Turckheim

Archeological finds indicate the area was already inhabited during Ancient Rome. When the Germanic tribes invaded and crossed the Rhine, the Thuringii settled here and possibly gave their name to the town, which was first Thorencohaime and then Thuringheim. During the High Middle Ages Thuringheim is listed as belonging partly to the abbey of Munster and partly to the manor of Haut-Landsberg, centered in Kientzheim.

Turckheim became a free imperial city in 1312, and in 1315, the construction of ramparts was begun, which are still in good condition. It already had city rights and market rights in 1354, and from 1354 to 1679, Turckheim was part of the Décapole, a league of ten free imperial cities of the Holy Roman Empire. After the Peace of Westphalia (1648), Turckheim and the other Alsatian towns refused to swear allegiance to the French king.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}

During the Franco-Dutch War, the village of Turckheim was taken by French armies, led by Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Viscount of Turenne, which subsequently defeated armies of Austria and Brandenburg in what became known as the Battle of Turckheim (1675). Features of the village of Turckheim, especially the gates, help to identify the town in a fan currently in the Fan Museum in Greenwich, England.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1gpjVfednyQC&pg=PA67|pages=66–69|title=A Fanfare for the Sun King: Unfolding Fans for Louis XIV|first=Pamela |last=Cowen|publisher=Third Millennium Information|year= 2003|isbn=9781903942208}} In 1678, with the signing of the Treaties of Nijmegen, the French king assumed control over Turckheim.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}

In 1871, at the end of the Franco-Prussian War, the town, with the rest of the Alsace, became part of the German Empire. In 1918, it reverted to France.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}

Turckheim is one of only a few remaining towns in France with a municipal night watchman, who makes the rounds at 10 p.m. between 1 May and 31 October and on the three Saturdays preceding Christmas. Maintained for tourist reasons, the position commemorates the 13th-century night watchman who prevented a fire.{{cite web|language=fr|title=découvrir turkheim|url=http://www.turckheim.fr/decouvrir-turckheim/le-veilleur.htm|website=Turkheim.fr|access-date=3 April 2016}}{{cite book| language = fr | first = Pierre |last=Deslais | title = L'Alsace, géographie curieuse et insolite | publisher = Éditions Ouest France | year= 2014 | page = 83 | isbn = 978-2-7373-6364-1 }}

Turckheim lies in the valley of the river Fecht, downstream from Munster. It is 6 km west of the city centre of Colmar.

Turckheim has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in Turckheim is {{cvt|9.4|C}}. The average annual rainfall is {{cvt|828.0|mm}} with December as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around {{cvt|18.3|C}}, and lowest in January, at around {{cvt|1.2|C}}. The highest temperature ever recorded in Turckheim was {{cvt|35.7|C}} on 7 August 2015; the coldest temperature ever recorded was {{cvt|-20.0|C}} on 13 January 1987.

{{Weather box

|location = Turckheim[https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/metadonnees_publiques/fiches/fiche_68338001.pdf Météo-France weather station] (1981–2010 averages, extremes 1986−present)

|metric first = yes

|single line = yes

|collapsed=y

|Jan record high C = 17.7

|Feb record high C = 19.4

|Mar record high C = 23.5

|Apr record high C = 26.0

|May record high C = 30.9

|Jun record high C = 34.5

|Jul record high C = 35.5

|Aug record high C = 35.7

|Sep record high C = 30.4

|Oct record high C = 26.4

|Nov record high C = 19.2

|Dec record high C = 18.6

|year record high C = 35.7

|Jan high C = 3.8

|Feb high C = 4.7

|Mar high C = 8.1

|Apr high C = 12.1

|May high C = 17.0

|Jun high C = 20.1

|Jul high C = 22.3

|Aug high C = 22.2

|Sep high C = 17.5

|Oct high C = 13.0

|Nov high C = 7.4

|Dec high C = 4.1

|year high C = 12.7

|Jan mean C = 1.2

|Feb mean C = 1.9

|Mar mean C = 5.0

|Apr mean C = 8.4

|May mean C = 13.1

|Jun mean C = 16.1

|Jul mean C = 18.3

|Aug mean C = 18.3

|Sep mean C = 14.0

|Oct mean C = 10.1

|Nov mean C = 4.8

|Dec mean C = 1.7

|year mean C = 9.4

|Jan low C = -1.5

|Feb low C = -0.9

|Mar low C = 1.9

|Apr low C = 4.7

|May low C = 9.2

|Jun low C = 12.2

|Jul low C = 14.3

|Aug low C = 14.3

|Sep low C = 10.6

|Oct low C = 7.1

|Nov low C = 2.3

|Dec low C = -0.6

|year low C = 6.2

|Jan record low C = -20.0

|Feb record low C = -17.4

|Mar record low C = -13.5

|Apr record low C = -7.0

|May record low C = -0.5

|Jun record low C = 3.2

|Jul record low C = 6.3

|Aug record low C = 6.2

|Sep record low C = 2.5

|Oct record low C = -4.2

|Nov record low C = -11.7

|Dec record low C = -17.1

|year record low C = -20.0

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 65.4

|Feb precipitation mm = 65.0

|Mar precipitation mm = 63.0

|Apr precipitation mm = 54.3

|May precipitation mm = 79.8

|Jun precipitation mm = 69.7

|Jul precipitation mm = 75.0

|Aug precipitation mm = 67.6

|Sep precipitation mm = 65.2

|Oct precipitation mm = 81.0

|Nov precipitation mm = 60.6

|Dec precipitation mm = 81.4

|year precipitation mm = 828.0

|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm

|Jan precipitation days = 9.9

|Feb precipitation days = 10.1

|Mar precipitation days = 10.5

|Apr precipitation days = 10.5

|May precipitation days = 12.0

|Jun precipitation days = 10.9

|Jul precipitation days = 10.9

|Aug precipitation days = 10.1

|Sep precipitation days = 9.2

|Oct precipitation days = 10.4

|Nov precipitation days = 10.6

|Dec precipitation days = 10.9

|year precipitation days = 126.1

|source 1 = Météo France{{cite web

| url = https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/FichesClim/FICHECLIM_68338001.pdf

| title=Climate of Turckheim 1981-2010

| language = fr

| publisher = Météo-France

| access-date = June 15, 2022}}}}

{{Historical populations

|source = INSEE[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-68338#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE

|percentages = pagr

|align = none

|1968 |3028

|1975 |3609

|1982 |3510

|1990 |3567

|1999 |3594

|2007 |3731

|2012 |3723

|2017 |3776

}}

• Victor Sieg (1837 – 1899), composer and organist, was born in Turckheim. Rue Victor Sieg is named in his honour.Billich, André (1975). Histoire d'une ancienne ville impériale: Turckheim, pp. 83 and 171. Éditions Alsatia {{in lang|fr}}

• Communes of the Haut-Rhin department
• Drei-Ähren Railway

{{Reflist}}

{{Commons category|Turckheim}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110720212132/http://auplaisirduveilleur.club.fr/ Turckheim & Trois-Epis (french)]

{{Décapole}}

{{Upper Rhenish Circle}}

{{Haut-Rhin communes}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Turckheim}}

Category:1648 disestablishments

Category:States and territories established in 1312

Category:Communes of Haut-Rhin

Category:Populated places established in the 1310s

Category:Former republics

Category:Décapole

Category:Haut-Rhin communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia