Timoric languages

{{also|Babar languages}}

Geoffrey Hull (1998) proposes a Timoric group as follows:

{{tree list}}

• Timoric
• Timoric A ("Extra-Ramelaic", Fabronic; whatever is not Ramelaic)
• West: Dawan (Uab Meto)–Amarasi, Helong, Roti (Bilba, Dengka, Lole, Ringgou, Dela-Oenale, Termanu, Tii)
• Central: Tetun, Bekais, Habu
• North: Wetar, Galoli
• East: Kairui, Waimaha, Midiki, Naueti
• Timoric B ("Ramelaic", near the Ramelau range)
• West: Kemak, Tukudede
• Central: Mambai
• East (Idalaka): Idaté, Isní, Lakalei, Lolein

{{tree list/end}}

Van Engelenhoven (2009) accepts Hull's classification, but further includes Makuva and the Luangic–Kisaric languages (Kisar, Romang, Luang, Wetan, Leti) in the Eastern branch of Timoric A.{{cite book |last=van Engelenhoven |first=Aone |date=2009 |chapter=The position of Makuva among the Austronesian languages in East Timor and Southwest Maluku |editor1=Adelaar, K. Alexander |editor2=Pawley, Andrew |title=Austronesian historical linguistics and culture history: a festschrift for Robert Blust |place=Canberra |publisher=Australian National University |pages=425–442 |url=https://www.academia.edu/3709296}}

File:Timor Sprache en.png]]

In a lexicostatistical classification of the languages of Southwest Maluku, Taber (1993:396) posits a "Southwest Maluku" branch of the Timoric languages, that comprises all languages of the area, except for West Damar and the Babar languages.

{{tree list}}

• Timoric
• (other branches on Timor)
• Southwest Maluku
• East Damar
• Wetar: Talur, Wetar cluster (Aputai, Perai, Tugun, Iliun)
• Kisar-Roma: Kisar, Roma
• Luang: Leti, Luang, Wetan
• TNS (Teun-Nila-Serua): Teun, Nila-Serua (Nila, Serua)
• (other branches of CMP, including Babar languages and West Damar)

{{tree list/end}}

[[File:Timor languages according to Edwards (2020).pdf|thumb|Timor languages according to Edwards (2020){{Cite book

| vauthors=Edwards O

| title = Metathesis and unmetathesis in Amarasi

| place = Berlin

| publisher = Language Science Press

| date = 2020

| format = pdf

| url = http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/228

| doi = 10.5281/zenodo.3700413

| doi-access=free

| isbn = 978-3-96110-223-5

}}

]]

File:Metos cluster according to Edwards (2020).pdf

Edwards (2021) divides the languages of Timor and Southwest Maluku into two main branches, Central Timor and Timor–Babar:Edwards, Owen (2021). [https://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/n8704/pdf/book.pdf Rote-Meto Comparative Dictionary]. Canberra: ANU Press.

{{tree list}}

• Central Timor: Kemak, Tokodede, Mambae, Welaun
• Timor–Babar
• Helong
• Rote-Meto
• West Rote-Meto
• Dela, Oenale
• Dengka-Meto
• Dengka, Lelain
• Meto
• Nuclear Rote
• Tii, Lole
• Termanu, Ba'a, Korbafo, Bokai, Talae, Keka
• Bilbaa, Diu, Lelenuk
• Rikou, Landu, Oepao
• Lakalei–Idate: Lakalei, Idate
• Eastern Timor (Kawaimina): Kairui, Waimaha, Midiki, Naueti
• Wetar–Atauro: Atauran, Galoli, Wetarese
• Southwest Maluku: Kisar, Roma, Leti, Luang, Wetan, Teun, Nila, Serua, East Damar
• Babar languages

{{tree list/end}}

{{Reflist}}

• Hull, Geoffrey. 1998. "The basic lexical affinities of Timor's Austronesian languages: a preliminary investigation." Studies in Languages and Cultures of East Timor 1:97–202.
• Taber, Mark (1993). "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3623199 Toward a Better Understanding of the Indigenous Languages of Southwestern Maluku]." Oceanic Linguistics, Vol. 32, No. 2 (Winter, 1993), pp. 389–441. University of Hawai'i.

• [https://lexirumah.model-ling.eu/lexirumah/ LexiRumah] (part of the [http://www.model-ling.eu/ Lesser Sunda linguistic databases])
• [https://vici.marianklamer.org/ Reconstructing the past through languages of the present: the Lesser Sunda Islands]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20080119191225/http://www.asianlang.mq.edu.au/INL/langs.html The Languages of East Timor: Some Basic Facts] (Revised 24.8.2004) Geoffrey Hull

{{Central Malayo-Polynesian languages}}

{{Austronesian languages}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Timor-Babar languages}}

Category:Languages of Indonesia

Category:Languages of Timor-Leste