Westerdale

Westerdale village is a single street of around 25 houses, to the north east of a small stream which joins the Esk near Hunters Sty bridge. There is a church – Christ Church,{{cite web |title=The Benefice of the Moorland Parishes of Castleton, Commondale, Danby, Moorsholm and Westerdale |url=http://www.whitbydeanery.org/moorland_parishes.htm |website=www.whitbydeanery.org |accessdate=21 January 2019}} and a small, disused Methodist chapel.{{cite web |title=Genuki: The Wesleyan Chapel, Westerdale, Yorkshire (North Riding) |url=https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/NRY/Westerdale/PhotoFrames/WesterdaleWesleyan1849_2 |website=www.genuki.org.uk |accessdate=21 January 2019}} Close to the church can be found the Village Hall (formerly a small schoolhouse), a postbox and a telephone box. Ironstone was formerly mined in the village and the church sits on a plateau where the ironstone is just over {{convert|1|ft|m|1}} thick.{{Internet Archive|id=cu31924004543249|name=The geology of Eskdale, Rosedale, &c. (Explanation of quarter-sheet 96 N. E.) New series, sheet 43)|page=25}} The village is {{convert|10|mi}} south of Guisborough, {{convert|10|mi}} south east of Stokesley and {{convert|20|mi}} west of Whitby.{{cite book |last1=Bigland |first1=John |title=The beauties of England and Wales, or delineations, topographical, historical and descriptive of each county. Vol. 16 Yorkshire |date=1812 |publisher=Thomas Maiden |page=104|oclc=650374667}}

Westerdale Side is part of Westerdale, but is best approached from near the neighbouring village of Castleton. It is accessed by a narrow road running along the southwest of Castleton Rigg.

Westerdale Moor is an extensive upland area surrounding the farmland in Westerdale.{{cite web |title=North Yorks Moors National Park Landscape Character Assessment |url=https://www.northyorkmoors.org.uk/planning/framework/evidence-base/NYM-Landscape-Character-Assessment-reduced.pdf |website=northyorkmoors.org.uk |publisher=White Young Green |accessdate=21 January 2019 |page=43 |date=December 2004}} At its highest, Westerdale Moor rises to 429 metres in the vicinity of Ralphs Cross, and Baysdale Moor to the south-west reaches 433 metres at Stony Ridge{{cite web |title=North Yorks Moors National Park Landscape Character Assessment |url=https://www.northyorkmoors.org.uk/planning/framework/evidence-base/NYM-Landscape-Character-Assessment-reduced.pdf |website=northyorkmoors.org.uk |publisher=White Young Green |accessdate=21 January 2019 |page=27 |date=December 2004}} – the second highest point of the North York Moors.

Much of the moor is covered by peat and heather and descending into the dale, bilberry and some bracken can be found, with Soft rush and sphagnum in boggy areas. Bracken is no longer widespread on Westerdale Moor, since an eradication programme by a previous landowner. There are some trees by the streams which are tributaries of the Esk – mainly Alder, Mountain Ash, Birch, Oak and Holly. Near Stockdale beck are fragments of ancient woodland on steep slopes and, as in nearby Baysdale, a few junipers can be found.{{cite web |title=Moorland Research Review 2000–2005 |url=https://www.northyorkmoors.org.uk/discover/moorland/reports-and-resources/Moorland-Research-Review-2000-2006.pdf |website=northyorkmoors.org.uk |accessdate=21 January 2019 |page=34 |date=2007}} During the 19th century, the moor was the site of several collieries.{{cite web |title=The Moorland Collieries of North Yorkshire |url=http://nymcc.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/The-Moorland-Collieries-of-North-Yorkshire.pdf |website=nymcc.org.uk |accessdate=21 January 2019 |page=31 }}

Despite its rather remote upland location, Westerdale has been farmed for thousands of years. Soil types vary across the dale (and often in the same field), through strong clays to free-draining shale. Historically some of the more fertile lower fields grew a range of arable crops particularly barley, oats, turnips and potatoes, but more recently most farms concentrate on grass for grazing and the production of hay and silage as winter feed.{{cite web |title=Genuki: WESTERDALE: Geographical and Historical information from the year 1890., Yorkshire (North Riding) |url=https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/NRY/Westerdale/Westerdale90 |website=www.genuki.org.uk |accessdate=21 January 2019}}

Dividing and stock-proofing the fields, there are many miles of dry stone walls in several styles – and built over a very long timespan. There are also some good hedges and in recent years much work has been done to safeguard and improve both walls and hedges through a National Park sponsored programme.

File:Westerdale hall.jpg

Westerdale Hall is a substantial stone and slate-roofed building, located close to the west side of the village. It was designed by Thomas Henry Wyatt and originally built as a shooting lodge, mainly for grouse shooting in the late summer and autumn. After the Second World War it became a popular youth hostel, but is now a private residence with many of its original external features remaining intact.{{NHLE|desc=Westerdale Hall|num=1179138|grade=II|accessdate=21 January 2019}}

An ancient stone arch over the River Esk near the village.

By the road towards Kildale, but the modern road crosses the Esk by a ford nearby. This route would have been well travelled in the past, as the way to Baysdale Abbey and Gisborough Priory.

The bridge was restored by the Duncombe family in the late 19th century (a date stone on the downstream side states 1874), but the underside of the arch retains interesting Medieval ribbed stonework.

It is thought the Knights Templar may have been involved in the construction; it is of that period.{{cite news |title=Country walk from Castleton to Westerdale |url=https://www.yorkpress.co.uk/lifestyle/countrywalks/10392781.Country_walk_from_Castleton_to_Westerdale/ |accessdate=21 January 2019 |work=York Press |date=1 May 2013}}{{NHLE|desc=Hunter's Sty Bridge|num=1021021|grade=|accessdate=21 January 2019}}

The River Esk rises as numerous small streams in the upper part of Westerdale, known as "The Esklets" – which is close to neighbouring Farndale.{{cite web |title=About the River - Yorkshire Esk Rivers Trust |url=https://www.yorkshireeskriverstrust.org/abouttheriver.php |website=www.yorkshireeskriverstrust.org |accessdate=21 January 2019}} Until recently, water was extracted from these streams for public supply but this is no longer the case and the old pumping station stands empty.

Agricultural land and a hall, situated in the Westerdale area, were given to the Order of Knights Templar at an early period in the 12th century.{{cite web |title=Parishes: Westerdale {{!}} British History Online |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/north/vol2/pp413-417 |website=www.british-history.ac.uk |accessdate=21 January 2019}} The property was donated by Guido de Bovingcourt who owned the land, together with other holdings in nearby Baysdale (a.k.a. Basedale/Handale/ Grendale). Bovingcourt was a supporter of the Cistercians and donated other lands in the area to them including Battersby, Stokesley, Newby, and Baysdale itself.{{cite book |last1=Walker Ord |first1=John |title=The history and antiquities of Cleveland : comprising the wapentake of East and West Langbargh, North Riding, County York |date=1846 |publisher=Simpkin & Marshall |location=London |page=237|oclc=1048899800}}

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{{Commons category|Westerdale, North Yorkshire|Westerdale}}

• [http://westerdale.info/ Westerdale News]
• [http://eskvalley.com/westerdale/ A page on EskValley.com]

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Category:Villages in North Yorkshire

Category:Civil parishes in North Yorkshire

Category:Valleys of the North York Moors