Vulpavus

{{Automatic taxobox

| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|54.9|46.2}} early to middle Eocene

| image = Vulpavus at AMNH.jpg

| image_caption = Skeleton of Vulpavus ovatus at the American Museum of Natural History

| image2 = Vulpavus (Phlaodectes) ovatus (coloured).jpg

| image2_caption = Life restoration of V. ovatus

| display_parents = 3

| taxon = Vulpavus

| authority = Marsh, 1871

| type_species = †Vulpavus palustris

| type_species_authority = Marsh, 1871

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision = * †V. australis {{small|(Matthew & Granger, 1915)}}W. D. Matthew and W. Granger (1915.) [https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/1373 "A revision of the Lower Eocene Wasatch and Wind River faunas."] Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 34(1):1-103

†V. canavus {{small|(Cope, 1881)}}E. D. Cope (1881.) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044107354144&view=1up&seq=5&skin=2021 "On the Vertebrata of the Wind River Eocene beds of Wyoming."] Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey 6(1):183-202
†V. completus {{small|(Matthew, 1909)}}W. D. Matthew (1909.) [https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/5744 "The Carnivora and Insectivora of the Bridger Basin, middle Eocene."] Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 9:289-567
†V. farsonensis {{small|(Gunnell, 1998)}}G. F. Gunnell (1998.) [https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/48653 "Mammalian Fauna From the Lower Bridger Formation (Bridger A, Early Middle Eocene) of the Southern Green River Basin, Wyoming."] Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 30(3):83-130
†V. palustris {{small|(Marsh, 1871)}}O. C. Marsh (1871.) [https://www.ajsonline.org/content/s3-2/8/120 "Notice of some new fossil mammals and birds from the Tertiary formation of the West."] American Journal of Science 2(8):120-127
†V. profectus {{small|(Matthew, 1909)}}
Subgenus: †Phlaodectes {{small|(Matthew, 1909)}}
†V. ovatus {{small|(Matthew, 1909)}}

| synonyms = {{collapsible list |bullets=true |title=synonyms of species:

|{{collapsible list |bullets=true |title=V. australis:

|Vulpavus asius {{small|(Gazin, 1952)}}C. L. Gazin (1952.) [https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/23757/1952%20vol%20117%20gazin%20knight%20formation%201-82.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y "The Lower Eocene Knight Formation Of Western Wyoming and Its Mammalian Faunas."] Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 117(18):1-82

}}

|{{collapsible list |bullets=true |title=V. canavus:

|Miacis brevirostris {{small|(Cope, 1881)}}

|Miacis canavus {{small|(Cope, 1881)}}

|Prodaphaenus canavus {{small|(Wortman, 1901)}}J. L. Wortman (1901.) [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40243865#page/157/mode/1up "Studies of Eocene Mammalia in the Marsh Collection, Peabody Museum."] The American Journal of Science, series 4 12:193-206

|Uintacyon brevirostris {{small|(Matthew, 1899)}}J. L. Wortman and W. D. Matthew (1899.) [https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/1535//v2/dspace/ingest/pdfSource/bul/B012a06.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y "A provisional classification of the fresh-water Tertiary of the West."] Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 12:19-75

|Uintacyon canavus {{small|(Matthew, 1899)}}

}}

|{{collapsible list |bullets=true |title=V. ovatus:

|Phlaodectes ovatus {{small|(Matthew, 1909)}}

}} }}

}}

Vulpavus ("ancestor of foxes") is an extinct paraphyletic genus of placental mammals from clade Carnivoraformes, that lived in North America from the early to middle Eocene.{{cite book |last1=McKenna |first1=Malcolm C. |last2=Bell |first2=Susan K. |title=Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OLYifwU8bqQC&pg=PP9 |access-date=16 March 2015 |year=1997 |publisher=Columbia University Press |location=New York |isbn=978-0-231-11012-9}}J. J. Flynn (1998.) "Early Cenozoic Carnivora ("Miacoidea")." In C. M. Janis, K. M. Scott, and L. L. Jacobs (eds.) [https://books.google.com/books?id=I-RgojcDyWYC "Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America. Volume 1: Terrestrial Carnivores, Ungulates, and Ungulatelike Mammals."] Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. {{ISBN|0-521-35519-2}}

Phylogeny

The phylogenetic relationships of genus Vulpavus are shown in the following cladogram:{{cite book |last1=Flynn |first1=John J. |last2=Finarelli |first2=John A. |last3=Spaulding |first3=Michelle |year=2010 |chapter=Phylogeny of the Carnivora and Carnivoramorpha, and the use of the fossil record to enhance understanding of evolutionary transformations |editor-last=Goswami |editor-first=Anjali |editor-last2=Friscia |editor-first2=Anthony |title=Carnivoran evolution. New views on phylogeny, form and function |url=https://archive.org/details/carnivoranevolut00gosw |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume= |isbn=9781139193436 |doi=10.1017/CBO9781139193436.003 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/carnivoranevolut00gosw/page/25 25]–63}}{{cite journal |last1=Solé |first1=Floréal |last2=Smith |first2=Richard |last3=Coillot |first3=Tiphaine |last4=de Bast |first4=Eric |last5=Smith |first5=Thierry |title=Dental and tarsal anatomy of Miacis latouri and a phylogenetic analysis of the earliest carnivoraforms (Mammalia, Carnivoramorpha) |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=34 |issue=1 |year=2014 |issn=0272-4634 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2013.793195 |pages=1–21|bibcode=2014JVPal..34....1S |s2cid=86207013 }}{{cite journal |last1=Solé |first1=Floréal |last2=Smith |first2=Thierry |last3=De Bast |first3=Eric |last4=Codrea |first4=Vlad |last5=Gheerbrant |first5=Emmanuel |title=New carnivoraforms from the latest Paleocene of Europe and their bearing on the origin and radiation of Carnivoraformes (Carnivoramorpha, Mammalia) |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=36 |issue=2 |year=2016 |pages=e1082480 |issn=0272-4634 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2016.1082480|bibcode=2016JVPal..36E2480S |s2cid=87537565 }}{{Cite journal |last1=Tomiya |first1=S. |last2=Zack |first2=S. P. |last3=Spaulding |first3=M. |last4=Flynn |first4=J. J. |title=Carnivorous mammals from the middle Eocene Washakie Formation, Wyoming, USA, and their diversity trajectory in a post-warming world |year=2021 |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=95 |issue=Supplement S82 |pages=1–115 |doi=10.1017/jpa.2020.74|bibcode=2021JPal...95S...1T |doi-access=free |hdl=2433/274918 |hdl-access=free }}

{{clade |style=font-size:85%;line-height:100%;

|grouplabel1={{clade labels

|label1=†Gracilocyon/Oodectes clade |top1=17%

|label2=†Vulpavus clade |top2=58%

}}

|label1=Carnivoramorpha|sublabel1={{small|(Carnivora [sensu lato])}}

|1={{clade

|1={{clade

|thickness2=2 |thickness3=2

|1=†Viverravoidea

|label2=?|state2=dotted

|2=†Carnivoramorpha sp. (UALVP 50993 & UALVP 50994)