Zen 4

Like its predecessor, Zen 4 in its Desktop Ryzen variants features one or two Core Complex Dies (CCDs) built on TSMC's 5 nm process and one I/O die built on 6 nm.{{cite web |last1=Alcorn |first1=Paul |date=May 23, 2022 |title=AMD Intros Zen 4 Ryzen 7000 CPUs and Motherboards: Up to 5.5 GHz, 15%+ Performance, RDNA 2 Graphics |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/amd-intros-zen-4-ryzen-7000-cpus-and-600-series-chipset-up-to-55-ghz-15-performance-rdna-2-igpus-pcie-5-ddr5 |website=Tom's Hardware |language=en-US |access-date=August 16, 2022}}{{cite web |last1=Garreffa |first1=Anthony |date=May 29, 2022 |title=AMD RDNA2 GPU 'is standard' on ALL next-gen Ryzen 7000 series CPUs |url=https://www.tweaktown.com/news/86508/amd-rdna2-gpu-is-standard-on-all-next-gen-ryzen-7000-series-cpus/index.html |website=TweakTown |language=en-US |access-date=August 16, 2022}} Previously, the I/O die on Zen 3 was built on GlobalFoundries' 14 nm process for EPYC and 12 nm process for Ryzen. Zen 4's I/O die includes integrated RDNA 2 graphics for the first time on any Zen architecture. Zen 4 marks the first utilization of the 5 nm process for x86-based desktop processors and also marks the return of 5.0 GHz clock rate to any AMD processors for the first time since the AMD FX-9590.

On all platforms, Zen 4 supports only DDR5 memory and LPDDR5X in mobile, with support for DDR4 and LPDDR4X dropped. Additionally, Zen 4 supports new AMD EXPO SPD profiles for more comprehensive memory tuning and overclocking by the RAM manufacturers. Unlike Intel's XMP, EXPO is marketed as an open, license and royalty-free standard for describing memory kit parameters, such as operating frequency, timings and voltages. It allows to encode a wider set of timings to achieve better performance and compatibility. However, XMP memory profiles are still supported.{{cite web |last1=Smith |first1=Ryan |last2=Bonshor |first2=Gavin |date=September 26, 2022 |title=AMD Zen 4 Ryzen 9 7950X and Ryzen 5 7600X Review: Retaking The High-End |url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/17585/amd-zen-4-ryzen-9-7950x-and-ryzen-5-7600x-review-retaking-the-high-end/ |website=AnandTech |language=en-US |access-date=September 27, 2022}} EXPO can also support Intel processors.{{cite web |last1=Roach |first1=Jacob |date=September 6, 2022 |title=What is AMD EXPO and should my DDR5 have it? |url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/what-is-amd-expo/ |website=Digital Trends |language=en-US |access-date=October 2, 2022}}

All Zen 4 Ryzen desktop processors feature 28 (24 usable + 4 reserved) PCI Express 5.0 lanes. This means that a discrete GPU can be connected by 16 PCIe lanes or two GPUs by 8 PCIe lanes each. Additionally, there are now 2 x 4 lane PCIe interfaces, most often used for M.2 storage devices. Whether the lanes connecting the GPUs in the mechanical x16 slots are executed as PCIe 4.0 or PCIe 5.0 can be configured by the mainboard manufacturers. Finally, 4 PCIe 5.0 lanes are reserved for connecting the south bridge chip or chipset.

Zen 4 is the first AMD microarchitecture to support AVX-512 instruction set extension. Most 512-bit vector instructions are split in two and executed by the 256-bit SIMD execution units internally. The two halves execute in parallel on a pair of execution units and are still tracked as a single micro-OP (except for stores), which means the execution latency isn't doubled compared to 256-bit vector instructions. There are four 256-bit execution units, which gives a maximum throughput of two 512-bit vector instructions per clock cycle, e.g. one multiplication and one addition. The maximum number of instructions per clock cycle is doubled for vectors of 256 bits or less. Load and store units are also 256 bits each, retaining the throughput of up to two 256-bit loads or one store per cycle that was supported by Zen 3. This translates to up to one 512-bit load per cycle or one 512-bit store per two cycles.{{cite web |author=clamchowder |date=November 5, 2022 |title=AMD's Zen 4 Part 1: Frontend and Execution Engine |url=https://chipsandcheese.com/2022/11/05/amds-zen-4-part-1-frontend-and-execution-engine/ |website=Chips and Cheese |language=en-US |access-date=November 16, 2022}}{{cite web |last1=Fog |first1=Agner |title=The microarchitecture of Intel, AMD and VIA CPUs |url=https://www.agner.org/optimize/microarchitecture.pdf |website=Agner Fog. Technical University of Denmark |language=en |access-date=November 10, 2022}}

Other features and improvements, compared to Zen 3, include:

• L1 Branch Target Buffer (BTB) size increased by 50%, to 1.5K entries. Each entry is now able to store up to two branch targets, provided that the first branch is a conditional branch and the second branch is located within the same aligned 64-byte cache line as the first one.
• L2 BTB increased to 7K entries.
• Improved direct and indirect branch predictors.
• OP cache size increased by 69%, from 4K to 6.75K OPs. The OP cache is now able to produce up to 9 macro-OPs per cycle (up from 6).
• Re-order buffer (ROB) is increased by 25%, to 320 instructions.
• Integer register file increased to 224 registers, FP/vector register file increased to 192 registers. FP/vector register file widened to 512 bits to support AVX-512. Added a new mask register file, capable of storing 68 mask registers.
• Load queue size increased by 22%, to 88 pending loads.
• L2 cache is doubled, from 512 KiB to 1 MiB per core, 8-way associative.
• Automatic IBRS, where indirect branch restricted speculation mode is automatically enabled and disabled when control enters and leaves Ring 0 (kernel mode). This reduces the cost of user/kernel mode transitions.
• ~13% IPC increase on average.
• Up to 5.7 GHz max core frequency.
• Memory speeds up to DDR5-5200 and LPDDR5X-7500 are officially supported.
• In Ryzen 7000 desktop processors and Ryzen 7045HX mobile processors, the integrated GPU contains two RDNA 2 Compute Units running at up to 2.2 GHz.
• Supports up to four display outputs, including HDMI 2.1 and DisplayPort 2 interfaces, but possible to attach more displays with discrete GPU.
• 5-level memory paging support for page table{{Cite web |last=Larabel |first=Michael |date=2024-07-04 |title=Linux Looking To Make 5-Level Paging Support Unconditional For x86_64 Kernel Builds |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Linux-Unconditional-5-Level-x86 |access-date=2024-07-05 |website=Phoronix.com |language=en}}

File:AMD@5nmCCD(6nmIOD)@Zen4@Raphael@Ryzen 7 7800X3D@100-000000910 BS 2312PGY 9LW3390030138 DSCx01.jpg

On August 29, 2022, AMD announced four Zen 4-based Ryzen 7000 series desktop processors. The four Ryzen 7000 processors that were launched on September 27, 2022 consist of the Ryzen 5 7600X, Ryzen 7 7700X, and two Ryzen 9 CPUs: the 7900X and 7950X. The processors feature between 6 and 16 cores.{{cite web |title=AMD Ryzen 7000 "Zen4" desktop series launch September 27th, Ryzen 9 7950X for 699 USD |url=https://videocardz.com/newz/amd-ryzen-7000-zen4-desktop-series-launch-september-27th-ryzen-9-7950x-for-699-usd |website=VideoCardz |date=August 29, 2022 |access-date=August 30, 2022}}

A further three models were added to the Ryzen 7000 desktop processors lineup on January 10, 2023, after a keynote by AMD at CES that announced them alongside 3D V-Cache variants of Ryzen 7 and Ryzen 9 processors, which drop the X in the name of the first CPUs in the lineup. These three models are the Ryzen 5 7600, Ryzen 7 7700, and Ryzen 9 7900, which feature a lower TDP of 65 W, and come bundled with stock coolers, unlike the X-suffix processors.{{cite web |last1=Delgado |first1=Camilo |title=AMD Ryzen 7000 non-X series: 7600, 7700, 7900 specs, price, release date |url=https://www.pcguide.com/cpu/ryzen-7000-non-x-series/ |website=PC Guide |access-date=24 July 2023 |date=10 January 2023}}{{cite web |last1=Hong |first1=Soon Kai |date=13 January 2023 |title=Ryzen 7000 Non-X Review: This Is Some Serious EfficiencyThis time, we’re taking a look at the Ryzen 5 7600 as well as the Ryzen 9 7900. Both of which are rated at just a mere 65W. |url=https://www.tech360.tv/ryzen-7000-non-x-review |access-date=24 July 2023 |website=tech360tv |language=en}}

The Ryzen 9 7900X3D and 7950X3D processors with 3D V-Cache were released on February 28, 2023,{{cite web |last1=White |first1=Monica J. |title=AMD Ryzen 9 7950X vs. Ryzen 9 7950X3D: 3D V-cache compared |url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/amd-ryzen-9-7950x-vs-ryzen-9-7950x3d/ |website=Digital Trends |access-date=24 July 2023 |language=en |date=7 March 2023}} followed by the Ryzen 7 7800X3D on April 6.{{cite web |last1=Epps |first1=Ryan |title=Ryzen 7 7800X3D release date - confirmed |url=https://www.pcguide.com/cpu/ryzen-7-7800x3d-release-date/ |website=PC Guide |access-date=24 July 2023 |date=6 April 2023}}

{{AMD Ryzen 7000 Series}}

The Phoenix desktop APU's were launched on January 8, 2024 as the "Ryzen 8000G" series for the AM5 socket and marketed as first desktop processor to feature a dedicated AI Accelerator branded as "Ryzen AI".{{Cite web |last=Bonshor |first=Gavin |title=AMD Unveils Ryzen 8000G Series Processors: Zen 4 APUs For Desktop with Ryzen AI |url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/21208/amd-unveils-ryzen-8000g-series-processors-zen-4-apus-for-desktop-with-ryzen-ai |date=2024-01-08 |access-date=2024-01-09 |website=anandtech.com}}{{Cite web |last=Alcorn |first=Paul |date=2024-01-08 |title=AMD launches Ryzen 8000G ‘Phoenix’ APUs, brings AI to the desktop PC — reveals Zen 4c clocks for the first time |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/pc-components/cpus/amd-launches-ryzen-8000g-phoenix-apus-brings-ai-to-the-desktop-pc-reveals-zen-4c-clocks-for-the-first-time |access-date=2024-01-09 |website=Tom's Hardware |language=en}}

On April 1, 2024, AMD quietly released the Ryzen 8000 series of desktop processors without integrated graphics.{{cite web |title=AMD officially introduces Ryzen 7 8700F and Ryzen 5 8400F CPUs |url=https://videocardz.com/newz/amd-officially-introduces-ryzen-7-8700f-and-ryzen-5-8400f-cpus |website=videocardz.com |access-date=12 April 2024 |date=11 April 2024}}

{{AMD Ryzen 8000 series}}

{{AMD Ryzen 8000 desktop APUs}}

File:Unterseite des AMD Ryzen Threadripper 7970X 20240406 HOF1915 RAW-Export 000157.png

Storm Peak is the codename given to Ryzen Threadripper 7000X HEDT and Ryzen Threadripper PRO 7000WX workstation processors, announced by AMD on October 19, 2023, and released on November 21, 2023. The Threadripper 7000X HEDT lineup consists of three models ranging from 24 to 64 cores, while the Threadripper PRO 7000WX workstation lineup encompasses six models ranging from 12 to 96 cores.{{cite web |last1=Hachman |first1=Mark |title=AMD's monstrous Threadripper 7000 CPUs aim for desktop PC dominance |url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/2109168/amds-monstrous-threadripper-7000-returns-to-desktop-pcs.html |website=PCWorld |access-date=23 October 2023 |language=en |date=19 October 2023}}

{{AMD Ryzen Threadripper 7000 series}}

On January 4, 2023, AMD announced its Phoenix and Dragon Range series of mobile processors based on Zen 4 at the 2023 Consumer Electronics Show (CES). The Phoenix processors target the mainstream notebook segment, feature an AI accelerator branded as "Ryzen AI", similar to Apple's Neural Engine, and are of a monolithic chip design, while the Dragon Range processors target the high-end segment, providing core counts up to 16 cores and 32 threads, and are built on a multi-chip module design, utilizing an I/O die and up to two core complex dies (CCDs).{{cite web |last1=Burek |first1=John |title='Phoenix' and 'Dragon Range' Arrive! AMD Outlines Ryzen 7000 Mobile CPUs, Some With Onboard 'Ryzen AI' |url=https://au.pcmag.com/laptops/98105/phoenix-and-dragon-range-arrive-amd-outlines-ryzen-7000-mobile-cpus-some-with-onboard-ryzen-ai |website=PCMag Australia |access-date=February 13, 2023 |language=en-au |date=January 5, 2023}}{{cite web |last1=Norem |first1=Josh |title=AMD's 'Dragon Range' 12-Core Mobile CPU Is 90% Faster Than 6900HX in PassMark |url=https://www.extremetech.com/gaming/342874-amds-dragon-range-12-core-mobile-cpu-is-90-faster-than-intel-6900hx-in-passmark |website=ExtremeTech |access-date=February 13, 2023 |date=February 6, 2023}}

The Phoenix mobile processors are named as the "Ryzen 7040" series, and include U, H, and HS-suffix variants.{{cite web |last1=Alcorn |first1=Paul |title=AMD Brings Chiplets, Zen 4, RDNA 3 and XDNA AI to Laptops: 5nm Dragon Range and 4nm Phoenix Arrive |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/amd-brings-chiplets-zen-4-rdna-3-and-xdna-ai-to-laptops-5nm-dragon-range-and-4nm-phoenix-arrive |website=Tom's Hardware |access-date=February 3, 2023 |language=en |date=January 5, 2023}}

{{AMD Ryzen Mobile 7040 series}}

The Dragon Range mobile processors are named as the "Ryzen 7045" series, and consist of HX, and HX3D suffix models only.

{{AMD Ryzen Mobile 7045 series}}

Hawk Point is a refresh of Phoenix mobile processors, named as the "Ryzen 8040" and "Ryzen 8045" series, released on December 6, 2023. It features a 60% faster NPU compared to the 7040 series.{{cite web |title=AMD Ryzen 8040 Series "Hawk Point" Mobile Processors Announced with a Faster NPU |url=https://www.techpowerup.com/316436/amd-ryzen-8040-series-hawk-point-mobile-processors-announced-with-a-faster-npu |website=TechPowerUp |access-date=12 April 2024 |date=7 December 2023}}

{{AMD Ryzen Mobile 8040 series}}

Hawk Point Refresh is a Refresh of Hawk Point mobile processors, named as the "Ryzen 200" series similar to Intel Core Ultra model numbering, specification similar to Hawk Point, released on Q2 2025.

On November 10, 2022, AMD launched the fourth generation (also known as the 9004 series) of EPYC server and data center processors based on the Zen 4 microarchitecture, codenamed Genoa.{{cite web |last1=Mujtaba |first1=Hassan |date=November 10, 2022 |title=AMD 4th Gen EPYC 9004 "Genoa Zen 4" CPUs Launched: Up To 96 Cores, 192 Threads, 384 MB L3 Cache & Crushing All Other Server Chips |url=https://wccftech.com/amd-4th-gen-epyc-genoa-zen-4-cpus-official-launch-96-cores-192-threads-worlds-fastest-server-chips/ |website=Wccftech |language=en-US |access-date=November 13, 2022}} Genoa features between 16 and 96 Zen 4 cores, alongside PCIe 5.0 and DDR5, designed for enterprise and cloud data center clients.

{{AMD Epyc 9004 series}}

Zen 4c is a variant of Zen 4 featuring smaller Zen 4 cores with lower clock frequencies, power usage, reduced L3 cache per core, and is intended to fit a greater number of cores in a given space. Zen 4c's smaller cores and higher core counts are designed for heavily multi-threaded workloads such as cloud computing.{{cite web |last1=Klotz |first1=Aaron |date=September 1, 2022 |title=Zen 4 EPYC's New Naming Scheme Leaked |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/model-numbering-updates-zen-4-epyc |website=Tom's Hardware |language=en-US |access-date=November 8, 2022}}{{cite press release |title=AMD Unveils Workload-Tailored Innovations and Products at The Accelerated Data Center Premiere |url=https://www.amd.com/en/press-releases/2021-11-08-amd-unveils-workload-tailored-innovations-and-products-the-accelerated |location=Santa Clara, CA |website=AMD |language=en-US |date=November 8, 2021 |access-date=November 8, 2022}}

A Zen 4c CCD features 16 smaller Zen 4c cores, divided into two Core Complexes (CCX) of 8 cores each.{{cite web |last=Mujtaba |first=Hassan |date=June 7, 2023 |title=AMD EPYC Bergamo CPU Die Detailed: 16 Zen 4C "Vindhya" Cores Per CCD & 35% Smaller Core Area |url=https://wccftech.com/amd-epyc-bergamo-cpu-die-detailed-16-zen-4c-vindhya-cores-per-ccd-35-percent-smaller-core-area/ |website=Wccftech |language=en-US |access-date=November 17, 2023}} The 16 core Zen 4c CCD is 9.6% larger in area than the regular 8 core Zen 4 CCD.{{cite web |title=AMD EPYC "Bergamo" Uses 16-core Zen 4c CCDs, Barely 10% Larger than Regular Zen 4 CCDs |url=https://www.techpowerup.com/309741/amd-epyc-bergamo-uses-16-core-zen-4c-ccds-barely-10-larger-than-regular-zen-4-ccds |website=TechPowerUp |language=en-US |date=June 7, 2023 |access-date=November 17, 2023}} The Zen 4c CCD die size measures at 72.7 mm² compared to the 66.3 mm² die area for the Zen 4 CCD. However, an individual Zen 4c core has a smaller footprint than a Zen 4 core, meaning that a larger number of smaller cores can be fitted into the CCD. A Zen 4c core is about 35.4% smaller than a Zen 4 core.{{cite web |last=Shilov |first=Anton |date=June 7, 2023 |title=AMD's EPYC 'Bergamo' and Zen 4c Detailed: Same as Zen 4, But Denser |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/amds-epyc-bergamo-and-zen-4c-detailed-same-as-zen-4-but-denser |website=Tom's Hardware |language=en-US |access-date=November 17, 2023}} In addition to the reduced core footprint, die space is further saved in the Zen 4c CCD via the use of denser 6T dual-port SRAM cells and an overall reduction of L3 cache to 16{{nbsp}}MB per 8-core CCX. Zen 4c cores have the same sized L1 and L2 caches as Zen 4 cores but the cache die area in Zen 4c cores is lower due to using denser SRAM and slower cache. The through-silicon via (TSV) connection arrays, which are used for vertical die stacking in Zen 4 3D V-Cache CCDs, are removed from the Zen 4c CCD to save silicon space.{{cite web |last1=Patel |first1=Dylan |last2=Wong |first2=Gerald |date=June 5, 2023 |title=Zen 4c: AMD's Response to Hyperscale ARM & Intel Atom |url=https://www.semianalysis.com/p/zen-4c-amds-response-to-hyperscale |website=SemiAnalysis |language=en-US |access-date=November 17, 2023}} Even though the Zen 4c core has a smaller footprint, it is still able to maintain the same IPC as the larger Zen 4 core.{{cite web |title=AMD Zen 4c Not an E-core, 35% Smaller than Zen 4, but with Identical IPC |url=https://www.techpowerup.com/310057/amd-zen-4c-not-an-e-core-35-smaller-than-zen-4-but-with-identical-ipc |website=TechPowerUp |language=en-US |date=June 14, 2023 |access-date=November 17, 2023}}

{{Quote box

| quote = "Our Zen 4c, it's our compact density that's an addition, it's a new swimlane to our cores roadmap, and it delivers the identical functionality of Zen 4 at about half of the core area."

| fontsize = 90%

| author = Mark Papermaster, AMD Chief Technical Officer (CTO)

| align = right

| width = 40%

}}

Unlike Intel's competing Gracemont E-cores, Zen 4c features 2 threads per core with simultaneous multithreading.{{cite web |last=Laird |first=Jeremy |date=June 7, 2023 |title=AMD's mini Zen 4c cores could have Intel's Efficient cores well beaten |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/amds-mini-zen-4c-cores-could-have-intels-efficient-cores-well-beaten/ |website=PC Gamer |language=en-US |access-date=November 17, 2023}} The IPC of a Zen 4c core is closer to that of a Zen 4 core than an Intel Gracemont E-core IPC is to a P-core. Additionally, Zen 4c supports the same instruction sets as Zen 4 such as AVX-512 which is not the case with Intel's P-cores and E-cores. Intel's Gracemont E-cores lack support for the AVX-512 instructions contained in Golden Cove P-cores.{{cite web |last=Laird |first=Jeremy |date=July 26, 2023 |title=AMD's mini Zen 4c cores explained: They're nothing like Intel's Efficient cores |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/amds-mini-zen-4c-cores-explained-theyre-nothing-like-intels-efficient-cores/ |website=PC Gamer |language=en-US |access-date=November 17, 2023}}

The Zen 4c core launched on June 13, 2023 with three Epyc Bergamo SKUs: 9734, 9754 and 9754S.{{cite web |last1=Szewczyk |first1=Chris |date=June 10, 2022 |title=AMD provides new Zen 4 details and touts a greater than 25% performance-per-watt gain |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/amd-provides-new-zen-4-details-and-touts-a-greater-than-25-performance-per-watt-gain/ |website=PC Gamer |language=en-US |access-date=November 8, 2022}} The 9754S SKU features 128 Zen 4c cores but only 128 threads rather than the full 256 threads as simultaneous multithreading is disabled.{{cite web |last1=Norem |first1=Josh |date=June 9, 2022 |title=Zen 4 on the Floor: AMD Promises 35 Percent Performance Jump For Next-Gen CPUs |url=https://www.extremetech.com/computing/336933-zen-4-on-the-floor-amd-promises-35-percent-performance-jump-for-next-gen-cpus |website=ExtremeTech |language=en-US |access-date=November 8, 2022}} Zen 4c launched in Epyc 8004 series processors, codenamed "Siena", on September 18, 2023. With up to 64 cores and 128 threads, Siena is designed with a lower cost platform in mind for entry-level server, edge computing, and telecommunications segments where higher energy efficiency is a priority.{{cite web |last1=Smith |first1=Ryan |date=18 September 2023 |title=AMD Releases EPYC 8004 "Siena" CPUs: Zen 4c For Edge-Optimized Server Chips |url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/20057/amd-releases-epyc-8004-siena-cpus-zen4c-for-edge |website=AnandTech |access-date=October 23, 2023}}

Zen 4c made its debut outside of server processors in the Ryzen 7040U series, codenamed "Phoenix 2", which launched on November 2, 2023. The Ryzen 3 7440U and Ryzen 5 7545U processors feature both standard Zen 4 cores and smaller Zen 4c cores.{{Cite web |last1=Bonshor |first1=Gavin |last2=Smith |first2=Ryan |date=November 2, 2023 |title=AMD Unveils Ryzen Mobile 7040U Series with Zen 4c: Smaller Cores, Bigger Efficiency |url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/21111/amd-unveils-ryzen-7040u-series-with-zen-4c-smaller-cores-bigger-efficiency |website=AnandTech |language=en-US |access-date=November 11, 2023}}

{{reflist}}

{{AMD processors}}

{{AMD processor roadmap}}

Category:AMD microarchitectures

Category:AMD x86 microprocessors

Category:Computer-related introductions in 2022

Category:X86 microarchitectures