Terrorism in Norway

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file:Oslo view of city after July 2011 bombing.jpg]]

Terrorism in Norway includes a list of major terrorist incidents where organized groups and lone wolves have tried carrying out attacks. In recent years, there has been a rise mostly of Islamic extremism and far-right violence and various groups have been suspected of terrorism plans.

The Norwegian Police Security Service are closely monitoring Islamist and far-right groups in Eastern Norway.{{Cite web|url=https://www.counterextremism.com/countries/norway|title = Norway: Extremism and Terrorism}}

21st century

The right-wing terrorist Philip Manshaus who was behind the Bærum mosque shooting in August 2019, admitted to have been in contact with the Nordic Resistance Movement prior to the attack, but was never accepted as a member.{{Cite web|url=https://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/i/9vnGoq/manshaus-har-hatt-kontakt-med-nynazistisk-organisasjon|title=Manshaus har hatt kontakt med nynazistisk organisasjon|date=21 September 2019 }}

In November 2020 the Norwegian Police Security Service (PST) made an announcement about the general terrorist threat against Norway as moderate. The background for this was the 2020 Nice stabbing and 2020 Vienna attack.

The Norwegian police considered it possible that someone would try to carry out terrorist acts in Norway, motivated by Islamist motives. The development in both France and Austria with the republishing of the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy, and the debate this creates in Norway, may also help inspiring people to commit acts of terrorism. The police was temporarily armed for three weeks, but the arming was prolonged.{{Cite web|url=https://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/i/QmmBb8/politiet-innfoerer-midlertidig-bevaepning|title = Politiet innfører midlertidig bevæpning| date=5 November 2020 }}

List of terrorist incidents in Norway

class="wikitable sortable"
Date

!Type

!data-sort-type="number" | Dead

!data-sort-type="number" | Injured

!class="unsortable"|Details

!Perpetrator

1965

|Bombings

|0

|0

|Several people were hurt by hand grenades and dynamite in Oslo by an unknown lone wolf extremist.{{Cite web|url=https://www.dagsavisen.no/kultur/film/gaten-granatmannen-1.789666|title = Filmen: Gåten Granatmannen| date=11 October 2016 }}

Lone Wolf
1973

|Attempted terror plot

|0

|0

|A Palestinian terrorist group was present in Norway during the 1973 oil crisis, ready to strike against an oil refinery outside Tønsberg. Police raised the alarm after revealing the plot, causing the group to withdraw (the group instead attacked an oil installation in Singapore).Aftenposten: [https://www.aftenposten.no/norge/i/jPAEn/stoppet-terror-i-1973-ved-aa-slaa-alarm Stoppet terror i 1973 ved å slå alarm]

|Palestinian nationalists

1976

|Attempted terror plot

|0

|0

|In Stortorvet, two Mexican brothers were arrested, suspected to create a left-wing terrorist organisation in Europe. They were later arrested in Denmark and Sweden for terrorist offences, including a plan to kidnap Sweden's labour minister Anna-Greta Leijon. Eventually they were both expelled to Mexico and Cuba.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nrk.no/dokumentar/oslos-hemmelige-historie-1.10864081|title = Oslos hemmelige historie|date = 9 January 2013}}

|Tomas and Jaime Okusono Martinez

1977

|Bombing

|0

|0

|A bookstore in Tromsø belonging to the Workers' Communist Party was severely damaged by a powerful bomb containing 10 kg of dynamite.VG: «Kamp mellom ekstremister i Tromsø. Eksplosjon i rød bokhandel.» 21 February 1977, s. 8.VG: «90 kg dynamitt tatt: Hele Tromsø grøsser.» 15 March 1977, s.6. Two people narrowly avoided death as they left the room shortly before the explosion.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nrk.no/troms/da-bomba-smalt-i-tromso-1.13423933|title = Da bomba smalt i Tromsø|date = 13 March 2017}}

|Right-wing extremists (suspected)

1 May 1979

|Bombing

|0

|2

|A far-right political activist launched a bomb attack against a May Day workers parade in Oslo.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nrk.no/spionbyen/?cat=spi&context=displaysubmenu&vnu=67|title = Spionbyen Oslo}}

|Petter Kristian Kyvik

2 July 1982

|Bombing

|1

|11

|Oslo Central Station bombing: A bomb attack on the central train station of Oslo, killed one person and injured 11 others. An unnamed 18-year-old man was convicted, claiming he had extorted the Norwegian State Railways.NRK.no: [http://www.nrk.no/fordypning/oslos-hemmelige-historie-1.10864081 Oslos hemmelige historie]

|Lone Wolf

1984

|Bombing

|0

|0

|The telecommunications bunker in Frogner Park was bombed and completely destroyed with dynamite. Right-wing extremists were thought to have perpetrated it. The authorities hid this from the public for a whole year as the telephone exchange contained equipment related to NATO.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nrk.no/dokumentar/oslos-hemmelige-historie-1.10864081|title = Oslos hemmelige historie|date = 9 January 2013}}

|Right-wing extremists (suspected)

1985

|Bombing

|0

|1

|In 1985 the Ahmadiyya Muslim Nor mosque in Frogner in Oslo was blasted with dynamite. A 38-year-old woman received smoke inhalation injuries. The bomb was detonated by an activist from the National People's Party, which resulted in several other people from the party being arrested by the police. The arrested were also accused of bombing the Frogner Park telephone exchange in 1984 (see above).{{Cite web|url=https://www.nrk.no/dokumentar/oslos-hemmelige-historie-1.10864081|title = Oslos hemmelige historie|date = 9 January 2013}}

|Right-wing extremists

1988

|Attempted bombing

|0

|0

|A time bomb made of 5 kg dynamite was discovered at an asylum centre in Evje. Right-wing extremists were suspected to be behind the planned attack.«Terrorbombe i Evje», Aftenposten, 7 January 1989, s. 2.

|Right-wing extremists (suspected)

11 October 1993

|Shooting, assassination attempt

|0

|1

|In 1993 Aschehoug chief William Nygaard was shot three times in the back but survived. The attack is believed to be a result of Nygaard publishing and defending Salman Rushdie's controversial novel The Satanic Verses. The Norwegian newspaper editor Harald Stanghelle characterized the assassination as state terrorism. In 2018 PST charged two people for attempted murder or conspiracy of murder, and in 2021 it was revealed by the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation that one of the suspected terrorists lives in Beirut, Lebanon named Khaled Moussawi.{{Cite web|url=https://www.aftenposten.no/norge/i/oRbdOR/Kripos-har-siktet-flere-personer-for-attentatet-mot-William-Nygaard|title = Kripos har siktet flere personer etter at William Nygaard ble skutt tre ganger i ryggen i 1993| date=9 October 2018 }}{{Cite web|url=https://www.nrk.no/dokumentar/her-er-mannen-som-er-siktet-for-attentatet-pa-william-nygaard-1.15720862|title=Her er mannen som er siktet for attentatet på William Nygaard|date=11 November 2021}}

|Khaled Moussawi (suspected)

21 August 1994

|Bombing

|0

|0

|On the night of 21st of August a right-wing extremist was suspected of a bomb attack against the Blitz house. No one was injured in the attack, but many windows in the neighbourhood were broken. The former neo-Nazi Johnny Olsen claimed that he was the one behind the attack.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nrk.no/norge/--stod-bak-blitz-attentat-1.512512|title = - Stod bak Blitz-attentat|date = 28 March 2004}}

|Johnny Olsen

2003

|Bombing

|0

|0

|A power charged dynamite exploded outside the Word of Truth church in Slemmestad. No one was killed or injured in the blast.http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article1339270.ece Sprengte menighetshus Serious damage was made to the building and its surroundings.{{Cite web|url=https://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/i/kArnj/fem-tiltalt-etter-sannhetens-ord-bomben|title = Fem tiltalt etter Sannhetens Ord-bomben| date=November 2005 }}

|Militants (suspected)

July 2006

|Shooting, assassination attempt

|0

|0

|In July 2006 Arfan Bhatti was charged but not convicted for shots fired against the home of journalist Nina Johnsrud of the newspaper Dagsavisen.{{Cite web|url=https://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kommentar/i/G3aWV/Skuddene-i-Oppegard|title = Skuddene i Oppegård| date=9 July 2006 }}

|Arfan Bhatti

2009

|Attempted terror plot

|0

|0

|In 2009 the Norwegian Police Security Service actioned against 25 Islamists thought to have planned terror in Norway.{{Cite news|title=PST aksjonerte mot 25 islamister etter terrorsamtaler i Oslo|url=http://www.dagbladet.no/2009/05/15/nyheter/terrorisme/politiets_sikkerhetstjeneste/oslo/islamisme/6244375/|work=Dagbladet|date=15 May 2015|language=Norwegian}}

|Islamists

2010

|Attempted terror plot

|0

|0

|Islamist Mullah Krekar threatened to kill the prime minister of Norway Erna Solberg during a news conference in June 2010. On July 12, 2011, terrorism charges were filed against him.{{Cite web|url=https://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/i/n8Mko/pst-vil-ha-krekar-tiltalt-for-terrortrusler|title=- PST vil ha Krekar tiltalt for terrortrusler|date=20 January 2011 }}

|Mulla Krekar

2010

|Attempted terror plot

|0

|0

|2010 Norway terror plot: Three Islamists were arrested and later convicted of terror plans.{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/denmark/8029983/Norway-terror-plot-targeted-Danish-paper.html|title=Norway terror plot 'targeted Danish paper'|date=28 September 2010 }}

|Al-Qaeda (suspected)

22 July 2011

|Shooting, bombing

|77

|319

|2011 Norway attacks: 77 people were killed and at least 319 injured in two sequential attacks by Anders Behring Breivik.{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/jul/23/norway-attacks|title=Norway attacks: At least 92 killed in Oslo and Utøya island|website=TheGuardian.com|date=23 July 2011}}

|Anders Behring Breivik

24 July 2014

|Attempted terror plot

|0

|0

|2014 Norway terror threat: Terror threats made by Jihadists from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) caused extraordinary short-term security measures in Norway.VG Nett: [http://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/authorities-warned-of-terror-attack-against-norway-within-few-days/a/23260410/ Authorities warned of terror attack against Norway "within few days"]VG Nett: http://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/terrorangrepet-i-koebenhavn/oekte-sikkerhetstiltak-i-norge-etter-koebenhavn-terror/a/23396304/

|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

8 April 2017

|Attempted bombing

|0

|0

|On 8 April 2017, in the aftermath of the 2017 Stockholm truck attack, a man was arrested and part of the Grønland district of Oslo closed off by police after a "bomb-like" device was found. The device was later demolished in a controlled explosion.{{Cite news|title=Norway police destroy suspect device in Oslo|url=https://www.thelocal.no/20170409/norway-police-destroy-suspect-device-in-oslo|website=The Local|agency=Agence France-Presse|date=9 April 2017}} The man, a 17-year-old Russian citizen, was charged on 9 April with illegal possession of an explosive device. The man arrived in Norway as an asylum seeker in 2010, and was known to the Norwegian Police Security Service (PST) for having expressed support for the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.{{Cite news|title=PST: Sannsynlig med terrorangrep i Norge de neste to månedene|url=https://www.nrk.no/norge/pst_-sannsynlig-med-terrorangrep-i-norge-de-neste-to-manedene-1.13468445|publisher=NRK|date=9 April 2017|language=Norwegian}}

|Islamic State (suspected)

5 December 2018

|Attempted mail bombing

|0

|0

|A 43-year-old man was sentenced to twelve years in jail for attempted mail bombing and three attempted murders, after he in 2018 sent a letter bomb to the police station in the centre of Ski. When the package was to be opened, a police officer suspected that something was wrong. The bomb squad arrived quickly at the scene, where they chose to neutralize the object by firing shots. No one was injured or killed during the incident.{{Cite web|url=https://www.oblad.no/bombemannen-domt-til-forvaring-i-12-ar/s/5-68-941501|title = "Bombemannen» dømt til forvaring i 12 å"|date = 2 December 2020}}

|Right-wing extremist (suspected)

10 August 2019

|Shooting

|1

|1 (+1)

|Bærum mosque shooting: A lone gunman Philip Manshaus opened fire in a mosque in Bærum, Norway, 20 kilometers outside of Oslo. He injured one person and at the time of the shooting there were three other people in the mosque. On 11 June 2020, Manshaus was found guilty of murder and terrorism and sentenced to 21 years in prison along with a provision that he should be imprisoned indefinitely if determined to be a threat to society.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-53006164|title = Norway court jails mosque gunman Manshaus for 21 years|work = BBC News|date = 11 June 2020}}

|Philip Manshaus

4 February 2021

|Attempted terror plot

|0

|0

|The Norwegian Police Security Service arrested a 16-year-old Syrian male in Oslo the 4th of February, charged with preparation for an act of terrorism. The young man was held in custody and is not a Norwegian citizen. According to news media, Norwegian Police Security Service believes that the 16-year-old is a Jihadist and an Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant sympathizer and was planning to use poison to attack random civilians.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nettavisen.no/nyheter/16-aring-pagrepet-for-terrorforberedelser/s/12-95-3424084566|title = 16-åring pågrepet for terrorforberedelser|date = 5 February 2021}}

|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (suspected)

25 June 2022

|Shooting

|2

|21

|2022 Oslo shooting: A 42-year-old Iranian man opened fire on patrons at the London Pub LGBTQ nightclub in downtown Oslo along with two other locations nearby. The perpetrator was later detained by police and it was then revealed that the man became radicalized in 2015 and was in contact with Arfan Bhatti a well-known Islamist extremist. He was charged with murder and acts of terrorism.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61933817|title = Oslo shooting: Norway attack being treated as Islamist terrorism, police say| work=BBC News |date = 25 June 2022}}

|Zaniar Matapour

23 September 2024

|Attempted bombing

|0

|0

|A man in his 50's was arrested for terror threats after an explosive device was found in his rucksack in front of a NAV office in Åsane, Bergen.{{cite web | url=https://www.bt.no/hendelser/i/qPvqLE/innsatsleder-en-person-paagrepet-for-bombetrusler?utm_source=sdrn%3Avg%3Aarticle%3AgwLMKB | title=Aksjonen i Åsane: Mann siktet for terrortrussel }}

|Lone wolf (suspected)

See also

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Norway terrorism and mass shootings}}

{{Europe topic|Terrorism in}}

Category:Violence in Norway

Norway

Category:Human rights abuses in Norway