Zakopane

{{for|the state|Republic of Zakopane}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Zakopane

| official_name =

| native_name = Zokopane

| image_skyline = Zakopane T58.jpg

| imagesize = 250px

| image_caption = View of Zakopane from Butorowy Wierch

| image_shield = POL Zakopane COA.svg

| image_flag = POL Zakopane flag.svg

| pushpin_map = Poland

| pushpin_label_position = top

| pushpin_map_alt =

| coordinates = {{coord|49|18|N|19|57|E|region:PL_type:city|display=title,inline}}

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = {{POL}}

| subdivision_type1 = Voivodeship

| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Lesser Poland Voivodeship|name=Lesser Poland}}

| subdivision_type2 = County

| subdivision_name2 = Tatra

| subdivision_type3 = Gmina

| subdivision_name3 = Zakopane (urban gmina)

| leader_title = Mayor

| leader_name = Łukasz Filipowicz

| established_title = Established

| established_date = 17th century

| established_title3 = Town rights

| established_date3 = 1933

| elevation_min_m = 750

| elevation_max_m = 2301

| area_total_km2 = 84

| population_as_of = 2017

| population_total = 27266{{cite web|url=https://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/ludnosc/ludnosc/powierzchnia-i-ludnosc-w-przekroju-terytorialnym-w-2017-r-,7,14.html|title=Powierzchnia i ludność w przekroju terytorialnym w 2017 r.|last=GUS|website=stat.gov.pl|access-date=10 April 2019}}

| population_density_km2 = auto

| population_demonym = zakopianin (male)
zakopianka (female) (pl)

| timezone = CET

| utc_offset = +1

| timezone_DST = CEST

| utc_offset_DST = +2

| postal_code_type = Postal code

| postal_code = 34-500 to 34-504

| area_code = +48 18

| blank_name = Car plates

| blank_info = KTT

| website = {{URL|http://www.zakopane.pl}}

}}

Zakopane (Podhale Goral: Zokopane){{Cite web |title=Gwara góralska |url=https://z-ne.pl/s,menu,1396,gwara_goralska.html |access-date=2022-03-13 |website=z-ne.pl}} is a town in the south of Poland, in the southern part of the Podhale region at the foot of the Tatra Mountains.{{TERYT}} From 1975 to 1998, it was part of Nowy Sącz Voivodeship; since 1999, it has been part of Lesser Poland Voivodeship. {{As of|2017}} its population was 27,266. Zakopane is a centre of Goral culture and is often referred to as "the winter capital of Poland". It is a popular destination for mountaineering, skiing, and tourism.{{cite web|url=https://www.adventurous-travels.com/posts/zakopane-what-to-see-in-polands-winter-capital|title=Zakopane - What To See in Poland's Winter Capital|website=Adventurous-Travels.com|date=21 December 2015 |access-date=18 September 2019}}

Zakopane lies near Poland's border with Slovakia, in a valley between the Tatra Mountains and Gubałówka Hill. It is connected by rail and road to the provincial capital, Kraków. Zakopane lies {{convert|800|–|1000|m|ft}} above sea level and centres on the intersection of its Krupówki and Kościuszko Streets.

History

File:Zakopane....jpg

The earliest documents mentioning Zakopane date to the 17th century, describing a glade called Zakopisko. In 1676, it was a village of 43 inhabitants. In 1818, Zakopane was a small town that was still being developed. There were only 340 homes that held 445 families. The population of Zakopane at that time was 1,805: 934 women and 871 men.{{Cite web|url=http://www.sztetl.org.pl/en/article/zakopane/3,local-history/#footnote_2|title=Local history - Information about the town - Zakopane - Virtual Shtetl|website=www.sztetl.org.pl|language=pl|access-date=2017-05-04}} The first church was built in 1847, by Józef Stolarczyk.

Zakopane became a center for the region's mining and metallurgy industries; by the 19th century, it was the largest center for metallurgy in the region of Galicia. It expanded during the 19th century as the climate attracted more inhabitants. By 1889, it had developed from a small village into a climatic health resort. Rail services to Zakopane began on October 1, 1899. In the late 1800s, Zakopane constructed a road that went to the town of Nowy Targ and had railways that came from Chabówka. Because of easier transportation, the population of Zakopane had increased to about 3,000 people by the end of the 1800s. In the 19th century, Krupówki Street was just a narrow beaten path that was meant for people to get from the central part of town to the village of Kuźnice.

The ski jump on Wielka Krokiew was opened in 1925.

The cable car to Kasprowy Wierch was completed in 1936.

The funicular connected Zakopane and the top of Gubałówka in 1938.

Because of Zakopane's popular ski mountains, the town gained popularity which made the number of tourists increase to about 60,000 people by 1930.

During the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, the town was invaded by Germany, and the Einsatzgruppe I entered the town on September 4, 1939, to commit various crimes against Poles.{{cite book|last=Wardzyńska|first=Maria|year=2009|title=Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=IPN|page=58}} In March 1940, representatives of the Soviet NKVD and the Nazi Gestapo met for one week in Zakopane's Villa Tadeusz, to coordinate the pacification of resistance in Poland. Throughout World War II, Zakopane served as an underground staging point between Poland and Hungary.{{Cite web |title=Local history {{!}} Virtual Shtetl |url=https://sztetl.org.pl/en/towns/z/662-zakopane/96-local-history/68095-local-history |access-date=2022-07-14 |website=sztetl.org.pl}}

From 1942 to 1943, 1,000 prisoners from the German Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp were set to work in a stone quarry.{{cite web|url=http://www.sztetl.org.pl/pl/article/zakopane/13,miejsca-martyrologii/21317,zakopane-oboz-pracy-przymusowej-na-terenie-kamieniolomow/|title=Zakopane|work=sztetl.org.pl}} In 1944, during the Warsaw Uprising, the Germans deported thousands of Varsovians from the Dulag 121 camp in Pruszków, where they were initially imprisoned, to Zakopane.{{cite web|url=http://dulag121.pl/encyklopediaa/transporty-z-obozu-dulag-121/|title=Transporty z obozu Dulag 121|website=Muzeum Dulag 121|accessdate=6 September 2021|language=pl}} Those Poles were mainly old people, ill people and women with children. In mid-October 1944, there were 3,800 registered Poles, who were expelled from Warsaw, and probably another 3,800 unregistered expellees. In January 1945, the Germans retreated from Zakopane and the German occupation ended.

Immediately after the war, a children's Home for Holocaust Survivors was established in Zakopane.[https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/childrens-survivors-homes/zakopane.asp The Children's Home in Zakopane, Poland: Lena Küchler's Children], Yad Vashem website

Climate

Zakopane has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfb),{{cite journal|last1=Kottek|first1=Markus|last2=Grieser|first2=Jürgen|last3=Beck|first3=Christoph|last4=Rudolf|first4=Bruno |last5=Rubel|first5=Franz|title=World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated|journal=Meteorologische Zeitschrift|date=2006|volume=15|issue=3|pages=259–263|doi=10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130|bibcode=2006MetZe..15..259K|url=https://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/files/40083/metz_Vol_15_No_3_p259-263_World_Map_of_the_Koppen_Geiger_climate_classification_updated_55034.pdf}}{{cite journal |author1=Peel, M. C. |author2=Finlayson B. L. |author3=McMahon, T. A. |name-list-style=amp |year=2007 |title=Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification |journal=Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. |volume=11 |issue=5 |pages=1633–1644 |doi=10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007 |issn=1027-5606|url=https://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.pdf |doi-access=free |bibcode=2007HESS...11.1633P }} with the main factor behind its relative coldness compared to the rest of Poland is its altitude. In general, the temperature tends to fall with altitude, therefore Zakopane is almost {{Convert|3|C-change|F-change|abbr=on}} colder than northern Kraków, which is more than {{Convert|600|m|ft|abbr=on}} lower than Zakopane. With higher altitudes, the climate gets even colder, therefore, on the top of Kasprowy Wierch ({{Convert|1987|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level), the climate is tundra-like (Köppen: ET). The tree line is located at about {{cvt|1500|m|ft}} above sea level in the Tatra Mountains.

Winters are typically frosty but are relatively sunny for Poland - in fact, Zakopane receives among the most sun in winter in the country.{{Cite web|title=Atlas warunków solarnych - Portal Klimat IMGW-PiB|url=https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/solar-atlas/#dni/Seasonal/2014/02/02/Multiyear_seasonal_mean/|access-date=2022-02-13|website=klimat.imgw.pl}} Snow is normally abundant, particularly in the higher altitudes, which makes Zakopane among the most popular ski resorts in Poland. Summers are cool to warm but rarely get hot.

The defining feature of the local climate is the location on the northern slope of the Tatra mountains. Zakopane receives significantly more precipitation than cities on the lowlands to the north of the Carpathians, and just like in the mountains in general, there might be sudden weather changes from sunny to rainy, and vice versa. Occasionally, a very warm foehn wind locally known as halny may dramatically increase the temperatures, sometimes beyond {{Convert|10|C|F|abbr=on}} in winter.

Extreme temperatures range from {{convert|−34.1|°C|1}} on February 1, 1956 up to {{convert|32.8|°C|1}} on August 8, 2013;{{Cite web|url=https://meteomodel.pl/dane/historyczne-dane-pomiarowe/?data=2013-08-31&rodzaj=st&imgwid=349190625&dni=60&ord=desc|title=Historyczne dane pomiarowe|language=pl|date=2023-05-04|website=meteomodel.pl|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230504083524/https://meteomodel.pl/dane/historyczne-dane-pomiarowe/?data=2013-08-31&rodzaj=st&imgwid=349190625&dni=60&ord=desc|archive-date=2023-05-04}}{{Cite web|url=https://meteomodel.pl/dane/historyczne-dane-pomiarowe/?data=1956-02-29&rodzaj=st&imgwid=349190625&dni=60&ord=desc|title=Historyczne dane pomiarowe|language=pl|date=2023-05-04|website=meteomodel.pl|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230504083951/https://meteomodel.pl/dane/historyczne-dane-pomiarowe/?data=1956-02-29&rodzaj=st&imgwid=349190625&dni=60&ord=desc|archive-date=2023-05-04}} the record cold daily maximum is {{convert|−19.6|°C|1}}, set on February 1, 1956,{{Cite web|url=https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=349190625&par=mintmax&max_empty=3|title=Średnie i sumy miesięczne|language=pl|date=2023-05-04|website=meteomodel.pl|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230504085112/https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=349190625&par=mintmax&max_empty=3|archive-date=2023-05-04}} while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is {{convert|23.4|°C|1}} on August 29, 1992.{{Cite web|url=https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=349190625&par=maxtmin&max_empty=3|title=Średnie i sumy miesięczne|language=pl|date=2023-05-04|website=meteomodel.pl|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230504092324/https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=349190625&par=maxtmin&max_empty=3|archive-date=2023-05-04}}{{Cite web|url=https://meteomodel.pl/dane/historyczne-dane-pomiarowe/?data=1992-08-31&rodzaj=st&imgwid=349190625&dni=60&ord=desc|title=Historyczne dane pomiarowe|language=pl|date=2023-05-04|website=meteomodel.pl|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230504085829/https://meteomodel.pl/dane/historyczne-dane-pomiarowe/?data=1992-08-31&rodzaj=st&imgwid=349190625&dni=60&ord=desc|archive-date=2023-05-04}}

{{Weather box

| location = Zakopane, {{coord|49|17|38|N|19|57|37|E|display=inline}} ({{convert|855|m|ft|abbr=on}} {{abbr|1=asl|2=above sea level}}, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present)

| metric first = y

| single line = y

| Jan record high C = 14.9

| Feb record high C = 17.6

| Mar record high C = 20.3

| Apr record high C = 25.5

| May record high C = 27.3

| Jun record high C = 31.4

| Jul record high C = 32.5

| Aug record high C = 32.8

| Sep record high C = 30.7

| Oct record high C = 26.3

| Nov record high C = 20.6

| Dec record high C = 18.4

| year record high C = 32.8

| Jan avg record high C = 9.9

| Feb avg record high C = 11.0

| Mar avg record high C = 14.3

| Apr avg record high C = 20.3

| May avg record high C = 23.7

| Jun avg record high C = 27.4

| Jul avg record high C = 28.5

| Aug avg record high C = 28.1

| Sep avg record high C = 23.9

| Oct avg record high C = 20.8

| Nov avg record high C = 15.7

| Dec avg record high C = 10.2

|year avg record high C = 29.6

| Jan avg record low C = -17.6

| Feb avg record low C = -15.9

| Mar avg record low C = -12.3

| Apr avg record low C = -6.2

| May avg record low C = -0.9

| Jun avg record low C = 3.8

| Jul avg record low C = 5.4

| Aug avg record low C = 4.9

| Sep avg record low C = 0.5

| Oct avg record low C = -5.1

| Nov avg record low C = -10.6

| Dec avg record low C = -15.7

|year avg record low C = -19.9

| Jan high C = 1.1

| Feb high C = 2.0

| Mar high C = 5.4

| Apr high C = 11.3

| May high C = 16.0

| Jun high C = 19.5

| Jul high C = 21.2

| Aug high C = 21.3

| Sep high C = 16.3

| Oct high C = 11.8

| Nov high C = 6.6

| Dec high C = 1.8

| year high C = 11.2

| Jan mean C = -3.3

| Feb mean C = -2.4

| Mar mean C = 0.6

| Apr mean C = 6.0

| May mean C = 10.7

| Jun mean C = 14.2

| Jul mean C = 15.8

| Aug mean C = 15.6

| Sep mean C = 10.9

| Oct mean C = 6.5

| Nov mean C = 2.1

| Dec mean C = -2.3

| year mean C = 6.2

| Jan low C = -7.0

| Feb low C = -6.3

| Mar low C = -3.5

| Apr low C = 1.2

| May low C = 5.7

| Jun low C = 9.3

| Jul low C = 10.8

| Aug low C = 10.5

| Sep low C = 6.5

| Oct low C = 2.3

| Nov low C = -1.5

| Dec low C = -5.8

| year low C = 1.9

| Jan record low C = -29.8

| Feb record low C = -34.1

| Mar record low C = -23.8

| Apr record low C = -12.0

| May record low C = -6.1

| Jun record low C = -1.6

| Jul record low C = 0.9

| Aug record low C = 0.2

| Sep record low C = -4.9

| Oct record low C = -10.7

| Nov record low C = -19.6

| Dec record low C = -25.5

| year record low C = -34.1

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation mm = 46.6

| Feb precipitation mm = 51.3

| Mar precipitation mm = 61.4

| Apr precipitation mm = 81.2

| May precipitation mm = 141.5

| Jun precipitation mm = 149.4

| Jul precipitation mm = 191.6

| Aug precipitation mm = 125.3

| Sep precipitation mm = 111.0

| Oct precipitation mm = 80.8

| Nov precipitation mm = 59.7

| Dec precipitation mm = 45.1

| year precipitation mm = 1145.0

| Jan snow depth cm = 62.0

| Feb snow depth cm = 90.5

| Mar snow depth cm = 97.9

| Apr snow depth cm = 71.2

| May snow depth cm = 13.4

| Jun snow depth cm = 3.3

| Jul snow depth cm = 0.1

| Aug snow depth cm = 0.4

| Sep snow depth cm = 5.2

| Oct snow depth cm = 13.7

| Nov snow depth cm = 23.3

| Dec snow depth cm = 37.9

| year snow depth cm =

| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm

| Jan precipitation days = 17.43

| Feb precipitation days = 16.27

| Mar precipitation days = 17.23

| Apr precipitation days = 15.70

| May precipitation days = 18.70

| Jun precipitation days = 18.37

| Jul precipitation days = 18.43

| Aug precipitation days = 14.77

| Sep precipitation days = 14.17

| Oct precipitation days = 14.90

| Nov precipitation days = 15.63

| Dec precipitation days = 16.53

| year precipitation days = 198.13

| unit snow days = 0 cm

| Jan snow days = 29.9

| Feb snow days = 28.0

| Mar snow days = 30.1

| Apr snow days = 25.8

| May snow days = 6.6

| Jun snow days = 1.1

| Jul snow days = 0.0

| Aug snow days = 0.1

| Sep snow days = 2.4

| Oct snow days = 10.1

| Nov snow days = 16.9

| Dec snow days = 28.2

| year snow days = 179.2

| Jan humidity = 81.1

| Feb humidity = 78.5

| Mar humidity = 75.0

| Apr humidity = 71.1

| May humidity = 74.4

| Jun humidity = 76.1

| Jul humidity = 76.7

| Aug humidity = 77.4

| Sep humidity = 81.6

| Oct humidity = 81.7

| Nov humidity = 82.9

| Dec humidity = 83.5

| year humidity = 78.3

| Jan sun = 69.1

| Feb sun = 81.2

| Mar sun = 118.2

| Apr sun = 162.5

| May sun = 179.6

| Jun sun = 178.3

| Jul sun = 197.1

| Aug sun = 193.4

| Sep sun = 128.4

| Oct sun = 113.8

| Nov sun = 75.6

| Dec sun = 55.6

| year sun = 1552.8

| Jan uv =2

| Feb uv =1

| Mar uv =2

| Apr uv =3

| May uv =3

| Jun uv =5

| Jul uv =5

| Aug uv =4

| Sep uv =3

| Oct uv =2

| Nov uv =2

| Dec uv =1

| source 1 = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211203115527/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TSR_AVE

| archive-date = 3 December 2021

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TSR_AVE

| title = Średnia dobowa temperatura powietrza

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115043924/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMIN_AVE

| archive-date = 15 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMIN_AVE

| title = Średnia minimalna temperatura powietrza

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115044916/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMAX_AVE

| archive-date = 15 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMAX_AVE

| title = Średnia maksymalna temperatura powietrza

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220109045820/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_SUMA

| archive-date = 9 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_SUMA

| title = Miesięczna suma opadu

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115051112/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_01

| archive-date = 15 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_01

| title = Liczba dni z opadem >= 0,1 mm

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115054936/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_SR_GRUB

| archive-date = 15 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_SR_GRUB

| title = Średnia grubość pokrywy śnieżnej

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220121044246/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_0

| archive-date = 21 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_0

| title = Liczba dni z pokrywą śnieżna > 0 cm

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115055331/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/USL

| archive-date = 15 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/USL

| title = Średnia suma usłonecznienia (h)

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

| source 2 = Meteomodel.pl (records, relative humidity 1991–2020),

{{cite web

| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=349190625&par=tmax&max_empty=3

| title = Zakopane Absolutna temperatura maksymalna

| publisher = Meteomodel.pl

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=349190625&par=tmin&max_empty=3

| title = Zakopane Absolutna temperatura minimalna

| publisher = Meteomodel.pl

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=349190625&par=rh&max_empty=3

| title = Zakopane Średnia wilgotność

| publisher = Meteomodel.pl

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}} Weather Atlas (UV){{cite web

| url = https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/poland/zakopane-climate

| title = Zakopane, Poland – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast

| publisher = Weather Atlas

| access-date = 3 August 2022}}

}}

{{Weather box

| location = Kasprowy Wierch, {{coord|49|13|57|N|19|58|55|E|display=inline}} ({{convert|1987|m|ft|abbr=on}} {{abbr|1=asl|2=above sea level}}, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present)

| metric first = y

| single line = y

| Jan record high C = 7.2

| Feb record high C = 9.9

| Mar record high C = 9.4

| Apr record high C = 14.2

| May record high C = 18.7

| Jun record high C = 22.6

| Jul record high C = 23.4

| Aug record high C = 22.5

| Sep record high C = 19.8

| Oct record high C = 16.9

| Nov record high C = 13.9

| Dec record high C = 8.8

| year record high C = 23.4

| Jan avg record high C = 3.1

| Feb avg record high C = 2.6

| Mar avg record high C = 4.1

| Apr avg record high C = 8.2

| May avg record high C = 13.4

| Jun avg record high C = 17.9

| Jul avg record high C = 19.1

| Aug avg record high C = 18.7

| Sep avg record high C = 14.4

| Oct avg record high C = 11.9

| Nov avg record high C = 7.5

| Dec avg record high C = 4.6

|year avg record high C = 20.3

| Jan avg record low C = -19.2

| Feb avg record low C = -19.4

| Mar avg record low C = -16.3

| Apr avg record low C = -12.5

| May avg record low C = -6.3

| Jun avg record low C = -2.2

| Jul avg record low C = 0.0

| Aug avg record low C = 0.1

| Sep avg record low C = -4.1

| Oct avg record low C = -9.8

| Nov avg record low C = -13.7

| Dec avg record low C = -17.6

|year avg record low C = -21.9

| Jan high C = -4.6

| Feb high C = -5.0

| Mar high C = -3.3

| Apr high C = 1.2

| May high C = 6.0

| Jun high C = 10.1

| Jul high C = 12.1

| Aug high C = 12.3

| Sep high C = 7.5

| Oct high C = 3.9

| Nov high C = 0.0

| Dec high C = -3.5

| year high C = 3.1

| Jan mean C = -7.4

| Feb mean C = -7.8

| Mar mean C = -6.1

| Apr mean C = -1.6

| May mean C = 3.0

| Jun mean C = 6.7

| Jul mean C = 8.6

| Aug mean C = 8.9

| Sep mean C = 4.6

| Oct mean C = 1.2

| Nov mean C = -2.6

| Dec mean C = -6.1

| year mean C = 0.1

| Jan low C = -10.1

| Feb low C = -10.5

| Mar low C = -8.7

| Apr low C = -4.0

| May low C = 0.6

| Jun low C = 4.1

| Jul low C = 6.0

| Aug low C = 6.4

| Sep low C = 2.2

| Oct low C = -1.3

| Nov low C = -5.1

| Dec low C = -8.8

| year low C = -2.4

| Jan record low C = -30.2

| Feb record low C = -29.1

| Mar record low C = -27.9

| Apr record low C = -18.1

| May record low C = -13.0

| Jun record low C = -7.6

| Jul record low C = -3.1

| Aug record low C = -4.5

| Sep record low C = -8.2

| Oct record low C = -15.2

| Nov record low C = -24.8

| Dec record low C = -28.0

| year record low C = -30.2

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation mm = 105.1

| Feb precipitation mm = 98.0

| Mar precipitation mm = 112.7

| Apr precipitation mm = 127.3

| May precipitation mm = 186.0

| Jun precipitation mm = 208.0

| Jul precipitation mm = 248.1

| Aug precipitation mm = 171.6

| Sep precipitation mm = 158.5

| Oct precipitation mm = 123.4

| Nov precipitation mm = 117.6

| Dec precipitation mm = 107.5

| year precipitation mm = 1763.8

| Jan snow depth cm = 92.7

| Feb snow depth cm = 130.5

| Mar snow depth cm = 153.3

| Apr snow depth cm = 147.9

| May snow depth cm = 67.9

| Jun snow depth cm = 14.4

| Jul snow depth cm = 0.7

| Aug snow depth cm = 1.2

| Sep snow depth cm = 9.0

| Oct snow depth cm = 15.1

| Nov snow depth cm = 27.2

| Dec snow depth cm = 56.1

| year snow depth cm =

| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm

| Jan precipitation days = 19.83

| Feb precipitation days = 18.61

| Mar precipitation days = 20.17

| Apr precipitation days = 18.27

| May precipitation days = 21.00

| Jun precipitation days = 20.00

| Jul precipitation days = 19.57

| Aug precipitation days = 16.30

| Sep precipitation days = 15.57

| Oct precipitation days = 16.83

| Nov precipitation days = 17.83

| Dec precipitation days = 19.00

| year precipitation days = 222.97

| unit snow days = 0 cm

| Jan snow days = 31

| Feb snow days = 28.3

| Mar snow days = 30.9

| Apr snow days = 30.0

| May snow days = 20.6

| Jun snow days = 3.3

| Jul snow days = 0.4

| Aug snow days = 0.4

| Sep snow days = 5.9

| Oct snow days = 13.7

| Nov snow days = 21.3

| Dec snow days = 30.6

| year snow days = 216.4

| Jan humidity = 77.6

| Feb humidity = 80.5

| Mar humidity = 83.8

| Apr humidity = 84.3

| May humidity = 86.8

| Jun humidity = 87.7

| Jul humidity = 86.6

| Aug humidity = 84.5

| Sep humidity = 86.2

| Oct humidity = 80.9

| Nov humidity = 82.0

| Dec humidity = 78.6

| year humidity = 83.3

| Jan sun = 88.9

| Feb sun = 91.2

| Mar sun = 117.1

| Apr sun = 154.1

| May sun = 157.5

| Jun sun = 153.8

| Jul sun = 166.5

| Aug sun = 179.3

| Sep sun = 130.8

| Oct sun = 121.3

| Nov sun = 83.8

| Dec sun = 80.7

| year sun = 1524.8

| source 1 = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211203115527/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TSR_AVE

| archive-date = 3 December 2021

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TSR_AVE

| title = Średnia dobowa temperatura powietrza

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115043924/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMIN_AVE

| archive-date = 15 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMIN_AVE

| title = Średnia minimalna temperatura powietrza

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115044916/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMAX_AVE

| archive-date = 15 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMAX_AVE

| title = Średnia maksymalna temperatura powietrza

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220109045820/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_SUMA

| archive-date = 9 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_SUMA

| title = Miesięczna suma opadu

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115051112/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_01

| archive-date = 15 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_01

| title = Liczba dni z opadem >= 0,1 mm

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115054936/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_SR_GRUB

| archive-date = 15 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_SR_GRUB

| title = Średnia grubość pokrywy śnieżnej

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220121044246/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_0

| archive-date = 21 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_0

| title = Liczba dni z pokrywą śnieżna > 0 cm

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115055331/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/USL

| archive-date = 15 January 2022

| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/USL

| title = Średnia suma usłonecznienia (h)

| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991-2020

| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

| source 2 = Meteomodel.pl (records, relative humidity 1991–2020)

{{cite web

| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=349190650&par=tmax&max_empty=3

| title = Zakopane Absolutna temperatura maksymalna

| publisher = Meteomodel.pl

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=349190650&par=tmin&max_empty=3

| title = Zakopane Absolutna temperatura minimalna

| publisher = Meteomodel.pl

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

{{cite web

| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=349190650&par=rh&max_empty=3

| title = Zakopane Średnia wilgotność

| publisher = Meteomodel.pl

| language = pl

| access-date = 5 February 2022}}

| source =

}}

{{Graph:Weather monthly history

| table = Ncei.noaa.gov/weather/Zakopane.tab

| title = Zakopane temperature

}}

Architecture

{{main|Zakopane Style of Architecture}}

File:Koliba002.JPG - interior]]

The Zakopane Style of Architecture is an architectural mode inspired by the regional art of Poland's highland region known as Podhale.{{cite web|url=http://www.zakopane-life.com/culture/culture_details/95-Zakopane_Style_Museum |title=Zakopane Style Museum Zakopane {{pipe}} Poland |publisher=Zakopane Life |access-date=2011-06-03}} Drawing on the motifs and traditions in the buildings of the Carpathian Mountains, the style was pioneered by Stanisław Witkiewicz and is now considered a core tradition of the Goral people.{{cite web|url=http://www.muzeumtatrzanskie.com.pl/?strona,menu,pol,glownaen,0,0,1445,the_museum_of_the_zakopane_style,ant.html |title=The Tatra Museum - The Museum of the Zakopane Style |publisher=Muzeumtatrzanskie.com.pl |access-date=2011-06-03}}

The most prominent examples of the style are:

  • Villa Koliba - built in 1892–93 by Stanisław Witkiewicz
  • Villa Oksza - built in 1894–95 by Stanisław Witkiewicz
  • Villa Pod Jedlami - built in 1897 by Stanisław Witkiewicz
  • Chapel in Jaszczurówka - built in 1904–07 by Stanisław Witkiewicz
  • Tatra Museum - built in 1913–24 by Stanisław Witkiewicz
  • Grand Hotel Stamary - built in 1903-05 by Eugeniusz Wesołowski

Other important sights in Zakopane include:

File:Willa drewn. „Koliba”, Zakopane, A-1125 M 01.jpg|Museum of Zakopane Style at Villa Koliba

File:Willa „Oksza”, Zakopane, A-68 M 02.jpg|Villa Oksza art gallery

File:Willa pod Jedlami w Zakopanem.jpg|Pod Jedlami villa

File:Muzeum Karola Szymanowskiego w willi Atma w Zakopanem, fot. K. Schubert MIK 2019 (49140610748).jpg|Karol Szymanowski Museum at the Villa Atma

File:Kaplica w Jaszczurówce.jpg|Chapel at Jaszczurówka

File:Muzeum Tatrzańskie”, Zakopane, A-1130 M 05.jpg|The Tatra Museum in Zakopane

File:Zakopane, Grand Hotel Stamary - panoramio.jpg|Grand Hotel Stamary

File:Zakopane kosciol Swietej Rodziny dron (1).jpg|Romanesque Revival Church of the Holy Family

File:Zakopane - Cmentarz Na Pęksowym Brzyzku 01 fot. Hanna Ozimek.JPG|Old Cemetery in Pęksowy Brzyzek with the Church of Our Lady of Częstochowa in the background

Culture

Since the end of the 19th century Zakopane was an important place for many artists, who frequently visited, worked or lived here, especially during the Young Poland period.

Today the city hosts many museums and galleries:

Sports

The Tatras are a popular destination among hikers, skiers, ski-tourers and climbers.

=Mountaineering=

File:Kościelec view 2.jpg offer excellent opportunities for climbing. Świnica, here as seen from Kościelec, is the highest peak within the city limits, at {{convert|2,301|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}.]]

There is a network of well-marked hiking trails in the Tatras and according to the national park regulations the hikers must stick to them. Most of these trails are overcrowded, especially in the summer season.

The High Tatras offer excellent opportunities for climbing (up to X UIAA grade).

In summer, lightning and snow are both potential hazards for climbers, and the weather can change quickly. Thunderstorms are common in the afternoons. In winter the snow can be up to several meters deep.

=Skiing=

In the winter, thousands arrive in Zakopane to ski, especially around Christmas and in February. The most popular skiing areas are Kasprowy Wierch and Gubałówka.{{cite web|url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/traveloutdoors/2002822417_poland26.html|title=Seattle Times - Scenic Zakopane|access-date=10 April 2019}} There are a number of cross country skiing trails in the forests surrounding the town.

Zakopane hosted the Nordic World Ski Championships in 1929, 1939, and 1962; the winter Universiades in 1956, 1993, and 2001; the biathlon World Championship; several ski jumping world cups; and several Nordic combined, Nordic and Alpine European Cups. It hosted the second Alpine World Ski Championships in 1939, the first outside the Alps and the last official world championships prior to World War II.{{Cite web |title=History of Snowsports |url=https://www.fis-ski.com/en/inside-fis/about-fis/history/history-of-snowsports |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=www.fis-ski.com |language=en}}

Zakopane made unsuccessful bids to host the 2006 Winter Olympics and the 2011 and 2013 Alpine World Ski Championships.

= Football =

In Zakopane, there are two football clubs – one of them is KS Zakopane, which was established in 2007 as a result of the merger of ZKP Zakopane and Jutrzenka Zakopane. It currently competes in the B-class league, in the Podhale II group. Its matches are played at the facility located at Orkana Street 6.

In the 2015/2016 season, the Football Club Zakopane was reactivated. After a successful 2015/16 season, in which the ZKP players managed to secure a promotion-eligible spot in the Podhale C-class, they are now playing in the Podhale B-class league.

Tourism

File:Zakopane kolej na Gubalowke 3.jpg]]

File:02638Zakopane.JPG

Zakopane is visited by over 2,500,000 tourists a year.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} In the winter, Zakopane's tourists are interested in winter sports activities such as skiing, snowboarding, ski jumping, snowmobiling, sleigh rides, snowshoe walks, and Ice skating.{{Cite web|url=http://www.discoverzakopane.com/things-to-do-in-zakopane.html|title=Things to do in Zakopane and Tatra Mountains.|last=altius|website=www.discoverzakopane.com|access-date=2017-05-04}} During the summer, Tourists come to do activities like hiking, climbing, bike and horse ride the Tatras mountain, there are many trails in the Tatras. Tourists ride quads and dirt bikes that you can rent. Swimming and boat rides on the Dunajec river are popular. Many come to experience Goral culture, which is rich in its unique styles of food, speech, architecture, music, and costume. Zakopane is especially popular during the winter holidays, which are celebrated in traditional style, with dances, decorated horse-pulled sleighs called kuligs and roast lamb.

A popular tourist activity is taking a stroll along the town's most popular street: Krupówki. It is lined with stores, restaurants, carnival rides, and performers.

During the winter and summer seasons, Krupówki Street is crowded with tourists visiting the shops and restaurants. In the summer, a local market along Krupówki Street offers traditional Goral apparel, leather jackets, fur coats, shoes, and purses. Venders also sell foods like the famous oscypek smoked sheep cheese, fruit, vegetables, and meats. There are also many stands with Zakopane souvenirs.

Zakopane is popular for its nightlife. At night there are always people walking around town checking out the different bars and dance clubs. Most of these bars and dance clubs are located on Krupowki street.[http://www.local-life.com/zakopane/pubs]

Other activities include also Zakopane's Thermal Baths - a modern aquapark with outside swimming pools with thermal water.

A scene in Andrzej Wajda's film Man of Marble (Człowiek z marmuru) was filmed in Zakopane, introducing the town to a worldwide audience.

The mountain scenes from the Bollywood film Fanaa were filmed around Zakopane.

International relations

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland}}

Zakopane participates in town twinning to foster international links.

Notable structures

Notable residents

File:MalczewskiJacek.1897.PortretStanislawaWitkiewicza.jpg]]

File:Karol Szymanowski.jpg]]

File:Kamil Stoch Atlas.jpg]]

{{See also|Category:People from Zakopane}}

= Sport =

Notable visitors

  • Henryk Sienkiewicz (1846–1916)Monika Piątkowska, Prus: Śledztwo biograficzne (Prus: A Biographical Investigation), Kraków, Wydawnictwo Znak, 2017, {{ISBN|978-83-240-4543-3}}, p. 327.
  • Bolesław Prus (1847 – 1912)Krystyna Tokarzówna and Stanisław Fita, Bolesław Prus, 1847–1912: Kalendarz życia i twórczości (Bolesław Prus, 1847–1912: A Calendar of His Life and Work), edited by Zygmunt Szweykowski, Warsaw, Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1969, pp. 232, 235, et passim.
  • Joseph Conrad (1857 – 1924)Zdzisław Najder, Joseph Conrad: A Life, translated by Halina Najder, Rochester, New York, Camden House, 2007, {{ISBN|1-57113-347-X}}, pp. 458–63.
  • Stefan Żeromski (1864 – 1925)Zdzisław Najder, Joseph Conrad: A Life, translated by Halina Najder, Rochester, New York, Camden House, 2007, {{ISBN|1-57113-347-X}}, pp. 463–64.
  • Bronisława Dłuska, (1865 – 1939) Polish physician, older sister of physicist Marie Curie
  • Marie Curie (1867 – 1934){{cite web|url=http://zakopane.naszemiasto.pl/artykul/zakopane-maria-sklodowska-cure-kochala-podhale,810274,art,t,id,tm.html|title=Zakopane: Maria Skłodowska Cure kochała Podhale|first=Tomasz|last=Mateusiak|date=9 March 2011|website=zakopane.naszemiasto.pl|access-date=10 April 2019}}
  • Józef Piłsudski (1867 – 1935)
  • Vladimir Lenin (1870 – 1924){{Cite web |date=2023-02-04 |title=Lenin faktycznie trafił do Zakopanego. "Bose baby (...) zupełnie jak w Rosji!" |url=https://kultura.onet.pl/wywiady-i-artykuly/wladimir-lenin-naprawde-byl-w-polsce-i-zakopanem-spedzil-tu-dwa-lata/v4txywn |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=Onet Kultura |language=pl}}
  • Alfred Döblin (1878 – 1957){{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/journeytopoland00dobl/page/211|title=Journey to Poland|author=Döblin, Alfred|date=1991|publisher=Paragon House Publishers|others=Neugroschel, Joachim., Graber, Heinz., Mazal Holocaust Collection.|isbn=1557782679|edition=1st American|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/journeytopoland00dobl/page/211 211–227]|oclc=21950967|url-access=registration}}
  • Aniela Zagórska (1881 – 1943) niece of Joseph ConradZdzisław Najder, Joseph Conrad: A Life, translated by Halina Najder, Rochester, New York, Camden House, 2007, {{ISBN|1-57113-347-X}}, p. 463.
  • Rudolf Weigl (1883 – 1957)Waclaw Szybalski, "The genius of Rudolf Stefan Weigl (1883 – 1957), a Lvovian microbe hunter and breeder": in memoriam, McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, US.
  • Edward Rydz-Śmigły (1886 – 1941), Marshal of Poland, who painted some Zakopane sights
  • Artur Rubinstein (1887 – 1982)
  • Julian Tuwim (1894 – 1953), died in Zakopane
  • Krystyna Skarbek (1908 – 1952)Madeleine Masson, Christine: A Search for Christine Granville, G.M., O.B.E., Croix de Guerre, with a Foreword by Francis Cammaerts, D.S.O., Légion d'Honneur, Croix de Guerre, U.S. Medal of Freedom, London, Hamish Hamilton, 1975, p. 24.
  • Stanisław Lem (1921 – 2006){{Cite web |title=Stanisław Lem odwiedzający Tatry i Zakopane |url=https://literackifestiwal.zakopane.eu/aktualno%C5%9Bci/519-stanis%C5%82aw-lem-odwiedzaj%C4%85cy-tatry-i-zakopane.html |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=literackifestiwal.zakopane.eu}}
  • Charles III (born 1948)[http://parsonsmedia.photoshelter.com/image/I0000Jv07SSA5Dgk Photo of HRH The Prince of Wales] Thursday 13 June 2002, walking "around the lake Morskie Oko during a walk at Tatras National Park on the final stage of his tour of Poland"

Gallery

File:2018-07-03 Zakopane from air 05.jpg|Aerial view of Zakopane

File:Zakopane at night.jpg|Zakopane at night

File:Zakopane - skiing (28).JPG|Zakopane - view from Gubałówka Hill (Tatra mountains in the background)

File:Wielka Krokiew 2012.jpg|Wielka Krokiew ski jumping hill

File:Zakopane - skiing (35).JPG|Zakopane - Gubałówka Hill ski run

File:Zakopane - skiing (14).JPG|Zakopane - Gubałówka Hill: a nursery ski run

File:Kolejka linowa Polana Szymoszkowa T58.jpg|Polana Szymoszkowa ski lift

File:Katyn Memorial at Zakopane.JPG|Katyń Memorial in Peksów Brzyzek Cemetery

File:The contemplative Christ of Zakopane.JPG|Traditional wooden shrine

File:Zakopane Jan 2014 017.JPG|Traditional oscypek cheese

File:Zakopane Poland 1938.jpg|Zakopane, mountain massif Giewont (1938)

File:Rydz.JPG|right|Old Church in Zakopane, oil painting by Edward Rydz-Śmigły.

See also

{{Portal bar|Poland}}

Notes

{{Reflist}}

Bibliography

  • Stanisław Kasztelowicz and Stanisław Eile, Stefan Żeromski: kalendarz życia i twórczości (Stefan Żeromski: A Calendar of His Life and Work), Kraków, Wydawnictwo Literackie, 1961.
  • Zdzisław Najder, Joseph Conrad: A Life, translated by Halina Najder, Rochester, New York, Camden House, 2007, {{ISBN|1-57113-347-X}}.
  • Krystyna Tokarzówna and Stanisław Fita, Bolesław Prus, 1847–1912: Kalendarz życia i twórczości (Bolesław Prus, 1847–1912: A Calendar of His Life and Work), edited by Zygmunt Szweykowski, Warsaw, Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1969.