Ulanqab

{{Short description|City in Inner Mongolia, China}}

{{Infobox settlement

|name = Ulanqab

|official_name =

|native_name = {{lang|zh-hans|乌兰察布市 • {{MongolUnicode|{{allow wrap|ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ}}|style=max-height:2.2em;text-align:left;word-break:normal}}}}

|settlement_type =Prefecture-level city

|total_type =

|image_skyline = Huanghuogou.jpg

|image_caption = Huanghuagou, a grassland scenic spot near Ulanqab

|image_map = Location of Ulaan Chab Prefecture within Inner Mongolia (China).svg

|map_caption = Location of Ulanqab City jurisdiction in Inner Mongolia

|pushpin_map = Inner Mongolia

|pushpin_label_position = left

|pushpin_map_caption = Location of the city centre in Inner Mongolia

|pushpin_mapsize = 240

|subdivision_type = Country

|subdivision_name = People's Republic of China

|subdivision_type1 = Autonomous region

|subdivision_name1 = Inner Mongolia

|seat_type = Municipal seat

|seat = Jining District

|named_for =

|area_magnitude =

|unit_pref =

|area_footnotes =

|area_total_km2 = 54473.6

|area_land_km2 =

|area_water_km2 =

|area_water_percent =

| area_metro_km2 = 2965.6

| area_urban_km2 = 521.6

| area_urban_footnotes =  (2017){{cite book |editor1=Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development |editor-link=Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development |title=China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017 |date=2019 |publisher=China Statistics Press |location=Beijing |page=46 |url=http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/xytj/tjzljsxytjgb/jstjnj/w02019012421874448287322500.xls |access-date=11 January 2020}}

|elevation_footnotes =

|elevation_m = 1378

|elevation_max_m =

|elevation_min_m =

|population_as_of = 2020 census{{Cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/neimenggu/admin/|title = China: Inner Mongolia (Prefectures, Leagues, Cities, Districts, Banners and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map}}

|population_footnotes =

|population_note =

|population_total = 1706328

|population_density_km2 =auto

|population_density_metro_km2 =auto

|population_density_urban_km2 =auto

| population_metro = 550231

| population_urban = 425059

| population_urban_footnotes =  

| demographics_type2 = GDP{{cite book |author=内蒙古自治区统计局、国家统计局内蒙古调查总队 |title=《内蒙古统计年鉴-2016》|year=2016|publisher=China Statistics Press |isbn=978-7-5037-7901-5}}

| demographics2_title1 = Prefecture-level city

| demographics2_info1 = CN¥ 91.4 billion
US$ 14.7 billion

| demographics2_title2 = Per capita

| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 43,221
US$ 6,939

|timezone = China Standard

|utc_offset = +8

|coor_pinpoint = Ulanqab government

|coordinates = {{coord|40.994|N|113.132|E|type:adm3rd_region:CN-15_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}

|postal_code_type = Postal code

|postal_code = 012000

|area_code = (0)474

|iso_code = CN-NM-09

|blank_name =

|blank_info =

|blank1_name =

|blank1_info =

|blank2_name =Licence Plate Prefix

|blank2_info ={{lang|zh-cn|蒙J}}

|blank3_name =

|blank3_info =

|website = {{URL|wulanchabu.gov.cn}}

|footnotes =

}}

{{Infobox Chinese

|s=乌兰察布 |t=烏蘭察布

|p=Wūlánchábù

|mong=ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠠᠪ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ

|monr=Ulaɣančab qota

|mon=Улаанцав хот

|order=st

}}

Ulanqab or Ulan Chab ({{lang-zh|s=乌兰察布|p=Wūlánchábù}}; {{langx|mn|17px}}Ulaɣančab qota-means in Mongolian Ulaan-red, Tsab/tsav is-hills; Mongolian Cyrillic: Улаанцав хот) is a region administered as a prefecture-level city in south-central Inner Mongolia, China. Its administrative centre is in Jining District, which was formerly a county-level city. It was established as a prefecture-level city on 1 December 2003, formed from the former Ulanqab League. The Ulanqab Stadium is located in the city.

Ulaan Chab city has an area of {{convert|54473.6|km²}}. It borders Hohhot to the west, Mongolia to the north, Xilin Gol League to the northeast, Hebei to the east and Shanxi to the south. As of the 2020 census, its total population was, 1,706,328 inhabitants (2,143,590 in 2010) whom 550,231 inhabitants lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Jining District and Qahar Right Front Banner largely conurbated in its northern part.{{Cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/neimenggu/admin/|title = China: Inner Mongolia (Prefectures, Leagues, Cities, Districts, Banners and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map}}

The western part of Ulaan Chab used to be part of the now-defunct Chinese province of Suiyuan.

Administrative subdivisions

Ulaan Chab has eleven administrative divisions: one district, one county-level city, five counties and four banners:

class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" align=center

!colspan="8" align="center" | Map

colspan="8" align="center" |

{{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Ulanqab.png|width={{{1|558}}}|link=}}

{{Image label|x=1140|y=1280|scale={{{1|558}}}/1860|text=Jining}}

{{Image label|x=850|y=1380|scale={{{1|558}}}/1860|text=Zhuozi
County
}}

{{Image label|x=1540|y=780|scale={{{1|558}}}/1860|text=Huade
County
}}

{{Image label|x=1300|y=950|scale={{{1|558}}}/1860|text=Shangdu
County
}}

{{Image label|x=1380|y=1380|scale={{{1|558}}}/1860|text=Xinghe
County
}}

{{Image label|x=840|y=1620|scale={{{1|558}}}/1860|text=Liangcheng
County
}}

{{Image label|x=1130|y=1380|scale={{{1|558}}}/1860|text=Qahar
Right Front
Banner
}}

{{Image label|x=850|y=1060|scale={{{1|558}}}/1860|text=Qahar
Right
Middle
Banner
}}

{{Image label|x=1080|y=1000|scale={{{1|558}}}/1860|text=Qahar
Right
Rear
Banner
}}

{{Image label|x=460|y=650|scale={{{1|558}}}/1860|text=Dorbod
Banner
}}

{{Image label|x=1180|y=1580|scale={{{1|558}}}/1860|text=Fengzhen}}

{{Image label end}}

Name

! Mongolian

! Hanzi

! Hanyu Pinyin

! Population
(2010 est.)

! Area (km2)

! Density (/km2)

Jining District

|{{MongolUnicode|ᠵᠢᠨᠢᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ|style=max-height:2em;word-break:normal}}
{{small|(Jiniŋ toɣoriɣ)}}

|{{lang|zh-hans|集宁区}}

|Jíníng Qū

|356,135

|418

|851

Fengzhen city

|{{MongolUnicode|ᠹᠧᠩᠵᠧᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ|style=max-height:2em;word-break:normal}}
{{small|(Fėŋjėn qota)}}

|{{lang|zh-hans|丰镇市}}

|Fēngzhèn Shì

|245,608

|2,704

|90

Zhuozi County

|{{MongolUnicode|ᠵᠦᠸᠧᠽᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ|style=max-height:2em;word-break:normal}}
{{small|(Jüvėdzi siyan)}}

|{{lang|zh-hans|卓资县}}

|Zhuózī Xiàn

|136,965

|3,119

|43

Huade County

|{{MongolUnicode|ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠳᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ|style=max-height:2em;word-break:normal}}
{{small|(Quvadė siyan)}}

|{{lang|zh-hans|化德县}}

|Huàdé Xiàn

|123,535

|2,527

|48

Shangdu County

|{{MongolUnicode|ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠳᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ|style=max-height:2em;word-break:normal}}
{{small|(Šaŋdu siyan)}}

|{{lang|zh-hans|商都县}}

|Shāngdū Xiàn

|234,417

|4,304

|54

Xinghe County

|{{MongolUnicode|ᠰᠢᠩᠾᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ|style=max-height:2em;word-break:normal}}
{{small|(Siŋhė siyan)}}

|{{lang|zh-hans|兴和县}}

|Xīnghé Xiàn

|220,067

|3,519

|62

Liangcheng County

|{{MongolUnicode|ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩᠴᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ|style=max-height:2em;word-break:normal}}
{{small|(Liyaŋčaŋ siyan)}}

|{{lang|zh-hans|凉城县}}

|Liángchéng Xiàn

|185,954

|3,451

|53

Qahar Right Front Banner
(Qahar Barun Garun Omnod Banner)

|{{MongolUnicode|ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ|style=max-height:2em;word-break:normal}}
{{small|(Čaqar Baraɣun Ɣarun Emünedü qosiɣu)}}

|{{lang|zh-hans|察哈尔右翼前旗}}

|Cháhā'ěr Yòuyì Qián Qí

|164,434

|2,734

|60

Qahar Right Middle Banner
(Qahar Barun Garun Dundad Banner)

|{{MongolUnicode|ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ|style=max-height:2em;word-break:normal}}
{{small|(Čaqar Baraɣun Ɣarun Dumdadu qosiɣu)}}

|{{lang|zh-hans|察哈尔右翼中旗}}

|Cháhā'ěr Yòuyì Zhōng Qí

|149,483

|4,200

|35

Qahar Right Rear Banner
(Qahar Barun Garun Hoit Banner)

|{{MongolUnicode|ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ|style=max-height:2em;word-break:normal}}
{{small|(Čaqar Baraɣun Ɣarun Qoyitu qosiɣu)}}

|{{lang|zh-hans|察哈尔右翼后旗}}

|Cháhā'ěr Yòuyì Hòu Qí

|150,174

|3,803

|39

Dorbod Banner

|{{MongolUnicode|ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ|style=max-height:2em;word-break:normal}}
{{small|(Dörbed qosiɣu)}}

|{{lang|zh-hans|四子王旗}}

|Sìzǐwáng Qí

|176,818

|24,016

|7

Geography and climate

Ulanqab features a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk), marked by long, cold and very dry winters, warm, somewhat humid summers, and strong winds, especially in spring. More than half of the annual precipitation of around {{convert|340|mm|in|1}} falls in July and August alone.

{{Weather box|width=auto

|metric first=y

|single line=y

|collapsed = Y

|location = Ulanqab (Jining District), elevation {{convert|1420|m|ft|abbr=on}}, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010)

|Jan record high C = 8.6 |Jan record low C = -32.4

|Feb record high C = 13.5 |Feb record low C = -30.6

|Mar record high C = 21.7 |Mar record low C = -24.3

|Apr record high C = 30.1 |Apr record low C = -14.5

|May record high C = 31.9 |May record low C = -6.0

|Jun record high C = 35.4 |Jun record low C = -0.1

|Jul record high C = 35.5 |Jul record low C = 6.9

|Aug record high C = 32.5 |Aug record low C = 0.0

|Sep record high C = 32.4 |Sep record low C = -6.5

|Oct record high C = 24.6 |Oct record low C = -14.5

|Nov record high C = 18.3 |Nov record low C = -27.8

|Dec record high C = 8.8 |Dec record low C = -31.6

|year high C = |year low C =

|year high F = |year low F =

|Jan high C = -5.6

|Feb high C = -1.1

|Mar high C = 5.7

|Apr high C = 14.0

|May high C = 20.3

|Jun high C = 24.7

|Jul high C = 26.4

|Aug high C = 24.8

|Sep high C = 19.8

|Oct high C = 12.4

|Nov high C = 3.1

|Dec high C = -4.2

|Jan mean C = -12.5

|Feb mean C = -8.3

|Mar mean C = -1.3

|Apr mean C = 7.0

|May mean C = 13.7

|Jun mean C = 18.4

|Jul mean C = 20.5

|Aug mean C = 18.7

|Sep mean C = 13.0

|Oct mean C = 5.5

|Nov mean C = -3.4

|Dec mean C = -10.5

|Jan low C = -17.7

|Feb low C = -14.0

|Mar low C = -7.5

|Apr low C = 0.2

|May low C = 6.7

|Jun low C = 11.8

|Jul low C = 14.7

|Aug low C = 12.8

|Sep low C = 6.9

|Oct low C = -0.3

|Nov low C = -8.3

|Dec low C = -15.2

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 1.6

|Feb precipitation mm = 2.3

|Mar precipitation mm = 6.6

|Apr precipitation mm = 16.3

|May precipitation mm = 31.7

|Jun precipitation mm = 51.6

|Jul precipitation mm = 109.3

|Aug precipitation mm = 69.4

|Sep precipitation mm = 44.9

|Oct precipitation mm = 18.9

|Nov precipitation mm = 6.4

|Dec precipitation mm = 1.7

|Jan humidity = 55

|Feb humidity = 48

|Mar humidity = 41

|Apr humidity = 36

|May humidity = 38

|Jun humidity = 49

|Jul humidity = 61

|Aug humidity = 62

|Sep humidity = 58

|Oct humidity = 53

|Nov humidity = 55

|Dec humidity = 55

|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm

|Jan precipitation days = 2.0

|Feb precipitation days = 2.3

|Mar precipitation days = 3.7

|Apr precipitation days = 4.5

|May precipitation days = 7.0

|Jun precipitation days = 11.7

|Jul precipitation days = 13.3

|Aug precipitation days = 11.1

|Sep precipitation days = 9.1

|Oct precipitation days = 5.1

|Nov precipitation days = 2.7

|Dec precipitation days = 1.9

|year precipitation days =

|Jan sun = 206.7

|Feb sun = 212.1

|Mar sun = 252.2

|Apr sun = 264.7

|May sun = 278.8

|Jun sun = 255.7

|Jul sun = 250.9

|Aug sun = 250.8

|Sep sun = 230.2

|Oct sun = 235.9

|Nov sun = 201.8

|Dec sun = 195.7

|year sun =

| Jan percentsun = 69

| Feb percentsun = 70

| Mar percentsun = 68

| Apr percentsun = 66

| May percentsun = 62

| Jun percentsun = 57

| Jul percentsun = 55

| Aug percentsun = 59

| Sep percentsun = 62

| Oct percentsun = 70

| Nov percentsun = 69

| Dec percentsun = 69

| year percentsun =

|Jan snow days = 3.3

|Feb snow days = 4.4

|Mar snow days = 5.3

|Apr snow days = 3.4

|May snow days = 0.4

|Jun snow days = 0

|Jul snow days = 0

|Aug snow days = 0

|Sep snow days = 0.1

|Oct snow days = 1.9

|Nov snow days = 4.4

|Dec snow days = 3.9

|year snow days =

|source 1 = China Meteorological Administration{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans |access-date=10 October 2023}}

{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans | access-date =10 October 2023 |title=Experience Template }}

| source 2 = Weather China{{cite web

| url = http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101080401.shtml?

| script-title=zh:集宁 - 气象数据 -中国天气网

| publisher = Weather China

| language = zh

| access-date = 29 November 2022}}

}}

Demographics

In the 2000 census, there were 2,284,414 inhabitants:

class="wikitable"
Ethnic group

! no. of inhabitants

! share

Han

| 2,203,345

| 96.45%

Mongols

| 60,064

| 2.63%

Manchu

| 11,792

| 0.52%

Hui

| 7,683

| 0.34%

Koreans

| 198

| 0.01%

Tujia

| 185

| 0.01%

Miao

| 175

| 0.01%

Other

| 972

| 0.04%

Transport

Ulanqab's transportation network is well-developed, connected by several railways and highways. Some of the railways the pass through the prefecture are the Beijing−Baotou, Jining−Erlianhot, and the Jining−Tongliao Railways. Major inter-provincial roads include the G6 Beijing–Lhasa Expressway ({{lang|zh-Hans-CN|京藏高速}}), China National Highway 110 (Beijing to Yinchuan, Ningxia) and 208 (Erlianhot, Inner Mongolia to Changzhi, Shanxi). The city is also served by Ulanqab Jining Airport.

Known people from Ulanqab

  • He Pingping (1988–2010) was the smallest walking man standing at just {{convert|73|cm|abbr=on}}
  • Guo Shuqing, banker, politician, Governor of Shandong

References

{{Reflist}}