Terminal Aérea metro station
{{Short description|Mexico City Metro station}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Use American English|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox station
| name = File:Metro Terminal Aérea pictogram.svg Terminal Aérea
| symbol = mcm
| symbol_location = mexicocity
| style = Mexico City Metro
| style2 = 5
| image_upright =
| type = STC rapid transit
| image = Señalamiento Metro terminal Aerea.png
| image_caption = Station sign, 2006
| alt = Picture of a sign indicating one of the entrances to Terminal Aérea station
| borough = Venustiano Carranza, Mexico City
| address = Puerto Aéreo Boulevard
| country = Mexico
| operator = Sistema de Transporte Colectivo (STC)
| owned = Government of Mexico City
| line = {{rint|mexicocity|5}} (Politécnico – Pantitlán)
| other = {{plainlist|
- {{rint|air}} Mexico City International Airport
- {{rint|mono}} Aerotrén
- File:Mexico City Metrobús Line 4 icon.svg Terminal 1
- File:Movilidad Integrada (logo) Red de Transporte de Pasajeros.svg Routes: 43, 200
- File:Logo de los Servicio de Transportes Eléctricos de la Ciudad de México.svg Trolleybus Line 4: Terminal Aérea
- File:Movilidad Integrada (logo) Red de Autobuses de la CDMX.svg Route: {{nowrap|20-B}}
}}
| coordinates = {{coord|19.433734|-99.087667|region:MX-DIF|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| platform = 2 side platforms
| tracks = 2
| structure = Underground
| status = In service
| opened = 19 December 1981
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system1=Mexico City Metro
|line1=5|left1=Oceanía|right1=Hangares|header2=Out-of-system transfer (airplane passengers only)|system3=Aerotrén|line3=Aerotrén|right3=Terminal 2|transfer3=Terminal 1}}
| map_type = Mexico Mexico City
| mapframe-custom = {{maplink|frame=yes|frame-width=300|frame-height=250|from=Terminal Aérea (STC).map|type=station|stroke-width=6|stroke-color=#{{rcr|Mexico City Metro|5}}|frame-align=left|zoom=16|plain=yes}}
| mapframe-caption = Area map and exits
| mapframe = yes
| map_state = collapsed
| route_map = {{Mexico City Metro Line 5}}
| pass_year = 2023
| pass_percent = -0.15
}}
Terminal Aérea metro station{{efn|{{lang|es|Estación del Metro Terminal Aérea}}. Spanish pronunciation: {{IPA|es|teɾmiˈnal aˈe.ɾea||Es-mx-Terminal Aérea.wav}}. The name of the station literally means "Air Terminal" in Spanish and it is known in English as Air Terminal station.{{cite book|last1=Sultana|first1=Selima|first2=Joe|last2=Weber|date=2016|title=Minicars, Maglevs, and Mopeds: Modern Modes of Transportation Around the World|location=Santa Barbara, California|publisher=ABC-CLIO|page=194|isbn=978-1-4408-3494-3}}}} is a Mexico City Metro station in Venustiano Carranza, Mexico City. It is an underground station with two side platforms, serving Line 5 (the Yellow Line), between Oceanía and Hangares stations. The station serves the Mexico City International Airport and the nearby {{lang|es|colonias}} (neighborhoods) of Peñón de los Baños and Moctezuma 2ª sección along Boulevard Puerto Aéreo.
Terminal Aérea metro station opened on 19 December 1981, providing northwestward service toward Consulado metro station and eastward service toward Pantitlán metro station. The station's pictogram features an airliner and a control tower, reflecting its proximity to the airport's Terminal 1. Inside, there are six murals painted by David Lach. In 2019, the station had an average daily ridership of 18,389 passengers, ranking it the 96th busiest station in the network and the fourth busiest of the line.
Location and layout
{{Stack|float=right|
File:Metro "Terminal Aerea" (2013) 2.jpg
}}
Terminal Aérea is an underground metro station on Boulevard Puerto Aéreo, in Venustiano Carranza borough, in eastern Mexico City.{{Cite web|url=https://www.aicm.com.mx/en/passengers/transportation/metro|title=Metro|publisher=Mexico City International Airport|access-date=15 April 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709101617/https://www.aicm.com.mx/en/passengers/transportation/metro|archive-date=9 July 2017|date=25 July 2017}} It is located approximately {{convert|200|m|ft|sp=us}} away from the entrance to the Gate A of the Terminal 1 at Mexico City International Airport.{{cite book|last1=Baird|first1=David|last2=Cristiano|first2=Juan|last3=Bairstow|first3=Lynne|date=2007|title=Frommer's Mexico 2008|url=https://archive.org/details/mexico200800bair|url-access=registration|location=New York City|publisher=John Wiley & Son|page=[https://archive.org/details/mexico200800bair/page/90 90]|isbn=9780470145746}}{{cite journal|author=Harvard Student Agencies|author-link=Harvard Student Agencies|editor-last1=Hale-Wehmann|editor-first1=Kenneth|date=1995|title=Let's Go: The Budget Guide to Mexico|url=https://archive.org/details/letsgobudgetguid199500harv|url-access=registration|journal=Let's Go!|pages=[https://archive.org/details/letsgobudgetguid199500harv/page/60 60]|issn=0884-6529|oclc=11735368|publisher=St. Martin's Press|location=New York City}}
Terminal Aérea metro station has two exits leading to Boulevard Puerto Aéreo, but none directly to the airport. The east exit is at the corner with Calle Aeropuerto Civil, in Colonia Peñón de los Baños, while the west entrance is found between Calle Norte 33 and Calle Oriente 33 in Colonia Moctezuma 2ª sección. On their Policy Review of Mexico, the OECD criticized the station for not having proper signage and for not being designed for {{Nowrap|first-time}} travelers as they "must negotiate over 110 steps" to reach it.{{cite book|author=OECD|author-link=OECD|page=105|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hT7mDQAAQBAJ|title=OECD Studies on Tourism: Tourism Policy Review of Mexico|isbn=978-92-64-26657-5|location=Paris, France|date=2017|publisher=OECD}}
Within the system, the station lies between Oceanía and Hangares.{{Cite web|url=https://www.metro.cdmx.gob.mx/la-red/linea-5/terminal-aerea|title=Terminal Aérea|language=es|publisher=Sistema de Transporte Colectivo Metro|access-date=15 April 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110808175129/http://www.metro.df.gob.mx/red/estacion.html?id=73|archive-date=8 August 2011}} The area is serviced by the Terminal 1 Metrobús station, belonging to Line 4, Line 4 (formerly Line G) of the trolleybus system, Routes 43 and 200 of the {{lang|es|Red de Transporte de Pasajeros}} network,{{cite web|url=https://www.rtp.cdmx.gob.mx/red-de-rutas|title=Red de Rutas|language=es|trans-title=Routes network|publisher=Red de Transporte de Pasajeros|access-date=30 October 2021}} by Route {{nowrap|20-B}} of the city's public bus system,{{cite web|url=https://www.ort.cdmx.gob.mx/red-de-corredores|title=Red de corredores|language=Es|trans-title=Route network|access-date=30 October 2021|work=Organismo Regulador de Transporte|archive-date=14 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014214225/https://www.ort.cdmx.gob.mx/red-de-corredores|url-status=live}} and the airport's people mover, Aerotrén.{{cite web|url=https://www.aicm.com.mx/en/passengers/transportation/aerotren|title=Aerotren|publisher=Mexico City International Airport|access-date=30 October 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225051239/https://www.aicm.com.mx/en/passengers/transportation/aerotren|archive-date=25 February 2021}}
History and construction
File:Metro México Andenes Terminal Aerea.png
Line 5 of the Mexico City Metro was built by Cometro, a subsidiary of Empresas ICA. Its first section, where Terminal Aérea station is located, was opened on 19 December 1981, running from Pantitlán to Consulado stations.{{cite web|url=https://www.nacion321.com/gobierno/baia-baia-tacubaya-las-estaciones-del-metro-mas-y-menos-utilizadas-en-cdmx|title=Baia, Baia, Tacubaya... Las estaciones del metro MÁS y MENOS utilizadas en CDMX|date=4 September 2019|publisher=Nación 321|language=es|access-date=14 April 2020|archive-date=15 April 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200415155337/https://www.nacion321.com/gobierno/baia-baia-tacubaya-las-estaciones-del-metro-mas-y-menos-utilizadas-en-cdmx|trans-title=Well, well, well... The MOST and LEAST used stations in Mexico City}}
Terminal Aérea metro station was built with Santo Tomás marble floors, travertine marble walls, and {{Nowrap|rustic-textured}} stucco plafond. The track between Oceanía and Terminal Aérea stations spans {{convert|1174|m|ft|sp=us}}, and descends from the grade level to the underground level, with a 4.9% slope at the time of its opening.{{cite web|url=https://metro.cdmx.gob.mx/storage/app/media/Metro%20Acerca%20de/Mas%20informacion/planmaestro18_30.pdf|title=Plan Maestro del Metro 2018 – 2030|trans-title=Master Plan 2018 – 2030|publisher=Sistema de Transporte Colectivo Metro|year=2018|language=es|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217032704/https://metro.cdmx.gob.mx/storage/app/media/Metro%20Acerca%20de/Mas%20informacion/planmaestro18_30.pdf|archive-date=17 December 2019|page=59}} For the opposite section toward Hangares, which is {{convert|1153|m|ft|sp=us}} long,{{cite web|url=https://metro.cdmx.gob.mx/longitud-de-estacion|title=Longitud de estación a estación por línea|language=es|trans-title=Length from station to station by line|publisher=Sistema de Transporte Colectivo Metro|access-date=12 July 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210504063646/https://metro.cdmx.gob.mx/longitud-de-estacion|archive-date=4 May 2021}}{{cite web|url=https://www.sepi.esimez.ipn.mx/msistemas/archivos/Gamez%20Rojas%20Marlen.pdf|title=Análisis de riesgos de incendio en el Sistema de Transporte Colectivo Metro|language=es|page=94|last=Gamez Rojas|first=Marlen|trans-title=Fire Risk Analysis in the Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro|publisher=Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica. Instituto Politécnico Nacional|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123202802/https://www.sepi.esimez.ipn.mx/msistemas/archivos/Gamez%20Rojas%20Marlen.pdf|archive-date=23 November 2020|date=2010}} the tunnel was built with slurry walls using the Milan method.
Near the station, in Colonia Peñon de los Baños, workers found the remains of mammoths, bison, horses, camels, birds, and fishes, as well as a Teotihuacan settlement.{{cite web|url=https://arqueologia.inah.gob.mx/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/METRO.pdf|title=Investigación Arqueológica en la Construcción del Metro|location=Mexico City|first1=Ma. de Jesús|last1=Sánchez Vázquez|first2=Alberto|last2=Mena Cruz|first3=Margarita|last3=Carballal Staedtler|language=es|publisher=Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia|date=2010|access-date=9 July 2020|archive-date=9 July 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709184018/https://arqueologia.inah.gob.mx/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/METRO.pdf|trans-title=Archaeological Research in the Construction of the Metro}}
=Name and pictogram=
Before the station was built, Mexico City International Airport was serviced by the Aeropuerto station on Line 1 (the Pink line), located 15 blocks away to the south.{{cite book |author=Asociación del Congreso Panamericano de Ferrocarriles |date=1975 |title=Boletín de la Comisión Permanente|trans-title=Newsletter of the Permanent Commission|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y1ddbG4xE2gC|volume=58|pages=154|language=es}} After the Terminal Aérea metro station was constructed, many people continued to disembark at Aeropuerto station due to its confusing name and the station's airliner silhouette pictogram.{{cite book|first1=John|last1=Noble|first2=Wayne|last2=Bernhardson|page=219|title=Mexico|edition=5|publisher=Lonely Planet|date=1995|isbn=0864422911|location=Hawthorn, Victoria}}{{cite book|title=The Human Tradition in Mexico|editor-first1=Jeffrey M.|editor-last1=Pilcher|first1=Andrew G.|last1=Wood|page=185|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jbeXAsUsxyMC&pg=PA185|date=2003|isbn=0-8420-2975-3|location=Wilmington, Delaware|publisher=SR Books}} It was not until 1997 that the station was renamed "Boulevard Puerto Aéreo", and the logo was updated to feature a logo of a bridge with a dome below, reflecting local landmarks.{{cite web|url=https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/entrada-de-opinion/colaboracion/mochilazo-en-el-tiempo/nacion/sociedad/2017/07/14/por-que-algunas|title=¿Por qué algunas estaciones del Metro cambiaron de nombre?|trans-title=Why the names of some stations were changed?|first=Hugo|last=Santos Gallagher|language=es|work=El Universal|date=14 July 2017|access-date=16 April 2020|url-status=live|archive-date=5 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180805124157/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/entrada-de-opinion/colaboracion/mochilazo-en-el-tiempo/nacion/sociedad/2017/07/14/por-que-algunas}} The pictogram for Terminal Aérea metro station depicts an airliner in front of a control tower instead.
=Incidents=
On 4 May 2015, a train crashed at Oceanía metro station when a train coming from Terminal Aérea crashed with another one parked at the end of the platforms. The crash was caused by a brake failure, coupled with heavy rain and hail. Terminal Aérea station was temporarily closed for repairs after the crash.{{cite web|url=https://www.excelsior.com.mx/comunidad/2015/05/05/1022426|title=RTP brindará traslado gratuito de Pantitlán a Eduardo Molina|trans-title=Red de Transporte de Pasajeros will provide free service from Pantitlán to Eduardo Molina|work=Excélsior|date=5 May 2015|access-date=23 August 2020|first=Rodrigo|last=Alarcón|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030235409/https://www.excelsior.com.mx/comunidad/2015/05/05/1022426|archive-date=30 October 2017}}
Since 1981, subsidence caused by rain had increased the slope between both stations to at least 7%. To address the sinkings, a {{convert|1|km|mi|abbr=on}} tunnel extension was planned but canceled due to budget constrains.{{cite web|url=https://www.science.org/content/article/sinking-mexico-city-linked-metro-accident-more-come|title=Sinking of Mexico City linked to metro accident, with more to come|first=Katherine|last=Kornei|date=20 December 2017|access-date=15 April 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114171349/https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/12/sinking-mexico-city-linked-metro-accident-more-come|archive-date=14 January 2020|work=Science}}{{cite web|url=https://www.excelsior.com.mx/comunidad/2016/07/27/1107392|title=Techumbre antilluvia alcanza 45% de avance de la Línea 5: Terminal Aérea y Oceanía|date=27 July 2016|access-date=26 May 2020|work=Excélsior|first=Francisco|last=Pazos|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527004051/https://www.excelsior.com.mx/comunidad/2016/07/27/1107392|archive-date=27 May 2020|url-status=live|trans-title=The Anti-rain Roof on Line 5 has Reached 45% Progress Between Terminal Aérea and Oceanía Stations}} Instead, an {{convert|800|m|mi|abbr=on}} {{nowrap|anti-rain}} roof that cost Mx$65 million was built to prevent the tracks from getting wet and reduce the risk of trains sliding.{{cite web|url=https://www.milenio.com/estados/concluyen-obra-l5-metro-evitar-accidentes|title=Concluyen obra en L5 del Metro para evitar accidentes|first=Ilich|last=Valdez|date=13 December 2016|work=Milenio|language=es|access-date=30 May 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210530200945/https://www.milenio.com/estados/concluyen-obra-l5-metro-evitar-accidentes|archive-date=30 May 2021|trans-title=The Work on Line 5 of the Metro Has Been Completed to Prevent Accidents|url-access=registration}}
From 1 to 16 March 2020, Terminal Aérea, Hangares, and Pantitlán stations were closed due to a gasoline leak at a surface petrol station.{{cite web|url=https://www.milenio.com/politica/comunidad/metro-cdmx-linea-5-reanuda-servicio-fuga-gasolina|title=Reabren estaciones de L5 del Metro cerradas por fuga de gasolina|work=Milenio|date=17 March 2017|language=es|access-date=15 April 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318141942/https://www.milenio.com/politica/comunidad/metro-cdmx-linea-5-reanuda-servicio-fuga-gasolina|archive-date=18 March 2020|trans-title=Reopened the Metro L5's station closed by a gasoline leak|url-access=registration}}
=Ridership=
According to the data provided by the authorities, before the Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on public transport, commuters averaged per year between 15,700 and 18,400 daily entrances between 2014 and 2019; the station had a ridership of 6,712,062 passengers (18,389 passengers per day) passengers in 2019, marking an increase of 74,719 passengers compared to 2018. In 2019 specifically, Terminal Aérea metro station ranked as the 96th busiest of the system's 195 stations and the line's fourth busiest.
Landmarks
Terminal Aérea station has six murals painted by Mexican artist David Lach in 1981, becoming the first person to do it inside the Mexico City Metro.{{cite web|url=https://www.radioformula.com.mx/noticias/20120721/un-verano-para-disfrutar-los-murales-expuestos-en-estaciones-del-metro/|language=es|date=21 July 2012|access-date=15 April 2020|publisher=Radio Fórmula|title=Un verano para disfrutar los murales expuestos en estaciones del Metro|trans-title=A Summer to Enjoy the Murals Displayed in Metro Stations|archive-date=15 April 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200415155629/https://www.radioformula.com.mx/noticias/20120721/un-verano-para-disfrutar-los-murales-expuestos-en-estaciones-del-metro/}} Four murals, titled Paisajes cálidos y fríos,{{cite web|url=http://www.aldf.gob.mx/archivo-9b4fe222035e5264efad1b0fa84c48db.pdf|title=Primer periodo ordinario de sesiones del segundo año de ejercicio|trans-title=First ordinary session of the second year of activities|publisher=Legislative Assembly of Mexico City|page=40|language=es|date=25 July 2007|access-date=15 April 2020|archive-date=18 July 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718124326/http://www.aldf.gob.mx/archivo-9b4fe222035e5264efad1b0fa84c48db.pdf}} are located on the platform's headwalls, with Cálidos on the southern walls and Fríos on the northern walls.{{cite web|url=http://infraestructura.ingenet.com.mx/2009/07/linea-5-ciudad-de-mexico/|title=Línea 5, Ciudad de México|language=es|publisher=iNGENET Infraestructura|access-date=15 April 2020|archive-date=2 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140902050418/http://infraestructura.ingenet.com.mx/2009/07/linea-5-ciudad-de-mexico/|trans-title=Line 5, Mexico City|date=20 July 2009}} According to Lach, the red and green colors represent direction and temperature.{{cite web|url=https://www.metro.cdmx.gob.mx/paisajes-calidos-y-frios|title=Paisajes cálidos y fríos|language=es|publisher=Sistema Transporte Colectivo Metro|access-date=15 April 2020|archive-date=24 December 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224171340/http://metro.cdmx.gob.mx/paisajes-calidos-y-frios|trans-title=Warm and Cold Landscapes}} The other two murals, Tlaltilco (in the east lobby) and Cuitzeo (in the west lobby), blend elements of pre-Columbian era culture with contemporary Mexican imagery.
Near the station, a pedestrian bridge known as "MacPuente" is used as an informal observation deck where people gather to watch airplanes land and take off.{{cite web|url=https://local.mx/ciudad-de-mexico/macpuente/|title=MacPuente: el puente peatonal en el Aeropuerto que se usa como mirador de aviones|trans-title=MacPuente: The Pedestrian Bridge at the Airport, Commonly Used as an Aircraft Observation Deck|language=es|publisher=Local.mx|date=28 August 2019|first=Héctor|last=Bialostozky|access-date=15 April 2020|archive-date=15 April 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200415155202/https://local.mx/ciudad-de-mexico/macpuente/}}{{cite web|url=https://www.maspormas.com/ciudad/skyline-coffee/|language=es|title=Excéntrica CDMX – Vuela, vuela|first=Tamara|last=De Anda|publisher=máspormás|date=14 December 2017|access-date=16 April 2020|archive-date=15 December 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215031523/https://www.maspormas.com/ciudad/skyline-coffee/|trans-title=Eccentric Mexico City – Fly, fly|author-link=Tamara De Anda}}
=Gallery=
{{Multiple image
| total_width =
| align = center
| direction = horizontal
| header = Murals by David Lach
| image1 = Cuitzeo - David Lach.jpg
| width1 = 200
| alt1 = Picture of a mural titled Cuitzeo, which depicts two pumas seeing some archaic edifications.
| link1 = File:Cuitzeo - David Lach.jpg
| caption1 = Cuitzeo, in honor of pre-Hispanic cultures
| image2 = Tlatilco - David Lach.jpg
| width2 = 200
| alt2 = Picture of a mural titled Tlatilco, which depicts an isolated land.
| link2 = File:Tlatilco - David Lach.jpg
| caption2 = Tlatilco, in honor of pre-Hispanic cultures
| image3 = Paisaje cálido1.jpg
| width3 = 200
| alt3 = A red-colored mural depicting a hill made with fiberglass.
| link3 = File:Paisaje cálido1.jpg
| caption3 = One of the Paisajes Cálidos
| image4 = Paisaje frío1.jpg
| width4 = 200
| alt4 = A green-colored mural depicting a hill made with fiberglass.
| link4 = File:Paisaje frío1.jpg
| caption4 = One of the Paisajes Fríos
| footer = There are multiple murals inside Terminal Aérea station.
}}
Notes
{{Notelist}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{Commons category-inline|Estación Terminal Aérea (Metro de México)}}
- {{cite web|url=https://mexicocity.cdmx.gob.mx/venues/metro-terminal-aerea/|title=Metro Terminal Aérea|publisher=At the Official Guide to Mexico City}}
{{Mexico City Metro stations}}
{{Venustiano Carranza, Mexico City}}
{{portalbar|Mexico|Transport}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Terminal Aerea}}
Category:Airport railway stations
Category:Mexico City International Airport
Category:Mexico City Metro Line 5 stations
Category:Mexico City Metro stations in Venustiano Carranza, Mexico City