mill town#United Kingdom

File:Crespi_panorama.jpg

• Crespi d'Adda, UNESCO World Heritage Site{{cite web|url=http://www.crespidaddaunesco.org/|title=Crespi D'Adda UNESCO – Sito ufficiale| language = it | access-date = 5 February 2019}}
• Nuovo quartiere operaio in Schio
• Villaggio Leumann a Collegno{{cite web|url=http://villaggioleumann.it/|title=Associazione Amici della Scuola del Villaggio Leumann| language = it | access-date = 5 February 2019}}
• Villaggio Frua in Saronno{{cite web|url=http://www.comune.saronno.va.it/upload/saronno_ecm8/gestionedocumentale/Catalogo%20Abitare_B_784_5762.pdf|title=Abitare a Saronno tra '800 e '900| language = it | access-date = 5 February 2019}}
• Villaggio operaio della Filatura in Tollegno{{cite web | title = Villaggio operaio della Filatura | url = http://www.comune.tollegno.bi.it/Guidaalpaese/tabid/5866/Default.aspx?IDDettaglio=2488| language = it | access-date = 5 February 2019}}

File:Zyrardow panorama01.jpg

The town grew out of a textile factory founded in 1833 by the sons of Feliks Lubienski, who owned the land where it was built. They brought in a specialist from France and his newly designed machines. He was French inventor, Philippe de Girard from Lourmarin. He became a director of the firm.Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Girard, Philippe Henri de". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. The factory town developed during the 19th century into a significant textile mill town in Poland.

In honour of Girard, 'Ruda Guzowska' as the original estate was called, was renamed Żyrardów, a toponym derived of the polonised spelling of Girard's name.

Most of Żyrardów's monuments are located in the manufacturing area which dates from the 19th and early 20th centuries. It is widely believed that Żyrardów's textile settlement is the only entire urban industrial complex from the 19th-century to be preserved in Europe.

• Bogorodsk-Glukhovo factory
• Nikolskoye, Vladimir Governorate

File:East Mill, Belper, Derbyshire.jpg

In the United Kingdom, the term "mill town" usually refers to the 19th-century textile manufacturing towns of northern England and the Scottish Lowlands, particularly those in Lancashire (cotton) and Yorkshire (wool).

Some former mill towns have a symbol of the textile industry in their town badge. Some towns may have statues dedicated to textile workers (e.g. Colne{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/lancashire/6241179.stm|title=Steel statue tribute of mill girl|date=24 July 2018|publisher=BBC}}) or have a symbol in the badge of local schools (e.g. Ossett School).

The list above includes some towns where textiles was not the predominant industry. For example, mining was a key industry in Wigan and Leigh in Greater Manchester, and in Ossett in Yorkshire.

On his tour of northern England in 1849, Scottish publisher Angus Reach said:

{{blockquote|In general, these towns wear a monotonous sameness of aspect, physical and moral ... In fact, the social condition of the different town populations is almost as much alike as the material appearance of the tall chimneys under which they live. Here and there the height of the latter may differ by a few rounds of brick, but in all essential respects, a description of one is a description of all.{{Cite book|title=In the Wake of King Cotton|last=Powell|first=Rob|date=1986|publisher=Rochdale Art Gallery|page=12}}|Angus Reach|Morning Chronicle, 1849}}

=== United States ===

File:A. C. Lawrence Leather Co., Peabody, MA.jpg A. C. Lawrence Leather Co. a factory town {{circa|1910}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.salemnews.com/news/local_news/leather-goes-to-war-at-peabody-s-leather-museum/article_566fe2bb-0f0b-55c1-99e0-0df21d2d1f97.html|title=Leather goes to War at Peabody's Leather Museum|first=ALAN BURKE STAFF|last=WRITER}}{{cite web|url=http://peabodylibrary.pastperfectonline.com/bycreator?keyword=George+Peabody+House+&+Leather+Workers+Museum|title=Peabody Institute Library : Online Collections|website=peabodylibrary.pastperfectonline.com}}]]

File:Berlin Panoramic.jpg at Berlin, New Hampshire]]

Beginning with Samuel Slater and technological information smuggled out of England by Francis Cabot Lowell, large mills were established in New England in the early to mid-19th century. Mill towns, sometimes planned, built and owned as a company town, grew in the shadow of the industries. The region became a manufacturing powerhouse along rivers like the Housatonic, Quinebaug, Shetucket, Blackstone, Merrimack, Nashua, Cocheco, Saco, Androscoggin, Kennebec or Winooski.

In the 20th century, alternatives to water power were developed, and it became more profitable for companies to manufacture textiles in southern states where cotton was grown and winters did not require significant heating costs. Finally, the Great Depression acted as a catalyst that sent several struggling New England firms into bankruptcy.

File:Assawaga Mill postcard.jpg|Assawaga Mill, Dayville, CT, in 1909

File:American Thread Co. Mill.jpg|American Thread Co. Mill, Willimantic, CT, c. 1910

File:Hollingsworth & Whitney Paper Mills.jpg|Hollingsworth & Whitney Paper Mill, Waterville, ME, c. 1920

File:Cumberland Mills, Westbrook, ME.jpg|Cumberland Mills, Westbrook, ME, c. 1902

File:Grade crossing arch at Mill Street - postcard.jpg|Mill Street, Attleboro, MA, in 1908

File:Arlington Mills, Lawrence, MA.jpg|Arlington Mills, Lawrence, MA, in 1907

File:Merrimack Falls, Lawrence, MA.jpg|Merrimack Falls, Lawrence, MA, c. 1905

File:Noon Hour at Amoskeag Mills.jpg|Amoskeag Mills, Manchester, NH, c. 1912

File:Jackson Mills, Nashua, NH.jpg|Jackson Mills, Nashua, NH, in 1907

File:Alice Mills Rubber Mfg. Plant.jpg|Alice Mills, Woonsocket, RI, in 1911

File:Colchester Mills, Winooski, VT.jpg|Colchester Mills, Winooski, VT, in 1907

File:ChadwickMills.jpg|Model Mill Settlement, Chadwick Mills, Charlotte, N.C. Published c. 1905–1915

File:WhiteOakMills.jpg|White Oak Cotton Mills, Greensboro, N.C. c. 1914

File:Wareshoalsmill.jpg|Aerial view of Ware Shoals Mill

• San José de Suaita

• Company town
• Industrial district
• Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor
• Old Great Falls Historic District, Paterson, NJ

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Category:Company towns

Category:Industrial Revolution

Category:History of the textile industry

Category:Communities by industry