York, Pennsylvania

{{Further|Pennsylvania in the American Revolution}}

File:Golden Plow York PA.JPG]]

File:Articles of Confederation 13c 1977 issue.JPG

File:Pennsylvania - York - NARA - 68148585 (cropped).jpg

York was also known as Yorktown in the mid-18th to early 19th centuries. It was founded in 1741 by settlers from the Philadelphia region and named for the English city of the same name. By 1777, most of the area residents were of German or Scots-Irish descent.{{cite web |last=Glatfelter |first=Charles H |title=The Continental Congress Meets a German Town |url=http://www.hsp.org/default.aspx?id=492 |work=hsp.org |publisher=The Historical Society of Pennsylvania |access-date=June 19, 2009}} It was incorporated as a borough on September 24, 1787, and as a city on January 11, 1887.

York served as the temporary base for the Continental Congress from September 30, 1777, to June 27, 1778, during the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783). Congress drafted and adopted the Articles of Confederation in York, though they were not ratified until March 1781. Congress met at the Court House that was built in 1754. It was demolished in 1841 and rebuilt in 1976 as Colonial Court House.{{cite web |url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/buildings/section6 |title=Court House, York: Sept. 30, 1777 – June 27, 1778 |website=Office of the Historian, U.S. Department of State |access-date=March 27, 2023}}{{cite news |url=https://www.ydr.com/story/news/history/blogs/yorkspast/2017/11/15/articles-york/107702754/ |title=Early U.S. constitution adopted 240 years ago in York Town |date=November 15, 2017 |newspaper=York Daily Record |first=Stephen H. |last=Smith |access-date=March 27, 2023}}

York styles itself the first Capital of the United States, although historians generally consider it to be the fourth capital, after Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Lancaster (for one day).{{cite web |first=Cecil |last=Adams |author-link=Cecil Adams

|url=https://www.straightdope.com/21343695/york-pennsylvania-first-capital-of-the-united-states

|title=The Straight Dope: York, Pennsylvania: First capital of the United States?

|work=The Straight Dope |date=December 10, 2004}} The claim arises from the assertion that the Articles of Confederation was the first legal document to refer to the colonies as "the United States of America".{{cite news

|url=http://www.ydr.com/ntbf/ci_4336786

|title=History of York: 1776–1789

|access-date=September 19, 2007

|date=September 14, 2006

|newspaper=York Daily Record

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071114083755/http://www.ydr.com/ntbf/ci_4336786

|archive-date=November 14, 2007

}} The argument depends on whether the Declaration of Independence would be considered a true legal document of the United States, being drafted under and in opposition to British rule. This does not, however, prevent local businesses and organizations in the York area from using the name, such as First Capital Engineering, First Capital EMS, and First Capital Federal Credit Union.

The Conway Cabal was a political intrigue against General George Washington that originated in the Golden Plough Tavern in York.{{cite book |last1=McClure |first1=James |last2=Strong |first2=Kim |title=Nine Months in York Town: American Revolutionaries Labor on Pennsylvania's Frontier |date=2001 |publisher=York Daily Record, York Newspaper Co., York County Heritage Trust |location=York, Pa. |isbn=9780971041608}}

{{See also|Pennsylvania in the American Civil War}}

File:Wm Goodridge House.JPG, a successful black businessman who ran an Underground Railway station]]

According to U.S. census reports from 1800 through 1840, York ranked within the nation's top one hundred most populous urban areas.

During the American Civil War (1861–1865), York became the largest Northern town to be occupied by the Confederate army when the division of Major General Jubal Anderson Early spent June 28–30, 1863 in and around the town while the brigade of John B. Gordon marched to the Susquehanna River at Wrightsville and back. Early placed York under tribute status and collected food, supplies, clothing, shoes, and $28,000 in cash from citizens and merchants before departing westward, obeying the revised orders of Robert E. Lee.

The sprawling York U.S. Army Hospital on Penn Commons served thousands of Union soldiers who had been wounded during the battles of Antietam and Gettysburg.Mingus, Scott L., Flames Beyond Gettysburg: The Gordon Expedition, June 1863. (Columbus, Ohio: Ironclad Publishing, 2009)

During the Postbellum era (1865–1877), York remained a regional center for local agriculture, but increasingly became an important industrial center, with such industries as steam engines, railroad manufacturing, and papermaking achieving dominant status.

To this day, York still features unique architecture, ranging from colonial era buildings to large gothic churches.

{{Further|Pfaltzgraff|Pullman automobile}}

File:Pullman.jpg, manufactured on North George St. in the early 20th century]]

The York Motor Car Co. built Pullman automobiles on North George St. from 1905 through 1917. An early and unique six-wheeled prototype was involved in one of the city's first known automobile accidents.{{cite web |url=http://ydr.inyork.com/ntbf/ci_4336810 |title=1903: York County; Six-wheeled car crashes |access-date=April 17, 2008 |date=September 14, 2006 |newspaper=York Daily Record / Sunday News |archive-date=November 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123150329/http://ydr.inyork.com/ntbf/ci_4336810 |url-status=dead}} Another model was driven to San Francisco and back during roughly one month to prove its reliability several years prior to the creation of the Lincoln Highway which ran through town, connecting New York City and San Francisco.

The York area had also been home for more than 100 hundred years to the Pfaltzgraff company, which built its first pottery factory in the area in 1895 and continued manufacturing in York until 2005.{{cite web

|url = http://ydr.com/story/main/80854/

|title = Pfaltzgraff plant to close (250 jobs lost)

|date = August 13, 2005

|newspaper = York Daily Record

|first = Andréa Maria

|last = Cecil

|access-date = February 21, 2014

|archive-date = December 1, 2005

|archive-url = http://web.archive.bibalex.org/web/20051201191129/http://ydr.com/story/main/80854/

|url-status = dead

|id={{ProQuest|274705852}}

}}

Although currently produced by the Hershey Company, the York Peppermint Pattie was created in York in 1940.{{cite web |url=http://www.hersheys.com/products/details/york.asp |title=YORK peppermint pattie |access-date=September 19, 2007 |publisher=The Hershey Company |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070807115621/http://www.hersheys.com/products/details/york.asp |archive-date = August 7, 2007}}

Throughout the middle of the 20th century, several incidents of racial prejudice and social injustices occurred in the city.{{cite web

|url = http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/04/21/york.democrats/index.html?iref=polticker

|title = Race riot lingers in York, PA, 39 years later

|date = August 21, 2008

|publisher = CNN Washington Bureau

|access-date= February 11, 2015}} Between 1955 and 1970 there were several racial disturbances, most notably the 1969 York Race Riot, which resulted in the deaths of Lillie Belle Allen and Henry C. Schaad. These murders were largely left ignored until thirty-one years later, when allegations of murder and racial prejudice were raised against the mayor, Charlie Robertson.{{cite web

|url=http://www.yorkpahistory.com/1969-york-race-riots-background/

|title=1969 York race riots: The murders of Lillie Belle Allen and Henry C. Schaad

|date=March 9, 2005

|newspaper=York Daily Record

|access-date=February 11, 2015

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211085417/http://www.yorkpahistory.com/1969-york-race-riots-background/

|archive-date=February 11, 2015

}} Additionally, the city commonly held unopposed Ku Klux Klan rallies and public meetings, fostering further racial tension.{{cite web |url = http://www.yorkblog.com/yorktownsquare/2011/11/17/the-day-the-kkk-cried-discrimination-in-york-pa/

|title = KKK Files Complaint Against Hotel

|date = April 2, 1987

|newspaper = York Daily Record

|access-date = February 11, 2015}} Though the murders of Allen and Schaad were solved and the perpetrators were apprehended, the actions, which originated back to the beginnings of the hate group, continue to the present day.{{cite web |url =http://lancasteronline.com/news/local/klan-activity-in-york-county-and-maybe-lancaster-doesn-t/article_e00b3a40-cb16-11e3-996f-0017a43b2370.html

|title = Klan activity in York County, and maybe Lancaster, doesn't ruffle feathers of local law enforcement

|date = April 23, 2014

|publisher = Lancaster Online

|first = Tom

|last = Knapp

|access-date = February 11, 2015}}

In 2002, the city faced a budget shortfall of $1,000,000 (~${{Format price|{{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=1000000|start_year=2002}}}} in {{Inflation/year|US-GDP}}). Mayor John S. Brenner's plan to raise the money by asking York County's 302,000 adult residents to donate $3.32 to the city received national attention.{{cite news

|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2002/12/21/us/national-briefing-mid-atlantic-pennsylvania-mayor-seeks-3-donations.html?scp=4&sq=York,%20Pennsylvania%20&%20Brenner&st=cse

|title = National Briefing: Mid-Atlantic: Pennsylvania: Mayor Seeks $3 Donations

|access-date =June 19, 2009

|date = December 21, 2002

|work=The New York Times

}} The plan, referred to by some as the "Big Mac" Plan, did not raise all of the funds sought.

After many years of attempting to secure funding for a stadium and a baseball team to play in it, the first decade of the century saw York realize both goals. In 2007, Santander Stadium (now WellSpan Park), home of the York Revolution, opened in the Arch Street neighborhood. The stadium, along with other large projects such as the York County Judicial Center and the Codo luxury apartment lofts, have come to symbolize York's extensive redevelopment efforts.

{{clear left}}

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|5.3|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|5.2|sqmi|km2}} is land and {{convert|0.1|sqmi|km2}} (1.14%) is water.

York has a humid continental climate (Dfa) with hot, humid summers and moderately cold winters. The mean annual precipitation total of {{convert|41.1|in|mm|abbr=off|sp=us}} is fairly evenly spread throughout the year, and falls on an average of 126.6 days per annum. Record temperatures from the York COOP range from {{convert|107|°F|0}}, set on July 2, 1901, down to {{convert|−21|°F|0}}, recorded on January 28, 1925, and January 21, 1994; at York Airport, with a considerably shorter period of record, the range is {{convert|100|°F|0}}, set on July 22, 2011, down to {{convert|−12|°F|0}} as recently as March 6–7, 2015.{{cite web |url=https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=ctp |title=NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date=2015-07-23}} The York COOP also holds the official statewide 24-hour precipitation record of {{convert|13.5|in|mm|abbr=on}} set on June 22, 1972, due to the impact of Hurricane Agnes.{{cite web |title=State Climate Extremes Committee (SCEC) |url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/extremes/scec/records/pa |publisher=National Climatic Data Center |access-date=23 September 2019}}

{{Weather box

|location = York, Pennsylvania (1991–2020 normals)

|single line = Y

| Jan high F = 41.2

| Feb high F = 45.3

| Mar high F = 54.5

| Apr high F = 67.2

| May high F = 76.5

| Jun high F = 83.9

| Jul high F = 87.7

| Aug high F = 86.0

| Sep high F = 79.7

| Oct high F = 68.2

| Nov high F = 55.7

| Dec high F = 44.9

|year high F = 65.9

|Jan mean F = 31.2

|Feb mean F = 34.3

|Mar mean F = 42.4

|Apr mean F = 53.6

|May mean F = 63.1

|Jun mean F = 71.2

|Jul mean F = 75.4

|Aug mean F = 73.8

|Sep mean F = 67.1

|Oct mean F = 55.6

|Nov mean F = 44.4

|Dec mean F = 35.5

|year mean F = 54.0

| Jan low F = 21.3

| Feb low F = 23.2

| Mar low F = 30.2

| Apr low F = 40.0

| May low F = 49.7

| Jun low F = 58.5

| Jul low F = 63.1

| Aug low F = 61.5

| Sep low F = 54.5

| Oct low F = 43.0

| Nov low F = 33.1

| Dec low F = 26.1

|year low F = 42.0

|Jan record high F =

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|precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation inch = 3.27

| Feb precipitation inch = 2.81

| Mar precipitation inch = 4.01

| Apr precipitation inch = 3.62

| May precipitation inch = 4.20

| Jun precipitation inch = 4.29

| Jul precipitation inch = 4.52

| Aug precipitation inch = 3.96

| Sep precipitation inch = 5.10

| Oct precipitation inch = 3.94

| Nov precipitation inch = 3.22

| Dec precipitation inch = 3.52

|year precipitation inch = 46.46

| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in

| Jan precipitation days = 10.3

| Feb precipitation days = 9.6

| Mar precipitation days = 11.6

| Apr precipitation days = 11.6

| May precipitation days = 12.7

| Jun precipitation days = 12.0

| Jul precipitation days = 11.0

| Aug precipitation days = 9.6

| Sep precipitation days = 9.6

| Oct precipitation days = 8.4

| Nov precipitation days = 10.0

| Dec precipitation days = 10.5

| year precipitation days = 126.9

|Jan snow inch = 8.5

|Feb snow inch = 8.2

|Mar snow inch = 3.9

|Apr snow inch = 0.2

|May snow inch = 0.0

|Jun snow inch = 0.0

|Jul snow inch = 0.0

|Aug snow inch = 0.0

|Sep snow inch = 0.0

|Oct snow inch = 0.0

|Nov snow inch = 0.5

|Dec snow inch = 3.3

|year snow inch = 24.6

|unit snow days = 0.1 in

|Jan snow days = 3.3

|Feb snow days = 3.0

|Mar snow days = 1.7

|Apr snow days = 0.2

|May snow days = 0.0

|Jun snow days = 0.0

|Jul snow days = 0.0

|Aug snow days = 0.0

|Sep snow days = 0.0

|Oct snow days = 0.0

|Nov snow days = 0.3

|Dec snow days = 1.5

|year snow days = 10.0

|source 1 = NOAA{{citation

| url =

| title = NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data

| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

}}{{cite web

| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/normals-monthly/1991-2020/access/USC00369933.csv

| title = Monthly Normals 1991-2020

| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

| access-date = July 23, 2022

}}}}

{{US Census population

|1790= 2096

|1800= 2503

|1810= 2847

|1820= 3107

|1830= 4216

|1840= 4779

|1850= 6803

|1860= 8603

|1870= 11003

|1880= 13940

|1890= 20793

|1900= 33708

|1910= 44750

|1920= 47512

|1930= 55254

|1940= 56712

|1950= 59953

|1960= 54504

|1970= 50008

|1980= 44619

|1990= 42192

|2000= 40862

|2010= 43718

|2020= 44800

|align-fn=center

|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|author=United States Census Bureau|access-date=November 21, 2013|author-link=United States Census Bureau}}{{cbignore}}{{cite web |title=Census 2020 |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/yorkcitypennsylvania/PST045219}}

}}

York is the largest principal city of the York–Hanover–Gettysburg CSA, a Combined Statistical Area that includes the York–Hanover metropolitan area (York County) and the Gettysburg micropolitan area (Adams County),{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070526063716/http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metro_general/2006/List4.txt METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS AND COMPONENTS]}}, Office of Management and Budget, 2007-05-11. Accessed August 1, 2008.{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070629011245/http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metro_general/2006/List5.txt MICROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS AND COMPONENTS]}}, Office of Management and Budget, 2007-05-11. Accessed August 1, 2008.{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070629011223/http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metro_general/2006/List6.txt COMBINED STATISTICAL AREAS AND COMPONENT CORE BASED STATISTICAL AREAS]}}, Office of Management and Budget, 2007-05-11. Accessed August 1, 2008. which had a combined population of 473,043 at the 2000 census.

As of the 2020 United States census, York had a population of 44,800, of which 38.1% were Hispanic/Latino, 32.4% were non-Hispanic White, 23.1% were non-Hispanic Black, 0.8% were Asian, 0.2% were Native American or Pacific Islander, and 5.4% were mixed or other.{{cite web | url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=York%20City,%20Pennsylvania%20&y=2020&d=DEC%20Redistricting%20Data%20%28PL%2094-171%29&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 | title=Explore Census Data}}

As of the 2010 census,{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=August 18, 2016 |title=U.S. Census website |df=mdy}} the city was 51.2% White, 28.0% Black or African American, 0.6% Native American, 1.2% Asian, and 6.3% were two or more races. 28.5% of the population were of Hispanic or Latino ancestry.

As of the census of 2000, there were 40,862 people, 16,137 households, and 9,246 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|7,852.2|pd/sqmi}}. There were 18,534 housing units at an average density of {{cvt|3,561.6|/sqmi}}.

The racial makeup of the city was 59.75% White, 25.13% African American, 0.42% Native American, 1.40% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 9.40% from other races, and 3.83% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 17.19% of the population.

There were 16,137 households, out of which 30.9% had children under the age of eighteen living with them; 31.0% were married couples living together, 20.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.7% were non-families. 33.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was sixty-five years of age or older.

The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.17.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 28.4% under the age of eighteen, 11.4% from eighteen to twenty-four, 30.1% from twenty-five to forty-four, 19.1% from forty-five to sixty-four, and 10.9% who were sixty-five years of age or older. The median age was thirty-one years.

For every one hundred females, there were 93.0 males. For every one hundred females who were aged eighteen or older, there were 88.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,475, and the median income for a family was $30,762. Males had a median income of $26,792 compared with that of $20,612 for females.

The per capita income for the city was $13,439.

Roughly 20.0% of families and 23.8% of the population were living below the poverty line, including 31.8% of those who were under the age of eighteen and 15.8% of those who were aged sixty-five or older.

York was the home of dental equipment and false teeth giant Dentsply Sirona until the company moved its headquarters to Charlotte, North Carolina in 2019.{{Cite press release|url=https://investor.dentsplysirona.com/news-releases/news-release-details/dentsply-sirona-board-approves-relocation-headquarters-charlotte|title=Dentsply Sirona Board Approves Relocation of Headquarters to Charlotte N.C. and Announces CFO Transition Plan|website=Dentsply Sirona|date=May 23, 2019}} Though founded in New York by four men, the company moved its headquarters to the site of its factory in the 1900s, where it was run by one of the four founders, George H. Whiteley. Whiteley was an experienced ceramist who was familiar with the process of making artificial teeth. Whiteley was sent by the group to oversee the factory and his family presided over the factory for multiple generations. Dentsply Sirona is a NASDAQ listed company, and internationally known throughout the dentistry business.{{cite web |url=http://www.dentsply.com/en/company/company-overview.html |title=Company Overview |publisher=Dentsply.com |access-date=2015-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150112070831/http://www.dentsply.com/en/company/company-overview.html |archive-date=January 12, 2015 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}{{cite web |url=http://www.dentsply.com/en/company/heritage.html |title=Heritage |publisher=Dentsply.com |access-date=2015-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141226141709/http://www.dentsply.com/en/company/heritage.html |archive-date=December 26, 2014 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}{{cite web|url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/dentsply-international-inc-history/ |title=History of Dentsply International Inc. – FundingUniverse |publisher=Fundinguniverse.com |access-date=2015-12-23}}

York Barbell, which is located in Manchester Township, is a reseller of barbells and other equipment for weight training and bodybuilding, and is the home of the USA Weightlifting Hall of Fame.{{cite web

|url = http://www.yorkbarbell.com/hallfame/hall00.html

|title = Hall of Fame

|access-date =July 3, 2007

|publisher = York Barbell Company

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070611122442/http://www.yorkbarbell.com/hallfame/hall00.html |archive-date = June 11, 2007}}

A large Harley-Davidson motorcycle factory, which employs roughly half of Harley's production workforce, is located just northeast of York in Springettsbury Township.{{Cite web |last=Musselman |first=Ron |title=Harley-Davidson to reopen Springettsbury Twp. plant starting Friday |url=https://www.yorkdispatch.com/story/news/local/2020/05/20/harley-davidson-reopen-springettsbury-twp-plant-starting-friday/5228786002/ |access-date=2025-01-19 |website=York Dispatch |language=en-US}}

The York area is also home to two major manufacturers of modern hydro-power water turbines, Voith Hydro in West Manchester Township{{cite web

|url = http://voith.com/en/press/press-releases-99_39510.html

|title =Voith celebrates 135th anniversary in York, Pennsylvania

|access-date =April 24, 2013

|publisher =Voith Group

}} and American Hydro in Hellam Township,{{cite journal

|title = Bibliographic Citation

|last = Lagassa

|first = G.

|journal = North American Turbine Companies

|publisher = U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Scientific and Technical Information

|date = March 1, 1990

|volume = 20

|issue = 3

|osti = 5425668}} both of which manufacture enormous parts in their plants.

Spring Garden Township, directly south of York, is the headquarters to York International, a Johnson Controls Company and one of the largest suppliers of HVAC systems in the United States. On February 2, 1998, a massive explosion occurred at the York International plant. A spark set off a leak in the nearby propane storage house, causing a blast that was felt up to twenty-five miles away, which blew out nearby windows and knocked down doors. Roughly twenty people were injured, and one person was killed in the explosion, which occurred during a shift change.{{cite web

|url = http://epw.senate.gov/105th/tay_10-7.htm

|title = Statement of Andrea Kidd Taylor, Dr.P.H.

|access-date =August 26, 2007

|date = October 7, 1998

|work = Statements from Hearings held in the 105th Congress, Second Session

|publisher = U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works

}}{{cite news

|url = http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb3071/is_199903/ai_n13102685

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071115012026/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb3071/is_199903/ai_n13102685

|url-status = dead

|archive-date = 2007-11-15

|title = OSHA to Reduce York's Citations and Fines

|access-date =August 26, 2007

|date=March 1999

|publisher = LookSmart Find Articles

}}

The Stauffer Biscuit Company, owned by Meiji Seika of Japan since February 2004, which was previously based in York, has produced animal crackers since 1871; it is currently based in Spring Garden Township.{{cite web|url=http://www.stauffers.net/company/history |title=Stauffer's Company History |access-date=September 13, 2008 |work=stauffers.net |publisher=Stauffer Biscuit Company |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080908095717/http://www.stauffers.net/company/history |archive-date=September 8, 2008}}

Just north of York in East Manchester Township is one of only four Starbucks roasting facilities in the world.{{cite web

|url=http://www.starbucks.com/aboutus/Company_Timeline_Feb06.pdf

|title=Company Timeline

|access-date=August 26, 2007

|date=August 2006

|publisher=Starbucks Corporation

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070810200408/http://www.starbucks.com/aboutus/Company_Timeline_Feb06.pdf

|archive-date=August 10, 2007

|df=mdy

}}

The York area also boasts a BAE Systems Inc. facility in West Manchester Township which assembles various military tanks and equipment.{{cite web |url=http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/BAE_Systems_To_Remanufacture_And_Upgrade_Bradley_Vehicles_999.html |title=BAE Systems To Remanufacture And Upgrade Bradley Vehicles |access-date=September 13, 2008 |work=spacedaily.com |publisher=SpaceDaily |date=August 9, 2006}}

The P.H.Glatfelter paper company, founded in 1864, was headquartered in York until mid-2020 when it relocated to Charlotte, North Carolina. Glatfelter had sold its nearby Spring Grove paper mill in 2018.{{cite news |url=https://www.ydr.com/story/news/local/2020/02/11/p-h-glatfelter-set-relocate-hq-york-north-carolina-2020/4721945002/ |title=P.H. Glatfelter set to relocate HQ from York to North Carolina in 2020 |date=February 11, 2020 |newspaper=York Daily Record |first=Neil |last=Strebig |url-access=limited |access-date=February 12, 2020}} The paper mill is now operated by Pixelle Specialty Solutions.{{cite news |first=Harrison |last=Jones |date=April 16, 2025 |url=https://www.ydr.com/story/money/business/2025/04/16/pixelle-to-relocate-operations-to-spring-grove-upon-closing-ohio-mill/83116656007/ |title=Spring Grove paper mill will get new operations as Pixelle closes Chillicothe, Ohio plant |newspaper=York Daily Record |access-date=April 16, 2025 |url-access=limited}}

In addition, Christmas Tree Hill, a popular national Christmas, home decor and gift retailer, has been based in York since its founding in 1971. Its flagship location is housed in the historic Meadowbrook Mansion, which was built in East York during the early 1800s.{{cite web |url=https://www.christmastreehill.com/hisofman.html |title=History of the Mansion |access-date=July 11, 2020 |publisher=Christmas Tree Hill}} The six columns on the mansion's front porch were reused from the second York County Courthouse cupola, which had been located at 28 East Market Street from 1841 until it was taken down in 1898 to make room for the third courthouse.{{cite web|url=https://yorkblog.com/yorkspast/court-columns-meadowbrook/ |title=Historic Courthouse Columns built into Meadowbrook Mansion |date=April 23, 2017 | newspaper=York Daily Record | access-date=July 11, 2020 |department=York's Past |first=Stephen H. |last=Smith}}

{{Main|National Register of Historic Places listings in York County, Pennsylvania}}

File:York Meeting WSW.JPG

Historic sites include the 1741 Golden Plough Tavern,{{cite web |url=http://www.yorklinks.net/VirtYork/plough.htm |title=Golden Plough Tavern |access-date=June 20, 2009 |publisher=Scott D. Butcher}} the 1751 General Horatio Gates House,{{cite web |url=http://www.yorklinks.net/VirtYork/gateshse.htm |title=General Horatio Gates House |access-date=June 20, 2009 |publisher=Scott D. Butcher}} the 1766 York Meetinghouse,{{cite web |url=http://www.livingplaces.com/PA/York_County/York_City/York_Meetinghouse.html |title=York Meetinghouse |access-date=June 20, 2009 |publisher=The Gombach Group}} the 1863 Billmeyer House,{{cite web |url=http://www.yorklinks.net/VirtYork/billmyr.htm |title=The Billmeyer House |access-date=June 20, 2009 |publisher=Scott D. Butcher}} the 1888 York Central Market,{{cite web |url=http://www.yorklinks.net/VirtYork/cntrlmrk.htm |title=Central Market House |access-date=June 20, 2009 |publisher=Scott D. Butcher}} and the 1907 Moorish Revival Temple Beth Israel.

Other notable buildings include the Laurel-Rex Fire Company House, Forry House, Farmers Market, Barnett Bobb House, Cookes House, United Cigar Manufacturing Company building, Stevens School, York Dispatch Newspaper Offices, and York Armory.{{NRISref|version=2010a}}

The city is also home to four national historic districts: Fairmount Historic District, Northwest York Historic District, Springdale Historic District, and York Historic District.

Much of York's culture represents the city's evolving role as an agricultural and industrial center. The historic York State Fair, which claims to be the country's oldest,{{cite web

|url=http://www.yorkfair.org/history.htm

|title=York Fair: Our History

|access-date=August 26, 2007

|publisher=York County Agricultural Society

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070830052800/http://www.yorkfair.org/history.htm

|archive-date=August 30, 2007

}} traces its roots to 1765. It runs every year in late July for ten days, encompassing an entire week and two weekends. In addition to typical fair attractions, such as rides, games and contests, it also wins regional recognition for hosting many musical artists, such as Alabama, Gretchen Wilson, Carrie Underwood, Toby Keith, and Lynyrd Skynyrd.{{cite web

|url = http://www.yorkheritage.org/articles/html/colonial725.html

|title = Media Center: York Fair

|access-date =August 26, 2007

|publisher = York County Heritage Trust

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060812052838/http://www.yorkheritage.org/articles/html/colonial725.html |archive-date = August 12, 2006}}{{cite web

|url=http://www.yorkfair.org/events.htm

|title=York Fair: Events

|access-date=August 26, 2007

|publisher=York County Agricultural Society

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070830112710/http://www.yorkfair.org/events.htm

|archive-date=August 30, 2007

}}{{cite web

|url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2202&dat=20050831&id=EXolAAAAIBAJ&pg=5155,3238390

|title = The 241st. York Fair starts Sept 9

|access-date = June 21, 2016

|publisher = Gettysburg Times

}}

{{Main list|List of performers at the York State Fair}}

The fairgrounds, branded the York Expo Center, also hosts the annual National Street Rod Association Street Rod Nationals East, the largest annual street rod event in the Eastern US.{{cite web

|url=http://www.nsra-usa.com/east.htm

|title=NSRA Street Rod Nationals East

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010142631/http://nsra-usa.com/east.htm

|archive-date=October 10, 2007

}} The event brings thousands of street rods into the city for a few days in June. On Friday afternoons of the event, the city holds a parade through the center of the city for participating vehicles.

York City Recreation and Parks helps sponsor the Olde York Street Fair{{Cite web|url=https://www.yorkcity.org/visitor/annual-york-city-events/|title=Annual York City Special Events}} each year on Mothers Day, the second Sunday of May – a tradition since the early 1980s. In recent years, more than 150 art, craft and food vendors have lined Market and George streets. Average attendance was 60,000 people as of 2004, according to city officials.{{cite web

|url=http://www.yorkcity.org/pdf/parks/2004specialeventssponsor.pdf

|title=2004 City of York Special Events Sponsorship Opportunities

|access-date=August 26, 2007

|author=York City Recreation & Parks

|publisher=City of York, Pennsylvania

|page=5

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928123654/http://www.yorkcity.org/pdf/parks/2004specialeventssponsor.pdf

|archive-date=September 28, 2007

}}

File:YorkPaStrandCapital.jpg

York is home to DreamWrights Center for Community Arts, The Belmont Theatre, the Pullo Center at Penn State York and the Appell Center for the Performing Arts, formerly known as the Strand-Capitol Performing Arts Center, which hosts nationally acclaimed acts in York. Performers here have included Kenny G, Bill Cosby,{{cite web |url=http://www.factorycapital.com/ |title=York Pennsylvania Factory Tour Capital of the World |access-date=December 15, 2007 |publisher=Factory Capital}} B.B. King,{{cite web |url=http://www.bbking.com/comments/default.aspx/cid/368/tid/118363 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070701034500/http://www.bbking.com/comments/default.aspx/cid/368/tid/118363 |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 1, 2007 |title=B.B. King: April 28, 2007 – York, PA, USA – Strand Capital Theater |access-date=December 15, 2007 |publisher=bbking.com}} Béla Fleck,{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/bfft2004-04-21.shnf |title=Bela Fleck and the Flecktones Live at Strand Theatre on 2004-04-21 |date=April 21, 2004 |access-date=December 17, 2007 |publisher=Internet Archive}} and George Carlin.{{cite web|url=http://www.yorktowne.com/things_to_do.html |title=Things To Do |access-date=December 15, 2007 |publisher=The Yorktowne Hotel |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111083741/http://www.yorktowne.com/things_to_do.html |archive-date=January 11, 2008}}

The historic Capitol Theatre also features many independent and foreign films, making it the only venue in York (and sometimes the entire Susquehanna Valley) to feature some rare, yet critically acclaimed films. The Strand Studio has also branched out and offers live music, usually jazz and acoustic, for the community. In 2017, DreamWrights underwent the largest renovation in its twenty-year history, adding a second performance space among other improvements.{{cite news |url=http://www.ydr.com/story/news/2017/08/31/big-changes-script-yorks-dreamwrights-theater/594237001/ |title=Million-dollar makeover in the script for York's DreamWrights theater |orig-year=Published online August 31, 2017 |date=September 7, 2017 |access-date=September 9, 2017 |newspaper=York Daily Record |first=Gary |last=Haber |url-access=limited}}

The York County History Center (YCHC) is a not-for-profit educational institution that preserves and uses its collections, historic sites and museums to encourage exploration of the history and culture of York County, Pennsylvania. YCHC maintains eight historical sites that demonstrate three hundred years of York County's history. The YCHC was founded in 1999 after a merger of the Historical Society of York County and the Agricultural and Industrial Museum of York County (AIM). Currently, the YCHC historical sites include the Worker's House, which was erected circa 1875, the Golden Plough Tavern, which was built sometime around 1741, the Barnett Bobb Log House, which was erected in 1812, the Bonham House, which was built circa 1885, and the old Eastern Market House, which was erected sometime around 1886.

In 1992, AIM acquired an industrial complex consisting of six buildings, which were built roughly between 1874 and 1955; three of the buildings were renovated and now house the industrial portion of the collection. The YCHC also hosts a variety of events throughout the year and holds the rights to the Murals of York, a group of paintings that depict York's history.

The History Center also purchased a former Met-Ed steam plant in York in late 2015 and plans to turn it into a new history center. In 2016, what was the York County Heritage Trust rebranded as the York County History Center.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}}

File:Live Chili Cookoff 2008.jpg, a leading alternative rock band from York, performing in May 2008]]

The York Factory Whistle holds the world record for the loudest music without amplification from a non-musical instrument.{{cite web |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/loudest-whistle-steam |access-date=December 22, 2014 | publisher=Guinness World Records |date=December 12, 2002 |title=Loudest whistle, steam}} Every Christmas Eve, the whistle uses a compressor to create air pressure, then releases it through a series of tubes using a device much like a slide whistle. (Prior to 2010, the pressure was created using steam produced by a boiler.) The music has had a loudness of 140 dB and can be heard ten to twelve miles away with proper weather conditions. Christmas music is played for a short time around midnight. It is thought that this annual tradition was started around 1925.{{cite news |title=The world's loudest music without amplification from a non-musical instrument |last=McClure |first=Jim |date=January 6, 2006 |department=York Town Square |newspaper=York Daily Record}}{{cite web|url=http://www.lyhr.org/Details.aspx?id=142 |title=Steam Whistle Concert |access-date=September 20, 2007 |publisher=Lancaster-York Heritage Region |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930085620/http://www.lyhr.org/Details.aspx?id=142 |archive-date=September 30, 2007}}{{cite web|url=http://www.newyorkwireind.com/2010/11/new-york-wire-keeps-whistling-holiday-favorites/ |title=New York Wire Keeps Whistling Holiday Favorites |access-date=January 28, 2012 |publisher=New York Wire Company |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305100442/http://www.newyorkwireind.com/2010/11/new-york-wire-keeps-whistling-holiday-favorites/ |archive-date=March 5, 2012}} Other sources date the tradition circa 1888 or earlier.{{cite news |url=https://www.ydr.com/story/news/2018/11/29/york-pa-factory-steam-whistle-concert-scheduled-christmas-tradition-carols/2144382002/ |title=York Factory Whistle Concert tradition on Christmas Eve will continue this year |date=November 29, 2018 |first=Geoff |last=Morrow |newspaper=York Daily Record |access-date=December 4, 2018 |url-access=limited}} The annual concert has been performed by members of the Ryan family since the 1950s.{{Cite web |last=McClure |first=Jim |title=New York Wire factory whistle concert: 'We'd stand out on our driveway to hear it' |url=https://www.ydr.com/story/news/history/blogs/york-town-square/2008/12/29/new-york-wire-cloth/31697445/ |access-date=2025-02-17 |website=York Daily Record |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=McClure |first=Jim |title=New York Wire's musical factory steam whistle - by the numbers |url=https://www.ydr.com/story/news/history/blogs/york-town-square/2007/12/14/new-york-wires-musical-factory/31755267/ |access-date=2025-02-17 |website=York Daily Record |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Stephen H. |date=2014-12-22 |title=Origins of the Christmas Eve Factory Whistle Concert in York, PA |url=https://yorkblog.com/yorkspast/origins-of-the-christmas-eve-factory-whistle-concert-in-york-pa/ |access-date=2025-02-17 |website=YorksPast |language=en-US}} The factory whistle master since 1955 is Donald Ryan.{{Cite web |last=Ho |first=Harper |title=York Factory Whistle Concert: A unique Christmas tradition returns |url=https://www.yorkdispatch.com/story/news/2021/12/10/york-factory-whistle-concert-unique-christmas-tradition-returns/6445779001/ |access-date=2025-02-17 |website=York Dispatch |language=en-US}}{{Cite news |date=2022-12-25 |title=The York Factory Whistle keeps Christmas tradition alive |url=https://www.abc27.com/holidays/the-york-factory-whistle-keeps-christmas-tradition-alive/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250112135019/https://www.abc27.com/holidays/the-york-factory-whistle-keeps-christmas-tradition-alive/ |archive-date=2025-01-12 |access-date=2025-02-17 |work=ABC27 |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=VanAsdalan |first=Lindsay C. |title=International fame for York County factory whistle tradition |url=https://www.yorkdispatch.com/story/news/2017/12/17/international-fame-york-county-factory-whistle-tradition/957496001/ |access-date=2025-02-17 |website=York Dispatch |language=en-US}}

After the New York Wire Cloth Company plant closed in 2013, Metso moved the whistle to its factory in York and continued the annual concert tradition.{{cite news |url=http://www.yorkblog.com/yorkspast/2013/10/08/26-new-york-wire-cloth-company-in-york-original-home-of-the-christmas-eve-factory-whistle-concert/ |title=#26 New York Wire Cloth Company in York; Original Home of the Christmas Eve Factory Whistle Concert |newspaper=York Daily Record |date=October 8, 2013 |access-date=February 1, 2016 |last=Smith |first=Stephen H.}} Metso announced in August 2015 that it would close its York plant by the end of March 2016.{{cite news |url=http://www.witf.org/news/2015/08/metso-to-close-york-plant-by-end-of-march.php |title=Metso to close York plant, 80 layoffs expected |website=WITF |first=Gary |last=Haber |date=August 18, 2015}} As of December 2017, the building was still owned by Metso and the annual twenty-five-minute York Factory Whistle Concert remained scheduled, along with two daytime rehearsal sessions.{{cite news |newspaper=York Daily Record |date=December 4, 2017 |title=What's up with the York Factory Whistle Concert? |first=Teresa |last=Boeckel |url=http://www.ydr.com/story/news/2017/12/04/whats-up-york-factory-whistle-concert-york/920730001/ |access-date=December 10, 2017 |url-access=limited}}

By December 2018, the hosting factory building was owned by 240 Arch LLC, and the air compressor (to be moved there for rehearsals and the concert) was trailer-mounted. Another early Christmas concert and Saturday-before practice were announced for 2019.{{cite news |url=https://www.ydr.com/story/news/local/community/2019/12/07/york-pa-factory-steam-whistle-concert-christmas-tradition-2019/4364886002/ |title=A York tradition: Christmas Factory Whistle Concert will play again this year |date=December 7, 2019 |newspaper=York Daily Record |first=Kevin |last=Moore |access-date=December 11, 2019 |url-access=limited}}

The alternative rock band Live is from York.{{cite web

|url = http://www.friendsoflive.com/band.php#5

|title = Biography

|access-date = August 26, 2007

|publisher = Friends of Live

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070821184532/http://www.friendsoflive.com/band.php#5

|archive-date = August 21, 2007

|url-status = dead

|df = mdy-all

}} Many of Live's songs are about the town including "Shit Towne" from their most successful album Throwing Copper.{{cite web |url=http://www.songmeanings.net/lyric.php?lid=40949#73014656028 |title=Live – Shit Towne |access-date=September 19, 2007 |date=May 26, 2004 |publisher=Song Meanings}}

Several community bands that formed during the 19th and early 20th centuries continue to perform in York as it is the closest city to the groups. They include the Emigsville Band of Emigsville, Spring Garden Band of Spring Garden Township, Brodbecks Band of Jefferson, Red Lion-Felton Band of Red Lion, and Twin Rose Community Band of Wrightsville.{{Cite web |last=McClure |first=Jim |date=2007-08-16 |title=York County community bands play on |url=https://yorkblog.com/yorktownsquare/post-114/ |access-date=2024-01-08 |website=York Town Square |language=en-US}} Donald Ryan, the Factory Whistle Master, previously served as a Director of the Emigsville Band. The Unforgettable Big Band, a big band founded in 2000, features volunteer musicians from the area, and performs across the Mid-Atlantic.{{Cite web |last=Sholtis |first=Brett |title=Big bands to put Valencia Ballroom's rich history on display |url=https://www.ydr.com/story/news/2017/04/12/big-bands-put-valencia-ballrooms-rich-history-display/100280976/ |access-date=2025-02-17 |website=York Daily Record |language=en-US}}

York is home to many veteran as well as up-and-coming talented artists and musicians from all genres including funk, blues, jazz, rock, experimental, country, and bluegrass. The rock band Hexbelt is known for its brand of "Susquehanna Hexbelt Swing" music.{{cite web |url=http://flymagazine.net/welcome-jamrock-hexbelt/ |title=Welcome to jam/rock: Hexbelt |magazine=Fly |date=November 10, 2014 |access-date=February 1, 2016 |first=Mike |last=Andrelczyk |quote=a term that came from a tagline from the original ... album – 'Susquehanna funky hexbelt swing' – and a nod to the Pennsylvania Dutch influence on the area. |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151012040153/http://flymagazine.net/welcome-jamrock-hexbelt/ |archive-date=October 12, 2015}} York hosts a variety of open mics and underground venues such as the Sign of the Wagon{{cite magazine |url=http://yrkmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/YRK_SUMMER.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127171632/http://yrkmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/YRK_SUMMER.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2016-01-27 |title=Get Groovin' in the Music Mecca |magazine=YRK Magazine |page=6 |date=Summer 2015 |access-date=February 1, 2016}} and The Depot.{{cite web |url=http://yorkcity.org/performance |title=Musical & Intimate Performing Arts Venues |publisher=City of York, Pennsylvania |access-date=February 1, 2016 |quote=The Depot: A hip concert venue featuring punk, trash, jam and indie bands appealing to the funkier set... Thursdays @ 9:30pm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907210904/http://yorkcity.org/performance |archive-date=September 7, 2015 |df=mdy-all}} Astro Lasso, an electronic indie pop band from York managed by Frankie Muniz, toured with We the Kings in 2017.{{cite web |url=https://aquarteryoung.com/2017/04/25/astro-lasso-gives-back-during-first-nation-wide-tour-motivating-youth-to-explore-music-and-creativity/ |title=Astro Lasso gives back during first nation-wide tour, motivating youth to explore music and creativity |website=A Quarter Young |date=April 25, 2017 |first=Leviana |last=Coccia |access-date=November 23, 2017}}

The York chapter of the Barbershop Harmony Society, performing as the White Rose Chorus, was founded in 1945.{{cite magazine |url=https://issuu.com/theharmonizer/docs/hzr_may-june_2016_-_final |title=Planning the long-term future of the Society |date=May 2016 |magazine=The Harmonizer |page=3 |first=Marty |last=Monson |via=Issuu |access-date=November 18, 2021}}

The area's main shopping centers are York Galleria and West Manchester Town Center.

{{Further|York Revolution}}

File:PeoplesBank Park Entrance.jpg, then known as PeoplesBank Park]]

The York Revolution plays in the independent Atlantic League of Professional Baseball. After thirty-six years without professional baseball, the Revolution arrived in 2007 to fill the void left by the departed York White Roses. The Revolution is named after the city's colonial past, when the Continental Congress met in York and passed the Articles of Confederation during the Revolutionary War, and continues the old baseball rivalry between York and the nearby city of Lancaster.{{cite web |url=http://lancasterbarnstormers.com/news.cfm?newsID=229 |title=Opening Shots Fired in "War of the Roses" : Lancaster, York To Renew Storied Baseball Rivalry |access-date=August 6, 2008 |work=lancasterbarnstormers.com |publisher=Lancaster Barnstormers & Keystone Baseball |date=April 4, 2007}} The Revolution plays at WellSpan Park in York's Arch Street neighborhood, which features a plaza and statue in honor of MLB Hall of Fame third baseman Brooks Robinson, a one-time member of the aforementioned White Roses, with whom he made his professional baseball debut in 1955. Prior to his death, Robinson served as a special assistant and advisor to Opening Day Partners, the group largely responsible for bringing professional baseball back to York.

WellSpan Park has the distinction of having the tallest wall in baseball. At thirty-seven feet, eight inches, the left field wall of York's ballpark surpasses the height of the Green Monster at Fenway Park, the home of the Boston Red Sox.

The people of York (the White Rose City) and the similar city of Lancaster (the Red Rose City) across the Susquehanna River often engage in rivalry and competition that has its roots in the Wars of the Roses. Both cities take their names from the English cities, York and Lancaster, from which the opposing royal houses took their names in the fifteenth-century wars.

The War of the Roses All-Star Game is played in York every year over the weekend of Thanksgiving. The game pits the best high school football players in their senior seasons from the York-Adams League against a similar team from the Lancaster-Lebanon League. As the game only involves seniors and occurs during the first weekend of the PIAA District 3 football playoffs (players on teams which qualify for the playoffs do not participate), it is the final high school football game for each of the participants.

Former Minnesota Vikings, Atlanta Falcons, and San Francisco 49ers defensive lineman Chris Doleman graduated from York's William Penn High School.{{cite news |title=Lineup full of sports stars with York County links |last=McClure |first=Jim |date=June 16, 2007 |work=York Town Square |publisher=York Newspaper Company}} York was the birthplace of former New York Giants Linebacker Andre Powell,{{cite web|url=http://www.databasefootball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=POWELAND01 |title=Andre Powell |access-date=July 28, 2008 |work=databasefootball.com |publisher=databaseSports.com |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113212833/http://www.databasefootball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=POWELAND01 |archive-date=January 13, 2009}} former Miami Dolphins running back Woodrow (Woody) Bennett,{{cite news |title=York County has produced star NFL players |last=McClure |first=Jim |date=December 17, 2007 |work=York Town Square |publisher=York Newspaper Company}} former Los Angeles Raiders and Atlanta Falcons Tackle/Guard Lincoln Kennedy{{cite web |url=http://www.raidersonline.org/lincoln-kennedy.php |title=Lincoln Kennedy |access-date=July 28, 2008 |publisher=Oakland Raiders Online |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724162123/http://www.raidersonline.org/lincoln-kennedy.php |archive-date=July 24, 2008 |df=mdy-all}}{{cite web |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/K/KennLi00.htm |title=Lincoln Kennedy Statistics |access-date=July 28, 2008 |work=pro-football-reference.com |publisher=Sports Reference LLC}} and former Atlanta Falcons safety Omar Brown. Tampa Bay Buccaneers head coach, Bruce Arians, is also a graduate of William Penn Senior High School (1970).{{cite news |url=http://www.yorkblog.com/yorktownsquare/2011/02/06/super-bowl-york-county/ |title=York County, Pa.'s steel and green links to the Super Bowl |access-date=April 30, 2011 |last=McClure |first=Jim |date=February 6, 2011 |work=York Town Square |publisher=York Newspaper Company}}{{cite news |url=http://www.yorkblog.com/yorktownsquare/2009/02/steeler-player |title=Names of stars from York County with pro sports links just keep increasing |access-date=April 30, 2011 |last=McClure |first=Jim |date=February 5, 2009 |work=York Town Square |publisher=York Newspaper Company}} New York Giants Offensive Tackle William Beatty is also a York, Pennsylvania native. Former Pittsburgh Steelers fullback Jon Witman graduated from Eastern York High School.{{cite news |url=https://www.pennlive.com/pennstatefootball/index.ssf/2018/03/penn_state_jon_witman_steelers.html |title=Jon Witman and wife Michelle on his struggle with addictive opioid pain medications and their life now |date=March 21, 2018 |website=PennLive |access-date=June 16, 2018 |quote=A decade and a half of football, first at Eastern York High}}

The York Capitals indoor football team was founded in 2012 and began play with the American Indoor Football league in April 2013.{{cite news|url=http://www.yorkdispatch.com/ci_22133238/york-capitals-introduce-their-first-four-players |title=York Capitals introduce their first four players |date=December 6, 2012 |access-date=December 10, 2012 |newspaper=York Dispatch |first=John |last=Walk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928141547/http://www.yorkdispatch.com/ci_22133238/york-capitals-introduce-their-first-four-players |archive-date=September 28, 2013}} The team moved to Harrisburg after its 2015 league championship and was renamed the Central Penn Capitals before it folded in 2016.

The Bob Hoffman Auditorium at York Barbell hosts a variety of powerlifting, Olympic lifting, strongman and bodybuilding competitions and shows.{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Navaroli |title=World's best descend on York Barbell |work=ydr.inyork.com |date=June 24, 2009 |access-date=July 7, 2009 |quote=Powerlifters big and small will descend upon York this weekend for the International Powerlifting Association's World Powerlifting and Bench Press Championships at York Barbell. |url=http://ydr.inyork.com/ci_12675415 |archive-date=November 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123150320/http://ydr.inyork.com/ci_12675415 |url-status=dead}}

York is home to the "Plywood Hoods", a group of BMX freestylers, including Kevin Jones, who gained broad acclaim in the 1980s and 1990s.{{cite web

|url = http://www.23mag.com/videos/dorkin/dorkin.htm

|title = Dorkin' Videos

|access-date =August 26, 2007

|publisher = 23mag BMX

}}{{cite web

|url = http://www.global-flat.com/articles/index.php?id=78

|title = The Plywood Hoods ruined my life: the Brett Downs Interview

|access-date =August 26, 2007

|publisher = Global Flat

}}

York is also the home of the York County Silver Bullets semiprofessional football team (Colonial Football Alliance). In its 2006 inaugural season, the team had a record of 5–5 and gained a playoff berth, though lost in its first round.{{cite web|url=http://www.cfafootball.net/Standing2006.html |title=Standing 2006 |access-date=August 26, 2007 |date=October 14, 2006 |publisher=Colonial Football Alliance |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928032928/http://www.cfafootball.net/Standing2006.html |archive-date=September 28, 2007}}

"The Pogo Squad", a group of about twelve extreme pogo performers, is located in York. It participates in area events, including the York St. Patrick's Day Parade,{{cite web

|url=http://www.leechvideo.com/video/view2975780.html

|title=The Pogo Squad in the St. Patrick's Day Parade

|access-date=September 6, 2007

|year=2005

|publisher=Leech Video

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929101937/http://www.leechvideo.com/video/view2975780.html

|archive-date=September 29, 2007

|url-status=dead

|df=mdy

}} and perform shows.{{cite web

|url = http://thepogospot2.tripod.com/id58.html

|title = Book the Pogo Squad

|access-date =September 6, 2007

|publisher = The Pogo Spot

}} A photo of one member's pogo stunt against a sunset background won first place out of over eight hundred entries in a 2007 York newspaper photo contest.{{cite web

|url=http://www.ydr.com/livingfull/ci_6783041

|title=A leap ahead

|access-date=September 6, 2007

|last=Burke

|first=Melissa Nann

|date=September 2, 2007

|newspaper=York Daily Record

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070904035856/http://www.ydr.com/livingfull/ci_6783041

|archive-date=September 4, 2007

}}

York was also home to the Thunder D'ohm Skateboard Park, now defunct. A new park, "Reid Menzer Memorial Skatepark", was built and named for a York Catholic High School student who was killed while riding a skateboard.{{cite web|url=http://www.reidmenzermemorialskatepark.org/Home_Page.html |title=Reid Menzer Memorial Skatepark |access-date=February 29, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080322012407/http://www.reidmenzermemorialskatepark.org/Home_Page.html |archive-date=March 22, 2008}}

York US30 was a drag strip just outside York. It held the 1965 Super Stock championships – "the largest one day drag race" in the United States. An annual Musclecar Madness event is held in York to commemorate the defunct strip.{{cite web|url=http://www.thevintageracer.com/us30/yorkus30_01.htm|title=York US30 Dragway|publisher=Vintage Racer|access-date=September 12, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517160030/http://www.thevintageracer.com/us30/yorkus30_01.htm|archive-date=May 17, 2008|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}

York will host the 2019 PDGA Amateur Disc Golf World Championships, having won against six other tournament-hosting bids. The tournament director will be Chas Ford. Disc golf courses to be used include those at Gifford Pinchot State Park, Codorus State Park, Muddy Run, and more. The week-long event will take place in mid-July.{{Cite web|url=https://www.pdga.com/2019-pdga-majors-announced|title=2019 PDGA Majors Announced|first=M|last=Downes|date=December 13, 2017|website=PDGA|access-date=April 24, 2018}}

York was featured during the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election, when National Public Radio's Michele Norris and Steve Inskeep chose to showcase the city in "The York Project: Race & the '08 Vote." The program was aired as a seven-part series and featured different York citizens discussing race relations, racial perceptions, and the emotions inspired by the 2008 election. Norris stated that York was chosen due to its central location in a battleground state, its rich history (including its strained race relations), and demographics.{{cite web

|url=http://propagandica.wordpress.com/2009/03/07/the-york-project-race-the-08-vote/

|title=The York Project: Race & the '08 Vote

|access-date=June 19, 2009

|date=March 17, 2009

|publisher=Propagandica

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718104125/http://propagandica.wordpress.com/2009/03/07/the-york-project-race-the-08-vote/

|archive-date=July 18, 2011

}} On June 19, 2009, Norris announced on the air that she was taking time off to write a book inspired by her conversations "with a diverse group of voters" in York,{{cite web|url=http://www.wnyc.org/flashplayer/player.html#/play/%2Fstream%2Fatc%2F06192009.xspf |title=All Things Considered |access-date=June 19, 2009 |date=June 19, 2009 |publisher=NPR |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619165101/http://www.wnyc.org/flashplayer/player.html |archive-date=June 19, 2009}} and The Grace of Silence: A Memoir was published in September 2010.{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/thisisnpr/2010/09/21/130018921/michele-norris-and-the-grace-of-silence-34-city-tour-today-show-clip |title=Michele Norris and 'The Grace of Silence': 34-city tour, Today Show clip |last=Christopher |first=Anna |date=September 21, 2010 |access-date=May 11, 2015 |publisher=NPR}}

In 2009, Kim Bracey won the Democratic primary and became the favored candidate for mayor. She won the general election in November against Republican opponent Wendell Banks and took office on the first Monday in 2010 as the city's first African-American and second woman mayor.{{cite news |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/09309/1011018-454.stm |title=Harrisburg, York make history |last1=Barnes |first1=Tom |date=November 5, 2009 |work=post-gazette.com |publisher=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |access-date=November 18, 2009 |quote=In York, Kim Bracey, the city's ex-economic development director and a retired Air Force sergeant, became the first African-American and only the second woman (after Elizabeth Marshall, who is white, in 1978) to be elected mayor.}} Bracey won reelection in November 2013 against Libertarian challenger Dave Moser.

Michael Helfrich defeated Bracey by only 133 votes in 2017. A Democratic city council president, Helfrich ran for mayor as a Republican after losing the Democratic primary election to Bracey by just over 300 votes.{{cite news |url=http://www.ydr.com/story/news/2017/11/07/2017-york-mayor-election-kim-bracey-michael-helfrich/835333001/ |title=Michael Helfrich defeats Kim Bracey in York mayor's race |newspaper=York Daily Record |first=Gary |last=Haber |date=November 7, 2017 |access-date=November 7, 2017}} Helfrich was inaugurated as mayor on January 2, 2018. He announced in late December 2023 that he would not run for election in 2025.{{cite news |url=https://www.ydr.com/story/news/2024/01/02/helfrich-wont-seek-re-election-as-york-pa-mayor-endorses-muldrow/72082934007/ |title=Helfrich says he won't seek re-election as York mayor in 2025, endorses Mike Muldrow |newspaper=York Daily Record |first=Mike |last=Argento |author-link=Mike Argento |date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 4, 2024}}

File:Wm Penn Sr HS York.JPG on Penn Commons]]

York and its surrounding area are served by 15 public school districts, York City and Dallastown, Eastern York, West York, Central York, York Suburban, Southern York County, Red Lion, Northeastern York, Dover, Hanover, South Western, Spring Grove, York County School of Technology, and South Eastern public school districts. Private Christian schools in the area include the Christian School of York, Shrewsbury Christian Academy, and York Catholic High School.

There are also a number of charter schools in the area. Lincoln Charter School was established in 2000,{{Cite web|url=http://lcs.schoolwires.net/|title=Lincoln Charter School / Homepage|website=lcs.schoolwires.net|language=en|access-date=2017-01-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170623002141/http://lcs.schoolwires.net/|archive-date=June 23, 2017|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}} Helen Thackston Charter School{{Cite web|url=http://helenthackston.org/|title=Helen Thackston Charter School {{!}} BE – Believe in Education|website=helenthackston.org|language=en-US|access-date=2017-01-26|archive-date=January 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190111073335/http://helenthackston.org/|url-status=dead}} in 2009, and York Academy Regional Charter School in 2011.{{Cite web|url=http://yorkacademy.com/history/|title=History|website=yorkacademy.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-01-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170726222750/http://yorkacademy.com/history/|archive-date=July 26, 2017|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}

The city is home to York College of Pennsylvania, which was founded in 1787 and offers up to master's level education and a doctoral level nursing program. Penn State York offers several baccalaureate degrees, minors, associate degrees and one master's degree. Penn State students may utilize a "2+2" program, allowing them to complete the first two years of study at the York campus and the last two at Penn State University Park.

Other higher education organizations in York are Harrisburg Area Community College's York Campus, the YTI Career Institute (YTI), which offers accredited degree and diploma programs in the business, healthcare and culinary fields and the York Time Institute, which offers diplomas in clock repair and restoration. The city formerly housed the Art Institute of York-Pennsylvania, previously known as the Bradley Academy for the Visual Arts, until its closure in 2017, as well as the Yorktowne Business Institute (YBI) & School of Culinary Arts.{{cite web

|url = http://www.artinstitutes.edu/york/about/

|title = Message from the President

|access-date = August 26, 2007

|publisher = Bradley Academy for the Visual Arts

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927184054/http://www.artinstitutes.edu/york/about/

|archive-date = September 27, 2007

|url-status = dead

|df = mdy-all

}}

{{Further|The York Dispatch|York Daily Record}}

File:York Dispatch.JPG building]]

York is unusual in that it supports two daily newspapers, despite its relatively small size. The York Daily Record/Sunday News is published mornings, seven days a week, and The York Dispatch is published Monday through Friday mornings. The Dispatch was an afternoon paper until 2014. The Daily Record/Sunday News currently has the lead in terms of circulations of the daily newspapers.

York is part of the Susquehanna Valley (Harrisburg/Lancaster/Lebanon/York) media market. The Fox affiliate WPMT 43, has its base of operations in York.

York has a Public, educational, and government access (PEG) cable TV station called WRCT (White Rose Community Television) wrct.TV{{cite web|url=http://wrct.tv |title=WRCT – White Rose Community Television |website=Wrct.tv |access-date=2015-12-23}} which used to be YCAT (York Community Access Television).Leonardi, Joe. [http://joeleonardi.wordpress.com/2007/03/29/scranton-city-council-the-plot-thickens/ Scranton City Council, The Plot Thickens]. March 29, 2007. Retrieved on May 1, 2007.[http://www2.yorkcity.org/minutes/minutes.asp?date=March 22, 2005 York City Council Minutes]{{dead link|date=July 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}. March 22, 2005. Retrieved on May 1, 2007.

The pop music radio station, WSBA AM 910, achieved high ratings in York, and nearby Harrisburg and Lancaster, during the 1960s and 1970s. WSBA, now a news-talk station, was the flagship station of Susquehanna Broadcasting, which had its corporate offices in York.[http://www.suscom.com/about/pfaltzgraff.php Susquehanna Communications: About SusCom] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116151950/http://www.suscom.com/about/pfaltzgraff.php |date=November 16, 2007}}

Other radio stations in York include WVYC from York College, WARM FM, WQXA FM, and WOYK.

FM stations licensed to York include:

File:Laurel Rex FD York PA.JPG

York is served by the York City Fire Department (Company 99), which operates out of four fire stations, located throughout the city, and maintains a fire apparatus fleet of six engines, two trucks, one service, and other support units. The YFD staffs three engines, one truck and one duty Chief twenty-hours per day, and responds to approximately 2,700 emergency calls annually.{{cite web |url=http://yorkcity.org/fire-department |title=York Department of Fire/Rescue Services |publisher=City of York, Pennsylvania |access-date=April 15, 2012}}

The city and surrounding area are also served by York Area United Fire and Rescue (Company 89),{{cite web |url=https://www.mantwp.com/departments/fire-services/ |title=Fire Services |website=Manchester Township, York County, Pennsylvania |access-date=August 12, 2022 |quote=In 2010, Manchester Township began... to gradually integrate... into the... York Area United Fire and Rescue... [and in 2018] became the third charter municipality to participate in the... regional fire department.}} First Capital EMS (Company 5), UPMC LifeTeam EMS (Company 2), York City Police, York County Area Regional Police, Spring Garden Township Police, as well as other police departments, ambulance stations, and fire companies.{{citation needed|date=August 2022|reason=sources should verify that each named/current organization in fact exists and serves the area}}

{{Further|Rabbit Transit (York)}}

York is served, through public transportation, by Rabbit Transit, which operates multiple bus routes in the city and the surrounding suburbs. In 2006, a Rabbit EXPRESS bus route was established to transport commuters to Harrisburg and back, making six round trips weekdays.{{cite web|url=http://www.rabbittransit.org/docs/%2006-RAB-237%20Annual%20Report.pdf |title=Rabbit Transit Annual Report |access-date=August 26, 2007 |year=2006 |publisher=York County Transportation Authority}}{{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} Rabbit Transit introduced a new route on February 2, 2009, that provides three daily round trips between York and Timonium, Maryland.{{cite news|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/2009/02/02/new-bus-line-from-york-connects-to-light-rail/ |first=Michael |last=Dresser |newspaper=The Baltimore Sun |date=February 2, 2009 |title=New bus line from York connects to light rail |access-date=May 28, 2017}}{{cite web |url=http://www.rabbittransit.org/Schedules/rabbitEXPRESSSchedulesJune9/83SMapMondayFriday.aspx |title=Map of Route 83S Monday – Friday |access-date=August 30, 2015 |publisher=RabbitTransit}} The $5 fare each way covers 80% of the operating costs.Berman, Dori. "[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4183/is_20061120/ai_n16856598 Commuter bus line may link York, Pa. and Hunt Valley] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113074809/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4183/is_20061120/ai_n16856598 |date=January 13, 2016}}". The (Baltimore) Daily Record. November 20, 2006. Retrieved on May 3, 2007.

In addition to Rabbit Transit, the city has a Greyhound/Trailways bus depot with service to Harrisburg and Syracuse, New York, or to Baltimore and Washington, D.C. provided by Greyhound Lines. Bieber Transportation Group formerly provided service to New York City along a route running by way of Lancaster, Reading, and Philadelphia and a route running by way of Lancaster, Reading, and the Lehigh Valley until service was discontinued in April 2018.{{cite web|title=Daily Bus Service to Philadelphia, PA|publisher=Bieber Transportation Group|date=January 8, 2017|url=http://www.biebergroup.com/philadelphia|access-date=February 6, 2017|archive-date=February 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207112928/http://www.biebergroup.com/philadelphia|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|title=Daily Bus Service to New York City, NY|publisher=Bieber Transportation Group|date=January 8, 2017|url=http://www.biebergroup.com/new-york-city|access-date=February 6, 2017|archive-date=February 8, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208033325/http://www.biebergroup.com/new-york-city|url-status=dead}}

Intercity bus service to New York City was restored by OurBus on July 1, 2018.{{cite web|title=New Partnership Restores Daily Bus Service|publisher=Lancaster Online|date=July 27, 2018|url=https://lancasteronline.com/business/local_business/new-partnership-restores-daily-bus-service-between-lancaster-and-nyc/article_8bce9278-911a-11e8-9e25-2f3cf9a5fbbc.html|access-date=November 2, 2018|first=Tim|last=Mekeel}}

Lancaster, twenty-four miles to the east, has frequent Amtrak train service to Philadelphia.

As recent as the late 1960s, the station was the site of several train departures a day, run by the Pennsylvania Railroad heading north to Harrisburg and south, towards Baltimore and Washington, DC, including the Buffalo Day Express, the Northern Express, the Spirit of St. Louis and shuttle cars for the Penn Texas.{{cite web |url=http://www.streamlinerschedules.com/concourse/track3/penntexas194812.html |title=The Penn Texas |first=Eric H. |last=Brown |website=StreamlinerSchedules.com}}

The last Red Arrow bound for Detroit departed from York during the latter half of the 1950s.{{cite web |website=American Rails |title=Red Arrow |url=https://www.american-rails.com/red.html |access-date=May 10, 2020}} Rail advocates have suggested commuter rail service could be started between York and Philadelphia with much of the necessary infrastructure already in place, using SEPTA's system. Transportation planners say this is too expensive, with bus and van services more feasible.{{cite news |last=Klimanis |first=Daina |url=http://www.yorkdispatch.com/local/ci_5765496 |title=York transportation panel says light rail too costly |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016184305/http://www.yorkdispatch.com/local/ci_5765496 |archive-date=October 16, 2015 |newspaper=The York Dispatch |date=April 27, 2007 |access-date=May 3, 2007}} The former Pennsylvania Railroad station for York now lies along the York County Heritage Rail Trail across from WellSpan Park.

• 20px U.S. Route 30
• 20px Interstate 83

York does not have any commercial airports, though the small York Airport (THV) is located seven miles southwest in Thomasville. The nearest major airports are Baltimore-Washington International (BWI) and Harrisburg International Airport (MDT).

{{unreferenced section|date=March 2023}}

York City has two hospitals; WellSpan York Hospital and UPMC Memorial Hospital.

Founded in 1880, WellSpan York Hospital is located on the edge of York City on the border of Spring Garden Township and is a regional specialty center, featuring a level 1 trauma center, a stroke center, and level 3 NICU. The hospital employs more than 5,000 people, is a nationally recognized teaching hospital, and can treat a large variety of patients with diverse issues, including pediatrics, orthopedics, and cardiac issues.

Memorial Hospital was opened in 1945, and was taken over by PinnacleHealth in 2017. PinnacleHealth became part of the UPMC health system in 2017, and Memorial Hospital then became UPMC Memorial. In 2019, UPMC Memorial moved from its old facility in Spring Garden Township to its new facility in West Manchester Township. UPMC Memorial is a general hospital, and features a Select Specialty facility. The old Memorial Hospital is undergoing conversion into an apartment building, as of March 2023.

York has many independent healthcare facilities as well as those run by other corporations, however WellSpan and UPMC are the primary health systems in York and the surrounding area and have the majority of local specialty centers and doctors offices.

• List of people from York, Pennsylvania

York is twinned with:{{cite web |title=Home|url=https://www.yorktwinning.com/|website=yorktwinning.com|publisher=York Twinning Association|access-date=2022-03-10}}

• {{flagicon|FRA}} Arles, France (since 1954)
• {{flagicon|DEU}} Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Germany (since 1981)

{{reflist}}

• {{commons category-inline}}

{{Wikivoyage|York (Pennsylvania)|York, PA}}

• [http://www.yorkcity.org/ City of York] (official site)
• {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20071002220347/http://www.yorktownsquare.com/ York Town Square history blog]}}

{{s-start}}

{{succession box

| before = Lancaster, Pennsylvania

| title = Capital of the United States
of America

| years = 1777–1778

| after = Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

}}

{{s-end}}

{{Geographic location

| Centre = York

| North = Harrisburg

| Northeast = Lebanon, Reading

| East = Lancaster, Philadelphia

| Southeast = Philadelphia

| South = Baltimore, Washington, D.C.

| Southwest = Hanover, Frederick, Westminster

| West = Gettysburg, Chambersburg

| Northwest = Carlisle

}}

{{Navboxes

| title = Articles relating to York, Pennsylvania

| list =

{{York County, Pennsylvania}}

{{County Seats of Pennsylvania}}

{{Pennsylvania}}

{{Location of US capital}}

}}

{{authority control}}

Category:1741 establishments in Pennsylvania

Category:Cities in Pennsylvania

Category:Cities in York County, Pennsylvania

Category:County seats in Pennsylvania

Category:Former capitals of the United States

Category:Pennsylvania in the American Civil War

Category:Populated places established in 1741