Yoshio Sakurauchi

Sakurauchi was born in Tokyo on 8 May 1912.{{cite web|title=Index Sa|url=http://rulers.org/indexs1.html|work=Rulers|access-date=1 January 2013}} He was the son of Yukio Sakurauchi, a lower house member and finance minister.{{cite news

|title=Lawmakers Sakurauchi, Hino leave long legacies|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/nn20030707a5.html|access-date=1 January 2013

|newspaper=The Japan Times|date=7 July 2003}} Yoshio Sakurauchi attended the Keio schools from kindergarten through Keio University. His brother, Kimio, served as president (from 1961) and chairman of the board of directors (from 1971) at Chugoku Electric.{{cite news|author=Linda Sieg|title=Japan city grapples with nuclear doubts after Fukushima crisis|access-date=1 January 2013|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-57243020110524|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307034356/http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-57243020110524|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 March 2016|work=Reuters|date=24 May 2011}}{{cite web|title=桜内家（外務大臣・桜内義雄・桜内幸雄・桜内文城の家系図|website=keibatsugaku.com|date=30 August 2018|language=ja|access-date=21 October 2023|url=https://keibatsugaku.com/sakurauchi/}}

Sakurauchi began his political career in 1947 when he was first elected to the lower house of Parliament.{{cite news|title=Yoshio Sakurauchi, 91, Japanese Lawmaker|work=Newsday|date=6 July 2003|url=http://www.newsday.com/news/yoshio-sakurauchi-91-japanese-lawmaker-1.481312|access-date=1 January 2013|agency=AP}} His constituency included Kashima. He served at the lower house for 18 terms. He was also once elected to the upper house, serving there for 19 months.

Sakurauchi held different ministerial and party posts in his career.{{cite book|author=Kent E. Calder|title=Crisis and Compensation: Public Policy and Political Stability in Japan, 1949 - 1986|url=https://archive.org/details/crisiscompensati00cald|publisher=Princeton University Press|url-access=registration|year=1988|isbn=978-0-691-02338-0|page=[https://archive.org/details/crisiscompensati00cald/page/275 275]

|location=Princeton, NJ}} In addition, he was leader of the Kano faction in the LDP. This faction was renamed as the Nakasone faction in 1965. His leadership of the faction lasted until 1989.{{cite web|title=Getting Rid of Kaifu

|url=http://www.rcrinc.com/tanaka/ch5-4.html|work=Kakuei Tanaka|access-date=1 January 2013|author=Steven Hunziker|author2=Ikuro Kamimura}} Then the faction was headed by Michio Watanabe.

In addition, Sakurauchi served as foreign minister, agriculture minister, minister of international trade and industry and construction minister. Prime Minister Hayato Ikeda appointed Sakurauchi the minister of international trade and industry on 18 July 1964.{{cite book|author=Chalmers Johnson|title=MITI and the japanese miracle: growth of industrial policy: 1925-1975|location=Stanford, CA|url=https://archive.org/details/mitijapanesemira00chal|url-access=registration|year=1982|isbn=978-0-8047-1206-4|publisher=Stanford University Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/mitijapanesemira00chal/page/265 265]}} Sakurauchi continued to serve in the same post in the next cabinet headed by Prime Minister Eisaku Satō, but he was fired and replaced by Miki Takeo in June 1965. On 28 April 1977, Sakurauchi was appointed construction minister to the government of Takeo Fukuda in a cabinet reshuffle, replacing Shiro Hasegawa in the post. Sakurauchi served as construction minister until 7 December 1978.{{cite web|title=Cabinet|publisher=Kolombus|url=http://www.kolumbus.fi/taglarsson/dokumentit/fukuda.htm|access-date=31 May 2013}}

File:Yoshio Sakurauchi 1982.jpg

Sakurauchi was appointed the secretary general of the LDP on 16 November 1979.{{cite book|title=Political Chronology of Central, South and East Asia|date=2012|page=2056|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f5wcH0abSQcC&pg=PA2056|publisher=Europa Publications|isbn=978-1-135-35680-4|edition=1st|location=London}} During his term, he called for making the Yasukuni Shrine a state shrine.{{cite book|author=Peter J. Herzog|title=Japan's Pseudo-Democracy|location=Sandgate, Folkestone, Kent|year=1993|page=110|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_oTRL19x6HwC&pg=PA110|publisher=Japan Library|isbn=978-1-873410-07-3}} His term lasted until 30 November 1981 when he was named foreign minister. Susumu Nikaido replaced him as the secretary general of the LDP. He was appointed foreign minister in the cabinet led by Prime Minister Zenkō Suzuki on 30 November 1981, replacing Sunao Sonoda in the post.{{cite news|title=Japan's cabinet shuffled|access-date=1 January 2013|location=Tokyo|date=30 November 1981|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=XghMAAAAIBAJ&sjid=VPkDAAAAIBAJ&pg=2497,4709846&dq=yoshio+sakurauchi&hl=en|newspaper=Spokane Daily Chronicle|agency=UPI}}{{cite news|author=Geoffrey Murray|title=Japanese Cabinet shaken up to tackle big problems|date=1 December 1981|access-date=6 January 2013|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/1981/1201/120148.html|work=The Christian Science Monitor}}

Sakurachi also served as the head of the LDP's chief policy-making body. In addition, he was appointed speaker of Japan's lower house of parliament on 27 February 1990, replacing Hajime Tamura in the post.{{cite news|author=David E. Sanger|title=A Top Japanese Politician Calls U.S. Work Force Lazy|work=The New York Times|page=1

|date=21 January 1992|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/21/business/a-top-japanese-politician-calls-us-work-force-lazy.html}}{{cite web|title=The National Diet of Japan|work=Secretariat of the House of Representatives|access-date=14 October 2013|url-status=dead|url=http://www.shugiin.go.jp/itdb_english.nsf/html/statics/english/kokkaiannai_e.pdf/$File/kokkaiannai_e.pdf|archive-date=18 October 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018040041/http://www.shugiin.go.jp/itdb_english.nsf/html/statics/english/kokkaiannai_e.pdf/$File/kokkaiannai_e.pdf}} In January 1992, he argued that the United States' economic problems resulted from its work force since the US workers were "too lazy" to compete with Japan, and that nearly a third of its workers "cannot even read."{{cite book|year=1994

|author1=Julia Vitullo Martin|author2=J. Robert Moskin|title=The Executive's Book of Quotations|url-access=registration|isbn=978-0-19-507836-7

|url=https://archive.org/details/executivesbookof00etc1|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|page=[https://archive.org/details/executivesbookof00etc1/page/302 302]}} Sakurachi's term as speaker ended on 18 June 1993 and Takako Doi became the speaker.

Besides these positions, Sakurauchi was named as the first chairman of the League for Japan-Vietnam Friendship that was established by Japanese and Vietnamese politicians in 1974 to promote mutual understanding and friendship between Japan and Vietnam.{{cite book|author=Keiko Hirata

|title=Japan's Foreign Policy in Asia and the Pacific: Domestic Interests, American Pressure, and Regional Integration|chapter-url=http://www.csun.edu/~kh246690/indochina.pdf|year=2001|publisher=St. Martin's Press|location=New York|editor1=Y. Sato|editor2=A. Miyashita

|chapter=Cautious Proactivism and Reluctant Reactivism: Analyzing Japan's Foreign Policy toward Indochina}}

Sakurauchi was not included in the LDP's proportional representation list for the 25 June 2000 general elections, and he stated that he would retire from politics.{{cite news|title=Mori set to dissolve Diet for elections on June 25

|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/nn20000602a1.html|newspaper=The Japan Times|date=2 June 2000}} Eventually, he retired from politics in June 2000.

Sakurauchi died of respiratory failure at a Tokyo hospital on 5 July 2003.{{cite news|title=Lawmakers Sakurauchi, Hino leave long legacies|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2003/07/07/national/lawmakers-sakurauchi-hino-leave-long-legacies/#.Wm2IuaiWbIU|access-date=28 January 2018|newspaper=The Japan Times}} He was 91. His funeral service was held at Ikegami Hommonji Temple in Tokyo's Ota Ward on 8 July 2003.

In 1986, Sakurauchi, a former board member of the Boy Scouts of Japan and President of the Scout Parliamentary Caucus, received the 185th Bronze Wolf Award of the World Scout Committee for services to world Scouting.{{cite web|title=17 Bronze Wolf Recipients from Japan|work=Yokohoma Group|url=http://www5.airnet.ne.jp/bsy87/Y87eng/eNews/08_BRZ/eY87_2008_brz_01a.html|access-date=28 January 2013}}{{cite web|url=https://www.scout.org/BronzeWolfAward/list|title=List of recipients of the Bronze Wolf Award|work=World Scout Committee|year=2016

|access-date=11 May 2016}} In 1981 he also received the highest distinction of the Scout Association of Japan, the Golden Pheasant Award.{{Cite web|date=23 May 2014|script-title=ja:䝪䞊䜲䝇䜹䜴䝖日本連盟 きじ章受章者|trans-title=Recipient of the Golden Pheasant Award of the Scout Association of Japan|url=http://reinanzaka-sc.o.oo7.jp/kiroku/documents/20140523-3-kiji-list.pdf|publisher=Reinanzaka Scout Club|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811030258/http://reinanzaka-sc.o.oo7.jp/kiroku/documents/20140523-3-kiji-list.pdf|archive-date=11 August 2020|language=ja}}

The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1989, for his contributions to public affairs.{{cite web|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf|title=Padma Awards|work=Ministry of Home Affairs

|date=2016|access-date=3 January 2016|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf}}

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{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of the Japan Professional Sports Association|years=1990-2002}}

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Category:20th-century Japanese politicians

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Category:Ministers for foreign affairs of Japan

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Category:Recipients of the Bronze Wolf Award

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