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Settlement

Until the coming of the railways and, later, the motor-car, the Chilterns were largely rural with country towns situated on the main routes through the hills. The position of the hills, northwest of London, has affected the routing of major road, rail and canal routes. These were funnelled through convenient valleys and encouraged settlement and, later, commuter housing. As at 2002 there were 100,000 people living within the AoNB area of the Chilterns.[http://www.chilternsaonb.org/uploads/files/AboutTheChilterns DidYouKnow.pdf]Chilterns AoNB, Accessed 19 February 2012

The western edge of the Chilterns is notable for its ancient strip parishes, elongated parishes with villages in the flatter land below the escarpment and woodland and summer pastures in the higher land.{{cite book |last=Hepple|last2=Doggett|first=Leslie|first2=Alison |title=The Chilterns|year=1971 |publisher=Phillimore & Co Ltd |location=England |isbn=0 85033 833 6 }}

There major conurbations which lie adjacent to the area defined by the Chilterns AoNB as the Chiltern Hills:- Caversham, Hemel Hempstead,High Wycombe, Luton, Reading and Rickmansworth. There are also a number of smaller market towns which became established at the foot of the scarp slope, including Old Amersham, Beaconsfield, Berkhamsted, Chesham, Dunstable, Hitchin, Marlow and Tring.

Within the upland area there are a large number of villages and hamlets. In some cases these take the form of 'nucleated cluster' settlements, often centred around a village green or church. In other cases the villages and hamlets are characteristically 'nucleated row' settlements set out either side of a road running along a valley or hill ridge. The extent of the larger village settlements are typically coterminous with that of a single civil parish which also bears their name. Smaller settlemnts may be clusted together with the largers two both included in the parish name. There are over 120 civil parishes partially or fully within the Chiltern Hills area.These parishes, organised by county and district authority, are set out below.

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Settlement

=Oxfordshire=

===[[South Oxfordshire]]===

=[[Buckinghamshire]]=

===[[Aylesbury Vale]]===

===[[Chiltern (district)|Chiltern]]===

===[[South Bucks]]===

===[[Wycombe]]===

=[[Hertfordshire]]=

===[[Dacorum]]===

===[[Three Rivers]]===

===[[North Hertfordshire]]===

=[[Bedfordshire]]=

===[[Central Bedfordshire]]===