Zambian Air Force

{{Short description|Air warfare branch of Zambia's military}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}

{{Infobox military unit

| unit_name = Zambia Air Force

| native_name =

| image = 180px

| image_size =

| caption = Zambia Air Force roundel

| start_date = {{start date and age|df=y|1964}}

| country = {{flag|Zambia}}

| allegiance =

| branch =

| type = Air force

| role = Aerial warfare

| size =

| command_structure = Zambia Defence Force

| garrison = Lusaka

| garrison_label = Headquarters

| nickname =

| patron =

| motto = "Defend and Support"

| colours =

| colours_label =

| march =

| mascot =

| anniversaries =

| equipment =

| equipment_label =

| battles =

| decorations =

| battle_honours =

| battle_honours_label =

| flying_hours =

| website =

| commander1 ={{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_President_of_Zambia.svg|size=25x25px}} Hakainde Hichilema

| commander1_label = Commander-in-chief

| commander2 = Ambrose Lufuma

| commander2_label = Minister of Defence

| commander3 ={{Flagicon image|Zambia Air Force Three stars.png|thumb|ZAF 3 Stars|size=25x25px}} Lieutenant General Oscar Nyoni

| commander3_label = ZAF Commander

| commander4 ={{Flagicon image|ZAF 2 STARS.png|thumb|ZAF 2 STARS|size=25x25px}} Maj Gen Arthur kalaluka

| commander4_label = Deputy ZAF Commander

| notable_commanders = Lieutenant General Ronnie Shikapwasha

| identification_symbol = 60px

| identification_symbol_label = Roundel

| identification_symbol_2 = 60px

| identification_symbol_2_label = Fin flash

| identification_symbol_3 =

| identification_symbol_3_label =

| aircraft_attack =

| aircraft_bomber =

| aircraft_electronic =

| aircraft_fighter = Hongdu L-15, Shenyang J-6

| aircraft_helicopter = Mil Mi-17, Bell 205, Bell 206,Bell 412

| aircraft_helicopter_attack =

| aircraft_helicopter_cargo =

| aircraft_helicopter_multirole =

| aircraft_helicopter_observation =

| aircraft_helicopter_trainer =

| aircraft_helicopter_utility =

| aircraft_interceptor =

| aircraft_patrol =

| aircraft_recon =

| aircraft_trainer = Aermacchi SF.260, Hongdu K-8, Hongdu L-15, FT-6, Aermacchi MB-326

| aircraft_transport = Harbin Y-12, Xian MA60, Alenia C-27J Spartan

| aircraft_tanker =

| aircraft_general =

}}

The Zambia Air Force (ZAF) is the air force of Zambia and the air operations element of the Zambian Defence Force. Following the creation of the Republic of Zambia in 1964, the former Northern Rhodesia Air Force was renamed as the Zambia Air Force.

The primary missions of the Air Force are to defend Zambia's borders and protect its airspace. In addition, it provides various forms of air support to other government departments. It also flies reconnaissance, trooping and transport missions for the police and airlifts medical supplies and personnel to inaccessible areas. Finally, the organisation provides emergency transport whenever needed.{{Citation needed|date=May 2020}}

History

Prior to the demise of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, military air operations in the then British protectorate of Northern Rhodesia were provided by the Royal Air Force, and then the Royal Rhodesian Air Force.

The Northern Rhodesia Air Force was established on 1 March 1964, primarily operating in a liaison and transport role. It consisted of two squadrons:{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|page=199}}

On 24 October 1964, on the date of the establishment of the independent Republic of Zambia, the name of the Northern Rhodesia Air Force was subsequently changed to Zambian Air Force. The early years of the ZAF saw continued close cooperation with the United Kingdom as a supplier of aircraft, and recruiting British officers still was a standard practice. Thanks to deliveries of six de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunks and other equipment, the Flying Training School was formed. These were followed by five DHC-4A Caribous. Starting in 1966, moving away from the British became a priority, and the ZAF started favouring the purchase of Italian and Yugoslavian aircraft. In this period, deliveries of Agusta-Bell AB.205s allowed for the formation of the ZAF's first helicopter squadron. Other aircraft acquired from Italy included SIAI-Marchetti SF.260s and Aermacchi MB-326GB light attack aircraft. Soko J-21 Jastrebs and Soko G-2 Galebs were delivered by Yugoslavia.

In the late 1970s, relations with China increased in importance. In this period, 12 Shenyang F-5s and FT-5s were delivered, as well as 12 Shenyang F-6s. In September 1980, the USSR started the deliveries of at least 16 MiG-21bis fighters and two MiG-21UM trainers.{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|pages=199-200}}

Zambia Air Force ranks and insignia

class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"

|+

!Rank

!Insignia

Lance corporal

| rowspan="13" |

Corporal
Sergeant
Staff Sergeant
Warrant officer II
Warrant officer l
2ND Lieutenant
Lieutenant
Captain
Major
Lieutenant Colonel
Colonel
Brigadier general
Major general
Lieutenant general
General

Source

[http://www.uniforminsignia.org/?option=com_insigniasearch&Itemid=53&result=2483 International encyclopedia of uniform Insignia]

Equipment

Few details are available on force deployment, but combat elements are understood to be located at Lusaka (K-8), Mbala (F-6) and Mumbwa (MiG-21), with the small fleet of transport aircraft and utility helicopters also reportedly stationed at Lusaka.{{Cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/articles/Janes-Sentinel-Security-Assessment-Southern-Africa/Air-force-Zambia.html|title=Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's - IHS}} Zambia Air Force's JL-10 are equipped with PESA fire control radar along with wingtip rails for PL-5 air-to-air missiles. A 23mm gun pod can be mounted on the centreline. Four hardpoints allow for various ordnance, including 250 and 500kg bombs, HF-18 57mm rocket pods, LS-6 guided bombs or the TL-10/YJ-9E air-to-surface missile.{{Cite web|last=Donald|first=David|title=China's L-15 Jet Displayed by Zambia In South Africa|url=https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2016-09-16/chinas-l-15-jet-displayed-zambia-south-africa|access-date=2022-01-29|website=Aviation International News|language=en}}

= Current inventory =

File:Zambian Air Force MA-60 MTI-1.jpg

File:Zambian AF Yarbin Y-12 AF215 (8409115700).jpg

File:Zambian Air Force Hongdu K-8 at AAD 2000.jpg

class="wikitable"

! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;"|Aircraft

! style="text-align: center; background:#acc;"|Origin

! style="text-align:l center; background:#acc;"|Type

! style="text-align:left; background:#acc;"|Variant

! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;"|In service

! style="text-align: center; background:#acc;"|Notes

style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | Combat aircraft
Shenyang J-6

|China

|Fighter

|F-6

|8{{cite web |last=Hoyle |first=Craig |year=2023 |title=World Air Forces 2024 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/download?ac=98881 |access-date=12 December 2023 |publisher=FlightGlobal}}

|

colspan="7" style="align: center; background: lavender;" | Transport
Beech 1900

|United States

|Utility

|

|1

|

C-27J Spartan

|Italy

|Transport

|

|2

|

Cessna 208

|United States

|Utility

|

|2

|

Harbin Y-12

|China

|Utility

|

|1

|

Xi'an MA60

|China

|Transport

|

|7

|

colspan="7" style="align: center; background: lavender;" | Helicopters
Bell 205

|United States

|Utility

|

|12

|

Bell 206

|United States
/ Canada

|Utility

|

|2

|

Bell 212

|United States
/ Canada

|Utility

|

|2

|

Enstrom 480

|United States

|Trainer

|

|

|2 on order

Harbin Z-9

|China

|Utility

|

|7

|

Mil Mi-17

|Soviet Union
/ Russia

|Utility

|Mi-171

|5

Bell 412

|United States

|Transport

|Enhanced Performance Exportable Medium-Lift

|

|on order

colspan="7" style="align: center; background: lavender;" | Trainer
Hongdu JL-8

|China

|Jet trainer

|K-8

|16

|

Hongdu JL-10

|China

|Attack / Jet trainer

|L-15Z

|6

|

Saab Safari

|Sweden

|Basic trainer

|MFI-15

|14

|

Shenyang J-6

|China

|Conversion trainer

|FT-6

|2

|

SIAI-Marchetti SF.260

|Italy

|Basic trainer

|

|12

|

style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" |UAV
Elbit Hermes 450

|Israel

|UCAV

|

|3{{Cite web|date=2021-06-29|title=Zambian military parades new weapons * Military Africa|url=https://www.africanmilitaryblog.com/2021/06/zambian-military-parades-new-weapons|access-date=2022-01-29|website=Military Africa|language=en-US}}

|

= Air defence systems =

class="wikitable"

! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;" |Model

! style="text-align: center; background:#acc;" |Origin

! style="text-align:l center; background:#acc;" |Type

! style="text-align:left; background:#acc;" |Variant

! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;" |Number

! style="text-align: center; background:#acc;" |Notes

Rapier

|United Kingdom

|Surface-to-air missile

|

|

|

S-125

|Soviet Union

|Surface-to-air missile

|

|

|

M-1939

|Soviet Union

|Anti-aircraft gun

|

|

|

ZPU-4

|Soviet Union

|Anti-aircraft gun

|

|

|

ZU-23-2

|Soviet Union

|Anti-aircraft gun

|

|

|

Commands

Commands are typically under the leadership of an Air Officer Commanding (AOC) who holds a rank of Brigadier General.

  • Strike Command{{cite web|url=https://www.airforce.mil.zm/what-we-do.html|access-date=2022-03-02|publisher=Zambia Air Force|title=Welcome to What We do Page }}
  • Training Command
  • Tactical Air Mobility Command
  • Logistics Command
  • Northern Air Defence Command
  • Central Air Defence Command

Formations

  • No. 65 Wing "Preamonitus Preamonitus "{{cite web|url=https://www.airforce.mil.zm/who-we-are.html|access-date=2022-03-02|publisher=Zambia Air Force|title=About Zambia Air Force}}
  • No. 71 Wing "Defending with valor"

Flying units

  • No. 1 Squadron (C-27J) "With excellence"
  • No. 8 Squadron (K-8E) "Ready to Move"
  • No. 10 Squadron "On eagle wings, we lift"
  • No. 11 Squadron "Warrior spirit"
  • No. 14 Squadron "Strike Command"
  • No. 21 Squadron (K-8E) "Fighting vipers"
  • No. 22 Squadron (Y-12)"Anytime Anywhere"
  • No. 33 Squadron "Service above self"
  • No. 43 Squadron "Poised and ready to strike"

Training units

  • Centre for Advanced learning "Learning for proficiency"
  • Zambia Air Force Academy "To learn to defend our country"
  • Technical Training School "Strive for excellency"
  • Ground training School "Knowledge Efficiency"
  • Flying Training School "Nihil Nisi Optima"
  • Air Defence School "Excellence through knowledge"

Leadership

= Commanders =

class="wikitable"

!Rank

!Name

!Period

Group Captain

|John Edward Kilduff

|1964 - 1972

Lieutenant General

|Peter Dingiswayo Zuze

|1972 - 1976

Major General

|Christopher Kabwe

|1976 - 1980

Lieutenant General

|Hannania Lungu

|1980 - 1990

Lieutenant General

|Herbert Simutowe

|1990 - 1991

Lieutenant General

|Ronnie Shikapwasha{{cite web|date=1997-12-02|title=Zambia: Chiluba Sacks Vice President In Major Cabinet Reshuffle|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/199712020034.html|access-date=2021-01-31|website=allafrica.com}}

|1991 - 1997

Lieutenant General

|Sande Kayumba

|1997 - 2001

Lieutenant General

|Christopher Singogo{{Cite web|url=http://en.people.cn/200608/26/eng20060826_297015.html|title=People's Daily Online -- Zambian president fires air force commander|website=en.people.cn}}

|2001 - 2006

Lieutenant General

|Samuel Mapala{{Cite web|url=https://www.lusakatimes.com/2010/04/07/rb-retires-defence-chiefs-deputies/|title=Zambia : President Banda retires top defense Chiefs(corrected)|date=7 April 2010}}

|2006 - 2010

Lieutenant General

|Andrew Sakala{{Cite web|title=ZRA boss suspended|url=http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/index.php/politics/1084-zra-boss-suspended|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111225171907/http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/index.php/politics/1084-zra-boss-suspended|archive-date=25 December 2011|access-date=3 December 2011|df=dmy-all}}

|2010 - 2011

Lieutenant General

|Eric Mwaba Chimese{{cite web|title=President Sata Suspends Two Contracts|url=http://www.trulyzambian.com/news/president-sata-suspends-two-contracts-9973|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426015233/http://www.trulyzambian.com/news/president-sata-suspends-two-contracts-9973|archive-date=26 April 2012|work=Truly Zambian|df=dmy-all}}

|2011 - 2018

Lieutenant General

|David Muma{{cite web|url=https://zambia.co.zm/news/headlines/2018/07/25/pres-lungu-replaces-chimese-as-zaf-commander-2/|title=Pres. Lungu Replaces Chimese as ZAF Commander|work=Zambia Online}}

|2018 - 2021

Lieutenant General

|Colin Barry{{Cite web|date=2021-08-30|title=I have a lot to offer to the air force - ZAF Commander Lt Gen Colin Barry|url=https://zambianobserver.com/i-have-a-lot-to-offer-to-the-air-force-zaf-commander-lt-gen-colin-barry/|access-date=2022-01-29|website=The Zambian Observer|language=en-US|first=Chambwa |last=Moonga}}

|2021 - 2023

Lieutenant General

|Oscar Nyoni{{Cite web|title=We don’t want confusion in ZAF, Hichilema warns new Commander|url=https://zambianobserver.com/we-dont-want-confusion-in-zaf-hichilema-warns-new-commander/|access-date=2024-01-09|website=The Zambian Observer|language=en-US|date=2023-12-20|first=Buumba |last=Mwitumwa}}

|2023-

See also

  • Nina Tapula, first woman pilot for the Zambian Air Force

References

=Notes=

{{Reflist}}

=Bibliography=

  • {{cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Tom |last2=Weinert |first2=Peter |last3=Hinz |first3=Fabian |last4=Lepko |first4=Mark |title=African MiGs, Volume 2: Madagascar to Zimbabwe |date=2011 |publisher=Harpia Publishing |location=Houston |isbn=978-0-9825539-8-5}}

{{Commons category|Zambian Air Force}}

{{Air forces}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Air forces by country

Air force

Air force

Category:Military units and formations established in 1968

Category:1968 establishments in Zambia

Category:Military aviation in Africa