bartizan
{{short description|Small turret projecting from the top of towers or parapets}}
{{redirect|Guerite|the American actress (1879–1947)|Laura Guerite}}
A bartizan (an alteration of bratticing), also called a guerite, garita, or échauguette, or spelled bartisan, is an overhanging turret projecting from the walls of late-medieval and early-modern fortifications from the early 14th century up to the 18th century.{{Nuttall|inline=1|title=Bartizan}} Most frequently found at corners, they protected a warder and enabled him to see his surroundings. Bartizans are generally furnished with oillets or arrow slits.{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Bartizan|volume=3|page=450}} The turret was usually supported by stepped masonry corbels and could be round, polygonal or square.{{cite book |title=Pevsner's Architectural Glossary |year=2010 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-16721-4 |editor=Bradley, Simon |page=219}}{{cite book |last1=Sturgis |first1=Russell |title=A Dictionary of Architecture and Building, Volume I |date=1901 |publisher=Macmillan |page=219}}
Bartizans were incorporated into many notable examples of Scottish Baronial architecture. In the architecture of Aberdeen, the new Town House, built in 1868–74, incorporates bartizans in the West Tower.
Gallery
= On walls =
File:Round Bartizan, Fortaleza de Santiago, Sesimbra, Portugal.JPG|Guarita at Fortaleza de Santiago, Sesimbra Municipality, Portugal
File:Sudika Isla watchtower.jpg|Gardjola at the Spur, Senglea, Malta
File:Canuelo-2.jpg|Garita at El Cañuelo in the Bay of San Juan, Puerto Rico
File:Bartizan.jpg|South-East Bartizan on Greenknowe Tower, Scottish Borders (and another one in the background)
File:Ft de Chartres-bastion-1.jpg|Bartizan at Fort de Chartres, a French colonial era fort in Illinois on the Mississippi River
File:Garita at Castillo de San Cristobal-Detail.jpg|Garita at Castillo San Cristóbal (San Juan) in San Juan, Puerto Rico
File:JerusalemBevingrad.jpg|A bartizan-style British concrete position at Sergei courtyard, Jerusalem. This is probably the sole existing testimony of the British "Bevingrad" constructed in 1946.
File:Devil's Sentry Box or the "Garita del Diablo", en el Morro y el Atlantico.tiff|Devil's Sentry Box, or the "Garita del Diablo", San Cristóbal Castle, in San Juan, Puerto Rico
Port Vendres Fort del Fanal (2).jpg|Bartizan of Fort del Fanal in Port-Vendres, Roussillon, France
= On towers =
File:Town House, top of West Tower, Aberdeen, Peddie and Kinnear, 1868-74, photo Jane Cartney 2010RESIZED200.jpg|Bartizans on the West Tower of the new Town House in Aberdeen, Scotland, 1868–1874
File:Torre de belem vista do tejo.jpg|Manueline Guaritas at Belém Tower in Lisbon, Portugal
File:Feartagar Castle, County Galway - bartizans.jpg|Bartizans at Feartagar Castle, Ireland
File:'s-Heerenberg Huis Bergh Hof 4.jpg|Courtyard of Bergh House, 's-Heerenberg, Netherlands
File:Vredespaleis 1.JPG|The Peace Palace bell tower, The Hague, Netherlands
File:A belváros (The city centre) - panoramio.jpg|Martinstor, Freiburg, Germany
See also
{{Wiktionary|bartizan|bartisan|échauguette|guerite}}
- Bretèche
- Garret—an attic or top floor room in the military sense; a watchtower from the French word garite
- Hoarding (castle)
References
{{commons category|Bartizans}}
{{reflist}}
{{Fortifications}}