2023 Al Haouz earthquake
{{Short description|Earthquake in Morocco}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{Infobox earthquake
| title = 2023 Al Haouz earthquake
| timestamp = 2023-09-08 22:11:01
| anss-url = us7000kufc
| isc-event = 626740945
| image = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = Amerzeggan ⴰⵎⵔⵣⴳⴳⴰⵏ viyaedje distrût hosmint tere Hawse.jpg
| photo2a = Earthquake impact in Douar Tansghart 05.jpg
| photo2b = Earthquake impact in Imi N'Tala 08.jpg
| photo3a = Earthquake impact in Tizi N'Test 16.jpg
| size = 210
| spacing = 2
| color = transparent
| border = 0
}}
| caption = Clockwise from top: Imi N'Tala, Moulay Brahim, Tizi N'Test and Tansghart after the earthquake
| local-date = {{Start date|2023|09|08|df=y}}
| local-time = 23:11 DST
| map2 = {{Location map+ | Morocco
| relief = 1
| places =
{{Location map~|Morocco|lat=30.43|long=-9.6|label=Agadir|label_size=120|position=left|mark=Green pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|Morocco|lat=33.53|long=-7.58|label=Casablanca|label_size=120|mark=Green pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|Morocco|lat=31.63|long=-8.009|label=Marrakesh|label_size=120|mark=Green pog.svg}}
{{Location map~|Morocco|lat=31.073|long=-8.407|mark=Bullseye1.png|marksize=50}}
| width= 250
| float = right
| caption =
}}
| magnitude = 6.9 {{M|w|link=y}}{{Cite isc|OB|626740945}}
| intensity = {{MMI|9}}
| pga =
| damage = US$7 billion
| location = {{coord|31.073|-8.407|display=inline, title}}
| countries affected = Morocco
| casualties = 2,960 killed, 5,674 injured
}}
On 8 September 2023 at 23:11 DST (22:11 UTC), an earthquake with a moment magnitude of 6.9 and maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent) struck Morocco's Al Haouz Province. The earthquake's epicenter was {{cvt|73.4|km}} southwest of Marrakesh, near the town of Ighil{{cite web|title=Powerful magnitude 6.8 earthquake rattles Morocco, with five believed dead|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/8/powerful-6-8-magnitude-earthquake-rattles-morocco|publisher=Al Jazeera|access-date=9 September 2023|date=8 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909011442/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/8/powerful-6-8-magnitude-earthquake-rattles-morocco|url-status=live}} and the Oukaïmeden ski resort in the Atlas Mountains.{{cite web|title=Major earthquake strikes Oukaïmedene, Morocco|url=https://www.usgs.gov/news/featured-story/major-earthquake-strikes-oukaimedene-morocco|publisher=United States Geological Survey|access-date=12 September 2023|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912063234/https://www.usgs.gov/news/featured-story/major-earthquake-strikes-oukaimedene-morocco|url-status=live}} It occurred as a result of shallow oblique-thrust faulting beneath the mountain range. At least 2,960 deaths were reported, with most occurring outside Marrakesh. Damage was widespread, and historic landmarks in Marrakesh were destroyed.{{Cite web|title='Fragile state': Fears for Marrakesh's ancient structures after earthquake|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/9/fragile-state-fears-for-marrakeshs-ancient-structures-after-earthquake|access-date=10 September 2023|publisher=Al Jazeera|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910103950/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/9/fragile-state-fears-for-marrakeshs-ancient-structures-after-earthquake|url-status=live}} The earthquake was also felt in Spain, Portugal, and Algeria.{{cite news|last1=Pedrosa|first1=Jorge|date=9 September 2023|title=Terremoto Málaga: Cuatro seísmos con epicentro en Marruecos se sienten en Andalucía|language=es|trans-title=Malaga Earthquake: Four earthquakes with epicenter in Morocco are felt in Andalusia|agency=Málaga Hoy|url=https://www.malagahoy.es/malaga/Terremoto-Malaga-epicentro-Marruecos-Andalucia_0_1828317161.html|url-status=live|access-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909042100/https://www.malagahoy.es/malaga/Terremoto-Malaga-epicentro-Marruecos-Andalucia_0_1828317161.html|archive-date=9 September 2023}}{{cite web|title=Where in Morocco did the 6.8 magnitude earthquake strike?|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=9 September 2023|access-date=11 September 2023|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/9/where-in-morocco-did-the-earthquake-strike|archive-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911071350/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/9/where-in-morocco-did-the-earthquake-strike|url-status=live}}{{cite news|date=9 September 2023|title=Morocco earthquake leaves at least 2,000 dead, damages historic landmarks and topples buildings|publisher=CBS News|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/morocco-earthquake-6-8-magnitude-marrakech-thousands-killed/|url-status=live|access-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910153322/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/morocco-earthquake-6-8-magnitude-marrakech-thousands-killed/|archive-date=10 September 2023}}
It is the strongest instrumentally recorded earthquake in Morocco, the deadliest in the country since the 1960 Agadir earthquake, and the second-deadliest earthquake of 2023 after the Turkey–Syria earthquakes. Its magnitude also makes it the largest earthquake on the African continent since the 2006 {{M|w}} 7.0 Mozambique earthquake and the largest in North Africa since the 1980 {{M|w}} 7.1 El Asnam earthquake.{{cite web|title=Search Earthquake Catalog|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map/?extent=-46.31658,-79.45313&extent=48.10743,114.25781&range=search&timeZone=utc&search=%7B%22name%22:%22Search%20Results%22,%22params%22:%7B%22starttime%22:%221000-01-01%2000:00:00%22,%22endtime%22:%222023-10-20%2023:59:59%22,%22maxlatitude%22:37.858,%22minlatitude%22:-35.747,%22maxlongitude%22:52.559,%22minlongitude%22:-17.93,%22minmagnitude%22:4.5,%22orderby%22:%22time%22%7D%7D|publisher=United States Geological Survey|access-date=20 October 2023|date=20 October 2023}} Over 2.8 million people from Marrakesh and areas surrounding the Atlas Mountains were affected, including 100,000 children.{{Cite web|last=Kottasová|first=Ivana|date=10 September 2023|title=Rescuers scramble to find survivors in Morocco after powerful earthquake kills more than 2,000|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/10/africa/morocco-earthquake-day-two-intl-hnk/index.html|access-date=11 September 2023|publisher=CNN|archive-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911015258/https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/10/africa/morocco-earthquake-day-two-intl-hnk/index.html|url-status=live}}{{cite news|last1=Kouachi|first1=Ikram|title=Thousands affected by powerful quake in Morocco's Marrakech: WHO|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/thousands-affected-by-powerful-quake-in-morocco-s-marrakech-who/2987651|access-date=11 September 2023|publisher=Anadolu Agency|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910104003/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/thousands-affected-by-powerful-quake-in-morocco-s-marrakech-who/2987651|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|date=11 September 2023|title=UNICEF: Over 100,000 children affected by Morocco quake|url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20230912_27/|access-date=11 September 2023|website=NHK World Japan|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912185921/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20230912_27/|url-status=live}} Following the earthquake, many countries offered humanitarian assistance, and Morocco announced a three-day period of national mourning.{{Cite news|date=9 September 2023|title=Morocco declares three days of national mourning following deadly earthquake|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/morocco-earthquake-mourning-idAFS8N37R012|access-date=11 September 2023|archive-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911195741/https://www.reuters.com/article/morocco-earthquake-mourning-idAFS8N37R012|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|title=Morocco Earthquake: Country declares 3 days of national mourning|url=https://www.wionews.com/videos/morocco-earthquake-country-declares-3-days-of-national-mourning-634513|access-date=11 September 2023|publisher=WION|date=10 September 2023|quote=Over 1,000 people were killed and more than 1,200 were injured in a terrible earthquake that rattled the kingdom late on Friday night, prompting Morocco to declare three days of national mourning.|archive-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911195835/https://www.wionews.com/videos/morocco-earthquake-country-declares-3-days-of-national-mourning-634513|url-status=live}}
Tectonic setting
{{Main|Geology of Morocco}}
File:EQs 1900-2016 mediterranean tsum.png
Morocco lies south of a major tectonic boundary between the African plate and the Eurasian plate.{{cite web |last1=Galindo-Zaldivar |first1=Jesús |title=What caused Morocco's earthquake? A geologist studying the Atlas mountains explains |url=https://theconversation.com/what-caused-moroccos-earthquake-a-geologist-studying-the-atlas-mountains-explains-213221 |publisher=The Conversation |access-date=13 December 2024 |date=11 September 2023}} This major fault stretches from the Azores to Gibraltar Strait where it is doinated by right-latera strike-slip movement. In the Gibraltar Arc and Alboran Sea, at the eastern end of the fault it becomes transpressional with the development of large thrust faults. East of the Strait of Gibraltar, in the Alboran Sea, the boundary becomes collisional in type. Most of the seismicity in Morocco is related to movement on that plate boundary, with the greatest seismic hazard in the north of the country close to the boundary.{{Cite journal|last=Cherkaoui T-E.|year=2012|title=Seismicity and Seismic Hazard in Morocco 1901–2010|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260941434|journal=Bulletin de l'Institut Scientifique, Rabat, section Sciences de la Terre|volume=34|pages=45–55|access-date=8 September 2023|archive-date=29 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229163356/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260941434_Seismicity_and_Seismic_Hazard_in_Morocco_1901-2010|url-status=live}} In 2004, the coastal province of Al Hoceima was struck by a magnitude 6.3 earthquake that left 628 people dead and 926 injured. In nearby Algeria, magnitude 7.3 earthquake occurred in 1980 that killed 2,500 people.
The Atlas Mountains are an intracontinental mountain belt that extends {{cvt|2,000|km}} from Morocco to Tunisia. These mountains formed from a collision during the Cenozoic. The mountain range reaches its highest elevation to the west, in Morocco.{{cite journal|last1=Timoulali|first1=Youssef|last2=Nacer|first2=Jabour|last3=Youssef|first3=Hahou|last4=Mimoun|first4=Chourak|title=Lithospheric structure in NW of Africa: Case of the Moroccan Atlas Mountains|journal=Geodesy and Geodynamics|year=2015|volume=6|issue=6|pages=397–408|doi=10.1016/j.geog.2015.12.003|bibcode=2015G&G.....6..397T|doi-access=free}} The High Atlas, a subrange, formed when an ancient Triassic rift was reactivated. However rather than resuming the rifting process, the reactivation compressed the rift due to the collision in the north.{{cite news|title=Large earthquake in Morocco|url=https://www.gfz-potsdam.de/en/press/news/details/starkes-erdbeben-in-marokko|access-date=16 September 2023|agency=GEOFON Program GFZ Potsdam|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=16 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916160918/https://www.gfz-potsdam.de/en/press/news/details/starkes-erdbeben-in-marokko|url-status=live}} Due to the unusually high topography of the Atlas range, mantle upwelling may have played a role in its orogeny. The crust beneath the Atlas range from {{cvt|32-40|km}}, considered thin and physically impossibe to support high elevations exceeding {{cvt|4,000|m}}. Typically, a crustal thickness of {{cvt|50|km}} is required, hence mantle upwelling raises the overlying crust.{{cite journal|last1=Huang|first1=Kai|last2=Wei|first2=Guoguang|last3=Chen|first3=Kejie|last4=Zhang|first4=Naiqian|last5=Li|first5=Mingjia|last6=Zilio|first6=Luca Dal|title=The 2023 Mw 6.8 Morocco Earthquake: A Lower Crust Event Triggered by Mantle Upwelling?|journal=Geophysical Research Letters|year=2024|volume=51|issue=12|doi=10.1029/2024GL109052|doi-access=free|bibcode=2024GeoRL..5109052H |hdl=20.500.11850/679537|hdl-access=free}}
The seismicity of Morocco is concentrated in its northern region and the Alboran Sea. South of the Rif, seismic activity is sparse but widely distributed across the Middle Atlas, High Atlas, and Anti-Atlas. Seismicity in the Saharan Atlas is limited, and is absent in the Saharan region south of the belt; it is also less active eastwards in Algeria and Tunisia. Previously, the largest earthquake recorded in the Atlas Mountains was a {{M|w}} 5.9 earthquake that struck Agadir in 1960. Earthquakes in the Atlas Mountains display focal mechanisms of strike-slip, thrust or a combination of both (oblique-slip).{{cite journal|last1=Sébrier|first1=Michel|last2=Siame|first2=Lionel Louis|last3=Zouine|first3=El Mostafa|last4=Winter|first4=Thierry|last5=Morel|first5=Jean-Luc|last6=Missenard|first6=Yves|last7=Leturmy|first7=Pascale|title=Active tectonics in the Moroccan High Atlas|url=https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.1016/j.crte.2005.12.001/|journal=Comptes Rendus Geoscience|doi=10.1016/j.crte.2005.12.001|pages=65–79|issue=1–2|volume=338|year=2006|bibcode=2006CRGeo.338...65S|access-date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909203548/https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.1016/j.crte.2005.12.001/|url-status=live}}
Earthquake
{{multiple image
| header = {{M|w}}6.8 earthquake at 22:11 UTC
| width = 200px
| image1 = M 6.8 - Morocco ShakeMap 8 Sept 2023.jpg
| alt1 = A strong ground motion map of the mainshock
| caption1 = Strong ground motion map
| image2 = Atlas Mountains, Morocco magnitude 6.8 earthquake (11 10 PM, 8 September 2023) 2 (53174496053).png
| alt2 = Seismogram of the Mww 6.8 earthquake
| caption2 = Seismogram
}}
{{maplink|frame=yes|frame-align=right|frame-width=260|frame-height=190|from=2023 Marrakesh-Safi earthquake.map|frame-latitude=31.2|frame-longitude=-8.2|zoom=6|text=Main shock and aftershocks in Al Haouz Province, Marrakesh-Safi region – M 2.0 or greater (map data)}}
Measuring {{M|w}} 6.9 at a depth of {{cvt|19|km}},{{citation|title=Global CMT Catalog Search|url=https://www.globalcmt.org/cgi-bin/globalcmt-cgi-bin/CMT5/form?itype=ymd&yr=2023&mo=9&day=8&oyr=2023&omo=9&oday=9&jyr=1976&jday=1&ojyr=1976&ojday=1&otype=nd&nday=1&lmw=6&umw=10&lms=0&ums=10&lmb=0&umb=10&llat=-90&ulat=90&llon=-180&ulon=180&lhd=0&uhd=1000<s=-9999&uts=9999&lpe1=0&upe1=90&lpe2=0&upe2=90&list=0|type=Data set|access-date=9 September 2023|publisher=Global Centroid Moment Tensor|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909125121/https://www.globalcmt.org/cgi-bin/globalcmt-cgi-bin/CMT5/form?itype=ymd&yr=2023&mo=9&day=8&oyr=2023&omo=9&oday=9&jyr=1976&jday=1&ojyr=1976&ojday=1&otype=nd&nday=1&lmw=6&umw=10&lms=0&ums=10&lmb=0&umb=10&llat=-90&ulat=90&llon=-180&ulon=180&lhd=0&uhd=1000<s=-9999&uts=9999&lpe1=0&upe1=90&lpe2=0&upe2=90&list=0|url-status=live}}{{cite web|author1=National Earthquake Information Center|title=M 6.8 – Al Haouz, Morocco|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000kufc/executive|publisher=United States Geological Survey|access-date=8 September 2023|date=8 September 2023|archive-date=8 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230908223113/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000kufc/executive|url-status=live}} it is the strongest earthquake recorded by a seismograph with an epicenter in Morocco.{{citation|title=ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1904–2018)|url=http://www.isc.ac.uk/iscgem/index.php|author=ISC|year=2022|publisher=International Seismological Centre|series=Version 9.1|access-date=8 September 2023|archive-date=25 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161125091901/http://www.isc.ac.uk/iscgem/index.php|url-status=live}}{{cite journal|last1=Poujol|first1=A.|last2=Ritz|first2=J.-F.|last3=Vernant|first3=P.|last4=Huot|first4=S.|last5=Maate|first5=S.|last6=Tahayt|first6=A.|title=Which fault destroyed Fes city (Morocco) in 1755? A new insight from the Holocene deformations observed along the southern border of Gibraltar arc|journal=Tectonophysics|year=2017|volume=712–713|pages=303–311|doi=10.1016/j.tecto.2017.05.036|bibcode=2017Tectp.712..303P}} Morocco's seismic agency reported a {{M|wp|link=y}} of 7.2 and focal depth of {{cvt|8|km|mi}}.{{cite web|title=Morocco's powerful earthquake: What we know so far|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/9/moroccos-powerful-earthquake-what-we-know-so-far|publisher=Al Jazeera|access-date=9 September 2023|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909105130/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/9/moroccos-powerful-earthquake-what-we-know-so-far|url-status=live}}{{cite news|title=المعهد الوطني للجيوفيزياء يصدر تقريرا حول شدةالزلزال واختلافها من منطقة الى اخرى|trans-title=The National Institute of Geophysics issues a report on the intensity of the earthquake and its difference from one region to another|url=https://2m.ma/ar/news/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%8A%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-20230909|access-date=12 September 2023|agency=2M|date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911093922/https://2m.ma/ar/news/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%8A%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-20230909|archive-date=11 September 2023|language=ar}} The tremors were detected by monitoring stations as far away as Egypt.{{cite news|url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/1234/508043/Egypt/Foreign-Affairs/Egypt-extends-condolences-to-Morocco-after-devasta.aspx|title=Egypt extends condolences to Morocco after devastating earthquake|work=Al-Ahram|date=9 September 2023|access-date=9 September 2023|archive-date=15 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915064005/https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/1234/508043/Egypt/Foreign-Affairs/Egypt-extends-condolences-to-Morocco-after-devasta.aspx|url-status=live}}
=Mechanism=
{{see also|Earthquake rupture|Fault mechanics}}
The earthquake had a focal mechanism indicating oblique-thrust faulting beneath the High Atlas. The rupture occurred on a steep-dipping oblique-reverse fault striking northwest or a shallow-dipping oblique-reverse fault striking east. The USGS estimated the fault rupture area to be {{cvt|30|km}} by {{cvt|25|km}} on an east-northeast striking, north–northwest dipping fault. Slip was generally observed at {{cvt|15|km}} to {{cvt|35|km}} depth, but mostly concentrated around the hypocentre within an elliptical slip patch {{cvt|30|km}} long by {{cvt|25|km}} wide. A maximum displacement of {{cvt|1.9|m}} was observed at {{cvt|25|km}} depth while there was little to no slip above {{cvt|15|km}} depth. Many east-west and northeast–southwest strike-slip and thrust faults occur in the High Atlas. Since 1900, there has not been a {{M|w}} 6.0 or larger earthquake within {{cvt|500|km}} of the recent earthquake's epicenter; but nine {{M|w}} 5.0 and larger events have occurred to its east. In another finite fault model published by Italy's National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology, the focal depth was determined at {{cvt|24.7|km}} beneath the High Atlas. The focal mechanism of this model displayed reverse and left-lateral faulting. Slip occurred in an elliptical area along an east-northeast–west-southwest trending fault dipping 69° north–northwest. A peak slip of {{cvt|2|m}} occurred at {{cvt|23.3|km}}.{{cite web|title=Earthquake with magnitude of Mwp 6.8 on date 09-09-2023 and time 00:11:00 (Italy) in region Morocco|url=http://terremoti.ingv.it/en/finitesource_summary/36092321|publisher=National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology|access-date=18 October 2023|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=17 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017142242/http://terremoti.ingv.it/en/finitesource_summary/36092321|url-status=live}}
Geodetic modeling suggests the earthquake originated from within the lower crust and ruptured up to the middle crust. The deeper depth and greater remoteness from populated areas compared to the earthquake that struck Agadir in 1960 meant it caused fewer casualties and damage. The range of depth where slip occurred is unusually deep for crustal earthquakes as they tend to occur shallower than {{cvt|15|km}} depth.{{cite news|author1=Seismological Society of America|title=Morocco earthquake had unusual deep slip, according to new modeling|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/12/231215015452.htm|access-date=18 December 2023|agency=ScienceDaily|date=15 December 2023|archive-date=17 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217224431/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/12/231215015452.htm|url-status=live}} Fluid and magma associated with the mantle plume beneath the High Atlas may have intruded via a fault and pervade across, bringing it closer to rupture.
No surface faulting occurred hence the causative fault responsible could not be identified, however the focal mechanism suggests rupture on a steep north-dipping plane or shallow south-dipping plane. The USGS finite fault is aligned with the former solution. Two dominant shallow-dipping thrust systems, the North and South Atlas faults, occur in the western High Atlas. Their fault geometries contradict that of the USGS finite fault's preferred steep-dipping plane. Other unmapped faults within the range, including the Tizi n'Test Fault, have surface projections that match closer to the USGS finite fault. If the rupture occurred on the shallow south-dipping plane, a possible source is a low-angle detachment beneath the High Atlas. Geologists have previously interpreted low-angle faults in the region in past studies. For the steep north-dipping plane, the possible source are unmapped or blind thrust faults.{{cite journal|last1=William L. Yeck; Alexandra E. Hatem; Dara E. Goldberg; William D. Barnhart; Jessica A. Thompson Jobe; David R. Shelly; Antonio Villaseñor; Harley M. Benz; Paul S. Earle|title=Rapid Source Characterization of the 2023 6.8 Al Haouz, Morocco, Earthquake|journal=The Seismic Record|year=2023|volume=3|issue=4|pages=357–366|doi=10.1785/0320230040|doi-access=free|bibcode=2023SeisR...3..357Y|hdl=10261/347965|hdl-access=free}} The Tizi n'Test Fault, a north-dipping fault where no recent activity has been recorded, may be a possible source of the earthquake. Cornell University geologist Judith Hubbard said the fault was active 300 million years ago during the formation of Pangaea and later, its fragmentation. Ancient faults, such as the Tizi n'Test Fault, create zones of strain within the crust and could reactivate, such as the case in Morocco.{{cite news|last1=Wei-Haas|first1=Maya|title=Satellite Data Yields Clues to Morocco's 'Blind Earthquake'|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/12/science/morocco-earthquake-satellite-fault.html|access-date=16 September 2023|date=12 September 2023|archive-date=15 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915234314/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/12/science/morocco-earthquake-satellite-fault.html|url-status=live}}
=Ground effects=
Vertical movement of the land surface detected by repeat observations of the Sentinel-1 satellite is consistent with movement on a blind thrust fault dipping north.{{Cite news|last=Amos|first=Jonathan|date=11 September 2023|title=Morocco earthquake movement mapped from space|publisher=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-66777912|access-date=12 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912012149/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-66777912|url-status=live}} An analysis of satellite data obtained from Daichi-2 by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan revealed a {{cvt|20|cm}} surface uplift around the epicenter and {{cvt|7|cm}} of subsidence to the south. Surface deformation was observed around the epicenter across a {{cvt|50|km}} area trending east–west, and {{cvt|100|km}} trending north–south.{{cite news|title=Morocco quake pushed land up by 20 centimeters|url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20230915_38/|access-date=17 September 2023|agency=NHK World-Japan|date=15 September 2023|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918093442/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20230915_38/|url-status=live}}
According to the United States Geological Survey's PAGER service, the earthquake had a maximum Modified Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). Intensity VIII (Severe) shaking was felt by approximately 157,000 residents, including the town of Azgour and villages surrounding the Atlas Mountains. Intensity VII (Very Strong) shaking was felt by over 811,000 people, with intensity VI (Strong) shaking felt by 3.2 million residents, including in the cities of Marrakesh, Taroudant and Ouarzazate. Shaking of intensity V (Moderate) was felt in Agadir, Beni Mellal, and Safi, with intensity IV (Light) shaking being felt in Casablanca.{{cite web|title=Loss PAGER: M 6.8, Al Haouz, Morocco|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/product/losspager/us7000kufc/us/1697773474042/onepager.pdf|publisher=United States Geological Survey|access-date=20 October 2023|date=20 October 2023|archive-date=31 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031091608/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/product/losspager/us7000kufc/us/1697773474042/onepager.pdf|url-status=live}} According to the European-Mediterranean Seismological Centre, it was also felt in Portugal, Spain, Mauritania, Algeria, Western Sahara and along the coast of the Strait of Gibraltar.{{Cite web|date=8 September 2023|title=مركز رصد الزلازل الأوروبي: 6 دول تأثرت من زلزال المغرب.. بينها دول عربية|trans-title=European Seismological Center: 6 countries were affected by the Moroccan earthquake, including Arab countries|url=https://www.elwatannews.com/news/details/6791746|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909042101/https://www.elwatannews.com/news/details/6791746|archive-date=9 September 2023|access-date=9 September 2023|website=El Watan News|language=ar}}
Damage and casualties
{{see also|Moroccan architecture#Constructions methods and materials}}
File:ECDM 20230914 EQ Morocco.pdf]]
At least 2,960 people died and 5,674 were injured;{{cite news|title=أعداد قتلى زلزال الحوز تبلغ 2960 شخصا|trans-title=The death toll from the Al Haouz earthquake is 2,960 people|url=https://www.tanja7.com/127552/|access-date=27 September 2023|agency=Tanja7|date=27 September 2023|language=ar|archive-date=27 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927163504/https://www.tanja7.com/127552/|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357672/al-haouz-earthquake-death-toll-climbs-to-2946-with-5674-injured|title=Al Haouz Earthquake: Death Toll Climbs to 2946, with 5674 Injured|access-date=12 September 2023|first=Jihane|last=Rahhou|agency=Morocco World News|date=13 September 2023|archive-date=14 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914050633/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357672/al-haouz-earthquake-death-toll-climbs-to-2946-with-5674-injured|url-status=live}} including over 2,500 other who were seriously injured.{{cite news|title=Morocco Earthquake: Situation Report #2 (September 14, 2023)|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/morocco/morocco-earthquake-situation-report-2-september-14-2023|publisher=ReliefWeb|author=International Medical Corps|access-date=15 September 2023|date=14 September 2023|archive-date=16 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916160919/https://reliefweb.int/report/morocco/morocco-earthquake-situation-report-2-september-14-2023|url-status=live}} Many fatalities occurred in remote locations south of Marrakesh.{{cite news|date=9 September 2023|title=At least 100 feared dead after earthquake rocks Morocco|work=The Daily Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/09/09/morocco-earthquake-rabat-marrakech-deaths/|url-status=live|access-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909042610/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/09/09/morocco-earthquake-rabat-marrakech-deaths/|archive-date=9 September 2023}} In Al-Haouz and Taroudant provinces, the death toll stood at 1,684 and 980, respectively.{{cite news|title=زلزال الحوز .. دفنUpdated toll of Morocco earthquake: 2,862 dead and 2,562 wounded|url=https://www.assahifa.com/english/morocco/updated-toll-of-morocco-earthquake-2862-dead-and-2562-wounded/|access-date=11 September 2023|agency=Assahifa|date=11 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912063232/https://www.assahifa.com/english/morocco/updated-toll-of-morocco-earthquake-2862-dead-and-2562-wounded/|url-status=live}} Forty-one people died in Ouarzazate;{{cite news|last1=Kasraoui|first1=Safaa|title=Morocco's Earthquake Death Toll Jumps to 2,497 Victims|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357612/moroccos-earthquake-death-toll-jumps-to-2-497-victims|access-date=11 September 2023|agency=Morocco World News|date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909230025/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357584/earthquake-in-morocco-number-of-deaths-reaches-2-012|archive-date=9 September 2023}} 400 in Taroudant;{{cite news|last1=Orie|first1=Amarachi|title=What we know about the Morocco earthquake|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/09/09/africa/morocco-earthquake-what-we-know-intl/index.html|access-date=9 September 2023|publisher=CNN|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909232123/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/09/09/africa/morocco-earthquake-what-we-know-intl/index.html|url-status=live}} 202 in Chichaoua; 100 in Douzrou;{{cite news|title=Race against time to find survivors 4 days after Morocco quake|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/world/race-against-time-find-survivors-4-days-after-morocco-quake-3763501|access-date=13 September 2023|agency=Agence France-Presse|publisher=Channel NewsAsia|date=13 September 2023|archive-date=13 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913072552/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/world/race-against-time-find-survivors-4-days-after-morocco-quake-3763501|url-status=live}} 40 in Moulay Brahim; 30 in Ouirgane;{{cite news|title=Morocco earthquake: One community's search for its last victim|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66785729|access-date=12 September 2023|publisher=BBC|date=12 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912190924/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66785729|url-status=live}} 15 in Tinmel;{{cite news|title=Hopes fade for survivors as Morocco quake toll passes 2,800|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/11/hopes-fade-for-survivors-as-morocco-quake-toll-surpasses-2800|access-date=12 September 2023|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=11 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912190923/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/11/hopes-fade-for-survivors-as-morocco-quake-toll-surpasses-2800|url-status=live}} 36 in Anerni;{{cite news |last1=Altozano |first1=Manuel |title=At the epicenter of the earthquake, anger grows at lack of response: 'People are pulling stones out with their bare hands' |url=https://english.elpais.com/international/2023-09-12/at-the-epicenter-of-the-earthquake-anger-grows-at-lack-of-response-people-are-pulling-stones-out-with-their-bare-hands.html |access-date=13 December 2024 |work=El Pais |date=21 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224021849/https://english.elpais.com/international/2023-09-12/at-the-epicenter-of-the-earthquake-anger-grows-at-lack-of-response-people-are-pulling-stones-out-with-their-bare-hands.html |archive-date=24 February 2024}} 22 in Tinzart;{{cite news|last=Hammoush|first=Ahmed|title=Tenzirt, a village wiped off the map by Morocco's earthquake|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/14/tenzirt-a-village-wiped-off-the-map-by-moroccos-earthquake|access-date=14 September 2023|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=14 September 2023|archive-date=14 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914105629/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/14/tenzirt-a-village-wiped-off-the-map-by-moroccos-earthquake|url-status=live}} and 18 died in Marrakesh.{{cite news|title=Morocco's Earthquake Death Toll Jumps to 2,497 Victims|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357612/moroccos-earthquake-death-toll-jumps-to-2-497-victims|access-date=11 September 2023|agency=Morocco World News|date=11 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912063235/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357612/moroccos-earthquake-death-toll-jumps-to-2-497-victims|url-status=live}} Deaths also occurred in Casablanca, Agadir and Youssoufia.{{cite news|last1=Kasraoui|first1=Safaa|title=Earthquake Death Toll Jumps to 2,681 in Morocco|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357620/earthquake-death-toll-jumps-to-2-681-in-morocco|access-date=11 September 2023|agency=Morocco World News|date=11 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912063235/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357620/earthquake-death-toll-jumps-to-2-681-in-morocco|url-status=live}} Four French and a British national were among the fatalities.{{cite news|title=British charity cyclist among dead in Morocco earthquake|url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/article/british-charity-cyclist-among-dead-in-morocco-earthquake-jzwdw9pgs|access-date=22 September 2023|work=The Times|archive-date=23 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230923115647/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/british-charity-cyclist-among-dead-in-morocco-earthquake-jzwdw9pgs|url-status=live}} Fifteen French nationals and some Americans were injured.{{cite news |title=4 French nationals die in Morocco earthquake, with 15 injured |url=https://en.hespress.com/70742-4-french-nationals-die-in-morocco-earthquake-with-15-injured.html |publisher=Hespress |access-date=13 December 2024 |date=10 September 2023}}{{Cite news|date=9 September 2023|title=Morocco earthquake kills more than 800, devastates historic sites: Live updates|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/live-blog/morocco-earthquake-kills-600-devastates-historic-sites-live-updates-rcna104208|access-date=9 September 2023|publisher=NBC News|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909094802/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/live-blog/morocco-earthquake-kills-600-devastates-historic-sites-live-updates-rcna104208|url-status=live}} At least 40,759 houses and 2,930 villages{{cite news|title=Morocco earthquake affected 2.8 million people, says minister|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/morocco-earthquake-affected-28-million-people-says-minister-2023-09-22/|work=Reuters|date=22 September 2023|access-date=24 September 2023|archive-date=28 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928144616/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/morocco-earthquake-affected-28-million-people-says-minister-2023-09-22/|url-status=live}} were damaged; 19,095 additional houses collapsed. At least 585 schools were damaged, seven teachers died and 39 others were injured. More than 18,000 families were affected in Al-Haouz alone.{{cite news|title=Search for the missing continues as Morocco reels from tragic quake|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/10/search-for-the-missing-continues-as-morocco-reels-from-tragic-quake|access-date=11 September 2023|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=10 September 2023|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910220333/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/10/search-for-the-missing-continues-as-morocco-reels-from-tragic-quake|url-status=live}} One person was injured by rockfalls in Imi N'Tala following an aftershock on 13 September.{{Cite news|trans-title=Morocco earthquake: Aftershocks prompt rescue teams to flee|title=زلزال المغرب: هزات ارتدادية تدفع فرق الإنقاذ إلى الهروب|url=https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/c1v621vd9g3o|date=14 September 2023|access-date=14 September 2023|publisher=BBC News|language=ar|archive-date=15 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915012231/https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/c1v621vd9g3o|url-status=live}}
The earthquake caused $7 billion in damage;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/10705|title=National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database|publisher=NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information|doi=10.7289/V5TD9V7K|access-date=26 January 2024|author=NOAA|year=1972|archive-date=26 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240126221108/https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/10705|url-status=live}} the direct economic loss of $308 million represented 0.24% of the nation's GDP. The majority of damage occurred in Marrakesh and five provinces around the epicenter. Near the epicenter, at Amizmiz, damage was reported throughout, and rescuers used their hands to sort through debris.{{cite news|title=Morocco earthquake latest: UK team deployed to help rescue – as CCTV shows moment earthquake struck|url=https://news.sky.com/story/morocco-earthquake-latest-number-of-deaths-expected-to-rise-after-powerful-quake-strikes-as-aftershocks-reported-12957790|access-date=11 September 2023|publisher=Sky News|date=11 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909203545/https://news.sky.com/story/morocco-earthquake-latest-number-of-deaths-expected-to-rise-after-powerful-quake-strikes-as-aftershocks-reported-12957790|url-status=live}} Nearly all of the 50 traditional houses in the village of Majat were destroyed and dozens of people died.{{cite news|title="زلزال الحوز" يدمر قرى جبلية في جماعة أداسيل .. فواجع وأطلال وأوجاع|url=https://www.hespress.com/%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B2-%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B1-%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%89-%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A3%D8%AF-1229332.html/|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=Hespress|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909203546/https://www.hespress.com/%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B2-%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B1-%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%89-%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A3%D8%AF-1229332.html|url-status=live}} Ninety-percent of houses in Asni were destroyed,{{cite news|title=الزلزال يقطع الكهرماء والطرق عن "آسني"|url=https://www.hespress.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%82-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%86%D9%8A-1229220.html|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=Hespress|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909204046/https://www.hespress.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%82-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%86%D9%8A-1229220.html|url-status=live}} while in Essaouira, building's facades toppled.{{cite news|title=At least 34 people reported dead in Morocco quake|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230909-at-least-34-people-reported-dead-in-morocco-quake|access-date=9 September 2023|publisher=France 24|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909043726/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230909-at-least-34-people-reported-dead-in-morocco-quake|url-status=live}}
Some homes in the older districts of Marrakesh and parts of the city walls collapsed;{{cite news|trans-title=Buildings collapse, including the minaret of a mosque, in Marrakesh following the earthquake (photos)|title=انهيار مباني بينها صومعة مسجد في مراكش إثر الهزة الأرضية (صور)|url=https://alyaoum24.com/1833009.html|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=Alyaoum24|date=9 September 2023|language=ar|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909042602/https://alyaoum24.com/1833009.html|url-status=live}} at Jemaa el-Fnaa, a minaret of the Kharboush Mosque and parts of its walls collapsed onto vehicles.{{cite news|title=انهيار صومعة مسجد بمراكش بفعل الهزة الأرضية القوية (صور)|trans-title=The Collapse of the Minaret of a Mosque in Marrakesh Due to the Strong Earthquake (Photos)|url=https://rue20.com/742522.html|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=Rue20|date=9 September 2023|language=ar|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909043141/https://rue20.com/742522.html|url-status=live}} Damage also occurred at the Kutubiyya Mosque while several historic buildings in the Medina of Marrakesh also collapsed.{{cite news|date=9 September 2023|title=Earthquake in Morocco has killed dozens of people, officials say|publisher=Sky News|url=https://news.sky.com/story/earthquake-in-morocco-has-killed-dozens-of-people-officials-say-12957757|url-status=live|access-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909033809/https://news.sky.com/story/earthquake-in-morocco-has-killed-dozens-of-people-officials-say-12957757|archive-date=9 September 2023}} A tower of the Tinmel Mosque partially collapsed and the surrounding walls fell.{{cite news|title=Morocco earthquake damages historic mountain mosque|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/morocco-earthquake-damages-historic-mountain-mosque|access-date=10 September 2023|agency=Reuters|work=The Straits Times|date=10 September 2023|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910132523/https://www.straitstimes.com/world/morocco-earthquake-damages-historic-mountain-mosque|url-status=live}}
The towns of Tafeghaghte,{{cite news|title=Race to find survivors as Morocco earthquake toll passes 2,000|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/9/race-to-find-survivors-as-morocco-earthquake-toll-passes-1300|access-date=10 September 2023|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=10 September 2023|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910103902/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/9/race-to-find-survivors-as-morocco-earthquake-toll-passes-1300|url-status=live}} Adassil and Imlil, and nearby villages surrounding Mount Toubkal were destroyed or severely damaged.{{cite news|title=Earthquake devastates Moroccan town|url=https://news.sky.com/video/earthquake-devastates-moroccan-town-12958110|access-date=9 September 2023|publisher=Sky News|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909204047/https://news.sky.com/video/earthquake-devastates-moroccan-town-12958110|url-status=live}}{{cite news|date=9 September 2023|title=الزلزال المدمر يأتي على قرية بأكملها بمنطقة إمليل(فيديو)|language=ar|trans-title=The devastating earthquake strikes an entire village in the Imlil region (video)|agency=Akhbarona|url=https://www.akhbarona.com/society/373495.html|url-status=live|access-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909204047/https://www.akhbarona.com/society/373495.html|archive-date=9 September 2023}} An estimated 200 homes were destroyed in Ijoukak{{cite news|last=Metz|first=Sam|title=Powerful quake in Morocco kills more than 2,000 people and damages historic buildings in Marrakech|url=https://apnews.com/article/morocco-earthquake-marraskesh-7f4a503009dede0dec0208c08d6b100b|access-date=9 September 2023|work=Associated Press News|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=2 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240902070429/https://apnews.com/article/morocco-earthquake-marraskesh-7f4a503009dede0dec0208c08d6b100b|url-status=live}} and between 80 and 100 residents, around half of its population, were killed.{{cite news|last=Speakman Cordall|first=Simon|title=In a Marrakesh hospital, Morocco's quake survivors ponder what comes next|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/13/in-marrakesh-hospital-morroco-quake-survivors-ponder-what-comes-next|access-date=14 September 2023|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=14 September 2023|archive-date=13 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913231253/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/13/in-marrakesh-hospital-morroco-quake-survivors-ponder-what-comes-next|url-status=live}} In Tafeghaghte, a village of 200 residents, 90 died and many remained missing.{{cite news|last1=Cuddy|first1=Alice|title=Morocco earthquake latest news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/world-africa-66771590|access-date=11 September 2023|publisher=BBC|date=11 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912190933/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-africa-66771590|url-status=live}} The village of Ighil, near the epicenter, was also severely damaged, however only one injury occurred, as nearly all of the village's residents were attending an outdoor wedding at the time of the earthquake.{{cite news|title=Wedding party saves residents of Moroccan village from quake|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global/2023/sep/12/wedding-party-saves-village-residents-moroccan-earthquake|work=The Guardian|date=12 September 2023|access-date=10 February 2024}} In Adassil, 32 students from the same school were killed.{{cite news|last=Farag|first=Yasmin|title=Morocco earthquake: The teacher who lost all 32 of her pupils|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66818257|access-date=16 September 2023|publisher=BBC|date=15 September 2023|archive-date=16 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916004545/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66818257|url-status=live}} Outside Agadir, in the villages of Taqi and Tadrart, many homes were destroyed.{{cite news|title=زلزال الجمعة يهدم عشرات المنازل في بلدتي "تقّي" "وتدرارت" ضواحي أكادير|trans-title=Friday's earthquake demolished dozens of homes in the towns of Taqi and Tadrart, on the outskirts of Agadir|url=https://lakome2.com/societe/317201/|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=Lakome2|date=9 September 2023|language=ar|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909204048/https://lakome2.com/societe/317201/|url-status=live}} At least 70 people died in the village of Imi N'Tala.{{cite news|title=Scale of disaster on stark display as Morocco's remote villages are progressively reached|url=https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/12/scale-of-disaster-on-stark-display-as-moroccos-remote-villages-are-progressively-reached/|access-date=12 September 2023|agency=Africanews|date=12 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912190926/https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/12/scale-of-disaster-on-stark-display-as-moroccos-remote-villages-are-progressively-reached/|url-status=live}} In the city of Taroudant, several old or historic districts were badly damaged.{{cite news|title=وهبي : عدد من القرى التي ضربها الزلزال اختفت نهائيا|trans-title=Wehbe: A number of villages struck by the earthquake disappeared completely|url=https://ar.hibapress.com/details-462740.html|access-date=10 September 2023|agency=Heba Press|date=10 September 2023|language=ar|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910021620/https://ar.hibapress.com/details-462740.html|url-status=live}} The condition in Tinzart was described as "one giant pile of rubble".{{cite news|last=Kottasová|first=Ivana|title=This entire village was wiped out 'in just 10 seconds' in Morocco's devastating earthquake|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/09/12/africa/morocco-earthquake-village-atlas-mountains/index.html|access-date=14 September 2023|publisher=CNN|date=14 September 2023|archive-date=14 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914015040/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/09/12/africa/morocco-earthquake-village-atlas-mountains/index.html|url-status=live}}
File:Damages in Marrakesh 1.jpg|
File:Damages in Moulay Brahim 05.jpg|
File:Damages in Moulay Brahim 01.jpg|
File:Damages in Moulay Brahim 08.jpg|
File:Damages in Moulay Brahim 06.jpg|
Search and rescue
File:Damaged Tinmal Mosque 14.jpg
People in Marrakesh removed rubble by hand while awaiting heavy equipment. Many residents remained outdoors for fear of another earthquake. Posts on social media showed people evacuating a shopping centre, restaurants and apartment buildings.{{cite news|last1=Eljechtimi|first1=Ahmed|title=Powerful earthquake hits Morocco causing deaths, damage|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2023/09/09/powerful-68-magnitude-earthquake-strikes-morocco-some-damage-reported|access-date=9 September 2023|work=The Star|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909044246/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2023/09/09/powerful-68-magnitude-earthquake-strikes-morocco-some-damage-reported|url-status=live}} Residents of the city spent the first three nights outdoors;{{cite news|title=Moroccans sleep in the streets for 3rd night following an earthquake that took more than 2,100 lives|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/09/11/morocco-earthquake-latest-updates.html|access-date=11 September 2023|agency=Associated Press|publisher=CNBC News|date=11 September 2023|archive-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911183949/https://www.cnbc.com/2023/09/11/morocco-earthquake-latest-updates.html|url-status=live}} filling up roundabouts, car parks and a public square.{{cite news|last1=Beake|first1=Nick|title=Morocco earthquake: Mountain villages plunged into grief|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66766314|access-date=10 September 2023|publisher=BBC News|date=10 September 2023|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910013208/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-66766314|url-status=live}} Some businesses in the city reopened on 10 September as King Mohammed VI recommended commercial operations to continue.{{cite news|last1=Sam|first1=Metz|last2=Elshamy|first2=Mosa'ab|title=In ancient cities and mountain towns, rescuers seek survivors from Morocco's quake of the century|url=https://apnews.com/article/morocco-powerful-earthquake-marrakech-a927c7d286bf6e1047feb1c91ab96fd1|access-date=10 September 2023|work=Associated Press News|date=10 September 2023|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910103902/https://apnews.com/article/morocco-powerful-earthquake-marrakech-a927c7d286bf6e1047feb1c91ab96fd1|url-status=live}} Unsafe portions of the city were sealed off by officials while tourists and locals continued to move about.{{cite news|last1=Seese|first1=Bethell|title=The Devastating Morocco Earthquake: 78 Hours On|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357607/the-devastating-morocco-earthquake-78-hours-on|access-date=11 September 2023|agency=Morocco World News|date=11 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912063235/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357607/the-devastating-morocco-earthquake-78-hours-on|url-status=live}} In the capital, Rabat, {{cvt|350|km}} north of the epicenter, and at Imsouane, a coastal town, residents left their homes.{{cite news|title=At least 296 dead, 153 injured after powerful earthquake hits Morocco|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/powerful-earthquake-hits-morocco-causing-deaths-damage|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=Reuters|work=The Straits Times|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909044246/https://www.straitstimes.com/world/powerful-earthquake-hits-morocco-causing-deaths-damage|url-status=live}}
The General Secretary of the Directorate General of Internal Affairs said officials and security teams assembled resources to supply aid and assess damage.{{cite news|last1=Kasraoui|first1=Safaa|title=Preliminary Data: Earthquake in Morocco Kills at Least 296 People|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357557/preliminary-data-earthquake-in-morocco-kills-at-least-296-people|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=Morocco World News|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909042728/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357557/preliminary-data-earthquake-in-morocco-kills-at-least-296-people|url-status=live}} The Moroccan army cleared one of the main roads to the worst-affected areas, allowing vital assistance to reach people. In Salé, trucks carried blankets, camp beds and lighting devices to the affected areas. Semi-trailers also carried supplies to reach these areas.{{cite news|title=Earthquake: Morocco Launches Operation to Deliver Aid to Disaster Areas|url=https://www.mapnews.ma/en/actualites/general/earthquake-morocco-launches-operation-deliver-aid-disaster-areas|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=Maghreb Arabe Press|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909204048/https://www.mapnews.ma/en/actualites/general/earthquake-morocco-launches-operation-deliver-aid-disaster-areas|url-status=live}} Local channel 2M shared videos of emergency vehicles travelling along a dirt road.{{cite news|last1=Ives|first1=Mike|title=At Least 296 Killed as Strong Quake Strikes Morocco, Military Says|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/08/world/africa/morocco-earthquake-marrakesh.html|access-date=8 September 2023|work=The New York Times|date=8 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909010611/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/08/world/africa/morocco-earthquake-marrakesh.html|url-status=live}} Rescue missions were disrupted as the roads through the mountainous region were congested with vehicles and fallen rocks.{{cite news|date=9 September 2023|title=At least 630 dead as powerful earthquake hits Morocco near Marrekesh|publisher=Al Jazeera|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/8/powerful-6-8-magnitude-earthquake-rattles-morocco?traffic_source=KeepReading|url-status=live|access-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909105100/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/8/powerful-6-8-magnitude-earthquake-rattles-morocco?traffic_source=KeepReading|archive-date=9 September 2023}} Collapsed buildings made from traditional mud brick, stone and rough wood complicated lowered the chances of survival as these materials disintegrated and amalgamated. The amalgamated rubble left limited air pockets for those trapped.{{cite news|title=Morocco's mud brick housing makes hunt for earthquake survivors harder|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/moroccos-mud-brick-housing-makes-hunt-for-earthquake-survivors-harder|access-date=12 September 2023|agency=Reuters|work=The Straits Times|date=12 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912064236/https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/moroccos-mud-brick-housing-makes-hunt-for-earthquake-survivors-harder|url-status=live}} In Al-Haouz Province, rocks were removed from roads to enable ambulances and aid to reach the affected areas. A highway in the Atlas Mountains, congested with ambulances, taxis and Red Cross members, was used to treat the injured; the severely wounded were transported to a hospital in Marrakesh. In remote areas that were difficult to access, the Royal Moroccan Armed Forces used helicopters to supply basic needs.{{cite news|title=عناصر القوات الملكية المسلحة المغربية تكثف من جهودها لإعانة ضحايا الهزة الأرضية بواسطة المروحيات|trans-title=Members of the Royal Moroccan Armed Forces intensify their efforts to assist earthquake victims by helicopter|url=https://fesnews.net/469634/2023/09/09/|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=Fez News Media|date=9 September 2023|language=ar|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909232125/https://fesnews.net/469634/2023/09/09/|url-status=live}} The Moroccan Health Ministry mobilized more than 2,000 doctors and nurses to respond to the earthquake.{{cite news|title=Morocco earthquake: volunteer doctors mobilized in devastated regions|url=https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/18/morocco-earthquake-volunteer-doctors-mobilized-in-devastated-region/|access-date=18 September 2023|work=Africanews|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918231848/https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/18/morocco-earthquake-volunteer-doctors-mobilized-in-devastated-region/|url-status=live}}
There was a surge in wounded people admitted to hospitals in Marrakesh.{{cite news|title=Powerful earthquake rocks Morocco, killing at least 290|url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/world/morocco-earthquake-marrakesh-people-killed-injured-buildings-collapsed-unesco-heritage-3757836|access-date=9 September 2023|publisher=Channel NewsAsia|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909044246/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/world/morocco-earthquake-marrakesh-people-killed-injured-buildings-collapsed-unesco-heritage-3757836|url-status=live}} Injured people from outside Marrakesh also began to trickle into the city to get treatment.{{cite news|title=Morocco earthquake kills over 1,000 people, rescuers dig for survivors|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Natural-disasters/Morocco-earthquake-kills-over-1-000-people-rescuers-dig-for-survivors|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=The Nikkei|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909204049/https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Natural-disasters/Morocco-earthquake-kills-over-1-300-people-rescuers-dig-for-survivors|url-status=live}} An appeal was made to the city's residents for blood donations.{{cite news|title=تعبئة عفوية لساكنة مراكش لتقديم يد المساعدة للمتضررين من الهزة الأرضية|trans-title=Spontaneous mobilization of the people of Marrakech to provide assistance to those affected by the earthquake|url=https://www.mapnews.ma/ar/actualites/%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A6%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%81%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%86%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B4-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=Maghreb Arabe Press|date=9 September 2023|language=ar|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909105102/https://www.mapnews.ma/ar/actualites/%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A6%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%81%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%86%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B4-%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9|url-status=live}} On the morning of 9 September, roughly 200 people, including tourists, visited a hospital to donate blood. Among those who donated were the Moroccan national football team.{{cite news|title=Moroccan football players donate blood in wake of deadly earthquake|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/environment/moroccan-football-players-donate-blood-in-wake-of-deadly-earthquake/2987866|access-date=10 September 2023|agency=Anadolu Ajansi|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910103910/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/environment/moroccan-football-players-donate-blood-in-wake-of-deadly-earthquake/2987866|url-status=live}} The initiative amassed 6,000 bags of blood within a day of the campaign launch.{{cite news|last1=Ntungwabona|first1=Ahmed|title=6,000 Bags of Blood Donated in One Day for Morocco Earthquake Victims|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357594/6-000-bags-of-blood-donated-in-one-day-for-morocco-earthquake-victims|access-date=10 September 2023|agency=Morocco World News|date=10 September 2023|archive-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911033822/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357594/6-000-bags-of-blood-donated-in-one-day-for-morocco-earthquake-victims|url-status=live}} Damage assessments in Marrakesh revealed most of the city was relatively undamaged.{{cite news|title=Morocco's ancient city of Marrakech assesses quake damage|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/moroccos-ancient-city-of-marrakech-assesses-quake-damage|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=Reuters|work=The Straits Times|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909204559/https://www.straitstimes.com/world/moroccos-ancient-city-of-marrakech-assesses-quake-damage|url-status=live}}
King Mohammed VI, who was reportedly in France at the time of the earthquake, authorised the deployment of the Royal Moroccan Army in various affected cities in order to help.{{Cite web|date=9 September 2023|title=بلاغ للقيادة العليا للقوات المسلحة الملكية|url=https://www.hespress.com/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84-1229143.html|access-date=9 September 2023|website=Hespress – هسبريس جريدة إلكترونية مغربية|language=ar|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909204548/https://www.hespress.com/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84-1229143.html|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|title=بتعليمات ملكية.. القوات المسلحة الملكية تنشر وسائل بشرية ولوجيستية جوية وبرية|trans-title=With royal instructions, the Royal Armed Forces deploy human, air and land logistical means|url=https://ar.hibapress.com/details-462410.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909204553/https://ar.hibapress.com/details-462410.html|archive-date=9 September 2023|access-date=9 September 2023|website=Heba Press|date=9 September 2023|language=ar}} He also declared three days of national mourning and ordered the creation of a relief commission to provide survivors with aid, and the opening of special bank accounts to allow donations.{{Cite web|title=Morocco earthquake death toll surpasses 1,300 as three days of mourning are declared|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/mena/2023/09/09/morocco-earthquake-marrakesh-live/|url-status=live|access-date=9 September 2023|website=The National|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909232124/https://www.thenationalnews.com/mena/2023/09/09/morocco-earthquake-marrakesh-live/}}{{Cite web|last1=Tawfeeq|first1=Mohammed|last2=Paget|first2=Sharif|last3=Alkhshali|first3=Hamdi|last4=Lau|first4=Chris|last5=Rebane|first5=Teele|last6=Alkhaldi|first6=Celine|last7=Xu|first7=Xiaofei|last8=Sariyuce|first8=Isil|date=9 September 2023|title=Morocco earthquake kills more than 2,000 and damages historic Marrakech|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/08/africa/morocco-6-8-magnitude-earthquake-intl-hnk/index.html|access-date=10 September 2023|publisher=CNN|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910003822/https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/08/africa/morocco-6-8-magnitude-earthquake-intl-hnk/index.html|url-status=live}} Following a meeting with the King on 11 September, Prime Minister Aziz Akhannouch, in his first remarks on the disaster, said that the government was committed to funding rebuilding and compensating those affected. King Mohammed VI also visited the Marrakesh University Hospital on 12 September, with state media saying that he met with earthquake victims and donated blood.{{cite news|title=Moroccan rescue teams step up last-ditch hunt for earthquake survivors|url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-moroccan-rescue-teams-step-up-last-ditch-hunt-for-earthquake-survivors|access-date=13 September 2023|publisher=France 24|date=13 September 2023|archive-date=13 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913203027/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230913-moroccan-rescue-teams-step-up-last-ditch-hunt-for-earthquake-survivors|url-status=live}}
The Army set up a field hospital in Moulay Brahim.{{cite news|title=Morocco quake kills more than 1,000 people|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230909-at-least-34-people-reported-dead-in-morocco-quake|access-date=9 September 2023|publisher=France 24|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909043726/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230909-at-least-34-people-reported-dead-in-morocco-quake|url-status=live}} Rescue personnel used heavy equipment to recover survivors and bodies from debris.{{cite news|title=A Moroccan mountain village mourns its quake dead|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2370666/middle-east|access-date=10 September 2023|agency=Agence France-Presse|publisher=Arab News|date=10 September 2023|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910021624/https://www.arabnews.com/node/2370666/middle-east|url-status=live}} Survivors from the village began digging graves on a hill to bury the dead.{{cite news|title=Rescue teams comb for survivors as Morocco quake kills over 1000|url=https://www.newarab.com/news/rescuers-comb-survivors-morocco-quake-kills-over-1000|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=The New Arab|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909174926/https://www.newarab.com/news/rescuers-comb-survivors-morocco-quake-kills-over-1000|url-status=live}} A large tent was set-up in the village to house the homeless.{{cite news|last1=Metz|first1=Sam|last2=Hatem|first2=Ahmed|title=Moroccan villagers mourn after earthquake brings destruction to their rural mountain home|url=https://apnews.com/article/morocco-earthquake-village-52cc12e8b556bc86970fff8575e79581|access-date=10 September 2023|work=Associated Press News|date=10 September 2023|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910053027/https://apnews.com/article/morocco-earthquake-village-52cc12e8b556bc86970fff8575e79581|url-status=live}} Operations at Marrakesh Airport remained normal but two Ryanair flights from Marrakesh to Brussels and Beauvais, France, that were scheduled for 9 September were cancelled. British Airways replaced its regular aircraft to Marrakesh with a larger one to carry British nationals requesting repatriation.{{cite news|last1=Calder|first1=Simon|title=Morocco earthquake: Is it safe to travel at the moment?|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/marrakech-morocco-travel-airport-flights-b2408380.html|access-date=9 September 2023|work=The Independent|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909204549/https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/marrakech-morocco-travel-airport-flights-b2408380.html|url-status=live}}
International response
{{multiple image
| direction = vertical
| width = 250
| image1 = Foreign aid during 2023 Al Haouz earthquake 06.jpg
| image2 = Foreign aid during 2023 Al Haouz earthquake 01.jpg
| footer = British and Spanish aid, 11 September.
}}
The Netherlands released €5 million in emergency aid,{{Cite web|date=9 September 2023|title=Dodental aardbeving Marokko boven 2000 • Drie dagen van nationale rouw|url=https://nos.nl/liveblog/2489811-dodental-aardbeving-marokko-boven-2000-drie-dagen-van-nationale-rouw#UPDATE-container-71941409|access-date=12 September 2023|website=nos.nl|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912064237/https://nos.nl/liveblog/2489811-dodental-aardbeving-marokko-boven-2000-drie-dagen-van-nationale-rouw#UPDATE-container-71941409|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2023/09/09/kabinet-steunt-marokko-met-5-miljoen-euro-voor-noodhulp-a4173974|title=Kabinet steunt Marokko met 5 miljoen euro voor noodhulp|newspaper=NRC|date=9 September 2023|language=nl|access-date=10 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912191437/https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2023/09/09/kabinet-steunt-marokko-met-5-miljoen-euro-voor-noodhulp-a4173974|url-status=live|last1=Schyns|first1=Veerle}} while the Red Cross Society of China gave the Moroccan Red Crescent $200,000 for emergency humanitarian assistance.{{Cite web|last=Wang|first=Xiaoyu|title=China Red Cross provides aid to Morocco after earthquake|url=https://global.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202309/10/WS64fd05a6a310d2dce4bb4e26.html|access-date=11 September 2023|website=China Daily|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912064239/https://global.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202309/10/WS64fd05a6a310d2dce4bb4e26.html|url-status=live|language=en}} The European Commission pledged €1 million ($1.07 million) to support relief efforts. Aerospace company Boeing announced a $300,000-donation to the American Red Cross and CARE International.{{cite press release|title=Boeing Donates $300,000 to Assist Moroccan Earthquake Relief Efforts|url=https://boeing.mediaroom.com/2023-09-14-Boeing-Donates-300,000-to-Assist-Moroccan-Earthquake-Relief-Efforts|access-date=14 September 2023|date=14 September 2023|archive-date=15 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915011011/https://boeing.mediaroom.com/2023-09-14-Boeing-Donates-300,000-to-Assist-Moroccan-Earthquake-Relief-Efforts|url-status=live}} Other world leaders and heads of states offered condolences.{{Cite web|title='Thoughts and prayers': World reacts to Morocco's devastating earthquake|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/9/thoughts-and-prayers-world-reacts-to-moroccos-devastating-earthquake|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910103952/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/9/thoughts-and-prayers-world-reacts-to-moroccos-devastating-earthquake|archive-date=10 September 2023|access-date=10 September 2023|publisher=Al Jazeera}}{{Cite web|last=|title=Condolences, aid pouring in for quake-hit Morocco|url=https://epaper.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202309/11/WS64fe55cfa31020d7c67bc81c.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912064242/https://epaper.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202309/11/WS64fe55cfa31020d7c67bc81c.html|archive-date=12 September 2023|access-date=11 September 2023|website=China Daily}}{{Cite web|date=11 September 2023|script-title=ja:天皇、皇后両陛下 地震被害のモロッコにお見舞い|trans-title=Emperor and Empress [of Japan] offers condolences to earthquake-stricken Morocco|url=https://www.sankei.com/article/20230911-XZZG3T3XKZJJRIWQWSSVN7HAVY/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912014822/https://www.sankei.com/article/20230911-XZZG3T3XKZJJRIWQWSSVN7HAVY/|archive-date=12 September 2023|access-date=16 September 2023|script-website=ja:産経ニュース|language=ja}}
The 18-hour delay for King Mohammed VI to make an official announcement on the earthquake received criticism socially. There was also criticism of the government's delay in making an official request for assistance and that more external aid was not allowed.{{cite news|title=Aftershock rattles Morocco as death toll from earthquake rises to 2,100|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/morocco-earthquake-aftershock-death-toll/|access-date=11 September 2023|agency=Associated Press|publisher=NBC News|date=10 September 2023|archive-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911025610/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/morocco-earthquake-aftershock-death-toll/|url-status=live}} Frustration also grew among international aid groups on standby as they had not received formal requests. The Moroccan government did not formally ask for foreign assistance; however, they accepted aid from Qatar, Spain, United Arab Emirates, and the United Kingdom.{{Cite news|script-title=ar:المغرب يسابق الزمن لإنقاذ المحاصرين تحت أنقاض الزلزال ويقبل المساعدة من أربع دول|trans-title=Morocco is racing against time to rescue those trapped under the rubble of the earthquake and accepts assistance from four countries|url=https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/ce9nnp8n660o|access-date=10 September 2023|publisher=BBC News|date=10 September 2023|language=ar|archive-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911033840/https://www.bbc.com/arabic/articles/ce9nnp8n660o|url-status=live}} Officials said they have only approved the offer of four countries because "a lack of coordination could be counterproductive". They added that other offers may be approved when there is a need.{{cite news|title=Foreign rescuers join Morocco quake race against time|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230911-foreign-rescuers-join-morocco-quake-race-against-time|access-date=11 September 2023|agency=Agence France-Presse|publisher=France24|date=11 September 2023|archive-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911105542/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230911-foreign-rescuers-join-morocco-quake-race-against-time|url-status=live}} On 17 September, the king sent formal messages to representatives of the four countries' search and rescue teams, thanking them for their assistance.{{Cite web|date=18 September 2023|title=Morocco Monarch Thanks World For Quake Rescue Aid|url=https://allafrica.com/view/group/main/main/id/00086993.html|access-date=18 September 2023|website=allAfrica.com|archive-date=18 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918231803/https://allafrica.com/view/group/main/main/id/00086993.html|url-status=live}}
Benoît Payan, the mayor of Marrakesh's sister city Marseille, France, announced that he was sending firefighters to Morocco to help with rescue operations.{{Cite news|date=9 September 2023|title=Earthquake in Morocco: Update from Aurelien Breeden|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2023/09/09/world/morocco-earthquake-marrakesh|access-date=9 September 2023|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909064825/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2023/09/09/world/morocco-earthquake-marrakesh|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|date=9 September 2023|title=EN DIRECT – Maroc : le bilan du tremblement de terre grimpe à plus de 600 morts et 300 blessés|trans-title=LIVE – Morocco: earthquake toll rises to more than 600 dead and 300 injured|url=https://www.tf1info.fr/international/maroc-au-moins-296-morts-et-153-blesses-dans-un-puissant-seisme-2269156.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909110102/https://www.tf1info.fr/international/maroc-au-moins-296-morts-et-153-blesses-dans-un-puissant-seisme-2269156.html|archive-date=9 September 2023|access-date=9 September 2023|website=TF1 INFO|language=fr}} The President of the Regional Council of Île-de-France Valérie Pécresse sent $535,000 in aid. The {{ill|Embassy of France, Rabat|lt=French Embassy in Morocco|fr|Ambassade de France au Maroc}} opened a crisis unit hotline.{{Cite web|last1=Cloris|first1=Julie|last2=Guerini|first2=Enzo|date=9 September 2023|title=DIRECT. Séisme au Maroc : la France solidaire avec un pays "ami", Paris "sera à ses côtés"|trans-title=DIRECT. Earthquake in Morocco: France in solidarity with a "friendly" country, Paris "will be at its side"|url=https://www.leparisien.fr/faits-divers/direct-seisme-au-maroc-la-secousse-la-plus-forte-enregistree-en-120-ans-selon-lusgs-09-09-2023-IC5Z2B3CPZAR5DDC7KHJXUQYJQ.php|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909110119/https://www.leparisien.fr/faits-divers/direct-seisme-au-maroc-la-secousse-la-plus-forte-enregistree-en-120-ans-selon-lusgs-09-09-2023-IC5Z2B3CPZAR5DDC7KHJXUQYJQ.php|archive-date=9 September 2023|access-date=9 September 2023|website=Le Parisien|language=fr}} A rescue crew was sent from Nice, while communities across the country offered more than €2 million ($2.1 million) in aid. The French government released €5 million ($5.4 million) in aid for NGOs operating in Morocco. Arnaud Fraisse, head of Secouristes Sans Frontières (Rescuers Without Borders), said its teams were prevented by Moroccan authorities from entering the country on 10 September.{{Cite news|date=11 September 2023|title=France says controversy over Morocco earthquake aid 'misplaced'|publisher=Al Jazeera|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/11/france-says-controversy-over-morocco-earthquake-aid-misplaced|access-date=11 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912064239/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/11/france-says-controversy-over-morocco-earthquake-aid-misplaced|url-status=live}} On 10 September, Minister for Digital Affairs Jean-Noël Barrot said that all French mobile phone operators had begun offering free calls and text messages to Morocco.{{Cite news|date=11 September 2023|title=Free calls to Morocco after Earthquake|work=Africanews|url=https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/11/free-calls-to-morocco-after-earthquake/|access-date=11 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912064808/https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/11/free-calls-to-morocco-after-earthquake/|url-status=live}} In Belgium, a public memorial service for the victims of the earthquake was held in the city centre of Antwerp on 12 September, during which the Moroccan national anthem was played and a minute of silence for the dead was conducted.{{Cite news|date=11 September 2023|title=Belgian city holds memorial service for victims of Morocco earthquake|work=Africanews|url=https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/12/belgian-city-holds-memorial-service-for-victims-of-morocco-earthquake/|access-date=12 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912191429/https://www.africanews.com/2023/09/12/belgian-city-holds-memorial-service-for-victims-of-morocco-earthquake/|url-status=live}} A six-man rescue team and four rescue dogs from De Rips in the Netherlands flew from Brussels to help in the search and rescue operations at the request of local residents.{{Cite news|date=13 September 2023|title=Dutch search dog team flies out to Morocco earthquake zone|work=Dutch News|url=https://www.dutchnews.nl/2023/09/dutch-search-dog-team-flies-out-to-morocco-earthquake-zone/|access-date=13 September 2023|archive-date=14 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914043809/https://www.dutchnews.nl/2023/09/dutch-search-dog-team-flies-out-to-morocco-earthquake-zone/|url-status=live}} The town of Hilversum donated €20,000 to the victims. The Dutch Red Cross also launched a relief drive called Giro 6868 to help the victims, with about €3.8 million worth of aid being received.{{Cite news|date=13 September 2023|language=nl|title=Hilversum doneert 20.000 euro voor hulpverlening Marokko na aardbeving|trans-title=Hilversum donates 20,000 euros for assistance in Morocco after the earthquake|work=NH Nieuws|url=https://www.nhnieuws.nl/nieuws/324615/hilversum-doneert-20000-euro-voor-hulpverlening-marokko-na-aardbeving|access-date=13 September 2023|archive-date=14 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914054852/https://www.nhnieuws.nl/nieuws/324615/hilversum-doneert-20000-euro-voor-hulpverlening-marokko-na-aardbeving|url-status=live}} Norway, through the country's red cross, pledged NOK 10 million in aid to the victims.{{Cite news|date=13 September 2023|title=Norway to provide support for earthquake victims in Morocco|type=Report|work=Government of Norway|publisher=ReliefWeb|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/morocco/norway-provide-support-earthquake-victims-morocco|access-date=15 September 2023|archive-date=16 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916161421/https://reliefweb.int/report/morocco/norway-provide-support-earthquake-victims-morocco|url-status=live}}
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and King Abdullah II of Jordan ordered their governments to send aid to Morocco,{{Cite news|title=Israel preparing to send search and rescue mission, assistance to quake-hit Morocco|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-preparing-to-send-search-and-rescue-mission-assistance-to-quake-hit-morocco/|access-date=9 September 2023|work=The Times of Israel|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909123420/https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-preparing-to-send-search-and-rescue-mission-assistance-to-quake-hit-morocco/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|title=King expresses condolences to King of Morocco over victims of earthquake|url=https://en.ammonnews.net/article/67948|access-date=9 September 2023|website=Ammon News|date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909204833/https://en.ammonnews.net/article/67948|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|date=9 September 2023|title=King expresses condolences to Morocco over earthquake victims, directs government to provide support|url=https://rhc.jo/en/media/news/king-expresses-condolences-morocco-over-earthquake-victims-directs-government-provide|access-date=9 September 2023|website=rhc.jo|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909205100/https://rhc.jo/en/media/news/king-expresses-condolences-morocco-over-earthquake-victims-directs-government-provide|url-status=live}} while the United Arab Emirates's president Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan ordered the establishment of an air bridge to transport relief aid and other support,{{Cite web|script-title=ar:بعد الزلزال الكبير.. جسر جوي إماراتي لدعم المغرب|trans-title=After the major earthquake... an Emirati airlift to support Morocco|url=https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1651651-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%B1-%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%95%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909205057/https://www.skynewsarabia.com/middle-east/1651651-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%B1-%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%95%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8|archive-date=9 September 2023|access-date=9 September 2023|website=Sky News Arabia|language=ar}}{{Cite news|last=Wam|title=UAE President to establish air bridge to deliver critical relief to Morocco following deadly earthquake|url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/uae/uae-president-to-establish-air-bridge-to-deliver-critical-relief-to-morocco-following-deadly-earthqu|access-date=9 September 2023|work=Khaleej Times|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909205132/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/uae/uae-president-to-establish-air-bridge-to-deliver-critical-relief-to-morocco-following-deadly-earthqu|url-status=live}} as did Saudi Arabia.{{Cite web|date=10 September 2023|title=King Salman, Crown Prince order air bridge to provide aid to Morocco earthquake victims|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2371101/saudi-arabia|work=Arab News|access-date=12 September 2023|archive-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911122302/https://www.arabnews.com/node/2371101/saudi-arabia|url-status=live}} Sultan Haitham bin Tarik of Oman ordered rescue teams and medical aid to be sent to Morocco on 10 September.{{Cite web|date=10 September 2023|title=HM issues Royal orders to send relief materials and rescue teams to Morocco|url=https://www.omanobserver.om/article/1142640/oman/his-majesty/hm-issues-royal-orders-to-send-relief-materials-and-rescue-teams-to-morocco|access-date=11 September 2023|website=Oman Observer|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912064840/https://www.omanobserver.om/article/1142640/oman/his-majesty/hm-issues-royal-orders-to-send-relief-materials-and-rescue-teams-to-morocco|url-status=live}} On 12 September, Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi declared three days of national mourning for the victims of the earthquake and those of Storm Daniel in Libya on 10 and 11 September.{{Cite web|last=Mohamed|first=Gobran|date=12 September 2023|title=Egypt declares three days of mourning in solidarity with Morocco and Libya|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2372256/middle-east|access-date=12 September 2023|website=Arab News|archive-date=13 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913030314/https://www.arabnews.com/node/2372256/middle-east|url-status=live}}
Algeria, for the first time since 2021, opened its airspace to Morocco to facilitate the arrival of humanitarian aid.{{Cite web|date=9 September 2023|title=Algeria will open airspace for aid flights to Morocco. – Political Lore|url=https://www.politicallore.com/algeria-will-open-airspace-for-aid-flights-to-morocco/37436|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909205058/https://www.politicallore.com/algeria-will-open-airspace-for-aid-flights-to-morocco/37436|archive-date=9 September 2023|access-date=9 September 2023|website=Political Lore – Political Lore|language=ru-RU}}{{Cite news|first=Muhammad Abdel|last=Momen|date=9 September 2023|script-title=ar:الجزائر تفتح مجالها الجوي لتسهيل وصول المساعدات الإنسانية إلى المغرب|trans-title=Algeria opens its airspace to facilitate the arrival of humanitarian aid to Morocco|url=https://www.echoroukonline.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD-%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909204639/https://www.echoroukonline.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD-%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84|archive-date=9 September 2023|access-date=9 September 2023|agency=Echourouk|language=ar}} The following day, they proposed an 80-member specialised civil protection intervention team.{{Cite news|last=Boumaza|first=Ania|date=10 September 2023|title=Séisme au Maroc : l'Algérie tend une nouvelle fois la main et propose un plan d'aide d'urgence|url=https://www.algerie360.com/seisme-au-maroc-lalgerie-tend-une-nouvelle-fois-la-main-et-propose-un-plan-daide-durgence/|access-date=10 September 2023|agency=Algerie360|language=fr|archive-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911163514/https://www.algerie360.com/seisme-au-maroc-lalgerie-tend-une-nouvelle-fois-la-main-et-propose-un-plan-daide-durgence/|url-status=live}} Spain placed its Military Emergencies Unit, its other aid agencies, and its embassy in Rabat at Morocco's disposal.{{Cite news|title=Spain Offers To Send Rescuers To Quake-ravaged Morocco|url=https://www.barrons.com/news/spain-offers-to-send-rescuers-to-quake-ravaged-morocco-2a9ab970|access-date=9 September 2023|work=Barron's|agency=Agence France-Presse|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909205100/https://www.barrons.com/news/spain-offers-to-send-rescuers-to-quake-ravaged-morocco-2a9ab970|url-status=live}} Two Spanish Air Force aircraft carrying 86 soldiers and eight search dogs were flown to Marrakesh after the Moroccan government made a bilateral appeal. The Czech Republic announced it was ready to send about 70 members of a rescue team, including nine doctors, after receiving an official request from the Moroccan government. Czech Defense Minister Jana Černochová said three military planes were prepared to transport the team.{{Cite web|url=https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-domov/hasici-usar-letadlo-maroko-zemetreseni_2309101910_cen|title=Odlet speciálního týmu USAR do Maroka se odkládá. Oficiální pozvání stále nedorazilo (in Czech)|date=10 September 2023|access-date=10 September 2023|archive-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911032705/https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-domov/hasici-usar-letadlo-maroko-zemetreseni_2309101910_cen|url-status=live}}
The International Charter on Space and Major Disasters was activated by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research on behalf of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies to provide humanitarian satellite coverage.{{Cite web|title=Earthquake in Morocco (Activation 838) – Activations – International Disasters Charter|url=https://disasterscharter.org/web/guest/activations/-/article/earthquake-in-morocco-activation-838-|access-date=9 September 2023|website=disasterscharter.org|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909205100/https://disasterscharter.org/web/guest/activations/-/article/earthquake-in-morocco-activation-838-|url-status=live}} On 9 September, a team of 50 paramedics and personnel from Tunisia arrived. The team also brought search dogs, thermal imaging devices, a drone, and field hospital.{{cite news|title=Foreign offers of aid in response to Morocco earthquake|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/foreign-offers-of-aid-in-response-to-morocco-earthquake|access-date=10 September 2023|work=The Straits Times|agency=Reuters|date=10 September 2023|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910132552/https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/foreign-offers-of-aid-in-response-to-morocco-earthquake|url-status=live}} A Qatari rescue team arrived in Morocco on 11 September.{{cite news|title=2122 قتيلا بزلزال المغرب وسباق مع الزمن للعثور على ناجين|trans-title=2,122 dead in the Moroccan earthquake and a race against time to find survivors|url=https://www.aljazeera.net/news/liveblog/2023/9/11/%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81-2122-%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7-%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%82-%D9%85%D8%B9|access-date=11 September 2023|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=11 September 2023|language=ar|archive-date=11 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911082709/https://www.aljazeera.net/news/liveblog/2023/9/11/%d8%b2%d9%84%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d9%8a%d8%ae%d9%84%d9%81-2122-%d9%82%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a7-%d9%88%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b9|url-status=live}} By 6 October, the Moroccan Red Crescent had supported over 50,000 people. They deployed over 290 volunteers across the affected provinces to assist in search and rescue efforts, preparing medical caravans and makeshift medical tents.{{cite press release|title=One month after Morocco earthquake: A race against winter for affected families|url=https://www.ifrc.org/press-release/one-month-after-morocco-earthquake-race-against-winter-affected-families|access-date=18 October 2023|publisher=International Federation of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies|date=6 October 2023|type=Press release|archive-date=14 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014080918/http://www.ifrc.org/press-release/one-month-after-morocco-earthquake-race-against-winter-affected-families|url-status=live}}
The Confederation of African Football postponed the qualifying match for the 2023 Africa Cup of Nations between Morocco and Liberia, which was due to be held in Agadir on 9 September.{{Cite web|last=Berkane|first=Hanif Ben|date=9 September 2023|title=Séisme au Maroc : la CAF accepte le report du match Maroc-Libéria|trans-title=Earthquake in Morocco: CAF accepts the postponement of the Morocco-Liberia match|url=https://www.footmercato.net/a926240064996060333-seisme-au-maroc-la-caf-accepte-le-report-du-match-maroc-liberia|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909204549/https://www.footmercato.net/a926240064996060333-seisme-au-maroc-la-caf-accepte-le-report-du-match-maroc-liberia|archive-date=9 September 2023|access-date=9 September 2023|website=Foot Mercato : Info Transferts Football – Actu Foot Transfert|language=fr}}{{cite press release|url=https://www.cafonline.com/caf-africa-cup-of-nations/news/caf-postpones-morocco-vs-liberia-afcon-2023-qualifier-match-following-earthquake-in-morocco-which-resulted-in-more-than-800-people-losing-their-lives-and-hundreds-injured/|title=CAF postpones Morocco vs Liberia AFCON 2023 Qualifier match following Earthquake in Morocco which resulted in more than 800 people losing their lives and hundreds injured|date=9 September 2023|publisher=CAF|access-date=9 September 2023|archive-date=13 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913021428/https://www.cafonline.com/caf-africa-cup-of-nations/news/caf-postpones-morocco-vs-liberia-afcon-2023-qualifier-match-following-earthquake-in-morocco-which-resulted-in-more-than-800-people-losing-their-lives-and-hundreds-injured/|url-status=live}} The qualifying match between the Republic of the Congo and The Gambia went ahead as scheduled in Marrakesh on 10 September.{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/african-qualifier-go-ahead-marrakech-despite-deadly-quake-2023-09-09/|title=African qualifier to go ahead in Marrakech despite deadly quake|date=10 September 2023|work=Reuters|access-date=11 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912064747/https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/african-qualifier-go-ahead-marrakech-despite-deadly-quake-2023-09-09/|url-status=live}} UEFA announced a moment of silence for the victims for all club and national team matches until 21 September.{{Cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/0285-18f053704693-805de96cce37-1000--moment-of-silence-in-memory-of-victims-of-earthquake-in-mo/|title=Moment of silence in memory of victims of earthquake in Morocco|publisher=UEFA Champions League|date=9 September 2023|access-date=9 September 2023|archive-date=9 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909232125/https://www.uefa.com/insideuefa/news/0285-18f053704693-805de96cce37-1000--moment-of-silence-in-memory-of-victims-of-earthquake-in-mo/|url-status=live}}
UNESCO experts visited the Medina of Marrakesh on 9 September to take a first look at the damage. The organization said it would provide support according to the needs expressed, with Director General Audrey Azoulay specifying "whether it is a matter of surveying the damage in the fields of heritage and education, making buildings safe or preparing for reconstruction".{{Cite web|title=UNESCO stands in solidarity with Morocco following the earthquake|url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/unesco-stands-solidarity-morocco-following-earthquake|access-date=14 September 2023|publisher=UNESCO|archive-date=15 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915010958/https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/unesco-stands-solidarity-morocco-following-earthquake|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|date=9 September 2023|trans-title=Earthquake: Unesco will help Morocco inventory damage to its heritage|title=Séisme: L'Unesco aidera la Maroc à inventorier les dommages à son patrimoine|url=https://www.arabnews.fr/node/422336/culture|access-date=14 September 2023|agency=Arab News FR|language=fr|archive-date=15 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915010944/https://www.arabnews.fr/node/422336/culture|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|date=11 September 2023|title=Séisme au Maroc : à Marrakech, le recensement des dommages patrimoniaux débute|language=fr-FR|work=La Croix|url=https://www.la-croix.com/culture/Seisme-Maroc-Marrakech-recensement-dommages-patrimoniaux-debute-2023-09-11-1201282246|access-date=14 September 2023|issn=0242-6056|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912204232/https://www.la-croix.com/culture/Seisme-Maroc-Marrakech-recensement-dommages-patrimoniaux-debute-2023-09-11-1201282246|url-status=live}}
Recovery and assistance
On 14 September, the monarchy announced that 50,000 houses had been damaged by the earthquake, and pledged shelter and 30,000 dirhams ($3,000) to affected households, as well as reconstruction aid of 140,000 dirhams for collapsed homes and 80,000 for damaged ones.{{cite news|title=Isolated Morocco earthquake survivors feel abandoned by state as they await aid|url=https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230915-isolated-morocco-earthquake-survivors-feel-abandoned-by-state-as-they-await-aid|access-date=15 September 2023|publisher=France 24|date=15 September 2023|archive-date=15 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915032807/https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20230915-isolated-morocco-earthquake-survivors-feel-abandoned-by-state-as-they-await-aid|url-status=live}} These payouts were processed via monthly instalments. The prime minister issued a statement stating that 63,800 households were actively receiving the monthly payouts of 2,500 dirhams ($257). The King also conferred the status of "Wards of the Nation" to all children orphaned by the earthquake.{{Cite web|last=Zouiten|first=Sara|title=King Mohammed VI Declares Orphans of the Al Haouz Earthquake 'Nation's Ward'|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/09/357705/king-mohammed-vi-declares-orphans-of-the-al-haouz-earthquake-nations-ward|date=15 September 2023|access-date=11 September 2024|website=moroccoworldnews.com}}
The Red Cross announced the recovery process could take years;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/10/morocco-earthquake-mourning-begins-as-rescue-continues-with-death-toll-over-2000|title=Morocco earthquake: mourning begins as rescue continues with death toll over 2,000|first=Ruth|last=Michaelson|date=10 September 2023|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=10 September 2023|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910103900/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/10/morocco-earthquake-mourning-begins-as-rescue-continues-with-death-toll-over-2000|url-status=live}} several villages near the epicenter in the remote mountainous region were completely flattened and/or inaccessible, with the paucity of infrastructure such railways, roads, and hospitals vis-à-vis the north of the country hampering relief efforts.{{Cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/world/africa/morocco-earthquake-rescue-efforts-intensify-as-death-toll-passes-2-000-ebb20299|title=Morocco Earthquake Rescue Efforts Intensify as Death Toll Passes 2,000|first=Chao Deng, Stephen Kalin, Summer Said and Benoit|last=Faucon|website=The Wall Street Journal|date=10 September 2023|access-date=10 September 2023|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910132523/https://www.wsj.com/world/africa/morocco-earthquake-rescue-efforts-intensify-as-death-toll-passes-2-000-ebb20299|url-status=live}}
On 20 September, a five-year-long rehousing plan estimated at US$11.7 billion was announced after a discussion with King Mohammed VI, army and government personnel. It was projected to benefit 4.2 million people in the provinces of Al-Haouz, Chichaoua, Taroudant, Marrakech, Ouarzazate and Azilal. Besides rehousing, the project also aims to promote social and economic growth in the region through improved infrastructure. The government's budget, international assistance and a reserve scheme would supply the funds needed for the project. The country promised to provide aid of US$14,000 and $8,000 for collapsed and damaged homes, respectively.{{cite news|title=Morocco to Spend $11.7B on 5-Year Post-Quake Reconstruction|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/morocco-to-spend-11-7b-on-5-year-post-quake-reconstruction-/7277539.html|access-date=22 September 2023|agency=Reuters|publisher=Voice of America|date=20 September 2023|archive-date=21 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921090501/https://www.voanews.com/a/morocco-to-spend-11-7b-on-5-year-post-quake-reconstruction-/7277539.html|url-status=live}} Compensation of US$38,000 and $21,000 would be provided for totally destroyed and partially destroyed homes, respectively. The government would also provide monthly support over a year of US$244 to affected families. By January 2024, the government said around 57,600 families had received the monthly support and more than 44,000 households received reconstruction aid.{{cite news|title=Long winter for Morocco quake survivors|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240217-long-winter-for-morocco-quake-survivors|access-date=17 February 2024|publisher=France 24|date=17 February 2024|archive-date=17 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217132116/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240217-long-winter-for-morocco-quake-survivors|url-status=live}}
During the Annual Meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group held in Marrakesh, Morocco and Spain agreed on lending €11.6 million to support the reconstruction campaign.{{cite news|last1=Rahhou|first1=Jihane|title=Morocco, Spain Agree on €11.6 Million Loan for Earthquake Reconstruction Program|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/10/358322/morocco-spain-agree-on-euro-11-6-million-loan-for-earthquake-reconstruction-program|access-date=18 October 2023|agency=Morocco World News|date=15 October 2023|archive-date=16 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231016033155/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/10/358322/morocco-spain-agree-on-euro-11-6-million-loan-for-earthquake-reconstruction-program|url-status=live}} The United Kingdom's Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office also added it would provide £1.45 million to address the immediate needs and long-term recovery. Financial assistance would target healthcare, shelter and the local agriculture industry.{{cite news|last1=Zouiten|first1=Sara|title=UK Pledges £1.45 Million for Morocco's Earthquake Recovery|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/10/358307/uk-pledges-pound-1-45-million-for-moroccos-earthquake-recovery|access-date=18 October 2023|agency=Morocco World News|date=14 October 2023|archive-date=15 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015190356/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/10/358307/uk-pledges-pound-1-45-million-for-moroccos-earthquake-recovery|url-status=live}}
Aid and crisis management
= International aid =
Offers of assistance flooded in from countries and organisations including the United States, France, Turkey,{{Cite news|date=12 September 2023|access-date=12 September 2023|agency=Koha Ditore|title=Why does Morocco refuse aid from some countries?|url=https://www.koha.net/en/boat/391639/pse-maroku-i-refuzon-ndihmat-nga-disa-shtete/}} the European Commission, the African Union, the International Monetary Fund, and Algeria, which maintains tumultuous relations with Morocco. Despite many offers to assist, Morocco only officially accepted aid from four countries{{Cite news|date=12 September 2023|access-date=12 September 2023|title=The uninvited? How international rescue gets into Morocco|last=Schaer|first=Cathrin|url=https://www.dw.com/en/the-uninvited-how-international-rescue-gets-into-morocco/a-66791776|agency=DW News|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912191433/https://www.dw.com/en/the-uninvited-how-international-rescue-gets-into-morocco/a-66791776|url-status=live}}{{cite news|date=10 September 2023|title=Après le séisme, le Maroc accepte l'aide de quatre pays dont l'Espagne et le Qatar|language=fr|trans-title=After the earthquake, Morocco accepts aid from four countries including Spain and Qatar|publisher=Radio France Internationale|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20230910-s%C3%A9isme-au-maroc-l-espagne-et-le-qatar-r%C3%A9pondent-%C3%A0-la-demande-d-aide-de-rabat|url-status=live|access-date=13 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911150448/https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20230910-s%C3%A9isme-au-maroc-l-espagne-et-le-qatar-r%C3%A9pondent-%C3%A0-la-demande-d-aide-de-rabat|archive-date=11 September 2023}}—Spain, the United Kingdom, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates.{{cite news|trans-title=Earthquake in Morocco: a silence and aid accepted in dribs and drabs which raise questions|title=Séisme au Maroc. Une aide internationale acceptée au compte-gouttes|first=Cécile|last=Réto|url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/monde/maroc/seisme-au-maroc-une-aide-internationale-acceptee-au-compte-gouttes-bc47672a-4fe9-11ee-aaf6-974564520e1f|agency=Ouest-France|language=fr|date=10 September 2023|access-date=13 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192430/https://www.ouest-france.fr/monde/maroc/seisme-au-maroc-une-aide-internationale-acceptee-au-compte-gouttes-bc47672a-4fe9-11ee-aaf6-974564520e1f|url-status=live}} The president of the NGO Secouristes sans frontières, Arnaud Fraisse, stated, "We do not understand this situation of blocking on the part of the Moroccan government. There is no explanation at the moment."{{cite news|date=10 September 2023|title="Nous n'avons toujours pas eu l'accord du gouvernement marocain" : pourquoi l'aide humanitaire française tarde à arriver après le séisme|language=fr|trans-title="We still have not received the agreement of the Moroccan government": why French humanitarian aid is slow to arrive after the earthquake|work=France Info|url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/afrique/maroc/seisme/nous-n-avons-toujours-pas-eu-l-accord-du-gouvernement-marocain-pourquoi-l-aide-humanitaire-francaise-tarde-a-arriver-apres-le-seisme_6054533.html|url-status=live|access-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910231737/https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/afrique/maroc/seisme/nous-n-avons-toujours-pas-eu-l-accord-du-gouvernement-marocain-pourquoi-l-aide-humanitaire-francaise-tarde-a-arriver-apres-le-seisme_6054533.html|archive-date=10 September 2023}} The Lebanese newspaper L'Orient-Le Jour declared Morocco, "despite being wounded, is snubbing international aid", forcing local officials to organise assistance.
On 11 September, Algeria prepared three planes equipped with all the necessary medication and food supplies, along with a team of 93 rescuers.{{cite news|access-date=11 September 2023|language=ar|title=Reports: Algerian aid planes are on their way to Morocco.|url=https://www.alhurra.com/morocco/2023/09/11/%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8|agency=Alhurra|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192428/https://www.alhurra.com/morocco/2023/09/11/%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|date=11 September 2023|title=Algeria allocates three aid planes to Morocco, pending its approval -agency|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/morocco-quake-algeria-aid-idAFS8N39F01Y|access-date=12 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192432/https://www.reuters.com/article/morocco-quake-algeria-aid-idAFS8N39F01Y|url-status=live}} This came after Justice Minister Abdellatif Ouahbi's statement on television affirming that Algeria's aid was favorable and that coordination with the Moroccan Ministry of Foreign Affairs was required. Shortly after, the Moroccan press criticised Ouahbi's behavior,{{cite web|date=11 September 2023|title=تصريحات وهبي الخطيرة لقناة العربية حول الجزائر تثير غضب المغاربة|trans-title=Ouahbi's controversial statements on Al Arabiya TV regarding Algeria have sparked anger among Moroccans|url=http://howiyapress.com/%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88%d9%87%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%82%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%88/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192521/http://howiyapress.com/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A8%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D9%88/|archive-date=12 September 2023|access-date=11 September 2023|website=هوية بريس|language=ar}}{{cite web|date=11 September 2023|title=منار السليمي ينتقد بشدة خرجة غير موفقة لوزير العدل عبد اللطيف وهبي رحب فيها بالمساعدات الجزائرية|trans-title=Manar Al-Salimi strongly criticizes Minister of Justice Abdellatif Ouhbi for his ill-advised statement in which he welcomed Algerian aid.|url=https://24saa.ma/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D8%B4%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A9-%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A9/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192437/https://24saa.ma/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D8%B4%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A9-%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A9/|archive-date=12 September 2023|access-date=11 September 2023|website=24 ساعة|language=ar}}{{cite web|date=11 September 2023|title=بسبب الزلزال.. الجزائر تحاول توريط عبد اللطيف وهبي|trans-title=Due to the earthquake, Algeria is attempting to implicate Abdellatif Ouhbi.|url=https://www.analkhabar.com/%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B7-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF-%D8%A7/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192820/https://www.analkhabar.com/%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%b3%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%83%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%8a%d8%af%d8%b9%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%81%d8%aa/|archive-date=12 September 2023|access-date=11 September 2023|website=Analkhabar|language=ar}}{{cite web|last=Arbai|first=Khalid|date=11 September 2023|title=ترحيب وهبي بمساعدات النظام الجزائري يثير غضب المغاربة...منار السليمي : تصريحات خطيرة|trans-title=Ouahbi's welcome of aid from the Algerian regime is causing anger among Moroccans... Manar Al-Salimi: Dangerous statements|url=https://rue20.com/743993.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192818/https://rue20.com/743993.html|archive-date=12 September 2023|access-date=11 September 2023|website=زنقة 20|language=ar}} prompting him to clarify a few hours later that his statements had been misunderstood and misinterpreted.{{cite web|access-date=11 September 2023|language=ar|title=Breaking news: Minister of Justice denies "welcoming Algerian aid."|url=https://alyaoum24.com/1833851.html|website=اليوم 24 – أخبار اليوم على مدار الساعة|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192815/https://alyaoum24.com/1833851.html|url-status=live}}{{cite web|access-date=11 September 2023|title=Minister of Justice Ouhbi denies the claims of Algerian media and refutes his alleged welcoming of Algerian aid.|url=https://mobile.chouftv.ma/program/650881.html|publisher=ChoufTV|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192822/https://mobile.chouftv.ma/program/650881.html|url-status=live}}{{cite news|access-date=11 September 2023|date=11 September 2023|language=ar|title=ما حقيقة "قبول" المغرب للمساعدات الجزائرية بعد تصريح الوزير وهبي؟ إقرأ المزيد|trans-title=What is the truth about Morocco "accepting" Algerian aid following Minister Ouhbi's statement?|url=https://al3omk.com/870699.html|agency=Moroccan Depth|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192951/https://al3omk.com/870699.html|url-status=live}} The aid was refused as Morocco informed the Algerian Consul in Casablanca that they did not need the proposed assistance.{{Cite news|date=12 September 2023|title=الجزائر تعلن تلقيها الرد.. المغرب "لا يحتاج" مساعدتها الإنسانية|language=ar|trans-title=Algeria announces receiving a response: Morocco "does not need" its humanitarian assistance|agency=Al-Hurra|url=https://www.alhurra.com/morocco/2023/09/12/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D9%84%D8%A7-%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9|url-status=live|access-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192946/https://www.alhurra.com/morocco/2023/09/12/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D9%84%D8%A7-%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9|archive-date=12 September 2023}}{{Cite web|date=12 September 2023|title=الجزائر تتلقى ردا رسميا من المغرب على مبادرة تقديم المساعدات|trans-title=Algeria receives an official response from Morocco regarding the offer to provide assistance.|url=https://www.alghad.tv/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%b2%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d9%84%d9%82%d9%89-%d8%b1%d8%af%d8%a7-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%85/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192944/https://www.alghad.tv/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%82%D9%89-%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7-%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%85/|archive-date=12 September 2023|access-date=12 September 2023|publisher=Alghad TV|language=ar}}
In contrast, Israeli NGOs provided aid upon arrival in Morocco without official approval from the Moroccan or Israeli governments.{{Cite news|quote=Organizations specializing in disaster relief are providing aid, even without having received a green light from either Moroccan or Israeli authorities.|title=Morocco earthquake: Israeli NGOs are among those on the ground|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/le-monde-africa/article/2023/09/12/morocco-earthquake-israeli-ngos-are-among-those-on-the-ground_6133536_124.html|url-status=live|newspaper=Le Monde|date=12 September 2023|access-date=12 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192953/https://www.lemonde.fr/en/le-monde-africa/article/2023/09/12/morocco-earthquake-israeli-ngos-are-among-those-on-the-ground_6133536_124.html}} On 14 September, a scheduled German Red Cross flight from Leipzig to Morocco was suddenly suspended just before takeoff. In a statement, the organization said: "for reasons beyond our control and that of our partners in the Red Cross and Red Crescent movement." The flight carrying aid, tents and mats was requested by the Moroccan Red Crescent.{{cite news|title=German Red Cross aid to Morocco postponed due to 'new rules'|url=https://www.dw.com/en/german-red-cross-aid-to-morocco-postponed-due-to-new-rules/a-66806812|access-date=14 September 2023|editor-last=Connor|editor-first=Richard|agency=DW News|date=14 September 2023|archive-date=14 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914083719/https://www.dw.com/en/german-red-cross-aid-to-morocco-postponed-due-to-new-rules/a-66806812|url-status=live}}
In response to these observations, the Moroccan Interior Ministry said on 10 September that its selective acceptance of aid was "based on a precise assessment of needs on the ground" but not an outright rejection of such offers.{{Cite news|title=Morocco quake: Why have authorities accepted limited foreign aid so far?|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/12/is-morocco-accepting-aid-certain-countries-political-reasons|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=12 September 2023|access-date=13 September 2023|archive-date=13 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913010312/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/9/12/is-morocco-accepting-aid-certain-countries-political-reasons|url-status=live}}
= Crisis management =
The Spanish newspaper El Mundo criticised the delayed reaction of King Mohammed VI as he remained "silent for hours after the tragedy".{{Cite web|date=10 September 2023|title=Estupor ante la desaparición inicial del rey Mohamed VI y por la tardanza en aceptar la ayuda internacional|trans-title=Stupor at the initial disappearance of King Mohammed VI and due to the delay in accepting international aid|url=https://www.elmundo.es/internacional/2023/09/10/64fdb056fc6c83ee138b456e.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230911164623/https://www.elmundo.es/internacional/2023/09/10/64fdb056fc6c83ee138b456e.html|archive-date=11 September 2023|access-date=12 September 2023|website=El Mundo|language=es-ES}}{{cite news|date=11 September 2023|title=Séisme au Maroc : "Face à la catastrophe, l'inaction et le silence de Mohammed VI"|language=fr|trans-title=Earthquake in Morocco: "Faced with the catastrophe, the inaction and silence of Mohammed VI"|publisher=France 24|url=https://www.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9missions/dans-la-presse/20230911-tremblement-de-terre-au-maroc-face-%C3%A0-la-catastrophe-l-inaction-et-le-silence-de-mohammed-vi|url-status=live|access-date=13 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912192516/https://www.france24.com/fr/%C3%A9missions/dans-la-presse/20230911-tremblement-de-terre-au-maroc-face-%C3%A0-la-catastrophe-l-inaction-et-le-silence-de-mohammed-vi|archive-date=12 September 2023}} The newspaper on the other hand quoted the French ambassador in Morocco, {{ill|Christophe Lecourtier|fr}}, who justified the delay by stating that "the Moroccan authorities were conducting an evaluation of the situation", since "the southern region was isolated and far from urban centres". This statement was echoed by spokesperson of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, {{ill|Anne-Claire Legendre|fr}}, who added that "the needs must be established prior to making a request for help".
Another Spanish daily, El País, found the king's "silence" in the face of the tragedy "disturbing". L'Humanité expressed concern over the "dangerous inertia of Moroccan power". Having been in Paris since 1 September for medical reasons,{{Cite news|first=Fadwa|last=Islah|date=1 September 2023|title=Mohammed VI à Paris, prélude d'un réchauffement entre le Maroc et la France ?|trans-title=Mohammed VI in Paris, prelude to a warming between Morocco and France?|access-date=13 September 2023|agency=Jeune Afrique|language=fr-FR|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1478531/politique/mohammed-vi-a-paris-prelude-dun-rechauffement-entre-le-maroc-et-la-france/|archive-date=10 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910095031/https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1478531/politique/mohammed-vi-a-paris-prelude-dun-rechauffement-entre-le-maroc-et-la-france/|url-status=live}} he returned to Rabat on 9 September, where images showed him in a working meeting.{{Cite news|first=Johanna|last=Bouquet|title=Séisme au Maroc : le silence du roi Mohammed VI pose question|url=https://www.rtbf.be/article/seisme-au-maroc-le-silence-du-roi-mohammed-vi-pose-question-11254057|trans-title=Earthquake in Morocco: the silence of King Mohammed VI raises questions|access-date=13 September 2023|agency=RTBF|language=fr|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912193009/https://www.rtbf.be/article/seisme-au-maroc-le-silence-du-roi-mohammed-vi-pose-question-11254057|url-status=live}}
=Protests=
On 25 October 2023, hundreds of people took to the streets of Amizmiz, one of the worst-hit towns, to protest against local and regional authorities over delays in the delivery of emergency aid and cash support for the affected families. The protests, arranged by the Amizmiz Earthquake Victims' Coordination, came after a worker's strike and repeated storms that had further worsened living conditions for the residents. After a meeting with local officials, the organization called off the demonstration, but many people still went ahead with the protests. Many families had also not received cash support which was promised by the government despite providing their contact details. They were also concerned about housing as winter was approaching.{{cite news|title=Anger boils in Morocco's earthquake zone as protesters demand promised emergency aid|url=https://apnews.com/article/morocco-earthquake-amizmiz-protests-emergency-aid-6f268a35fdf3efd00e0070dec1fcb0e7|access-date=31 October 2023|work=Associated Press News|date=25 October 2023|archive-date=31 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031041518/https://apnews.com/article/morocco-earthquake-amizmiz-protests-emergency-aid-6f268a35fdf3efd00e0070dec1fcb0e7|url-status=live}} In January 2024, protests were held in Talat N'Yaaqoub and in Taroudant Province over delays in the delivery of financial relief. Another protest broke out in the town in late August over the slow rebuilding efforts, lack of state investment and social assistance.{{cite news|title=One year on, Morocco's quake victims still wait for homes|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/one-year-on-moroccos-quake-victims-still-wait-for-homes|access-date=7 September 2024|agency=Reuters|work=The Straits Times|date=3 September 2024}}
In 2025, Said Ait Mehdi, a prominent activist for survivors and leading member of the protests, was sentenced to a year in prison on grounds of spreading fake news and a defamation suit by local officials. The initial sentence of three months was lengthened by the Moroccan appeals court.{{Cite web |last=Eljechtimi |first=Ahmed |date=4 March 2025 |title=Moroccan activist defending quake victims gets jail sentence |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/moroccan-activist-defending-quake-victims-gets-jail-sentence-2025-03-04/ |access-date=11 March 2025 |website=Reuters}}
=Reconstruction=
A year later, Middle East Eye reported that many residents were still living in makeshift tents, guesthouses or with their relatives. Ruins in some localities close to the epicenter have also not been cleared.{{cite news|newspaper=Middle East Eye|title=Morocco: One year after the earthquake, those rebuilding are feeling left behind|url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/morocco-one-year-after-earthquake-rebuilding-feeling-left-behind|date=7 September 2024|access-date=7 September 2024}} Reuters said that of the 55,000 new homes planned, only 1,000 had been completed. Elmahdi Benabdeljalil, chairperson of the independent group Amal Biladi, criticised the government's reconstruction process. The government selected a "supervised self-construction", where recipients paid funds under an installment to source their own method of rebuilding. This system involvesd an architect laying the blueprints for a new home and residents can build these homes themselves or hire others. These residents have complained that a shortage in workers, construction materials, cost of materials and labour, and inaccessibility to some sites has made reconstruction difficult. Furthermore, some residents did not receive their payouts while their neighbours have.
In Ait Bourd, Amal Biladi helped constructing 20 noualas, a type of earthquake-resistant and insulated temporary home. Benabdeljalil said they aimed to complete another 30 noualas by the end of 2024. Some architects and authorities debated the use of concrete over traditional earth and stone for reconstruction. Those architects argued that concrete homes presented ecological problems, departed from tradition and were costlier. They added that traditional earth and stone were earthquake-resistant and criticised the rushed nature of reconstruction. Some traditionally-constructed homes that could be repaired were totally demolished to be rebuilt again. Some residents also accused authorities of preventing them from renovating their traditional houses with cement in order to preserve their historic value and attract tourists.{{cite news|last=Osman|first=Nadda|title=In Moroccan Amazigh villages mandatory traditional homes become deathtraps|url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/morocco-earthquake-minority-communities-and-villages-affected|access-date=11 September 2023|publisher=Middle East Eye|date=10 September 2023|archive-date=12 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912034623/https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/morocco-earthquake-minority-communities-and-villages-affected|url-status=live}}
See also
{{Portal|Earth sciences|Geology|Morocco}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{sister project links|d=Q122351413|c=Category:2023 Marrakesh-Safi earthquake|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}}
- {{ReliefWeb-link|EQ-2023-000166-MAR}}
{{Earthquakes in 2023}}
{{Earthquakes in Africa}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Al Haouz earthquake, 2023}}
Category:2023 disasters in Morocco
Category:September 2023 in Morocco
Category:Earthquakes in Morocco