Telangana dialect
{{Short description|Variety of Telugu}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Telangana Telugu
| nativename = {{lang|te|తెలంగాణ తెలుగు}}
| pronunciation = {{IPA|te|ˈtelaŋɡaːɳa ˈteluɡu|}}
| states = India
| region = Telangana
| familycolor = Dravidian
| fam2 = Southern
| fam3 = Southern II{{sfnp|Zvelebil|1990|p=57}}
| fam4 = Teluguic
| fam5 = Telugu
| ancestor = Proto-Dravidian
| script = Telugu script
| nation = India
| minority =
| map = IN-TG.svg
| mapcaption = Telangana
| agency = Government of Telangana
}}
Telangana Telugu, (Telangana slang or Telangana yaasa) often referred to as Hyderabadi Telugu ({{Langx|te|హైదరాబాదీ తెలుగు|}}) is a dialect of the Telugu language. It has its own history, spoken mostly in the Indian state of Telangana.{{Cite web |date=2014-02-22 |title=Telangana slang can do without 31 Telugu letters, Telangana University professor says |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/telangana-slang-can-do-without-31-telugu-letters-telangana-university-professor-says/articleshow/30744511.cms |access-date=2022-04-19 |website=The Times of India}} This dialect, which is spoken in the Hyderabad region, is highly influenced by Hyderabadi Urdu, also called Dakhani or Deccani Urdu, at least in the vocabulary.{{Cite journal|last1=Shivaprasad|first1=S.|last2=Sadanandam|first2=M.|date=2020-06-01|title=Identification of regional dialects of Telugu language using text independent speech processing models|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s10772-020-09678-y|journal=International Journal of Speech Technology|language=en|volume=23|issue=2|pages=251–258|doi=10.1007/s10772-020-09678-y|s2cid=254584454 |issn=1572-8110}}
Evolution
This dialect has traces from the establishment of Delhi Sultanate in around the 1300s. Later other Islam empires such as Tughlaq dynasty, Malik Maqbul Tilangani, Bahmani Sultanate influenced the culture of the erstwhile Hyderabad and surrounding areas. Qutb Shahi dynasty, established in 1518, played a key role in shaping the Hyderabadi Telugu. The empire was extended to smaller areas in present-day Maharashtra and Karnataka. This made the introduction of Marathi and Kannada languages in the region. One of the other major reasons for the evolution of the language is the influence of Islam culture which preferred to speak Persian or Urdu languages.
Vocabulary
= Unique words =
A few words are unique to the Hyderabadi Telugu/Telangana dialect, predominantly spoken by every one of the region are given below.
| class="wikitable"
|+ !Standard Telugu !Telangana/Hyderabadi language !Meaning |
| {{transl|te|ISO|jāgratta}} ({{lang|te|జాగ్రత్త}})
|{{transl|te|ISO|pailaṁ}} ({{lang|te|పైలం}}) |Be careful |
| {{transl|te|ISO|dāhaṁ}} ({{lang|te|దాహం}})
|{{transl|te|ISO|dūpa}} ({{lang|te|దూప}}) |thirsty |
| {{transl|te|ISO|gōṅgurā}} ({{lang|te|గోంగురా}})
|{{transl|te|ISO|puṇṭikūrā}} ({{lang|te|పుంటికూర}}) |
| {{transl|te|ISO|ekkaḍa}} ({{lang|te|ఎక్కడ}})
|{{transl|te|ISO|ēḍa}} ({{lang|te|ఏడ}}) |where |
| {{transl|te|ISO|akkaḍa}} ({{lang|te|అక్కడ}})
|{{transl|te|ISO|āḍa}} ({{lang|te|ఆడ}}) |there |
| {{transl|te|ISO|ikkaḍa}} ({{lang|te|ఇక్కడ}})
|{{transl|te|ISO|īḍa}} ({{lang|te|ఈడ}}) |here |
= Words borrowed from other languages =
A few loanwords the Hyderabadi Telugu/Telangana dialect, predominantly spoken in Hyderabad region are given below.
| class="wikitable"
|+ !Standard Telugu !Hyderabadi Telugu !Meaning !Source language |
| {{transl|te|ISO|baṅgāḷadumpa}} ({{lang|te|బంగాళదుంప}})
|{{transl|te|ISO|ālugaḍḍa}} ({{lang|te|ఆలుగడ్డ}}) |Hindustani/Sanskrit + Telugu |
| {{transl|te|ISO|adde}} ({{lang|te|అద్దె}})
|{{transl|te|ISO|kirāyi}} ({{lang|te|కిరాయి}}) |rent |
| {{transl|te|ISO|āsupatri}} ({{lang|te|ఆసుపత్రి}})
|{{transl|te|ISO|davākhānā}} ({{lang|te|దవాఖానా}}) |hospital, pharmacy |
| {{transl|te|ISO|bābāy}} ({{lang|te|బాబాయ్}})
|{{transl|te|ISO|kākā}} ({{lang|te|కాకా}}) |uncle |
| {{transl|te|ISO|ḍabbulu}} ({{lang|te|డబ్బులు}})
|{{transl|te|ISO|paisalu}} ({{lang|te|పైసలు}}) |money |
| {{transl|te|ISO|prāntaṁ}} ({{lang|te|ప్రాంతం}})
|{{transl|te|ISO|jāgā}} ({{lang|te|జాగా}}) |area |
Regional variants
There are regional variants in the dialect. The dialect spoken by local non-Telugu Hyderabadis is influenced by Hyderabadi Urdu. The dialect spoken in the interiors of Telangana has localized influences and varies with community. The border regions have mutual influence with languages on the other side of the border.
Influence
The Hyderabadi Telugu/Telangana slang has always influenced the culture of Telangana. The dialect became notable after the Telangana state was formed. It became influential in politics, cinema,{{Cite web|date=2019-08-16|title=From 'Fidaa' to 'iSmart Shankar': The rise of Telangana dialect in mainstream cinema|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/fidaa-ismart-shankar-rise-telangana-dialect-mainstream-cinema-107328|access-date=2021-01-07|website=The News Minute|language=en}} economics, arts, and other fields that are related to Telangana, besides standard Telugu.{{Cite web|last=Bharath|first=Kalyan|title=12 Raw And Rustic Telangana Movie Dialogues In Recent Times - Wirally|url=https://wirally.com/12-raw-and-rustic-telangana-movie-dialogues/|access-date=2021-01-07|website=wirally.com/|language=en-US}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
Sources
- {{citation | last = Zvelebil | first = Kamil | title = Dravidian Linguistics: An Introduction | publisher = Pondicherry Institute of Linguistics and Culture | year = 1990 | isbn = 978-81-8545-201-2 }}
External links
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7RW7fkzi_hA History of Hyderabad Deccan]