Timeline of Marrakesh

{{History of Morocco}}

• 1070 CE - Marrakesh founded by Abu Bakr ibn Umar{{Cite book|last=Deverdun|first=Gaston|title=Marrakech: Des origines à 1912|publisher=Éditions Techniques Nord-Africaines|year=1959|location=Rabat}}Abu Bakr ibn Umar{{Cite book|last=Abun-Nasr|first=Jamil|title=A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1987|isbn=0521337674|location=Cambridge}}Abu Bakr ibn Umar{{Cite web|title=Qantara - Les Almoravides (1056-1147)|url=https://www.qantara-med.org/public/show_document.php?do_id=595|access-date=2020-08-25|website=www.qantara-med.org}}{{Cite book|last=Salmon|first=Xavier|title=Maroc Almoravide et Almohade: Architecture et décors au temps des conquérants, 1055-1269|publisher=LienArt|year=2018|location=Paris}}{{Cite book|last=Wilbaux|first=Quentin|title=La médina de Marrakech: Formation des espaces urbains d'une ancienne capitale du Maroc|publisher=L'Harmattan|year=2001|isbn=2747523888|location=Paris}}Abu Bakr ibn Umar{{Cite book|last=Bennison|first=Amira K.|title=The Almoravid and Almohad Empires|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|year=2016}}Abu Bakr ibn Umar (or in 1062 according to some sources{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}{{Cite book|title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2009|isbn=9780195309911|editor-last=M. Bloom|editor-first=Jonathan|chapter=Marrakesh|editor2-last=S. Blair|editor2-first=Sheila}}{{cite book|author1=Thomas K. Park|title=Historical Dictionary of Morocco|author2=Aomar Boum|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-8108-6511-2|edition=2nd|chapter=Marrakech|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8KiCl5-MxMMC}}).
• 1071 - Ben Youssef Mosque built.
• 1117 - Almoravid Koubba built.
• 1127 - Ramparts of Marrakech built.{{sfn|Grove|2009}}
• 1129 - Battle of al-Buhayra - City besieged by Almohads.{{cite book|author= Hsain Ilahiane |title=Historical Dictionary of the Berbers (Imazighen) |year= 2006|publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6490-0|chapter=Chronology |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0E8qp_k515oC }}
• 1132 - Masjid al-Siqaya (mosque) built (approximate date).{{citation needed|date=October 2014}}
• 1147 - Almohads in power.
• 1147 - Kutubiyya Mosque first built.
• 1157 - Agdal Gardens laid out.{{cite web |publisher=Archnet |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131005234714/http://archnet.org/library/places/one-place.jsp?place_id=1910 |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 October 2013 |title=Morocco: Marrakech |url= http://archnet.org/library/places/one-place.jsp?place_id=1910 }}
• 1158 - Kutubiyya Mosque re-built.{{sfn|Grove|2009}}{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
• 1182 - Scholar Al-Suhayli arrives in Marrakesh (approximate date).
• 1188 - Bab Agnaou (gate) built.
• 1190 - Kasbah Mosque completed.
• 1195 - Kutubiyya Mosque minaret
• 1197 - New Kasbah of Marrakesh built.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
• 1248 - Marinids in power.
• 1288 - Abu Yaqub in power.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
• 1331 - Sidi Muhammad ibn Salih mosque built.{{sfn|Grove|2009}}
• 1350 - Traveler Ibn Battuta visits city.
• 1525 - Saadians in power.
• 1554 - Mohammed ash-Sheikh in power.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
• 1557 - Zawiya of Sidi Muhammad Ben Sliman al-Jazuli built.{{cite web |url= http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/?period=08®ion=afw#/Key-Events |title= Western North Africa (The Maghrib), 1400–1600 A.D.: Key Events |work= Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History |publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art |location=New York |access-date=30 October 2014 }}
• 1565 - Ben Youssef Madrasa built.
• 1572 - Mouassine Mosque built.{{sfn|Grove|2009}}
• 1593 - El Badi Palace built.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
• 1603 - Saadian Tombs built.
• 1606 - City taken by forces of Abd Allah.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
• 1664 - 31 July: City taken by forces of Alaouite Al-Rashid of Morocco.
• 1746 - Mohammed ben Abdallah in power.
• 1900 - Bahia Palace built.

File:ETH-BIB-Marrakech, Gesamtansicht von Süden aus 400 m Höhe-Tschadseeflug 1930-31-LBS MH02-08-0290.tif

• 1906 - Population: 50,000 to 60,000. (estimate). {{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
• 1907 - Émile Mauchamp a French doctor, assassinated by a mob.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
• 1912
• Mauritanian Ahmed al-Hiba in power.{{sfn|Miller|2005}}
• 6 September: Battle of Sidi Bou Othman occurs near city.
• September: City occupied by French forces.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
• Fort built.{{sfn|Brill|1927}}
• 1919 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Guéliz|fr}} area planned.{{sfn|Miller|2005}}
• 1923
• Marrakesh railway station built.
• La Mamounia hotel in business.{{citation |work=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/26/travel/26marrakesh-hours.html |title=36 Hours in Marrakesh |date=December 2010 }}
• Public library opens.{{cite book |editor=Robert Wedgeworth |title=World Encyclopedia of Library and Information Services |year=1993 |edition=3rd |publisher=American Library Association |isbn=978-0-8389-0609-5 |chapter=Morocco |author=Lola Souad |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HSFu99FCJwQC |page=[https://archive.org/details/worldencyclopedi0000unse/page/585 585+] |url=https://archive.org/details/worldencyclopedi0000unse/page/585 }}
• 1926 - Population: 149,263.{{sfn|Brill|1927}}
• 1932 - Dar Si Said (museum) opens.{{cite book|author=Katarzyna Pieprzak|title=Imagined Museums: Art and Modernity in Postcolonial Morocco |year= 2010|publisher=University of Minnesota Press|isbn=978-1-4529-1520-3}}
• 1943 - Tower of the Koutoubia Mosque painted by Winston Churchill
• 1947
• Majorelle Garden opens.
• Kawkab Marrakech football club formed.
• 1948 - Mouloudia de Marrakech football club formed.
• 1951 - Population: 215,312.{{cite book |chapter-url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1950_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1955 |publisher=Statistical Office of the United Nations |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants }}
• 1973 - Population: 330,400 city; 436,300 urban agglomeration.{{cite book |chapter-url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1970_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1975 |year=1976 |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=253–279 }}
• 1978 - Cadi Ayyad University established.
• 1985 - Medina of Marrakesh UNESCO World Heritage Site established.{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/331 |title=Medina of Marrakesh |publisher=United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization |access-date=30 October 2014 }}
• 1987
• Marrakech Marathon begins.
• École supérieure de commerce de Marrakech (school) established.
• 1994
• August: Hotel shooting.
• Population: 745,541.{{sfn|Miller|2005}}
• 1996 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Musée Bert-Flint|fr}} (museum) opens.{{citation needed|date=October 2014}}
• 2000 - École nationale des sciences appliquées de Marrakech established.

• 2004 - Population: 823,000.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
• 2005 - Marrakech Biennale begins.
• 2009 - Fatima-Zahra Mansouri becomes mayor.{{cite web |work=Global Voices |url=https://globalvoicesonline.org/2009/06/29/morocco-celebrating-the-first-female-mayor-of-marrakesh/ |date=29 June 2009 |title= Morocco: Celebrating the First Female Mayor of Marrakesh }}
• 2011
• 28 April: 2011 Marrakesh bombing at Jemaa el-Fnaa.{{cite web |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14123260 |title=Morocco Profile: Timeline |work=BBC News |access-date=30 October 2014 }}
• Stade de Marrakech (stadium) opens.
• TEDx Marrakesh begins.{{cite web |url=http://www.tedxmarrakesh.net/ |title=TEDx Marrakesh |access-date=30 October 2014 }}
• Population: 939,000.{{cite book |url=http://unhabitat.org/the-state-of-african-cities-2014/ |title=The State of African Cities 2014 |isbn=978-92-1-132598-0 |publisher=United Nations Human Settlements Programme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910195641/https://unhabitat.org/the-state-of-african-cities-2014/ |archive-date=10 September 2014 |df=dmy-all |date=2015-09-10 }}
• 2014
• August: 2014 African Championships in Athletics held in city.
• Population: 978,045 (estimate).{{citation |chapter=Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants |chapter-url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/dyb_2018/ |title=Demographic Yearbook – 2018 |publisher=United Nations }}
• 2015 - City becomes part of the Marrakesh-Safi administrative region.
• 2016 - November: 2016 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP22) held in city.
• 2022 - October: Consulate of Poland established (see also Morocco–Poland relations).{{cite web|url=https://sip.lex.pl/akty-prawne/dzienniki-resortowe/utworzenie-konsulatu-rzeczypospolitej-polskiej-w-marrakeszu-krolestwo-38510625|title=Utworzenie Konsulatu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w Marrakeszu (Królestwo Marokańskie)|access-date=11 December 2023|language=pl}}
• 2023 - September: A {{M|w}} 6.9 earthquake strikes Al Haouz Province; over 2,900 die and the city's historic landmarks was destroyed.{{Cite web |title='Fragile state': Fears for Marrakesh's ancient structures after earthquake |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/9/fragile-state-fears-for-marrakeshs-ancient-structures-after-earthquake |access-date=2023-09-10 |work=Al Jazeera |language=en |archive-date=10 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910103950/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/9/fragile-state-fears-for-marrakeshs-ancient-structures-after-earthquake |url-status=live }} Eighteen people die in the city.{{cite news |title=Morocco's Earthquake Death Toll Jumps to 2,497 Victims |url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357612/moroccos-earthquake-death-toll-jumps-to-2-497-victims |access-date=11 September 2023 |agency=Morocco World News |date=11 September 2023 |language= |archive-date=12 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912063235/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357612/moroccos-earthquake-death-toll-jumps-to-2-497-victims |url-status=live }}

• History of Marrakesh
• Imperial cities of Morocco
• Timelines of other cities in Morocco: Casablanca, Fez, Meknes, Rabat, {{illm|Timeline of Salé|fr|Chronologie de Salé|lt=Salé}}, Tangier
• History of Morocco

{{reflist|30em}}

{{Refbegin}}

• {{Citation |publisher = J.Duncan |location = London |title = The Modern Traveller |chapter-url = https://archive.org/stream/moderntraveller21condiala#page/48/mode/2up |chapter=City of Morocco |author = Josiah Conder |author-link=Josiah Conder (editor and author) |date =1830

}}

• {{Citation |publisher = Hakluyt Society |location = London |title = History and Description of Africa |author1 = Leo Africanus |date = 1896 |oclc = 2649691 |author2= John Pory |editor=Robert Brown |chapter=Citie of Maroco |volume=2 |chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/historyanddescr01unkngoog#page/n51/mode/2up

}} (written in 16th century)

• {{cite book |author=S. L. Bensusan |author-link = S. L. Bensusan|year=1904 |title=Morocco |location=London |publisher= A & C Black |url=https://archive.org/details/moroccob00bensuoft

}} (includes Marrakesh)

• {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Marrākesh |volume= 17 | page = 753 |date=1910 |ref= {{harvid|Britannica|1910}} |short= 1}}
• {{cite book |chapter=Marrakesh |page= 296+ |publisher =E.J. Brill |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam |year=1927 |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Va6oSxzojzoC

|ref= {{harvid|Brill|1927}}

|title-link= Encyclopaedia of Islam |isbn= 9004097961 }}

• {{cite book|editor=Kevin Shillington|title=Encyclopedia of African History |year=2005 |publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn |isbn=978-1-135-45670-2 |chapter= Marrakech |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=umyHqvAErOAC |page=948 |author=James A. Miller

|ref= {{harvid|Miller|2005}}

}}

• {{cite book |title=Historic Cities of the Islamic World |editor=C. Edmund Bosworth |year=2007 |publisher=Koninklijke Brill |location=Leiden |chapter=Marrakesh |pages=319+ |isbn=978-9004153882 |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=UB4uSVt3ulUC

|ref= {{harvid|Bosworth|2007}}

}}

• {{cite book |title=Marrakech |year=2007 |publisher=Time Out |isbn=978-1-84670-019-4 |chapter=History |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XnPJ8_eOp4QC |page=[https://archive.org/details/timeoutmarrakech0000unse/page/12 12+] |url=https://archive.org/details/timeoutmarrakech0000unse/page/12 }}
• {{Cite book |publisher = ABC-CLIO |location = Santa Barbara, USA |editor2 = Michael R.T. Dumper |editor1=Bruce E. Stanley |title = Cities of the Middle East and North Africa |year = 2008 |chapter= Marrakesh |page=246+

}}

• {{cite book|title=Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-530991-1 |chapter=Marrakesh |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=un4WcfEASZwC

|ref= {{harvid|Grove|2009}}

}}

• {{cite journal |author=Paul Lambert |title= Notice sur la ville de Maroc |journal= Bulletin de la Société de Géographie |location=Paris |year=1868 |language=fr |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cXEEAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA1-PA430

}}

• {{cite book

|editor=Ch. Brossard

|language= fr

|series=Géographie pittoresque et monumentale de la France

|publisher= Flammarion

|location=Paris

|title= Colonies françaises

|year=1906

|chapter= Maroc: Description des villes: Merrakech

|chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=clc02B1BIkgC&pg=PA223

| ref = {{harvid|Brossard|1906}}

}} (+ [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015005579753?urlappend=%3Bseq=652 table of contents])

• {{cite book |title=Au Maroc; Marrakech |author=Maurice de Périgny |year= 1918 |url=http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100143690 |language=fr

|publisher=P. S. Roger et cie |series=Collection les pays modernes }}

• {{cite journal |author= Jean-François Troin |title= Marrakech revisitée ou les villes dans la ville |journal= {{illm|Méditerranée (journal)|fr|Méditerranée (revue)|lt=Méditerranée}} |volume= 59 |issue= 4 |pages= 13–19 |doi= 10.3406/medit.1986.2423 |language=fr |via= Persee.fr |year= 1986

|url= http://www.persee.fr/doc/medit_0025-8296_1986_num_59_4_2423 }} {{free access}}

• {{cite journal |author= Jean-François Troin |title= Fès et Marrakech: Evolution comparée de deux capitales régionales marocaines |journal= {{illm|Cahiers de la Méditerranée|fr}} |volume=50 |pages= 149–169 |doi= 10.3406/camed.1995.1143 |language=fr |via= Persee.fr |year= 1995

|url= http://www.persee.fr/doc/camed_0395-9317_1995_num_50_1_1143 }} {{free access}}

• {{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JMGju0zRXYsC&pg=PA34 |chapter=Chronologie |language=fr |year=2009 |publisher=Petit Futé |title= Marrakech

|isbn=9782746926042 }}

• {{cite journal |author=Anne-Claire Kurzac-Souali |title= Marrakech, insertion mondiale et dynamiques socio-spatiales locales |journal= {{illm|Méditerranée (journal)|fr|Méditerranée (revue)|lt=Méditerranée}} |volume= 116 |issue= 116 |pages= 123–132 |doi= 10.4000/mediterranee.5441 |language=fr |via= Revues.org |year= 2011

}} {{open access}}

• {{cite journal |author=Chloé Pellegrini |title= Parcours de petits entrepreneurs français à Marrakech |trans-title=French Entrepreneurs in Marrakesh |journal= Cahiers d'Études africaines |number=221–222 |language=fr |via= Revues.org |year= 2016

}}

{{refend}}

{{Commons category|Marrakech}}

• {{cite web |url=http://www.connecting-africa.net/query_2.php?F9=0&S0=marrakech&F0=0 |title=(Articles related to Marrakech) |work=Connecting-Africa |publisher=African Studies Centre |location=Leiden, Netherlands }}

{{Marrakesh}}

{{Marrakesh-Tensift-El Haouz}}

{{Years in Morocco}}

{{Timelines of cities in Africa}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}

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Marrakesh