Vasily Kuznetsov (politician)

{{family name hatnote|Vasilyevich|Kuznetsov|lang=Eastern Slavic}}

{{Infobox officeholder

| image = Кузнецов В. В.png

| caption = Kuznetsov in {{Circa|1950}}

| name = Vasily Kuznetsov

| native_name = {{nobold|Василий Кузнецов}}

| native_name_lang = ru

| birth_date = {{birth date|1901|2|13|df=y}}

| birth_place = Sofilovka, Varnavinsky Uyezd, Kostroma Governorate, Russian Empire

| death_date = {{death date and age|1990|6|5|1901|2|13|df=y}}

| party = Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1927–1986)

| restingplace = Novodevichy Cemetery

| nationality = Soviet

| death_place = Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union

| office = Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union

| term_label = Acting

| term_start = 10 March 1985

| term_end = 27 July 1985

| predecessor = Konstantin Chernenko

| successor = Andrei Gromyko

| term_label1 = Acting

| term_start1 = 9 February 1984

| term_end1 = 11 April 1984

| predecessor1 = Yuri Andropov

| successor1 = Konstantin Chernenko

| term_label2 = Acting

| term_start2 = 10 November 1982

| term_end2 = 16 June 1983

| predecessor2 = Leonid Brezhnev

| successor2 = Yuri Andropov

| office3 = First Deputy Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union

| president3 = Leonid Brezhnev
Yuri Andropov
Konstantin Chernenko
Andrei Gromyko

| term_start3 = 7 October 1977

| term_end3 = 18 June 1986

| predecessor3 = Position re-established

| successor3 = Pyotr Demichev

| birth_name =

| ambassador_from =

| spouse = {{ill|Zoya Igumnova|ru|Игумнова, Зоя Петровна}} (m. 1926; died 1988)

| children = Era, Elena, Valery and Alexander

| education = Carnegie Mellon University (1918–1921)
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (1921–1926)

| footnotes = {{Collapsible list

|titlestyle= background-color:#FCF;text-align:center;

|title=Central institution membership

|bullets=on

| 1952–1956: Member of the 19th Presidium

| 1952–1986: Member of the 19th, 20th, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th and 27th Congresses of the Central Committee of CPSU

| 1946–1952: Member of the Organization Bureau of the 18th Congress

| 1952–1953: Member of the {{ill|Standing Commissions under the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee|ru|Постоянные комиссии при Президиуме ЦК КПСС (1952—1953)}}

| 1976–1986: Candidate member of the 25th, 26th and 27th Politburo of CPSU

| 1946–1986: Member of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th & 11th Convocations of the Soviet of Nationalities

| 1945–1953: Member of the General Council of the Executive Committee{{Cite web |url=http://www.personal-factor.ru/books/nngritsenko/kuznetsov-vasilii-vasi.html |title=Кузнецов Василий Васильевич 1901 1990 |website=personal-factor.ru |accessdate=2012-11-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131209164319/http://www.personal-factor.ru/books/nngritsenko/kuznetsov-vasilii-vasi.html |archivedate=2013-12-09 |url-status=dead }}

| 1980–1986: Member of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR

}}

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{{Collapsible list

|titlestyle= background-color:#FCF;text-align:center;

|title=Other political offices held

|bullets=on

| 1946–1950: 2nd Chairman of the Soviet of Nationalities

| 1955–1977: First Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

| 1953–1955: Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

| 10 Mar.–3 Dec. 1953: Ambassador to People's Republic of China

| 1944–1953: 5th Chairman of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions

| 1940–1944: Deputy Chairman of the USSR State Planning Committee

| 1945–1955: Vice Chairman of the World Federation of Trade Unions{{Cite web |url=http://www.personal-factor.ru/books/nngritsenko/kuznetsov-vasilii-vasi.html |title=Кузнецов Василий Васильевич 1901 1990 |website=personal-factor.ru |accessdate=2012-11-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131209164319/http://www.personal-factor.ru/books/nngritsenko/kuznetsov-vasilii-vasi.html |archivedate=2013-12-09 |url-status=dead }}

| 1943–1944: Chairman of the Central Committee of the Trade Union of Ferrous Metallurgy Workers of the Center{{Cite web |url=http://www.personal-factor.ru/books/nngritsenko/kuznetsov-vasilii-vasi.html |title=Кузнецов Василий Васильевич 1901 1990 |website=personal-factor.ru |accessdate=2012-11-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131209164319/http://www.personal-factor.ru/books/nngritsenko/kuznetsov-vasilii-vasi.html |archivedate=2013-12-09 |url-status=dead }}

}}

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}}

Vasily Vasilyevich Kuznetsov ({{langx|ru|Васи́лий Васи́льевич Кузнецо́в}}; {{OldStyleDate|13 February|1901|31 January}}{{spaced ndash}}5 June 1990) was a Russian Soviet politician who acted as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union from 1982 to 1983 (after the death of Brezhnev), for a second time in 1984 (after the death of Andropov), and for a third time in 1985 (after the death of Chernenko). He was one of the oldest members of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union was formally the highest state post. During the term of office, Kuznetsov was 81–82, 82–83, and 84 years old, respectively. He is the oldest head of the Soviet and Russian state in history (he was older than all three predecessors in this post).

Biography

= Early life =

Kuznetsov was born on February, 13 [O.S. 31 January] 1901, in the village of Sofilovka, Ovsyanovsky volost, Varnavinsky district, Kostroma province. Vasily's father, Vasily Mikhailov Kuznetsov, was a peasant, the head of a large, poor family. In 1915, He graduated from a rural school and immediately entered a pedagogical school in the village of Poretskoye, Chuvash Republic (then in Simbirsk Governorate). He studied at the school until 1919. With the beginning of the Civil War, he ended up in the ranks of the Red Army, until 1921. After the end of the war, he entered the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute, which he graduated in 1926. In the same year, he went to the Donbas, got a job as a research engineer at the Makeevsky Metallurgical Plant. Soon he was appointed shift engineer, then deputy chief. In 1930, he was the head of a open-hearth shop.

= Party career =

File:John_F._Kennedy,_Vasily_Kuznetsov.jpg) during a visit to the US in 1963]]

He joined the CPSU in May 1927. In 1931, Kuznetsov was among the workers of the Makeevka plant who went on an internship in the United States, at the Carnegie Institute of Technology. In 1936, he moved from Makeevka to the Moscow region, got a job at the Elektrostal plant as head of the metallographic laboratory. In September 1937, he began to rise to the highest echelons of power: Vasily began working in the apparatus of the People's Commissariat of Heavy Industry of the USSR. In 1946, he became chairman of the Soviet of Nationalities of the Supreme Soviet and a Deputy of the Soviet of Nationalities of the Supreme Soviet. He held the position until March 1953, at the same time being a member of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In 1953, he went to work at the USSR Foreign Ministry, for some time he headed the Soviet embassy in China. In 1955, he became the first deputy minister of foreign affairs of the USSR. After the head of the USSR Foreign Ministry Dmitry Shipilov was transferred to the secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPSU, He became one of the main candidates for the post of Minister of Foreign Affairs. However, Andrei Gromyko takes the position. Kuznetsov made an invaluable contribution to the settlement of the Caribbean crisis. As an official representative of the Soviet Foreign Ministry, Kuznetsov repeatedly met with the Americans, explaining to them the position of the USSR, in every possible way preventing a nuclear war. Another major achievement of Kuznetsov is the establishment of negotiations with China after the bloody clash on Damansky Island, which threatened to escalate into a full-scale war. He was the head of the Soviet delegation at the negotiations with the PRC on the demarcation of the border. In 1971, he was awarded the Hero of the Socialist Labor after his 70th birthday. Kuznetsov was engaged in the settlement of the Indo-Pakistani crisis, his diplomatic activity at least temporarily helped to avoid deepening the bloody conflict.

File:Kuznetsov_and_Sadat_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg in October 1973]]

In 1977, Kuznetsov became the first deputy chairman of the Presidium of the USSR. On 10 November, 1982, after the death of Brezhnev, Kuznetsov became the acting Chairman of the Presidium of the USSR until on 16 June, 1983, he was succeeded by Yuri Andropov.

Andropov was the head of the USSR for a short time – on 9 February, 1984, he died at the age of 69. Kuznetsov succeeded Andropov in 9 February to 11 April, 1984, Chernenko takes the position. Kuznetsov headed the USSR on 10 March, 1985 after the death of Chernenko. On 27 July, 1985, Gromyko was chosen by the Central Committee and succeeded Kuznetsov.

Later life and Death

He decided to retire in June 1986 and died of natural causes on 5 June, 1990, at the age of 89. He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery next to his wife. For a long time, Kuznetsov retained the title of the longest-lived Head of State of the USSR, but in 2021 the record was broken by Mikhail Gorbachev.

Awards

During his lifetime as a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, he had received several high awards and medals, including the Hero of the Socialist Labour twice.

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|Hero of Socialist Labour, twice (1971 & 1981)

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|Order of Lenin, seven times (1943, 1951, 1961, 1966, 1971, 1981 & 1986)

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|Order of the October Revolution

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|Order of the Red Banner of Labor

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|Order of the Red Star

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|Order of the Badge of Honor

|Stalin Prize, 2nd degree

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|Badge "50 Years in the CPSU" (1981)

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|Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin"

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|Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"

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|Medal "For the Defense of Moscow"

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|Jubilee medal "Forty years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945

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|Medal "Veteran of Labor"

References

Nikolai A. Zenkovič, [https://books.google.com/books?id=o9I0SDET8jsC&dq=%22%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%22&pg=PA289 Samye zakrytye ljudi i.]{{in lang|ru}} Encyclopedia of biographies, OLMA-Press, Moscow, 2002, {{ISBN|5-94850-035-7}}; pp. 298–292