |last7=Rosenthal |first7=Stephen M |last8=Safer |first8=Joshua D |last9=Tangpricha |first9=Vin |last10=T’Sjoen |first10=Guy G |date=2017-09-13 |title=Endocrine Treatment of Gender-Dysphoric/Gender-Incongruent Persons: An Endocrine Society* Clinical Practice Guideline |url=https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2017-01658 |journal=The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism |volume=102 |issue=11 |pages=3869–3903 |doi=10.1210/jc.2017-01658 |issn=0021-972X |ref=none}}
"Transwoman – A transgender person assigned male sex at birth but whose gender identity is that of a woman (also known as MTF or woman)" (Cit: 10)
: {{Cite journal |last=Johnson |first=Kevin |last2=Yarns |first2=Brandon C. |last3=Abrams |first3=Janet M. |last4=Calbridge |first4=Lilith A. |last5=Sewell |first5=Daniel D. |date=February 7, 2018 |title=Gay and Gray Session: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Transgender Aging |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1064748118302239 |journal=The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry |language=en |volume=26 |issue=7 |pages=719–738 |doi=10.1016/j.jagp.2018.01.208 |ref=none}}
"Under this umbrella, a trans woman is a person who identifies as a woman and was assigned male at birth, while a trans man is a person who identifies as a man and was assigned female at birth." (Cit: 1)
: {{Cite book |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-38345-9 |title=Sexual and Gender-Based Violence: A Complete Clinical Guide |date=2020 |publisher=Springer Nature |isbn=978-3-030-38344-2 |editor-last=Ades |editor-first=Veronica |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-38345-9 |ref=none}}
"trans women (people categorized as male at birth who later come to identify as women)" (Cit: 202)
:{{cite journal |last1=Jenkins |first1=Katharine |title=Amelioration and Inclusion: Gender Identity and the Concept of Woman |journal=Ethics |date=1 January 2016 |volume=126 |issue=2 |pages=394–421 |doi=10.1086/683535}}
"trans women (individuals assigned male at birth who identify and present as women)"
:{{Cite book |last=Aylward |first=Erin |title=The Oxford Handbook of Global LGBT and Sexual Diversity Politics|publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2020 |chapter=Intergovernmental Organizations and Nongovernmental Organizations: The Development of an International Approach to LGBT Issues|editor1=Michael J. Bosia |editor2=Sandra M. McEvoy |editor3=Momin Rahman|doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190673741.013.10|ISBN=9780190673772}}
"Trans women are people who are transitioning (or who have transitioned) from a masculine to a feminine subjectivity, who conceive of themselves as feminine subjects, and who call themselves trans women as a political statement."
: {{cite journal | last=Pérez-Bustos | first=Tania | title=Of Caring Practices in the Public Communication of Science: Seeing through Trans Women Scientists’ Experiences | journal=Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society | publisher=University of Chicago Press | volume=39 | issue=4 | year=2014 | issn=0097-9740 | doi=10.1086/675540 | pages=857–866}}
"Trans women are individuals who were assigned male at birth, but now identify as women. "
: {{cite journal | last=Ussher | first=Jane M. | last2=Hawkey | first2=Alexandra | last3=Perz | first3=Janette | last4=Liamputtong | first4=Pranee | last5=Sekar | first5=Jessica | last6=Marjadi | first6=Brahmaputra | last7=Schmied | first7=Virginia | last8=Dune | first8=Tinashe | last9=Brook | first9=Eloise | title=Crossing Boundaries and Fetishization: Experiences of Sexual Violence for Trans Women of Color | journal=Journal of Interpersonal Violence | publisher=SAGE Publications | volume=37 | issue=5-6 | date=2020-08-12 | issn=0886-2605 | doi=10.1177/0886260520949149 | pages=NP3552–NP3584}}
"Transgender females are people assigned male at birth, but who self-identify as female."
: {{cite journal | last=T’Sjoen | first=Guy | last2=Arcelus | first2=Jon | last3=Gooren | first3=Louis | last4=Klink | first4=Daniel T | last5=Tangpricha | first5=Vin | title=Endocrinology of Transgender Medicine | journal=Endocrine Reviews | publisher=The Endocrine Society | volume=40 | issue=1 | date=2018-10-10 | issn=0163-769X | doi=10.1210/er.2018-00011 | pages=97–117}}
"Trans women are people who were assigned a male sex at birth and identify and live as women"
: {{cite journal | last=White | first=Charles R. | last2=Jenkins | first2=Dusty D. | title=College students' acceptance of trans women and trans men in gendered spaces: The role of physical appearance | journal=Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services | publisher=Informa UK Limited | volume=29 | issue=1 | date=2017-01-02 | issn=1053-8720 | doi=10.1080/10538720.2016.1261749 | pages=41–67}}
"Trans women are individuals who were assigned male sex at birth and currently identify as women"
: {{cite journal | last=Wesson | first=Paul | last2=Vittinghoff | first2=Eric | last3=Turner | first3=Caitlin | last4=Arayasirikul | first4=Sean | last5=McFarland | first5=Willi | last6=Wilson | first6=Erin | title=Intercategorical and Intracategorical Experiences of Discrimination and HIV Prevalence Among Transgender Women in San Francisco, CA: A Quantitative Intersectionality Analysis | journal=American Journal of Public Health | publisher=American Public Health Association | volume=111 | issue=3 | year=2021 | issn=0090-0036 | doi=10.2105/ajph.2020.306055 | pages=446–456}}
"Transgender women or trans women are individuals who were assigned male at birth but who have gender identities as women."
: {{cite journal | last=Goldman | first=Mindy | last2=Butler‐Foster | first2=Terrie | last3=Lapierre | first3=Don | last4=O'Brien | first4=Sheila F. | last5=Devor | first5=Aaron | title=Trans people and blood donation | journal=Transfusion | publisher=Wiley | volume=60 | issue=5 | date=2020-04-28 | issn=0041-1132 | doi=10.1111/trf.15777 | pages=1084–1092}}
"Trans women are people who were identified at birth as male and were raised as boys, but the disjunction between their assigned sex and their identity lead them to decide to transition to live as women. "
: {{cite | last=Renzetti | first=Claire M. | last2=Campe | first2=Margaret | title=Feminist Praxis and Gender Violence | publisher=Wiley | date=2020-11-27 | doi=10.1002/9781119314967.ch23}}
"Trans women are individuals who were assigned male at birth but who identify as women"
: * {{cite journal | last=Vanaman | first=Matthew E. | last2=A. Chapman | first2=Hanah | title=Disgust and disgust-driven moral concerns predict support for restrictions on transgender bathroom access | journal=Politics and the Life Sciences | publisher=Cambridge University Press (CUP) | volume=39 | issue=2 | year=2020 | issn=0730-9384 | doi=10.1017/pls.2020.20 | pages=200–214}}
"Trans women are people who were assigned a male sex at birth, but identify as female. "
: * {{cite book | last=Erickson-Schroth | first=Laura | title=Neuroscience in the 21st Century | chapter=Psychological and Biological Influences on Gender Roles | publisher=Springer New York | publication-place=New York, NY | year=2015 | isbn=978-1-4614-6434-1 | doi=10.1007/978-1-4614-6434-1_159-1}}
"Transgender women are individuals who were assigned the male gender at birth and later come to identify and live as a woman or transgender female."
: {{cite journal | last=Koken | first=Juline A. | last2=Bimbi | first2=David S. | last3=Parsons | first3=Jeffrey T. | title=Experiences of familial acceptance–rejection among transwomen of color. | journal=Journal of Family Psychology | publisher=American Psychological Association (APA) | volume=23 | issue=6 | year=2009 | issn=1939-1293 | doi=10.1037/a0017198 | pages=853–860}}
"trans woman / A person usually assigned male at birth who has taken social, medical, or surgical steps to physically or socially feminize her gender expression or body. This term emphasizes chosen gender as opposed to assigned gender."
: {{Cite book |last=Wright |first=Shultz, Jackson |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/968248579 |title=Trans/portraits : voices from transgender communities |isbn=978-1-61168-823-8 |oclc=968248579 | date=2015 | page=200}}
"{{sc|Transgender women}} or {{sc|trans women}} or {{sc|women of trans experience}} are people who have gender identities as women and who were assigned male at birth. They may or may not have undergone any transition. MTF or Male-to-Female are older terms that are falling out of use."
: {{Cite journal |last=Coleman |first=E. |last2=Radix |first2=A. E. |last3=Bouman |first3=W. P. |last4=Brown |first4=G. R. |last5=de Vries |first5=A. L. C. |last6=Deutsch |first6=M. B. |last7=Ettner |first7=R. |last8=Fraser |first8=L. |last9=Goodman |first9=M. |last10=Green |first10=J. |last11=Hancock |first11=A. B. |last12=Johnson |first12=T. W. |last13=Karasic |first13=D. H. |last14=Knudson |first14=G. A. |last15=Leibowitz |first15=S. F. |date=2022-08-19 |title=Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/26895269.2022.2100644 |journal=International Journal of Transgender Health |language=en |volume=23 |issue=sup1 |doi=10.1080/26895269.2022.2100644 |issn=2689-5269| page=253}}
"transgender females (also called trans women) are individuals who self-identify as females but were assigned male gender at birth."
: {{cite journal | last=Milionis | first=Charalampos | last2=Ilias | first2=Ioannis | last3=Koukkou | first3=Eftychia | title=Progesterone in gender-affirming therapy of trans women | journal=World Journal of Biological Chemistry | publisher=Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. | volume=13 | issue=3 | date=2022-05-27 | issn=1949-8454 | doi=10.4331/wjbc.v13.i3.66 | pages=66–71}}
"Trans women are individuals who are assigned as males at birth but whose gender identity is female. They identify psychologically and emotionally as women"
: {{cite web | title=Trans women and aging: A qualitative study | website=ProQuest | url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/dd6f3e45acaa089dc52ca70c673709fe/1?cbl=18750&pq-origsite=gscholar&parentSessionId=s9yA8iWO9mUWZ5pQ%2B3n2z%2BipYXTHYoY5AoWiYCaHjdc%3D | ref={{sfnref | ProQuest}} | access-date=2022-10-12}}
"Transgender women, or trans women, are individuals who were assigned male sex at birth with the expectation they would have concordant gender identities (e.g., man) and masculine gender expression, yet have gender identities such as transgender woman or woman, and feminine gender expression"
:{{cite journal | last=Klemmer | first=Cary L. | last2=Arayasirikul | first2=Sean | last3=Raymond | first3=Henry F. | title=Transphobia-Based Violence, Depression, and Anxiety in Transgender Women: The Role of Body Satisfaction | journal=Journal of Interpersonal Violence | publisher=SAGE Publications | volume=36 | issue=5-6 | date=2018-03-11 | issn=0886-2605 | doi=10.1177/0886260518760015 | pages=2633–2655}}
"trans women are people who have been classed as men whilst having a female gender identity, and who often seek to change their social position so that they are classed as women."
:{{cite journal | last=Jenkins | first=Katharine | title=Toward an Account of Gender Identity | journal=Ergo, an Open Access Journal of Philosophy | publisher=University of Michigan Library | volume=5 | issue=20201214 | date=2018-09-06 | issn=2330-4014 | doi=10.3998/ergo.12405314.0005.027}}
" Trans women are people who claim social and legal recognition as women, or trans-women, or male-to-female (MtF)"
: {{cite journal | last=Dornelas | first=Rodrigo | last2=Guedes-Granzotti | first2=Raphaela Barroso | last3=Souza | first3=Alberto Silva | last4=Jesus | first4=Ane Keslly Batista de | last5=Silva | first5=Kelly da | title=Quality of life and voice: the vocal self-perception of transgender people| journal=Audiology - Communication Research | publisher=FapUNIFESP (SciELO) | volume=25 | year=2020 | issn=2317-6431 | doi=10.1590/2317-6431-2019-2196}}
"Trans women are people who were assigned a male sex at birth, but identify as female."
: {{cite book | last=Erickson-Schroth | first=Laura | title=Neuroscience in the 21st Century | chapter=Psychological and Biological Influences on Gender Roles | publisher=Springer New York | publication-place=New York, NY | year=2015 | isbn=978-1-4614-6434-1 | doi=10.1007/978-1-4614-6434-1_159-1}}
"Trans women are people who now identify as women."
: {{cite web | last=Arkles | first=Gabriel | title=The Role of Lawyers in Trans Liberation: Building a Transformative Movement for Social Change | website=Seattle University School of Law Digital Commons | date=2012-04-16 | url=https://digitalcommons.law.seattleu.edu/sjsj/vol8/iss2/7 | access-date=2022-10-12}}
"trans women are people who identify as female/woman or on the transfeminine spectrum but who were labelled male sex at birth"
: {{cite journal | last=Canoy | first=Nico | last2=Thapa | first2=Subash | last3=Hannes | first3=Karin | title=Transgender persons’ HIV care (dis)engagement: a qualitative evidence synthesis protocol from an ecological systems theory perspective | journal=BMJ Open | publisher=BMJ | volume=9 | issue=1 | year=2019 | issn=2044-6055 | doi=10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025475 | page=e025475}}
"trans women are people who remain as men at birth but identify themselves as female"
: {{cite journal | last=Siburian | first=Henry Kristian | last2=Hutabarat | first2=Sumiaty Adelina | title=Positive Legal Review and Social Construction of Transwomen/Transvestites Case Analysis in Medan | journal=LEGAL BRIEF | volume=10 | issue=2 | date=2021-05-30 | issn=2722-4643 | pages=341–349 | url=http://legal.isha.or.id/index.php/legal/article/view/88 | access-date=2022-10-12}}
"Trans women are people who now identify as women."
: {{cite journal | last=Gehi | first=Pooja S. | title=Gendered (in) Security: Migration and Criminalization in the Security State | journal=SSRN Electronic Journal | publisher=Elsevier BV | year=2012 | issn=1556-5068 | doi=10.2139/ssrn.2120847}}
"a transwoman is a person assigned male sex at birth but identifying as a woman"
: {{cite journal | last=Giraldi | first=A. | title=Mental health and gender dysphoria – why does it matter? | journal=Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica | publisher=Wiley | volume=141 | issue=6 | year=2020 | issn=0001-690X | doi=10.1111/acps.13182 | pages=483–485}}
"Transwoman: A person assigned male at birth who identifies as female"
: {{cite book | last=Erasmus | first=Jaco | title=Comprehensive Men's Mental Health | chapter=Gender Dysphoria in Men | publisher=Cambridge University Press | date=2021-03-11 | doi=10.1017/9781108646765.008}}
"A person assigned male at birth who identifies as a woman or in similar terms (eg, as a “trans woman” or “woman of transgender experience”) "
: {{cite book | last=Knudson | first=Gail | title=Gender Confirmation Surgery | chapter=Language and Terminology in Transgender Health | publisher=Springer International Publishing | publication-place=Cham | year=2020 | isbn=978-3-030-29092-4 | doi=10.1007/978-3-030-29093-1_4}}
" ‘Transgender women’, sometimes referred to as ‘male-to-female’ (or ‘MTF’) are individuals who were assigned male sex at birth, but who identify as women or as transgender women"
: {{cite journal | last=Sevelius | first=Jae | title=Transgender Issues in HIV | journal=HIV Specialist | date=2013-12-20 | url= https://prevention.ucsf.edu/sites/prevention.ucsf.edu/files/inline-files/Sevelius_HIV_Specialist_Dec13.pdf | access-date=2022-10-12}}
"Transgender person assigned male sex at birth but whose gender identity is that of a woman"
: {{cite book | last=Nasrulla | first=Insiya | title=Absolute Geriatric Psychiatry Review | chapter=Sexuality, Gender Dysphoria, and Paraphilic Disorders | publisher=Springer International Publishing | publication-place=Cham | year=2021 | isbn=978-3-030-58662-1 | doi=10.1007/978-3-030-58663-8_16}}
"a person assigned male at birth may identify and present as female (transwoman)"
:{{cite journal | last=Wilson | first=D | last2=Marais | first2=A | last3=Villiers | first3=de | last4=Addinall | first4=R | last5=Campbell | first5=M M | title=Transgender issues in South Africa, with particular reference to the Groote Schuur Hospital Transgender Unit | journal=SAMJ: South African Medical Journal | volume=104 | issue=6 | date=1990-01-06 | issn=0256-9574 | pages=448–449 | url=http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?pid=S0256-95742014000600030&script=sci_arttext&tlng=es | access-date=2022-10-12}}
"A person assigned male sex at birth, but who identifies with femininity to a greater extent than masculinity."
: {{cite journal | last=McPherson | first=Tristan D. | last2=Ramirez | first2=Enrique | last3=Ringness | first3=Madeline | last4=Ruestow | first4=Peter | last5=Marlow | first5=Mariel | last6=Fricchione | first6=Marielle J. | title=Mumps Cases Disproportionately Affecting Persons Living with HIV Infection and Men Who Have Sex with Men — Chicago, Illinois, 2018 | journal=MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report | publisher=Centers for Disease Control MMWR Office | volume=69 | issue=28 | date=2020-07-17 | issn=0149-2195 | doi=10.15585/mmwr.mm6928a3 | pages=909–912}}
"Trans woman (MTF): A person who was assigned male at birth (AMAB) but who lives as a woman or identifies as female. "
:{{cite journal | last=Shannon | first=Matthew | title=The labour market outcomes of transgender individuals | journal=Labour Economics | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=77 | year=2022 | issn=0927-5371 | doi=10.1016/j.labeco.2021.102006 | page=102006}}
"Transgender woman—someone who was assigned the male sex at birth but currently identifies as a woman (also known as male-to-female)."
: {{cite journal | last=Clifford | first=Theresa | title=Gender Diversity | journal=Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=33 | issue=2 | year=2018 | issn=1089-9472 | doi=10.1016/j.jopan.2018.01.002 | pages=232–234}}
"Transgender—Describes a person whose gender identity and sex assigned at birth do not correspond based on traditional expectations; for example, a person assigned female sex at birth who identifies as a man; or a person assigned male sex at birth who identifies as a woman. "
:{{cite journal | last=Flatt | first=Jason D | last2=Cicero | first2=Ethan C | last3=Kittle | first3=Krystal R | last4=Brennan-Ing | first4=Mark | title=Recommendations for Advancing Research With Sexual and Gender Minority Older Adults | journal=The Journals of Gerontology: Series B | publisher=Oxford University Press (OUP) | volume=77 | issue=1 | date=2021-07-03 | issn=1079-5014 | doi=10.1093/geronb/gbab127 | pages=1–9}}
"trans women (male sex assigned at birth, female gender identity)"
:{{cite journal | last=de Blok | first=Christel JM. | last2=Dijkman | first2=Benthe AM. | last3=Wiepjes | first3=Chantal M. | last4=Konings | first4=Inge RHM. | last5=Dreijerink | first5=Koen MA. | last6=Barbé | first6=Ellis | last7=den Heijer | first7=Martin | title=Frequency and outcomes of benign breast biopsies in trans women: A nationwide cohort study | journal=The Breast | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=57 | year=2021 | issn=0960-9776 | doi=10.1016/j.breast.2021.03.007 | pages=118–122}}
"A person assigned male at birth who identifies as a woman or in similar terms (eg, as a “trans woman” or “woman of transgender experience”)."
:{{cite book | last=Knudson | first=Gail | last2=Winter | first2=Sam | last3=Baral | first3=Stefan | last4=Reisner | first4=Sari | last5=Wylie | first5=Kevan | title=Comprehensive Care of the Transgender Patient | chapter=An Introduction to Gender Diversity | publisher=Elsevier | year=2020 | doi=10.1016/b978-0-323-49642-1.00001-6}}
"A trans-gender female is a person assigned male at birth who has a gender identity of a female"
:{{cite journal | last=Segev-Becker | first=Anat | last2=Israeli | first2=Galit | last3=Elkon-Tamir | first3=Erella | last4=Perl | first4=Liat | last5=Sekler | first5=Opal | last6=Amir | first6=Hadar | last7=Interator | first7=Hagar | last8=Dayan | first8=Sharon Cohen | last9=Chorna | first9=Efrat | last10=Weintrob | first10=Naomi | last11=Oren | first11=Asaf | title=Children and Adolescents with Gender Dysphoria in Israel: Increasing Referral and Fertility Preservation Rates | journal=Endocrine Practice | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=26 | issue=4 | year=2020 | issn=1530-891X | doi=10.4158/ep-2019-0418 | pages=423–428}}
"A trans woman is someone who was assigned male at birth – in other words, doctors put the letter “M” on her birth certificate – but now she identifies as a woman or female."
:{{cite journal | last=Lussenhop | first=Alexander | title=Beyond the Male/female Binary: Gender Equity and Inclusion in Evaluation Surveys | journal=Journal of Museum Education | publisher=Informa UK Limited | volume=43 | issue=3 | date=2018-07-03 | issn=1059-8650 | doi=10.1080/10598650.2018.1484201 | pages=194–207}}
"A trans woman is someone who was labeled male at birth but experiences herself as a woman"
:{{cite journal | last=Drake | first=Sunny | title=Transitioning the Theatre Industry | journal=Canadian Theatre Review | publisher=University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress) | volume=165 | year=2016 | issn=0315-0836 | doi=10.3138/ctr.165.011 | pages=55–59}}
"A trans woman is someone who was assigned male at birth but self-identifies as female and therefore transitions from male to female (MTF)."
:{{cite book | last=Henry | first=Declan | title=Trans voices : becoming who you are | publication-place=Philadelphia | date=2017 | isbn=978-1-78450-520-2 | oclc=968675324}}
"Analogously, individuals assigned male gender at birth with a female identity sometimes call themselves transgender women, trans women, or women."
:{{cite book | last=Hall | first=Kathryn S. K. | last2=Binik | first2=Yitzchak M. | title=Principles and practice of sex therapy | publication-place=New York, NY | date=2020 | isbn=978-1-4625-4343-4 | oclc=1157091018|page=425}}
"Individuals whose assigned sex at birth was male and who have changed, are changing, or wish to change their body and/or gender role to a more feminized body or gender role are often referred to as transgender women, transwomen, or trans women."
:{{cite book | last=Beto | first=Judith A. | title=NUTRITION COUNSELING AND EDUCATION SKILLS a practical guide. | publisher=JONES & BARTLETT LEARNING | publication-place=[S.l.] | date=2022 | isbn=978-1-284-23854-9 | oclc=1341840442|page=61}}
"Trans women are individuals assigned male at birth but who identify and live as women, commonly using the pronouns she, her or hers, and who may employ medical intervention to feminize their bodies"
:{{cite book | last=Armstrong | first=Heather L. | title=Encyclopedia of sex and sexuality : understanding biology, psychology, and culture | publication-place=Santa Barbara, California | date=2021 | isbn=978-1-61069-875-7 | oclc=1161996063|page=740}}
"Trans/transgender woman: Individuals assigned male at birth whose gender identity is female."
: {{cite book | last=McGoldrick | first=Monica | last2=Hardy | first2=Kenneth V. | title=Re-visioning family therapy : addressing diversity in clinical practice | publication-place=New York, NY | date=2019 | isbn=978-1-4625-3973-4 | oclc=1099790463|page=364}}
"transgender women (individuals assigned male who identify as female)"
:{{cite book | last=Alexy | first=Allison | last2=Cook | first2=Emma E. | title=Intimate Japan : ethnographies of closeness and conflict | publication-place=Honolulu | date=2019 | isbn=0-8248-7668-7 | oclc=1090813941|page=168}}
"Transgender woman (also: trans woman, male-to female, transgender female): This refers to individuals assigned male at birth but who identify and live as women."
: {{cite book | last=Sperling | first=M. | last2=Majzoub | first2=Joseph A. | last3=Menon | first3=Ram Kumar | last4=Stratakis | first4=Constantine A. | title=Sperling pediatric endocrinology | publication-place=Philadelphia, PA | date=2021 | isbn=978-0-323-62521-0 | oclc=1180970132|page=696}}
"Transsexual (TS) women are individuals assigned male genders at birth, but who transition to or assume female/woman/feminine gender identities and expressions in order to be congruent with their subconscious sex."
: {{cite book | last=Wright | first=Eric R. | last2=Carnes | first2=Neal | title=Understanding the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States : the role of syndemics in the production of health disparities | publication-place=Switzerland | date=2016 | isbn=3-319-34004-2 | oclc=955138315|page=101}}
"Trans women are people who were identified at birth as male and were raised as boys, but the disjunction between their assigned sex and their identity lead them to decide to transition to live as women."
: {{cite book | last=Naples | first=Nancy A. | title=Companion to feminist studies | publication-place=Hoboken, NJ | date=2021 | isbn=978-1-119-31495-0 | oclc=1159653855}}
"Transgender or trans women are persons who were given a sex assignment as male at birth, and in childhood or later they identified as female."
: {{cite book | last=Van Wormer | first=Katherine S. | last2=Bartollas | first2=Clemens | title=Women and the criminal justice system : gender, race, and class | publication-place=New York | date=2022 | isbn=978-1-032-00388-7 | oclc=1262668986}}
"a male-to- female [MTF] transsexual woman [Trans woman] is someone who was labelled male at birth but has a female gender identity, and therefore transitions to live completely and permanently as a woman"
: {{cite book | last=Bhatt | first=Mithilesh Narayan | title=Queer crimes & criminal justice | publication-place=Abingdon, Oxon | date=2022 | isbn=978-1-000-60176-3 | oclc=1303889882}}
"A trans woman is a person who identifies as a woman and who lives in a female role, but who was assigned male at birth."
: {{cite book | last=RICHARDS | first=CHRISTINA | title=TRANS AND SEXUALITY : an existentially-informed enquiry with implications for counselling ... psychology. | publisher=TAYLOR & FRANCIS | publication-place=[Place of publication not identified] | date=2019 | isbn=0-367-19718-9 | oclc=1083136545}}

= "is a male..." =

Academic sources which define trans women using "male" ("biological male", etc.) as a noun:

"a male-to-female (MTF) transsexual, i.e., a “trans woman,” is a genetic male consistent on all five biological definitions who identifies or thinks of herself as a female, and has “taken social, medical, or surgical steps to physically or socially feminize her gender expression or body” (Shultz 2015: 200–201).'" (Cit: 109)
: {{Cite book |last=Poston Jr. |first=Dudley L. |date=2019 |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1103562108 |title=Handbook of Population |publisher=Springer Science+Business Media |isbn=978-3-030-10910-3 |oclc=1103562108 |ref=none | page=24}}
"In contrast to Professor Sharpe, we maintain that transwomen are males who are trans, and transmen are females who are trans; transwomen are a subset of the male sex class and transmen are a subset of the female sex class."
: {{cite web | last=Asteriti | first=Alessandra | last2=Bull | first2=Rebecca | title=Gender Self-Declaration and Women’s Rights: How Self Identification Undermines Women’s Rights and Will Lead to an Increase in Harms: A Reply to Alex Sharpe, ‘Will Gender Self-Declaration Undermine Women’s Rights and Lead to an Increase in Harms?’ (2020) 83(3) MLR 539. | website=The Modern Law Review | date=2020-01-08 | url=https://www.modernlawreview.co.uk/asteriti-bull-sharpe/ | access-date=2022-10-08}}
"Transwoman is a male who feels she is a female inside This person feels like a female and is a biologically male person who identifies as a female. Transwoman feel they should correctly referred to as female."
: {{Cite book |last=Goldman |first=Linda |date=2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0SPcYpNhJ1gC&printsec=frontcover&dq=isbn:9780415958240&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8m6OM2Nb6AhUIUjABHePYCqoQ6AF6BAgHEAI#v=onepage&q=male%20who%20feels%20she%20is%20a%20female%20inside&f=false |title= Coming Out, Coming In Nurturing the Well-Being and Inclusion of Gay Youth in Mainstream Society |publisher=Routledge |isbn= 9780415958240 |page=27}}
"transwoman: Biological male who identifies as female."
: {{cite book | last=Berg | first=Wendie A. | last2=Leung | first2=Jessica W. T. | title=Diagnostic imaging. Breast | publication-place=Philadelphia, PA | date=2019 | isbn=978-0-323-54814-4 | oclc=1231987709|page=862}}

= Other / Unspecified =

Sources which do none of the above, either through active voice (as in "A trans woman identifies as..."), or an ambiguous demonstrative pronoun ("Trans women are those who..."):

"A transgender female or transwoman identifies her gender as female, but was biologically considered a male at birth." (Cit: 3)
: {{Cite book |last=Silton |first=Nava R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4CEUDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA153#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Family Dynamics and Romantic Relationships in a Changing Society |date=February 2, 2017 |publisher=IGI Global |isbn=978-1-5225-2405-2 |language=en|page=153 |ref=none}}
"Transgender women (TGW), sometimes referred to as transwomen or trans, self-identify their gender as female or other though they were assigned male at birth"
:{{cite journal | last=Aung | first=Ye Kyaw | last2=Thet | first2=May Me | last3=Gustafson | first3=Kiira | last4=Oo | first4=Sandar | last5=Paudel | first5=Mahesh | last6=Thein | first6=Si Thu | title=Identities and HIV-Related Risk Behaviors Among Transgender Women in Myanmar: Perspectives from Transgender Women and Service Providers | journal=Archives of Sexual Behavior | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=51 | issue=4 | date=2022-04-15 | issn=0004-0002 | doi=10.1007/s10508-021-02247-7 | pages=1967–1976}}
"Trans women are those who were assigned male at birth and identify as women or feminine"
: {{cite journal | last=Strübel | first=Jessica | last2=Sabik | first2=Natalie J. | last3=Tylka | first3=Tracy L. | title=Body image and depressive symptoms among transgender and cisgender adults: Examining a model integrating the tripartite influence model and objectification theory | journal=Body Image | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=35 | year=2020 | issn=1740-1445 | doi=10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.08.004 | pages=53–62}}
"Transgender women or trans women are those who now self-identify as women who were identified by others as male at birth."
: {{cite web | last=Arkles | first=Gabriel | title=Correcting Race and Gender: Prison Regulation of Social Hierarchy Through Dress | website=NYU Law Review | date=2018-08-07 | url=https://www.nyulawreview.org/issues/volume-87-number-4/correcting-race-and-gender-prison-regulation-of-social-hierarchy-through-dress/ | access-date=2022-10-12}}
"Trans women are those who were assigned male at birth on the basis of genital appearance but who later identify themselves as female."
: {{cite journal | last=Jones | first=Bethany Alice | last2=Haycraft | first2=Emma | last3=Murjan | first3=Sarah | last4=Arcelus | first4=Jon | title=Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in trans people: A systematic review of the literature | journal=International Review of Psychiatry | publisher=Informa UK Limited | volume=28 | issue=1 | date=2015-11-30 | issn=0954-0261 | doi=10.3109/09540261.2015.1089217 | pages=81–94}}
"Trans women are those who identify as women or primarily feminine, and trans men are those who identify as men or primarily masculine.
: {{cite report | title=TRANSforming JUSTICE – Summary Report One: Legal Problems Facing Trans People in Ontario | website=HALCO | date=2022-07-06 | url=https://www.halco.org/our-services/trans-legal-needs-assessment-ontario | ref={{sfnref | HALCO | 2022}} | access-date=2022-10-09}}
"a transgender woman was assigned male at birth but identifies as a woman."
: {{cite journal | last=Nazarian | first=Matthew | last2=Bluebond-Langner | first2=Rachel | last3=Smereka | first3=Paul | last4=Zhao | first4=Lee | last5=Ream | first5=Justin | last6=Hindman | first6=Nicole | title=Spectrum of imaging findings in gender-affirming genital surgery: Intraoperative photographs, normal post-operative anatomy, and common complications | journal=Clinical Imaging | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=69 | year=2021 | issn=0899-7071 | doi=10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.06.039 | pages=63–71}}

Schools/professional organizations

= "is a woman..." =

"A woman or girl assigned a male sex at birth."
: {{Cite web |title=Foundational Concepts and Affirming Terminology Related to Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Sex Development |url=https://lgbt.hms.harvard.edu/terminology |date=May 5, 2020|website=Harvard Medical School – Sexual and Gender Minority Health Equity Group|language=en}}
"A term for a woman who was assigned male at birth."
: {{Cite web |title=Terms and Definitions |url=https://cejce.berkeley.edu/centers/gender-equity-resource-center/resources/educational-resources/terms-and-definitions |access-date=2025-03-19 |website=UC Berkely Centers for Educational Justice & Community Engagement}}
"A transgender woman is a woman (lives as a woman, identifies as a woman) and was assigned male at birth."
: {{cite web|accessdate=2022-08-24|title=Trans 101|url=https://lgbtqia.ucdavis.edu/trans-101|date=6 February 2020|website=UC Davis LGBTQIA Resource Center}}
"Trans Woman – A woman who was assigned male (or intersex) at birth and identifies as a trans woman."
:{{cite web|accessdate=2022-08-24|title=Michigan State University, Gender and Sexuality Campus Center, Glossary|url=https://gscc.msu.edu/education/glossary.html|website=gscc.msu.edu}}
"Trans woman: A woman who was assigned male at birth."
: {{cite web|accessdate=2022-08-24|title=Penn State Student Affairs: Gender Diversity Terminology|url=https://studentaffairs.psu.edu/csgd/explore-lgbtq-resources/identity-based/gender-terms|website=studentaffairs.psu.edu}}
"A transgender woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth and has a female gender identity."
:{{cite web|accessdate=2022-08-24|title=10 Tips for Working with Transgender Patients from the Transgender Law Center|publisher=Wright State University|url=http://www.wright.edu/sites/www.wright.edu/files/page/attachments/10Tips85x11.pdf}}
"Trans Woman - A woman who was assigned male at birth. Signifies that she is a woman while still affirming her transgender history."
: {{cite web|accessdate=2022-08-24|url=https://www.muskingum.edu/sites/default/files/media/DAI/LGBTQ%20Glossary.pdf|title=Muskingum University LGBTQ+ Glossary|publisher=Muskingum University}}
"trans woman a woman who was assigned male at birth"
: {{cite web|accessdate=2022-08-24|title=Coming out as trans|url=https://www.bath.ac.uk/guides/coming-out-as-trans/|website=www.bath.ac.uk|publisher=University of Bath}}
"Transgender woman: Often shortened to Trans woman. A woman who was assigned male at birth. Some trans women may also use MTF (Male to Female) or M2F (Male to Female) to describe their identity."
: {{cite web|accessdate=2022-08-24|title=LGBTQIA+ GLOSSARY|url=https://rcsgd.sa.ucsb.edu/education/lgbtqia-glossary|website=rcsgd.sa.ucsb.edu|publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara}}
"Trans man or trans woman – noun : A transgender man who was assigned female at birth, or a woman who was assigned male at birth. Not all trans people adopt this identity label and prefer to refer to themselves simply as a “woman” or “man.”"
: {{cite web|accessdate=2022-08-24|title=LGBTQIA+ Terminology 101|url=https://www.nata.org/practice-patient-care/health-issues/cultural-competence/lgbtq-terminology|date=28 February 2018|website=NATA|publisher=National Athletic Trainers' Association}}
"Transgender Woman/Trans Woman: A woman who was assigned male sex at birth."
: {{cite web|accessdate=2022-08-24|url=https://studentdocs.ucr.edu/lgbt/guidelines_for_quality_care_of_trans_patients.pdf|title=Guidelines for Quality Care of Transgender Patients|publisher=University of California, Riverside, Student Health Services}}

= "is a [person/an individual/someone who]..." =

"MTF: Male-to-female transgender person. Sometimes known as a transgender woman. Someone assigned the male gender at birth who identifies on the female spectrum."
: {{Cite web |first=Linell|last=Smith|title=Glossary of Transgender Terms |url=https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/articles/glossary-of-terms-1 |website=Johns Hopkins Medicine|language=en|ref=none}}
"For example, the term 'trans woman' is used for an individual whose sex at birth was assigned male and whose gender identity is female."
: {{Cite web |title=What you need to know about being transgender |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/transgender-facts/art-20266812 |access-date=2022-08-09 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}
"MTF Individuals: Male-to-female transsexual people, transsexual women, or transwomen – individuals assigned male at birth who identify as female."
: {{Cite web |last=Beemyn |first=Genny |title=Transgender Terminology |url=https://hr.cornell.edu/sites/default/files/trans%20terms.pdf |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=Cornell University |ref=none|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220205101231/https://hr.cornell.edu/sites/default/files/trans%20terms.pdf|archive-date=2022-02-05}}
"A person whose sex assigned at birth was male, but who identifies as a woman (see MTF)."
: {{Cite journal |author=American Psychological Association |author-link=American Psychological Association |date=2015|title=Guidelines for psychological practice with transgender and gender nonconforming people. |url=https://www.apa.org/practice/guidelines/transgender.pdf |journal=American Psychologist |language=en |volume=70 |issue=9 |pages=832–864 |doi=10.1037/a0039906 |issn=1935-990X |ref=none}}
"a person assigned male identifying as a girl is a transgender woman"
:{{Cite web |title=Policy For Action 2/2019 – What It Means To Suffer In Silence: Challenges To Mental Health Access Among LGBT People |url=https://galencentre.org/2019/04/22/policy-for-action-2-2019-what-it-means-to-suffer-in-silence-challenges-to-mental-health-access-among-lgbt-people/ |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=Galen Centre |language=en-GB}}
"A male-to-female/MTF trans woman is someone who was labelled male at birth but has a female gender identity and transitions to live permanently as a woman."
: {{cite web | title=Policing Hate Crime against LGBTI persons: Training for a Professional Police Response | website=Council of Europe Publishing | url=https://edoc.coe.int/en/lgbt/7405-policing-hate-crime-against-lgbti-persons-training-for-a-professional-police-response.html | ref={{sfnref | Council of Europe Publishing}} | access-date=2022-10-14}}
"Conversely, people who were assigned male, but identify and live as female and alter or wish to alter their bodies through medical intervention to more closely resemble their gender identity are known as transsexual women or transwomen (also known as male-to-female or MTF)."
: {{Cite web |title=Transgender People, Gender Identity and Gender Expression|url=https://www.apa.org/topics/lgbtq/transgender |access-date=2022-10-16 |website=www.apa.org}}

Government agencies

= "is a woman..." =

"Trans woman: A woman who was assigned male at birth."
: {{Cite web |title=Gender glossary|url=https://smartsexresource.com/topics/gender-glossary |access-date=2022-08-09 |website=Smart Sex Resource|publisher=British Columbia Centre for Disease Control}}
"Transgender woman: a woman who was assigned male at birth."
: {{cite web |title=Gender Identity and Expression Procedure - PR-0212 |url=https://www.oregon.gov/EMPLOY/Agency/Documents/Gender-Identity-Expression-Procedure.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717022027/https://www.oregon.gov/EMPLOY/Agency/Documents/Gender-Identity-Expression-Procedure.pdf |archive-date=2023-07-17 |publisher=State of Oregon, Employment Department}}

= "is a [person/an individual/someone who]..." =

"A person assigned male at birth who identifes as female."
: {{Cite web |date=April 13, 2022 |title=HIV and Transgender People: Terminology |url=https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/glossary/?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/group/gender/transgender/terminology.html |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |language=en-us}}
"Transgender woman": "This category includes persons whose sex assigned at birth was reported as male and whose current gender was reported as female. It also includes persons whose current gender was indicated as transwoman."
: {{Cite web|website=Statistics Canada |date=November 2, 2021 |title=Classification of cisgender and transgender - TF - Transgender woman |url=https://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p3VD.pl?Function=getVD&TVD=469267&CVD=469269&CPV=TF&CST=25012018&CLV=2&MLV=2 |access-date=2022-08-09}}
"The term transgender woman typically is used to refer to someone who was assigned the male sex at birth but who identifies as a female."
: [https://www.ihs.gov/sites/eeo/themes/responsive2017/display_objects/documents/factsheets/EEO-FactSheet-Bathroom-Access-Rights-for-Transgender-Employees.pdf U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission: "Fact Sheet: Bathroom Access Rights for Transgender Employees under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964"]
: {{Cite web|publisher=U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission |url=https://www.ihs.gov/sites/eeo/themes/responsive2017/display_objects/documents/factsheets/EEO-FactSheet-Bathroom-Access-Rights-for-Transgender-Employees.pdf |title=Fact sheet: bathroom access rights for transgender employees under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. |oclc=1264228342}}
"We use 'trans woman' for someone who was registered male at birth and now identifies as a woman"
: {{Cite web |title=Sex, gender and sexuality|url=https://service-manual.nhs.uk/content/inclusive-content/sex-gender-and-sexuality |website=National Health Service Digital service manual |language=en|date=September 2021}}

= Other / Unspecified =

"a transgender woman may be assigned male at birth, but transition to living as a woman consistent with her gender identity"
: [https://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA3795.pdf US Department of Labor's Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)]
: {{Cite web |date=June 1, 2015 |title=A Guide to Restroom Access for Transgender Workers |url=https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/OSHA3795.pdf |website=Occupational Safety and Health Administration}}

Other organizations

= "is a woman..." =

"A woman whose assigned sex at birth was male, or sometimes intersex."
: {{Cite web |title=Glossary of Sexual Health Terms |url=https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/glossary |url-status=live |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250309010751/https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/glossary |archive-date=2025-03-09 |website=Planned Parenthood |language=en}}
"A trans woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth. Some trans women prefer to simply be referred to as women, whereas others feel being trans is an important part of their gender label."
: {{Cite web |date=May 2018 |title=Terminology Glossary |url=https://uploads-ssl.webflow.com/5f3c97a8bba3c916ae4c1402/5f912d4d81647a3632cb4876_TGD-Glossary.pdf |website=Transgender Victoria}}
"Trans woman refers to a woman who was assigned male at birth."
: {{Cite book |url=https://genderminorities.com/glossary-transgender/ |title=Trans 101 Glossary: transgender terms and how to use them |publisher=Gender Minorities Aotearoa |isbn=978-0-473-69891-1 |edition=6th |publication-date=2023 |page=08}}
"A trans woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth."
: {{Cite web |title=Gender identity for beginners: a guide to being a great trans ally |url=https://www.amnesty.org.uk/LGBTQ-equality/gender-identity-beginners-guide-trans-allies |date=March 31, 2020 |website=Amnesty International UK}}
"A woman who was assigned male at birth."
: {{Cite web |date=2019-08-15 |title=The A-Z Of Gender: A Few Definitions. What does it mean? |url=https://www.brook.org.uk/your-life/gender-a-few-definitions/ |access-date=2025-03-19 |website=Brook |language=en-GB}}
"Transgender woman: A term used to describe a woman who was assigned male at birth. This may be shortened to trans woman, or MTF, an abbreviation for male-to-female."
: {{Cite web |title=List of LGBTQ+ terms |url=https://www.stonewall.org.uk/resources/list-lgbtq-terms |access-date=2025-03-19 |website=Stonewall |language=en-GB}}
"A trans woman is someone who is a woman, or has a present experience of womanhood, and who was presumed to be male at birth. This can include trans women, trans feminine people, and more."
: {{Cite web |title=What is trans? |url=https://www.transhub.org.au/101/what-is-trans |access-date=2022-08-21 |website=TransHub |language=en-AU}}
"Transgender Woman: A woman who was assigned male at birth may use this term to describe herself. She may shorten it to trans woman. (Note: trans woman, not "transwoman.") Some may prefer to simply be called women, without any modifier. Use the term the person uses to describe their gender."
:{{cite web |title=GLAAD Media Reference Guide - Transgender Terms |url=https://www.glaad.org/reference/trans-terms |website=GLAAD |access-date=23 August 2022 |language=en |date=22 February 2022}}
"A transgender woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth"
: {{cite web|publisher=ACLU/ACLU Fund of Michigan|url=https://aclumich.org/sites/default/files/TransgenderGlossary.pdf|title=Key Definitions/Terminology}}
"trans woman: a woman who was assigned male at birth."
: {{cite news|title=From cisgender to 2-spirit, here's the LGBTQ vocabulary you need to know now|first=Sara|last=Fraser|work=CBC News|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-lgbtq-volcabulary-primer-1.6519253|access-date=24 August 2022|date=Jul 23, 2022}}
"A trans man is a man who was identified as female at birth, and a trans woman is a woman who was identified as male."
: {{Cite web |title=Transgender |url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/transgender |access-date=2025-03-20 |website=Psychology Today |language=en-US}}
"a woman who is trans, or a woman who was not assigned female at birth, but whose gender identity is female."
: {{Cite book |last=Yurinova |first=Nadya |url=https://www.tgeu.org/files/uploads/2023/11/TGEU-Trans-Media-Guide-EN.pdf |title=Trans Media Guide: A community-informed, inclusive guide for journalists, editors & content creators |publisher=TGEU |publication-date=September 2023 |page=37}}

= "is a [person/an individual/someone who]..." =

"A transgender person whose gender identity is girl/woman/female may use these terms to describe themselves. Some will use the term woman.
: {{Cite web|title=LGBTQIA+ Glossary of Terms for Health Care Team |url=https://www.lgbtqiahealtheducation.org/publication/lgbtqia-glossary-of-terms-for-health-care-teams/ |date=February 3, 2020 |website=Fenway Health – LGBTQIA+ Health Education Center|language=en-US}}
"Transgender Girl – Children assigned male at birth who identify themselves as girls"
: {{Cite|title=Supporting & Caring for Transgender Children |url=https://www.hrc.org/resources/supporting-caring-for-transgender-children |publisher=Human Rights Campaign |language=en-US|date=September 2016}}
"MtF: an abbreviation for male-to-female. It refers to a transgender person who was assigned male at birth, and whose gender identity is that of a woman. This person would also be known as a transwoman."
: {{Cite web |title=LGBTIQ2S Glossary of Terms |url=https://www.ohf.on.ca/media/n5ynhsqj/glossary_of_terms.pdf |website=Egale Canada Human Rights Trust}}
"Transgender woman/transwoman/transfeminine individual - Person with a feminine gender identity who was designated a male sex at birth"
: {{Cite web |first1=Michelle |last1=Forcier |first2=Johanna |last2=Olson-Kennedy |title=Gender development and clinical presentation of gender diversity in children and adolescents |website=UpToDate |url=https://www.uptodate.com/contents/gender-development-and-clinical-presentation-of-gender-diversity-in-children-and-adolescents |date=May 10, 2022 |ref=none}}
"MtF – A person who was assigned a male sex at birth and whose gender identity is girl/woman."
: {{Cite web |title=Language of Gender |url=https://static1.squarespace.com/static/63ebbd468a9d2d129d622b91/t/64db93a93f8fd737be18e581/1692111785914/The+Language+of+Gender.pdf |access-date=2025-04-09 |website=Gender Spectrum}}

= Other / Unspecified =

"A transgender woman lives as a woman today, but was thought to be male when she was born"
: {{Cite web |date=July 19, 2016|title=Frequently Asked Questions about Transgender People |url=https://transequality.org/issues/resources/frequently-asked-questions-about-transgender-people |website=National Center for Transgender Equality |language=en}}
"‘trans women’ are those born with male appearance but identifying as women."
: {{Cite web |title=Terminology |url=https://www.gires.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Terminology-Section-April-2018.pdf |date=2018 |website=GIRES – Gender Identity Research & Education Society}}
"Transgender Female or Transwoman: A transgender female or transwoman identifies her gender as female, but was biologically considered a male at birth."
: {{cite book | editor= Information Management Association| title=Gender and Diversity | publisher=IGI Global | year=2019 | isbn=978-1-5225-6912-1 | doi=10.4018/978-1-5225-6912-1 | ref={{sfnref | IGI Global | 2019}}}}

Dictionaries

= "is a woman..." =

"a transgender woman : a woman who was identified as male at birth"
: {{Cite Merriam-Webster|trans woman}}
"a transgender or transsexual woman"
: {{Cite Collins Dictionary|transwoman}}

= "is a [person/an individual/someone who]..." =

"A person whose birth sex was male but who lives and identifies as a woman; a transgender woman."
: {{Cite Lexico|trans woman}}
"an adult who was assigned male at birth but whose gender identity is female."
: {{Cite Dictionary.com|trans woman}}
"A transgender person who identifies as a woman."
: {{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|trans woman|date=2016}}
"transwoman, n. – A male-to-female transgender or transsexual person."
: {{Cite OED|term=transwoman|date=March 2022|short=yes |ref=none}}

Non-academic publications

"Trans women are women who were assigned male at birth and identify as women."
: {{Cite book |last=Kirby |first=Jane |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=plxZDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Fired+up+about+reproductive+rights&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi04bbig_HqAhUwhXIEHV7ACUgQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=Trans%20women%20are%20women&f=false |title=Fired Up about Reproductive Rights |date=February 26, 2018 |publisher=Between the Lines Books |isbn=978-1-77113-210-7 |language=en |ref=none}}
"those assigned male at birth but living as a woman may call themselves a 'transgender woman'"
: {{Cite news |date=June 3, 2015 |title=A guide to transgender terms |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-32979297 |access-date=2022-08-09}}
"Transgender describes someone whose gender identity is different from the sex they were assigned at birth (this can also be shortened to “trans”). For example, a transgender woman is someone who was listed as male at birth but whose gender identity is female."
: {{Cite news|date=2022-04-01 |title=A guide to the words we use in our gender coverage |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/2022/04/01/gender-identity-glossary/ |access-date=2022-08-09 |work=The Washington Post |language=en}}
"A trans man is a biological female who has transitioned to male; a trans woman is a biological male who has transitioned to female."
: {{cite book | last=Thompson | first=Tamara | title=Transgender people | publication-place=Farmington Hills, Mich. | date=2015 | isbn=978-0-7377-7191-6 | oclc=885224701|page=8}}