Taymyr Peninsula

The Taymyr Peninsula lies between the Yenisei Gulf of the Kara Sea and the Khatanga Gulf of the Laptev Sea.

Lake Taymyr and the Byrranga Mountains are located within the vast Taymyr Peninsula.

Cape Chelyuskin, the northernmost point of the Eurasian continent, is located at the northern end of the Taymyr Peninsula.

There are several theories about the origin of the name "Taimyr." The most widely accepted explanation is that it comes from the Evenki language, originating from the ancient Tungus word "tamura", which means "valuable, precious, rich." The Evenki people originally used this name for the Taimyr River, known for its abundance of fish. In the 19th century, thanks to the geographer and explorer Alexander von Middendorff (1815–1894), the name came to refer to the entire peninsula.

Other interpretations exist as well. For example, in Yakut, "tuoy muora" translates to "salt lake," which can also be understood metaphorically as "fertile" or "blessed," since salt is vital for the health of reindeer. Another Yakut version, "Tymyr," means "blood vessel."

In the Nenets language, "tai myarey" means "bald" or "bare," possibly in reference to the region’s low-growing tundra.

In the Nganasan language, "taa mire" translates to "reindeer paths."

File:Nenets people near Dudinka (Ru200008050079).jpg of Taymyr]]

The Nenets people, also known as Samoyeds, are an indigenous people in northern arctic Russia, and some live at the Taymyr Peninsula.

The Nganasan people are an indigenous Samoyedic people inhabiting central Siberia, including the Taymyr Peninsula. In the Russian Federation, they are recognized as being one of the Small-Numbered peoples of the Russian North. They reside primarily in the settlements of Ust-Avam, Volachanka, and Novaya in the Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai, with smaller populations residing in the towns of Dudinka and Norilsk as well.Ziker{{Full citation needed|date=September 2018}} The isolated location of the Nganasan people enabled them to maintain shamanistic practices even in the 20th century.Hoppál 2005

MMC Norilsk Nickel conducts mining operations in the area. The company conducts smelting operations in the area of the city of Norilsk, near the peninsula. The nickel ore concentrate and other products of the company are transported over a short railroad to the port city of Dudinka on the Yenisei River, and from there by boat to Murmansk and other ports.

File:Kap Tscheljuskin 1 2012-08-05.jpg|Cape Chelyuskin, northernmost point of Afro-Eurasian mainland; 77°43'22" N, 104°15'13" E

File:Tundra in Siberia.jpg|Taymyr landscape

File:Ovibos moschatus qtl3.jpg|Muskox, an Arctic mammal of the family Bovidae, successfully reintroduced to the Taymyr Peninsula region in 1975

The peninsula is the site of the last known naturally occurring muskox outside of North America, which died out about 2,000 years ago.{{cite web |url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/10/051006085912.htm |author=BioMed Central |title=Muskox Suffered Loss Of Genetic Diversity At Pleistocene/Holocene Transition |date=6 October 2005 |via=Science Daily}} They were successfully reintroduced in 1975.{{cite web |url=http://www.safariclubfoundation.org/humanitarian/sensory/recordbook/dsp_AnimalDetail.cfm?Detail=BOVIDS |publisher=Safari Club International |website=Bovids |title=Greenland Muskox |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927183716/http://www.safariclubfoundation.org/humanitarian/sensory/recordbook/dsp_AnimalDetail.cfm?Detail=BOVIDS |archive-date=2007-09-27 }} The population grew to 2,500 in 2002, increasing to 6,500 in 2010.{{cite web |url=http://www.lhnet.org/reintroduction-of-musk-ox-in-the-northern-russia/ |publisher=Large Herbivore Network |title=Reintroduction of Musk Ox in the Northern Russia |author=Dr. Taras Sipko |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905102942/http://www.lhnet.org/reintroduction-of-musk-ox-in-the-northern-russia/ |archive-date=2015-09-05 }}

Study in 2021 found that based on eDNA, woolly mammoths survived on the Taymyr Peninsula until 3,900 to 4,100 years ago, roughly concurrent with the Wrangel population. The Taymyr Peninsula, with its drier habitat, may have served as a refugium for the mammoth steppe, supporting mammoths and other widespread Ice Age mammals such as wild horses (Equus sp.).{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Y |last2=Pedersen |first2=M.W. |last3=Alsos |first3=I.g. |display-authors=etal |date=2021 |title=Late Quaternary dynamics of Arctic biota from ancient environmental genomics. |url=https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04016-x |journal=Nature |volume=600 |issue=7887 |pages=86–92 |bibcode=2021Natur.600...86W |doi=10.1038/s41586-021-04016-x |pmc=8636272 |pmid=34671161}}

The coasts of the Taymyr Peninsula are frozen most of the year, between September and June on average. The summer season is short, especially on the shores of the Laptev Sea in the northeast. The climate in the north and exterior of the peninsula is Tundra Climate (ET), while some areas further-south have a very cold but somewhat more continental subarctic climate, with winters even slightly colder than the tundra directly to the north, but with somewhat warmer summers that can support some tree growth. Winters are harsh, with frequent blizzards and extremely low temperatures. The following data for Cape Chelyuskin provides an indication of the weather experienced in the northern part of the peninsula.

{{Weather box

|metric first=yes

|single line=yes

|location=Cape Chelyuskin

|Jan high C=-26

|Feb high C=-26

|Mar high C=-24

|Apr high C=-16

|May high C=-8

|Jun high C=1

|Jul high C=5

|Aug high C=4

|Sep high C=0

|Oct high C=-10

|Nov high C=-19

|Dec high C=-22

|year high C=

|Jan low C=-33

|Feb low C=-33

|Mar low C=-33

|Apr low C=-26

|May low C=-15

|Jun low C=-5

|Jul low C=-3

|Aug low C=-3

|Sep low C=-5

|Oct low C=-16

|Nov low C=-26

|Dec low C=-30

|year low C=

|Jan precipitation mm=8

|Feb precipitation mm=9

|Mar precipitation mm=9

|Apr precipitation mm=8

|May precipitation mm=9

|Jun precipitation mm=18

|Jul precipitation mm=21

|Aug precipitation mm=22

|Sep precipitation mm=22

|Oct precipitation mm=15

|Nov precipitation mm=9

|Dec precipitation mm=11

|year precipitation mm=201

|Jan precipitation days=15

|Feb precipitation days=15

|Mar precipitation days=14

|Apr precipitation days=12

|May precipitation days=11

|Jun precipitation days=12

|Jul precipitation days=11

|Aug precipitation days=12

|Sep precipitation days=15

|Oct precipitation days=16

|Nov precipitation days=13

|Dec precipitation days=16

|year precipitation days=162

|Jan sun=0

|Feb sun= 0

|Mar sun=124

|Apr sun=270

|May sun=217

|Jun sun=150

|Jul sun=186

|Aug sun=124

|Sep sun=62

|Oct sun=0

|Nov sun=0

|Dec sun=0

|year sun=1133

|source 1= World Climate Guide{{Cite web |url=http://www.worldclimateguide.co.uk/climateguides/russiacentralasia/chelyuskin.php|title=Climate Data for Mys Chelyuskin|publisher=World climate Guide|access-date=April 1, 2012 }}

}}

• Siberia
• Taymyr Strait
• {{portal-inline|Siberia}}
• {{Portal-inline|Russia}}
• {{Portal-inline|Geography}}

{{notelist}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book |last=Hoppál |first=Mihály |title=Sámánok Eurázsiában. |year=2005 |publisher=Akadémiai Kiadó |location=Budapest |language=hu |isbn=9630582953 }} (The title means “Shamans in Eurasia”, the book is written in Hungarian, but it is published also in German, Estonian and Finnish: [http://www.akkrt.hu/main.php?folderID=906&pn=2&cnt=31&catID=&prodID=17202&pdetails=1 Site of publisher with short description on the book (in Hungarian)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102125239/http://www.akkrt.hu/main.php?folderID=906&pn=2&cnt=31&catID=&prodID=17202&pdetails=1 |date=2010-01-02 }}.)

{{commons category}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070307203232/http://photocity.ru/Album79/idx.php Taymyr Peninsula photographs]

{{Regions of the world}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Peninsulas of Russia

Category:Landforms of Severnaya Zemlya