Tall ship#Class A

File:Kruzenshterns för.jpg]]

File:Portsmouthsunset.jpg in Portsmouth, part of the fleet of 167 naval, merchant and tall ships from 36 countries]]

Traditional rigging may include square rigs and gaff rigs, usually with separate topmasts and topsails. It is generally more complex than modern rigging, which utilizes newer materials such as aluminum and steel to construct taller, lightweight masts with fewer, more versatile sails. Most smaller, modern vessels use the Bermuda rig.

Author and master mariner Joseph Conrad (who spent 1874 to 1894 at sea in tall ships and was quite particular about naval terminology) used the term "tall ship" in his works;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KPy-DwAAQBAJ&q=%22Joseph+Conrad%22+%22Tall+ship%22&pg=PT3001|title=Selected works of Joseph Conrad|last=Conrad|first=Joseph|date=2019-11-20|publisher=Strelbytskyy Multimedia Publishing|language=en}} for example, in The Mirror of the Sea in 1906.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MdfPAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Joseph+Conrad%22+%22Tall+ship%22+%22The+Mirror+of+the+Sea%22&pg=PA56|title=The Mirror of the Sea|last=Conrad|first=Joseph|publisher=Harper & Brothers|year=1906|pages=56|isbn=9781774415207 }}

Henry David Thoreau also references the term "tall ship" in his first work, A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers, quoting "Down out at its mouth, the dark inky main blending with the blue above. Plum Island, its sand ridges scolloping along the horizon like the sea-serpent, and the distant outline broken by many a tall ship, leaning, still, against the sky." He does not cite this quotation, but the work was written in 1849.{{cite web|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/4232/pg4232.html|title=A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers|last=Thoreau|first=Henry David|website=www.gutenberg.org|access-date=9 May 2018}}

While Sail Training International (STI) has extended the definition of tall ship for the purpose of its races to embrace any sailing vessel with more than {{convert|30|ft|m|2|abbr=on|lk=}} waterline length and on which at least half the people on board are aged 15 to 25.{{Cite web|url=https://sailtraininginternational.org/sailtraining/definition-of-a-tall-ship/|title=Definition of a tall ship|website=Sail On Board|language=en|access-date=2020-01-21}}

File:RigFromAbove.jpg]]

File:GoingAloft.jpg

In the 21st century, "tall ship" is often used generically for large, classic, sailing vessels, but is also a technically defined term by Sail Training International for its purposes and STI helped popularize the term. The exact definitions have changed somewhat over time, and are subject to various technicalities, but by 2011 there were 4 classes (A, B, C, and D). There are only two size classes, A is over 40 m LOA, and B/C/D are 9.14 m to under 40 m LOA. The definitions have to do with rigging: class A is for square sail rigged ships, class B is for "traditionally rigged" ships, class C is for "modern rigged" vessels with no "spinnaker-like sails", and class D is the same as class C but carrying a spinnaker-like sail.

File:Sedov in TSR at Kotka July 2017 2.jpg, Finland, during the Tall Ships’ Races 2017]]

All square-rigged vessels (barque, barquentine, brig, brigantine or ship rigged) and all other vessels more than 40 metres length overall (LOA), regardless of rig. STI classifies its A Class as "all square-rigged vessels and all other vessels over {{convert|40|m|ft|0}} length overall (LOA)", in this case STI LOA excludes bowsprit and aft spar. STI defines LOA as "Length overall measured from the fore side of stem post

to aft side of stern post, counter or transom".

[http://www.sailtraininginternational.org/_uploads/documents/CaptainsPage/RuleOfRatingMeasurementForm.pdf STI Measurement form. ] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130131115611/http://www.sailtraininginternational.org/_uploads/documents/CaptainsPage/RuleOfRatingMeasurementForm.pdf |date=2013-01-31 }}

Traditionally rigged vessels (i.e. gaff rigged sloops, ketches, yawls and schooners) with an LOA of less than 40 metres and with a waterline length (LWL) of at least 9.14 metres, one good example is Spirit of Bermuda.

Modern rigged vessels (i.e. Bermudan rigged sloops, ketches, yawls and schooners) with an LOA of less than 40 metres and with a waterline length (LWL) of at least 9.14 metres not carrying spinnaker-like sails.

Modern rigged vessels (i.e. Bermudan-rigged sloops, ketches, yawls and schooners) with an LOA of less than 40 metres and with a waterline length (LWL) of at least 9.14 metres carrying spinnaker-like sails. There are also a variety of other rules and regulations for the crew, such as ages, and also for a rating rule. There are other sail festivals and races with their own standards, the STI is just one set of standards for their purposes.

An older definition of class "A" by the STI was "all square-rigged vessels over 120′ (36.6 m) length overall (LOA). Fore and aft rigged vessels of 160′ (48.8 m) (LOA) and over". By LOA they meant length excluding bowsprit and aft spar.{{cite web|url=http://www.kohkun.go.jp/tallship_e/tallship_list.html|title=National Institute for Sea Training (NIST)|website=kohkun.go.jp|access-date=9 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100127162324/http://www.kohkun.go.jp/tallship_e/tallship_list.html|archive-date=27 January 2010}}

Class "B" was "all fore and aft rigged vessels between 100 and 160 feet in length, and all square rigged vessels under 120′ (36.6 m) (LOA)".

See also a list of class "A" ships with lengths including bowsprit.{{cite web|url=http://www.kohkun.go.jp/tallship_e/list/tallship_list_a_e.html|title=National Institute for Sea Training (NIST)|website=kohkun.go.jp|access-date=9 May 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081020020630/http://www.kohkun.go.jp/tallship_e/list/tallship_list_a_e.html|archive-date=20 October 2008}}

Tall ships are sometimes lost, such as by a storm at sea. Some examples of lost tall ships include:

• Asgard II, an Irish national sail training ship, commissioned in 1982, was lost in 2008 off the French coast. The two-masted brigantine is thought to have collided with a submerged object.
• Astrid ran aground in 2013 off Ireland, and then broke up in 2014 after being salvaged
• Bounty, a full-rig ship lost off the North Carolina coast as Hurricane Sandy approached in 2012.
• Concordia, a triple-mast barquentine built in 1992 and operated by Canada as a school ship; lost at sea in 2010, in a squall.
• Endeavour II, built in 1968; wrecked in a 1971 gale off New Zealand
• Fantome, a former yacht built in 1927, then operated as a cruise ship. Was lost in Hurricane Mitch in 1998.{{cite news |last1=Corzo |first1=Cynthia |last2=Morgan |first2=Curtis |last3=Herald |first3=John Barry |date=8 November 1998 |title=The loss of the Windjammer Schooner, Fantome |url=http://www.fortogden.com/fantommiamiherald.html |work=Miami Herald |access-date=9 May 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131026133449/http://www.fortogden.com/fantommiamiherald.html |archive-date=26 October 2013 |via=FortOgden}}
• Lennie, built in 1871, ran aground on Digby Neck in 1889.{{cite web|title=Lennie - 1889|url=https://novascotia.ca/museum/wrecks/wrecks/shipwrecks.asp?ID=2773|publisher=Marine Heritage Database|date=2007-10-05|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025022052/https://novascotia.ca/museum/wrecks/wrecks/shipwrecks.asp?ID=2773|archive-date=2017-10-25}}[http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?34993 Lennie (+1889)] Wrecksite
• Marques, built in 1917; was lost in a 1984 Tall Ships Race.

File:Alexander von Humboldt ship all sails.jpg|Alexander von Humboldt

File:AmerigoVespucci.JPG|Amerigo Vespucci

File:Belem(02).jpg|Belem

File:Bounty Greenock.jpg|Bounty (1960 ship)

File:CisneBranco07.jpg|Cisne Branco

File:Tall ship Christian Radich under sail.jpg|Christian Radich

File:US Navy 101021-N-7642M-317 USS Constitution returns to her pier after an underway to celebrate her 213th launching day anniversary.jpg|USS Constitution

File:UAM Creoula 20071106.jpg|UAM Creoula

File:Cuauhtemoc 001.jpg|ARM Cuauhtémoc (BE01)

File:Denmark frigate SLV Green.jpg|Danmark

File:Dar Mlodziezy2007.jpg|Dar Młodzieży

File:Dewaruci.jpg|Dewaruci

File:USCG Eagle.jpg|USCGC Eagle

File:040731_061_earl.jpg|Earl of Pembroke

File:Eendracht II.JPG|Eendracht

File:Elissa-ship.jpg|Elissa

File:'Europa' in Belfast Lough - Tall Ships Belfast 2009 - geograph.org.uk - 1446281.jpg|Europa

File:ARC Gloria by Will White.png|Gloria

File:Gorch-Fock-190806-1.jpg|Gorch Fock (I)

File:Gorch-Fock 2 HFX 2007.jpg|Gorch Fock (II)

File:Segelschulschiff Greif Hanse Sail 2008 (dark1).jpg|Greif (brigantine)

File:Juan Sebastián Elcano DN-SC-92-00851.jpg|Juan Sebastián Elcano

File:Tallship in Toronto Harbour.jpeg|Kajama

File:Bristol hf04 tallships in harbour 03.jpg|Kaskelot

File:Kaiwo Maru II in yokohama japan.jpg|Kaiwo Maru II

File:Kaliakra1.jpg|Kaliakra

File:Khersones Kieler Woche 2005.jpg|Khersones

File:Крузенштерн 10.JPG|Kruzenshtern

File:LeeuwinII.jpg|Leeuwin II

File:Libertad_2.jpg|ARA Libertad

Image:Ml-full-sail.jpg|Maple Leaf

File:Mercator op zee.jpg|Mercator

File:TallShipsRace 2003-Turku-fin Mir1.jpg|Mir

File:Tall ships antwerp 2010 Morgenster.jpg|Morgenster

File:Peacemaker.jpg|Peacemaker

File:PictonCastle-AnchoredOffCarriacou-March14-09.jpg|Picton Castle

File:Pogoria 2008-08-30.jpg|Pogoria

File:PrinceWilliamAlongsideInFredrikstad.jpg|Rah Naward

FIle:Roald Amundsen front view.jpg|Roald Amundsen

File:RoyalAlbatross.jpg|Royal Albatross

File:Royal-clipper.jpg|Royal Clipper

File:N.R.P. Sagres, navio-escola. Forças Armadas Marinha Portuguesa.jpg|N.R.P. Sagres

File:Amsterdam Sail 2010 0819 Sedov 01.jpg|STS Sedov

File:Rnov shabab oman under sails.jpg|Shabab Oman

File:Simon Bolivar (ship) 4.jpg|Simón Bolívar

File:Sørlandet in Oslo 7jun2005.jpg|Sørlandet

File:Stad Amsterdam 2009c.jpg|Stad Amsterdam

File:Statsraad Lehmkuhl and Lord Nelson.jpg|Statsraad Lehmkuhl

File:StavrosNiarchosFullSailBrigMatchRace2003.JPG|Stavros S Niarchos

File:INS Sudarshini.jpg|INS Sudarshini

File:HMS-Surprise-overall.jpg|HMS Surprise

File:Tarangini.jpg|INS Tarangini

File:B.A.P. Union..jpg|BAP Unión

File:Young Endeavour at FBE.jpg|STS Young Endeavour

• American Sail Training Association
• Cutty Sark Tall Ships' Race
• Iron-hulled sailing ship
• Jubilee Sailing Trust
• List of large sailing vessels
• Operation Sail
• Sail training
• SAIL Amsterdam
• Tall Ships Challenge
• Tall Ship Chronicles
• Tall Ships Youth Trust
• The Tall Ships' Races
• Windjammer

{{reflist}}

• American Sail Training Association; Sail Tall Ships! (American Sail Training Association; 16th edition, 2005 {{ISBN|0-9636483-9-X}})
• Thad Koza; Tall Ships: A Fleet for the 21st Century (Tide-Mark Press; 3rd edition, 2002; {{ISBN|1-55949-739-4}})

{{commons category|Tall ships}}

• [http://sailtraining.org American Sail Training Association]
• [http://anotherworldadventures.com/adventure-type/interests/all-sailing-trips/ Another World Adventures]

{{Sailing Vessels and Rigs}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tall Ship}}

Category:Lists of sailing ships

Category:Sailing rigs and rigging

Category:Ship types

pl:Żaglowiec