neo-futurism

{{Infobox art movement

| name = Neo-futurism

| image = Nanjing International Youth Cultural Ceter.jpg

| alt =

| caption = Nanjing International Youth Cultural Centre, a neo-futuristic skyscraper in Nanjing, China{{Cite news |url=https://robbreport.com/travel/hotels/jumeirah-nanjing-zaha-hadid-last-project-2860876/

|title=An Inside Look at One of Zaha Hadid's Final Projects: China's Futuristic Jumeirah Nanjing Hotel |date=31 July 2019 |access-date=20 April 2022 |first=Meredith |last=Bethune |work=Robb Report |quote=architect Zaha Hadid, the first woman to win the prestigious Pritzker Architecture Prize, died unexpectedly in 2016. Adding to that tragedy were her many projects left unfinished, including the Nanjing International Youth Cultural Centre (IYCC) in China. Fortunately, her London-based firm Zaha Hadid Architects has carried the torch, making it possible for a new hotel, Jumeirah Nanjing, to open inside the building }}

| yearsactive = 1960s–present

| country = International

| majorfigures = Peter Cook, Cedric Price, Renzo Piano, Richard Rogers, Norman Foster, Santiago Calatrava, Zaha Hadid

| influences = Futurism, high-tech architecture

| influenced = Parametricism

}}

File:WU Wien, Library and Learning Center Vienna 19-20 IMG 2131.jpg, Library & Learning Center by Zaha Hadid]]

Neo-futurism is a late-20th to early-21st-century movement in the arts, design, and architecture.{{Cite web |url=https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Neo-futurism |title=Neo-futurism |work=Designing Buildings, the Construction Wiki |date=14 May 2021 |access-date=20 April 2022 |quote=neo-futurist aesthetics ‘generates the emergence of artistic modes that would have been impossible prior to computer technology.’ }}{{cite web |url=https://www.sticanada.com/santiago-calatrava-s-neo-futuristic-architecture |title=Santiago Calatrava's Neo-Futuristic Architecture |location=Vancouver |work=Special Travel International |access-date=20 April 2022 |quote=Calatrava’s artistic sensibility hasn’t been limited strictly to architecture. He is also an accomplished sculptor and painter, creating a body of work on a smaller scale }}

Described as an avant-garde movement,{{Cite web |url=https://www.digitalschool.ca/neo-futurism-overview-students-architecture-training/|title=Neo-futurism: An Overview for Students in Architecture Training |website=digitalschool.ca |date=14 June 2018}} as well as a futuristic rethinking of the thought behind aesthetics and functionality of design in growing cities, the movement has its origins in the mid-20th-century structural expressionist work of architects such as Alvar Aalto and Buckminster Fuller.

Futurist architecture began in the 20th century starting with styles such as Art Deco and later with the Googie movement as well as high-tech architecture.{{cite web |url=https://repozytorium.biblos.pk.edu.pl/redo/resources/41644/file/suwFiles/TycG_ResearchingForms.pdf |title=(Re)searching Forms of the Future. Futurism and Contemporary Architecture |year=2018 |first=Grzegorz |last=Tyc |location=Krakow |access-date=20 April 2022 |quote=The pavilion in the form of a spaceship designed by Zaha Hadid is a perfect place for a futuristic fashion show. Apart from architecture, Zaha Hadid designed fashion, and the catwalk for Chanel. }}{{cite journal |url=https://www.academia.edu/74340548 |journal=Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Technology |issn=2349-8404 |volume=5 |number=6 |date=July–September 2018 |access-date=20 April 2022 |pages=338–343

|title=A Century of Futurist Architecture: from Theory to Reality |first1=Farhan |last1=Asim |first2=Venu |last2=Shree |quote=To create a clear distinction between the futurist architecture of 1910–1920 and the architecture of post 1950s, futurism was renamed as ‘Neo-futurism’ by French Architect Denis Laming }}

Origins

Beginning in the late 1960s and early 1970s by architects such as Buckminster Fuller{{cite web|url=http://www.ted.com/talks/mathieu_lehanneur_demos_science_inspired_design/recommendations|title=Mathieu Lehanneur recommends|author=Mathieu Lehanneur|publisher=TED (conference)|access-date=22 October 2014}} and John C. Portman Jr.;{{cite web |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2015/03/how-1980s-atlanta-became-the-backdrop-for-the-future/388769/|title=How 1980s Atlanta Became the Backdrop for the Future|author=Kristi York Wooten|work=The Atlantic|date=30 March 2015}}{{cite web|url=http://io9.com/tag/john-portman|title=John portman News, Videos, Reviews and Gossip – io9|work=io9}}{{Failed verification|date=May 2021}} architect and industrial designer Eero Saarinen,{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/us-greece-airport-idUKKBN0F10YI20140626|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208215538/http://uk.reuters.com/article/us-greece-airport-idUKKBN0F10YI20140626|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2015|title=Big dreams and angry protests swirl at abandoned Athens airport|date=26 June 2014|agency=Reuters.com|access-date=22 October 2014}} Archigram, an avant-garde architectural group (Peter Cook, Warren Chalk, Ron Herron, Dennis Crompton, Michael Webb and David Greene, Jan Kaplický and others);{{cite web|url=http://www.ovguide.com/jan-kaplicky-9202a8c04000641f8000000000963630|title="Jan Kaplický" Video – Buildings and Interviews|work=OVGuide|access-date=9 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709093733/https://www.ovguide.com/jan-kaplicky-9202a8c04000641f8000000000963630|archive-date=9 July 2017|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.fastcodesign.com/3035220/if-famous-buildings-and-paintings-made-babies-theyd-look-like-this|title=If Famous Buildings And Paintings Made Babies, They'd Look Like This|work=Co.Design|date=5 September 2014|access-date=22 October 2014}}{{cite web|url=http://news.artnet.com/art-world/imagining-the-artist-architect-collabos-that-never-were-101124|title=Imagining the Artist-Architect Collabos That Never Were|author=Christie Chu|date=14 September 2014|work=artnet News|access-date=22 October 2014}}{{cite web|url=http://www.amstelart.com/#!info/c1d94|title=Amstel Art Gallery London Archivio Marco Lodola Pop Art Design|access-date=22 October 2014}}{{cite web|url=http://asiacontemporaryart.com/artists/galleries/Amstel_Art_Gallery/en/|title=ASIA CONTEMPORARY ART – Amstel Art Gallery|publisher=Asiacontemporaryart.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022222105/http://asiacontemporaryart.com/artists/galleries/Amstel_Art_Gallery/en/|archive-date=22 October 2014|access-date=22 October 2014}}{{cite web|url=http://www.fieramilanonews.it/on-line/en/Home/InBrief/articolo165.html|title=In Brief – Fiera Milano News|publisher=Fieramilanonews.it|access-date=22 October 2014}} it is considered in part an evolution out of high-tech architecture, developing many of the same themes and ideas.{{Cite web |url=https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Neo-futurism|title=neo-futurism|website=designingbuildings}}

Although it was never built, the Fun Palace (1961), interpreted by architect Cedric Price as a "giant neo-futurist machine",{{cite web|author=Anthony Vidler|title=Histories of the immediate present: inventing architectural modernism |year=2008|publisher=MIT Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology|url=http://mitpress.mit.edu/sites/default/files/titles/content/9780262720519_ind_0001.pdf|access-date=22 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527214629/http://mitpress.mit.edu/sites/default/files/titles/content/9780262720519_ind_0001.pdf|archive-date=27 May 2014|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.frieze.com/issue/article/the_enclosure_business/ |title=Frieze Magazine – Archive – The Enclosure Business |author=Erskine Design |work=frieze |access-date=22 October 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022124708/http://www.frieze.com/issue/article/the_enclosure_business/ |archive-date=22 October 2014 }} influenced other architects, notably Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano, whose Centre Pompidou extended many of Price's ideas.

Definition

Neo-futurism was in part revitalised in 2007 after the publication of "The Neo-Futuristic City Manifesto"{{cite web |url=http://computerworld.co/nota1449.html |title=Vito Di Bari vuelve a Colombia |trans-title=Vito Di Bari returns to Colombia |work=Computer World Colombia |language=Spanish |date=3 October 2014 |access-date=7 November 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141017172641/http://www.computerworld.co/nota1449.html |archive-date=17 October 2014 }}{{cite web |url=http://helenapinillos.com/3.html |title=Manifesto of Neo-Futuristic City |first=Vito |last=Di Bari |year=2014 |work=Helena Pinillos |access-date=7 November 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141107050013/http://helenapinillos.com/3.html |archive-date=7 November 2014 }}{{cite web |url=http://www.worldarchitecture.org/authors-links/czhez/from-manifesto-to-futurist-architecture.html|title=From Manifesto to Futurist Architecture |work=World Architecture |access-date=22 October 2014}} included in the candidature presented to the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE){{cite web|url=http://www.bie-paris.org/site/en/|title=BIE – Bureau International des Expositions|work=bie-paris.org}} and written by innovation designer Vito Di Bari{{cite web|url=http://myemail.constantcontact.com/MoreArtCulture-Messenger--Vito-Di-Bari-on-Wednesday-and-Your-Week-in-Arts---Culture.html?soid=1102430556784&aid=p-32Oik63AM|title=MoreArtCulture Messenger: Vito Di Bari on Wednesday and Your Week in Arts + Culture|work=constantcontact.com}}{{cite web|url=http://www.i-cio.com/big-thinkers/vito-di-bari/item/how-the-internet-of-things-will-create-a-new-economic-renaissance|title=The economic renaissance led by the Internet of Things |work=I-cioc.om|access-date=22 October 2014}} (a former executive director at UNESCO),{{cite web |url=http://atom.archives.unesco.org/agreement-between-unesco-and-city-of-milan-concerning-international-multimedia-institute-imi-2;isad |title=Agreement between UNESCO and the City of Milan concerning the International Multimedia Institute (IMI) – Appointment of Executive Director – UNESCO Archives ICA AtoM catalogue |publisher=UNESCO |date=8 October 1999 |access-date=17 January 2014}} to outline his vision for the city of Milan at the time of the Universal Expo 2015. Di Bari defined his neo-futuristic vision as the "cross-pollination of art, cutting edge technologies and ethical values combined to create a pervasively higher quality of life";Manifesto of Neo-Futuristic City in www.neofuturistic.com he referenced the Fourth Pillar of Sustainable Development Theory{{cite web |url=http://kamjournal.org/2014/07/24/the-concept-of-sustainable-development-and-the-challenges-of-economic-growth-and-development-in-nigeria/ |title=The Concept Of "Sustainable Development" And The Challenges Of Economic Growth And Development In Nigeria |work=Katsina-Ala Multidisciplinary Journal |access-date=22 October 2014}} and reported that the name had been inspired by the United Nations report Our Common Future.{{cite book |author=World Commission on Environment and Development |title=Our Common Future |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=27 |isbn=978-0192820808 |year=2007 |orig-year=1987}}

Soon after Di Bari's manifesto, a collective in the UK called The Neo-Futurist Collective, launched their own version of the Neo-futurist manifesto, written by Rowena Easton, on the streets of Brighton on 20 February 2008, to mark the 99th anniversary of the publication of the Futurist manifesto by FT Marinetti in 1909.{{Cite book |last=Young |first=J |title=Now That's What I Call Neo-Futurism |publisher=Surrealist Taxi BV. |year=2018|location=Rotterdam}} The collective's take on Neo-Futurism was much different to Di Bari's, in a sense that it focussed on acknowledging the legacy of the Italian Futurists as well as criticising our current state of despair over climate change and the financial system. On their introduction to their manifesto, The Neo-Futurist Collective noted: “In an age of mass despair over the state of the planet and the financial system, the futurist legacy of optimism for the power of technology uniting with the imagination of humanity has a powerful resonance for our modern age”.{{Cite web |title=The Neo-Futurist Manifesto |url=https://neofuturistcollective.com/manifesto-of-neo-futurism/ |website=Neo-Futurist Collective|date=26 October 2014}} This shows an interpretation of Neo-Futurism that is more socially involved – one that speaks directly to its followers rather than denoting certain outlooks through actions (e.g. choice of eco-aware materials in Neo-Futurist architecture).

Jean-Louis Cohen has defined neo-futurism{{cite web|url=http://www.coolhunting.com/design/the-future-of-architecture-since-1889.php|title=The Future of Architecture Since 1889|work=Cool Hunting|access-date=22 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022124639/http://www.coolhunting.com/design/the-future-of-architecture-since-1889.php|archive-date=22 October 2014|url-status=dead}}{{cite web |url=http://library.stmarytx.edu/mobile/item.php?search/o681503360 |title=Blume Library Mobile |publisher=Library.stmarytx.edu|access-date=22 October 2014}} as a corollary to technology, noting that a large amount of the structures built today are byproducts of new materials and concepts about the function of large-scale constructions in society. Etan J. Ilfeld wrote that in the contemporary neo-futurist aesthetic "the machine becomes an integral element of the creative process itself, and generates the emergence of artistic modes that would have been impossible prior to computer technology."{{cite book |first=Etan Jonathan |last=Ilfeld |title=Beyond Contemporary Art |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-0anuAAACAAJ|year=2012|publisher=Vivays Publishing|isbn=978-1-908126-22-1}} Reyner Banham's definition of "une architecture autre" is a call for an architecture that technologically overcomes all previous architectures but possessing an expressive form,{{cite book |first=Nigel |last=Whiteley |title=Reyner Banham: Historian of the Immediate Future |location=Cambridge |publisher=MIT Press |year=2002 |isbn=978-0262731652 }} as Banham stated about neo-futuristic "Archigram's Plug-in Computerized City, form does not have to follow function into oblivion."{{cite magazine |first=Reyner |last=Banham |title=A Clip-on Architecture |magazine=Architectural Design |volume=35 |number=11 }}

Matthew Phillips defined the Neo-Futurist aesthetic as a "manipulation of time, space, and subject against a backdrop of technological innovation and domination, [that] posits new approaches to the future contrary to those of past avant-gardes and current technocratic philosophies".{{Cite web |last=Phillips |first=Matthew |date=7 August 2020 |title=The Neofuturist Aesthetic: Technology and counterfuture in the electronic avant-garde |url=https://www.tinymixtapes.com|website=Tiny Mixtapes}} This definition agrees with the work of Neo-Futurist architects whose approach is situated in the context of technological innovation, but does not mention the ecological mindfulness that stems from architectural Neo-Futurism.

In art and architecture

Neo-futurism was inspired partly by Futurist architect Antonio Sant'Elia and pioneered from the early 1960s and the late 1970s by Hal Foster,{{cite web |title=Neofuturism Architecture And Technology, SCI-Arc Media Archive |publisher=Sma.sciarc.edu |url=http://sma.sciarc.edu/video/0328_foster_hal-10-05-97/ |date=5 October 1987 |access-date=17 January 2014}} with architects such as William Pereira,[http://laforum.org/content/articles/william-pereira-by-scott-johnson Los Angeles Forum for architecture and urban design, Scott Johnson] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111003313/http://laforum.org/content/articles/william-pereira-by-scott-johnson |date=11 January 2014 }}[http://www.aialosangeles.org/calendar/architect-william-pereira-s-modern-la The Los Angeles Chapter of The American Institute for Architects, Alan Hess, William Pereira: Designing Modern Los Angeles, 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129014735/http://www.aialosangeles.org/calendar/architect-william-pereira-s-modern-la |date=29 November 2014 }} Charles Luckman{{cite book|author=Hugh Pearman|title=Airports: A Century of Architecture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O9q7gTpd-MoC|year=2004|publisher=Laurence King Publishing|isbn=978-1-85669-356-1}}{{Cite web |url=http://www.preservationdallas.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/December-2012-Member-Newsletter.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=21 September 2018 |archive-date=24 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624045441/http://www.preservationdallas.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/December-2012-Member-Newsletter.pdf |url-status=dead }} and Henning Larsen.{{cite web|url=http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=3758|title=Sydney Opera House, Sydney - SkyscraperPage.com|website=skyscraperpage.com}}

People

The relaunch of neo-futurism in the 21st century has been creatively inspired by the Pritzker Architecture Prize-winning architect Zaha Hadid{{cite web|url=http://www.vow-news.com/read.php?id=14&p=12696|title=ឯកសារសំខាន់! ស្វែងយល់ពីស្ថាបត្យករអង់គ្លេសដើមកំណើតអ៉ីរ៉ាក់ លោកស្រី Zaha Hadid (មាន Video Clip) |trans-title=Important documents! Discover British-Iraqi Architect Zaha Hadid |language=Khmer|work=Village of Wonder|access-date=22 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140518224508/http://www.vow-news.com/read.php?id=14&p=12696|archive-date=18 May 2014|url-status=dead}} and architect Santiago Calatrava.{{cite web|url=http://www.archdaily.com/531290/spotlight-santiago-calatrava/|title=Spotlight: Santiago Calatrava|work=ArchDaily|access-date=22 October 2014}}{{cite web|url=http://www.mediander.com/connects/229656/santiago-calatrava/#!/3341704/neo-futurism|title=Santiago Calatrava|work=Mediander|access-date=22 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630235141/http://www.mediander.com/connects/229656/santiago-calatrava/#!/3341704/neo-futurism|archive-date=30 June 2017|url-status=dead}}

Neo-futurist architects, designers and artists include people like {{Interlanguage link|Denis Laming|fr}},{{cite web|url=http://www.laming.fr/|title=Denis Laming Architectes|work=laming.fr|access-date=17 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422024222/http://laming.fr/|archive-date=22 April 2016|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.sortirapoitiers.com/actualites/detail/id/83 |title=Denis Laming, L'Architecte du Futuroscope |date=25 May 2012 |work=Sortir à Poitiers|language=fr|access-date=17 March 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402114649/http://www.sortirapoitiers.com/actualites/detail/id/83 |archive-date=2 April 2015 }}{{cite book|first1=Nicola |last1=Williams |first2=Virginie |last2=Boone |title=The Loire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PASIo7gR7Q4C&pg=PA47|year=2002|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-86450-358-6|pages=47–}} Patrick Jouin,{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/King%20of%20good%20times/2/66894.html|title=King of good times |work=India Today|access-date=22 October 2014}} Yuima Nakazato,{{cite web|url=http://blog.stratasys.com/2013/08/07/japanese-3d-printed-neo-futuristic-bibs/|title=Japanese Fashion Designer Literally Flexes Muscles with 3D Printing|work=Stratasys Blog|access-date=22 October 2014}}{{cite web|url=http://www.netcommunity.se/201308137559/Prototyp/Press/Yuima-Nakazato-creates-neo-futuristic-sportswear-with-an-Objet500-Connex-multi-material-3D-Printer-7559/menu-id-800|title=Yuima Nakazato creates neo-futuristic sportswear with an Objet500 Connex multi-material 3D Printer [7559] – Prototyp|publisher=Netcommunity.se|access-date=22 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130917014123/http://www.netcommunity.se/201308137559/Prototyp/Press/Yuima-Nakazato-creates-neo-futuristic-sportswear-with-an-Objet500-Connex-multi-material-3D-Printer-7559/menu-id-800|archive-date=17 September 2013|url-status=dead}} artist Simon Stålenhag{{cite web|url=http://boingboing.net/2013/08/21/swedish-seventies-neoretrofutu.html|title=Swedish seventies neoretrofuturism: the paintings of Simon Stålenhag|date=21 August 2013|publisher=Boingboing.net|access-date=22 October 2014}} and graphic designer Charis Tsevis.{{cite web|url=http://fatlace.com/lacedup/2010/09/neofuturistic-vectors-by-charis-tsevis/ |title=Neofuturistic Vectors by Charis Tsevis |date=15 September 2010 |work=Fatlace |access-date=7 November 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141107053308/http://fatlace.com/lacedup/2010/09/neofuturistic-vectors-by-charis-tsevis/ |archive-date=7 November 2014 }}{{cite web|url=http://www.visualnews.com/test/2010/09/28/neofuturistic-vectors-and-vibrant-mosaics/|title=Neofuturistic Vectors and Vibrant Mosaics|first=Paul |last=Caridad|work=Visual News|access-date=7 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141107044845/http://www.visualnews.com/test/2010/09/28/neofuturistic-vectors-and-vibrant-mosaics/|archive-date=7 November 2014|url-status=dead}} Neo-futurism has absorbed some high-tech architectural themes and ideas, incorporating elements of high-tech industry and technology іnto building design:{{citation needed|date=May 2020}} Technology and context has been a focus for some architects such as Buckminster Fuller, Norman Foster,{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/214636/Lord-Norman-Foster/|title=Lord Norman Foster|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=22 October 2014}}{{cite web|url=http://www.geocities.jp/lapis_lapislazuli/02_london.html|title=My Gallery Space 『････ノ、セカイ』|publisher=Geocities.jp|access-date=22 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105221843/http://www.geocities.jp/lapis_lapislazuli/02_london.html|archive-date=5 November 2018|url-status=dead}} Kenzo Tange, Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers.

Gallery

File:Kinémax Futuroscope.jpg|The Pavilions of Futuroscope in Poitiers by Denis Laming, 1984

File:Le Stade Olympique de Montréal Nuit Arriere Edit 1.jpg|The Tour de Montréal in Montreal by Roger Taillibert, 1987

File:Hemispheric - Valencia, Spain - Jan 2007.jpg|L'Hemisfèric in the City of Arts and Sciences, Valencia by Santiago Calatrava, 1998

File:LSE large.jpg|The British Library of Political and Economic Science in London by Norman Foster, 2000

File:L'Oceanografic, Valencia, Spain 2 - Jan 07-cropped.jpg|L'Oceanogràfic in the City of Arts and Sciences, Valencia by Félix Candela, 2003

File:Auditorio de Tenerife Pano.jpg|Auditorio de Tenerife in Santa Cruz de Tenerife by Santiago Calatrava, 2003

File:Palau de les Arts Reina Sofia (Ciutat de les Arts i de les Ciencies - Valencia) (472712279).jpg|El Palau de les Arts Reina Sofía in the City of Arts and Sciences, Valencia by Santiago Calatrava, 2005

File:The Turning Torso, Malmo.JPG|The Turning Torso in Malmö by Santiago Calatrava, 2005

File:Hungerburgbahn-Bergstation.JPG|Hungerburgbahn top station in Innsbruck by Zaha Hadid, 2007

File:30 St Mary Axe, 'Gherkin'.JPG|The Gherkin in London by Foster + Partners and Arup Group, 2007

File:上海国际金融中心.jpg|Shanghai World Financial Center by Kohn Pedersen Fox, 2008

File:Vue de la gare des Guillemins.jpg|Liège-Guillemins railway station in Liège by Santiago Calatrava, 2009

File:Agora y Pont de l'Assut de l'Or.jpg|L'Àgora in the City of Arts and Sciences, Valencia by Santiago Calatrava, 2009

File:Burj Khalifa.jpg|The Burj Khalifa in Dubai by Adrian Smith, 2010

File:Ледовый дворец спорта «Айсберг».JPG|Iceberg Palace in Sochi by Andrey Bokov, 2012

File:Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center.jpg|Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center in Baku by Zaha Hadid, 2012

File:The Shard from the Sky Garden 2015.jpg|The Shard in London by Renzo Piano, 2012

File:Wikimania 2013 04404.JPG|Jockey Club Innovation Tower in Hong Kong by Zaha Hadid, 2013

File:Pearl River Tower (Guangzhou, China) indexxrus.JPG|Pearl River Tower in Guangzhou by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, 2013

File:Moscow, Evolution Tower at night (31510424357).jpg|The Evolution Tower in Moscow by RMJM and Philipp Nikandrov, 2014

File:Ilham tower.jpg|Ilham Tower in Kuala Lumpur by Foster + Partners, 2015

File:Museu do Amanha 05 2016 Rio 2083.jpg|Museum of Tomorrow in Rio de Janeiro by Santiago Calatrava, 2015

File:WTC Hub September 2016 vc.png|The World Trade Center Hub in New York City by Santiago Calatrava, 2016

File:Thyssenkrupp-Testturm-01.jpg|TK Elevator Test Tower in Rottweil by Werner Sobek, 2017

File:Aerial view of Apple Park dllu.jpg|Aerial view of Apple Park in Cupertino by Norman Foster, 2017

File:High Line td 16 - 520 West 28th Street.jpg|520 West 28th Street in New York City by Zaha Hadid, 2017

File:LM81 NhonHuynh 5-8-2018.jpg|Landmark 81 in Ho Chi Minh City by Atkins, 2018

File:Helsinki Central Library Oodi, 2019 (01).jpg|The Central Library Oodi in Helsinki by Arkkitehtitoimisto ALA, 2018

File:The Exchange 106 20230317.jpg|Exchange 106 Tower in Kuala Lumpur by Mulia Group Malaysia, 2019

File:Merdeka 118 20230317.jpg|Merdeka 118 in Kuala Lumpur by Fender Katsalidis, 2024

References

External links

Category:Futurist movements

Category:Contemporary art movements

Category:21st century in art

Category:21st-century architectural styles

Category:Avant-garde art