cultural properties of Indonesia

Cultural properties in Indonesia have been protected since at least 1931, when the colonial government of the Dutch East Indies passed Ordinance Number 19 of 1931 regarding Monuments, which was later amended with another ordinance in 1934. Since 1992, cultural properties have been protected under Act of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5 of 1992 regarding Cultural Properties ({{lang|id|Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 5 Tahun 1992 tentang Benda Cagar Budaya}}), which was passed by President Suharto on 21 March. This new law was passed as the old, colonial laws were considered no longer applicable.

Article I of the act defines a cultural property as of "important value for history, science, and culture", being either a man-made object or group of objects, movable (bergerak) or immovable (tidak bergerak), aged at least fifty years which has or have high historical value,; or natural objects with high historical value. Said objects, under Articles IV and V, generally belong to and are under the domain of the national government. However, Article VI allows private ownership under certain conditions. The act then goes on to regulate the search for and discovery of historical objects, as well as their keeping and maintenance.

Under Chapter VII of the act, there are several criminal offences related to cultural properties. The intentional damage, theft, relocation, and/or disfigurement of cultural properties, under Article XXVI, is a felony offence punishable by up to ten years in prison and/or a maximum fine of Rp. 100 million (US$ 10,500). Illegal searches for cultural properties, under Article XVII, is a felony offence which can be punished by up to five years in prison and/or a Rp. 50 million (US$ 5,250) fine. Persons who neglect to maintain cultural objects, as required in Article 10 subsection 1, face a criminal misdemeanor charge carrying a maximum of one year in prison and a Rp. 10 million (US$ 1,050) fine.

Indonesia's cultural properties are managed and studied by their respective provincial authorities known as Balai Pelestarian Cagar Budaya (BPCB). The BPCB does not have an official English translation, and usually remains untranslated when referred to in documents in other languages. Nevertheless, BPCB means "Centre for the Conservation of Cultural Properties."

As of 2008, some 8,232 immovable cultural properties and heritage sites have been identified, the last being those places in which items considered cultural properties are contained. Several examples follow below:

File:Gedung Kesenian Jakarta.JPG, one of numerous objects in Jakarta]]

• Borobudur Temple ({{lang|id|Candi Borobudur}}, in Magelang, Central Java
• Bosscha District ({{lang|id|Kawasan Bosscha}}), in Lembang, West Java
• Cathedral Church ({{lang|id|Gereja Katredal}}), in Jakarta
• Demak Great Mosque ({{lang|id|Masjid Agung Demak}}), in Demak, Central Java
• Jakarta Art Building ({{lang|id|Gedung Kesenian Jakarta}}), in Jakarta
• Haji Usmar Ismail Cinema Building ({{lang|id|Gedung Sinematek Haji Usmar Ismail}}), in Jakarta
• Kudus Mosque ({{lang|id|Masjid Kudus}}), in Kudus, Central Java
• Kuta Beach District ({{lang|id|Kawasan Pantai Kuta Bali}}), in Badung, Bali
• Ismail Marzuki Cultural Centre ({{lang|id|Taman Ismail Marzuki}}), in Jakarta
• Istiqlal Mosque ({{lang|id|Masjid Istiqlal}}), in Jakarta
• National Gallery of Indonesia ({{lang|id|Galeri Nasional Indonesia}}), in Jakarta
• National Monument ({{lang|id|Monumen Nasional}}), in Jakarta
• National Press Monument ({{lang|id|Monumen Pers Nasional}}), in Surakarta{{Cite web

|title=Monumen Pers Nasional

|date=10 September 2012

|language=id

|url=http://dtrk.surakarta.go.id/content/monumen-pers-nasional

|access-date=8 December 2013

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213043345/http://dtrk.surakarta.go.id/content/monumen-pers-nasional

|publisher=City Planning Bureau of Surakarta

|archive-date=13 December 2013

|url-status=dead

|df=dmy

}}

• National Museum ({{lang|id|Museum Nasional}}), in Jakarta
• Nusa Dua Tourist District ({{lang|id|Kawasan Wisata Nusa Dua}}), in Nusa Dua, Bali
• Oranje Fortress ({{lang|id|Benteng Oranje}}), in Ternate, North Maluku{{cite web |title=Daftar Benda Cagar Budaya yang Perlu Dilestarikan |trans-title=List of Cultural Properties Which Must Be Preserved |language=id |publisher=Ministry of Culture, Tourism, Youths, and Sport |url=http://kppo.bappenas.go.id/files/-17-Daftar%20Benda%20Cagar%20Budaya%20Yang%20Perlu%20Dilestarikan.pdf |access-date=6 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124090625/http://kppo.bappenas.go.id/files/-17-Daftar%20Benda%20Cagar%20Budaya%20Yang%20Perlu%20Dilestarikan.pdf |archive-date=24 January 2013 |url-status=dead }}
• Prambanan Temple Complex ({{lang|id|Kawasan Candi Prambanan}}), in Klaten, Central Java
• Sam Poo Kong Temple (Kelenteng Sam Poo Kong), in Semarang, Central Java
• Fort Rotterdam ({{lang|id|Benteng Rotterdam}}), in Makassar, South Sulawesi
• Sumbawa King's Palace ({{lang|id|Istana Raja Sumbawa}}), in Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara
• Muhammadan Mosque (Masjid Muhammadan), in Padang, West SumatraMasjid arsitektur India
• Maimun Palace (Istana Maimun), in Medan, North SumatraMalay Palace
• Tjong A Fie Mansion (Rumah Tjong A Fie), in Medan, North Sumatra
• Sri Mariamman Temple (Kuil Sri Mariamman), in Medan, North SumatraA Hindu Temple in Indonesia
• Siak Sri Indrapura Palace (Istana Siak Sri Indrapura), in Siak, Riau

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• History of Indonesia
• Culture of Indonesia
• List of heritage registers
• List of World Heritage Sites in Indonesia
• List of national parks of Indonesia

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Category:Historic sites in Indonesia

Category:Culture of Indonesia

Category:Law of Indonesia

Category:Landmarks in Indonesia